KR101267354B1 - Natural mineral composition for light-weight roofing tiles and method for manufacturing the roofing tiles using the composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A composition for light-weight clay roof tile using natural minerals is provided to increase insulation and water proof functions of a roof tile, and to lighten the weight of the roof tile by comprising clay, quartz, kaolin, diatomite, nano carbon black and iron in a certain ratio. CONSTITUTION: A composition for light-weight clay roof tiles using natural minerals comprises: 45-55 wt% of clay, 15-20 wt% of quartz, 10-15 wt% of kaolin, 10-15 wt% of diatomite, 1-5 wt% of nano carbon black and 1-3 wt% of iron. A manufacturing method of clay roof tiles comprises the following steps: (a) passing the composition for light-weight clay roof tiles using natural minerals into a first discriminator and the second discriminator; (b) aging the composition from the step (a) at 25 deg. C for over 24 hours; (c) molding roof tiles by third-vacuum pugging the aged composition; and (d) drying the molded roof tiles at 110 deg. C for 24 hours, plasticizing the result at 1150-1200 deg. C for 1 hour and cooling the result to the room temperature.

Description

Natural mineral composition for light-weight roofing tiles and method for manufacturing the roofing tiles using the composition

The present invention relates to a composition for earthenware and a method for producing a tile using the same, which has increased the heat insulation and waterproofing function and reduced the weight.

The roof structure of Hanok, the traditional house of our country, is finished with clay tiles, and the hanok has a wooden structure. Such a hanok is subjected to a lot of vertical load due to the weight of the tile due to the characteristics of the building, thereby causing a collapse of the house and safety problems.

Recently, the necessity of light roof tiles is increasing due to the repair and construction of new hanok and traditional houses. As the weight of the roof tiles is lightened, the safety of the building is increased, and the necessity of the roof tiles which has increased the insulation and waterproof functions of the roof tiles is increasing.

In Korean Patent No. 10-0547021, mining or purchasing roofing clay, clay dough is molded and dried, and maintained at 1,090 to 1,150 ° C for 1 hour in a gas kiln, and then unburned components at 950 to 980 ° C for 5 to 10 minutes. This invention describes a method of injecting a gas into the earthenware and adsorbing a carbon component. The technology of this patent is a manufacturing process that uses the principle of turning to black by reducing and calcining iron-based clay which has no standard in earthenware clay selection. Therefore, weight cannot be reduced and quality homogeneity cannot be maintained.

In addition, Korean Patent No. 10-0441988 discloses a flat plate earthenware having a protruding portion as an uneven groove so as to facilitate friction and storage during tile manufacturing. In this patent, when selecting clay for earthenware and clay, there is no standard and simply uses clay with iron component, so it has a function of changing to black in the reduction firing step. Therefore, this patent cannot maintain the homogeneity of weight and quality with earthenware.

In addition, Korean Patent No. 10-0482949 describes a general method of manufacturing ocher walls using ocher walls and roof tiles of ocher houses using clay, ocher and sand. At the same time, there is no improvement.

In addition, in the conventional tile manufacturing method, since clays around the factory are mined or purchased, the analysis, particle size, and composition of raw materials are different depending on the place of origin, so cracks and blotting (spots pop out in the manufacturing process of the tile). Or partly cracked defects), discoloration, discoloration and dimensional change.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to reduce the weight of the roof tiles to improve the safety of the building, and further to provide a roof tile with a great insulation and waterproof function of the roof tiles.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to adjust the components, particle size and component content of the raw material to ensure the uniformity of the quality, to solve problems such as cracking, blotting, discoloration, discoloration, dimensional change in the manufacturing process of the roof tile It is to provide a method of manufacturing a roof tile for.

The present inventors have recognized the above problems and conducted a study, and found that the above problems can be solved by using a specific component and a specific composition ratio, and manufacturing a tile by adding carbon black of nanoparticles, thereby completing the present invention. It came to the following.

The composition of the raw materials used in the present invention, based on a total of 100 parts by weight of the composition, comprises the following components:

-45 to 55 parts by weight of clay,

15-20 parts by weight of silica;

-15 to 20 parts by weight of kaolin,

10 to 15 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth,

1 to 5 parts by weight of nano carbon black, and

-1 to 3 parts by weight of iron.

The invention also provides a process for preparing an earthenware comprising the following steps:

Passing the body composition through the primary and secondary separators,

-Aging step of moisturizing the composition obtained above at room temperature 25 ℃ for more than 24 hours,

Molding the matured composition by tertiary vacuum drilling,

Drying the molded product obtained above at 110 ° C. for 24 hours, and then calcining at 1,150 ° C. to 1,200 ° C. for 1 hour and then cooling to room temperature.

According to the present invention, by reducing the weight of the roof tile to promote the safety of the building, and further improve the insulation and waterproofing function of the roof tile, and to ensure the uniformity of quality by controlling the ingredients, particle size and content of the raw materials In the manufacturing process of roof tiles, problems such as cracking, blotting, discoloration, discoloration, and dimensional change can be solved.

The clay used in the present invention is one of clays that are mined in the Obu region of Gyeongnam Sancheong, which has a high iron content, and the soil particles are a little coarse than white or blue clay. Some pink spots (momiji) may appear in some areas. When mixed with other materials, it is often used for making bowls or pots, and it is also used for making pots or vases using the clay texture. The firing temperature of this clay is 1200 to 1,250 ° C.

The components and composition ratios of the obu clay used in the present invention are as follows: SiO ₂ : 45-55%, Fe ₂ O ₃ : 5-6%, Al ₂ O ₃ : 25-35%, MgONa ₂ O: 8% , CaCO ₃ : 6%.

Obu clay used in the present invention is a type of hydrated aluminum silicate mineral group having a clay mineral layer structure and a very small particle size (0.002 mm). Or an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal. Clay minerals are very similar to each other and many are distinguished only by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy or differential thermal analysis.

The clay used in the present invention is used in an amount of 45 to 55 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total composition. If the amount of clay is less than 45 parts by weight, the plasticity is lowered, the workability worsens, and if it exceeds 55 parts by weight, the shrinkage rate is increased to cause deformation of the product.

Kaolin used in the present invention is also called kaolin, kaolin or white clay (白 陶土, china clay). Its main components are kaolinite (Al ₂ O ₃ · 2 SiO ₂ · 2H ₂ O) and halosite Al ₂ O ₃ · SiO ₂ · 4H ₂ O). These kaolins are produced by weathering, where feldspars such as feldspar, feldspar, soda feldspar, and feldspar in rock are chemically decomposed by carbonic acid or water. Usually, several meters thick layer is formed on the rocks of Wonseong soil. It is used as a raw material for porcelain, and it is called kaolin because it was produced a lot in China's Gao Ling. High-quality kaolin is light and bright because it does not contain iron, making it suitable for making thin bowls. It is commonly called white clay in Korea, and many good white clay is produced in Hadong and Sancheong provinces in Gyeongnam.

The components and composition ratios of kaolin used in the present invention are SiO ₂ : 45-55%, Fe ₂ O ₃ : 1-5%, Al ₂ O ₃ : 25-35%, MgONa ₂ O: 2%, CaCO ₃ : About 1%, the mineral components include 60-70% quartz, 10-20% feldspar and mica, 5-35% carbonate mineral, and 2-5% silt for hornblende, apatite, biotite, garnet, fluorite, silicate, tourmaline , Heavy minerals such as zircon and the like.

Kaolin is widely used in ceramics, paper, paint, plastics, rubber industry, fillers, civil engineering, building materials, catalysts in chemical industry, fertilizer additives in agriculture, and soil neutralizers. Increasingly, the importance as a highly functional material is emphasized.

Kaolin used in the present invention is used in an amount of 15 to 20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total composition. If the amount of kaolin is less than 15 parts by weight, there is a problem that the shrinkage rate is increased and similarly the product is deformed, and if the amount of kaolin exceeds 20 parts by weight, plasticity is lowered and workability deteriorates.

The molecular formula of silica used in the present invention is SiO, ore mainly made of quartz. The high purity and white ones are called Baek Gyu Seok, and are produced from pegmatite, quartz beet, Gyuham and Chert. The silicic acid content is 95 to 97% or more. Particularly contained in pegmatite is called Jang Gyu Seok (長 硅石) because it is mined with feldspar. Built-in stone is a small piece of silica, 5-15 cm in diameter, used for the interior of a ball mill for grinding ceramic materials. It is used as the main raw material for glass and porcelain bowls, and silica brick is used as fireproof material such as furnace.

The silica used in the present invention is a mineral mainly made of quartz. White with high purity is called Baek Gyu Seok, and the one contained in pegmatite is called Jang Gyu Seok. The soft silica is somewhat clayy, the old silica is red with iron content, the feldspar is a small piece of silica, with 95-97% silicic acid content.

These silicas are mainly used as raw materials for glass, ceramics, silicon and ferrosilicon. Yeongyuseok (軟 硅石) is a clay that is weathered by quartz rock and is mixed with clay. It is used as a mixture of refractory mortar or cement and contains about 90% silicic acid. Furnace ash is a kind of chert. It contains iron, so it has red angular force and is the main raw material of refractory brick. Built-in stone (內 張 石) is a small piece of silica, 5-15cm in diameter, is used for the interior of the ball mill for grinding pottery raw materials.

The silica used in the present invention is used in an amount of 15 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total composition. If the amount of silica is less than 15 parts by weight, there is a problem that the shrinkage rate is increased during firing, the product is deformed, and if it exceeds 20 parts by weight, the problem of poor workability due to the loss of viscosity.

Diatomaceous earth used in the present invention is used in an amount of 10 to 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total composition.

Iron to be used in the present invention uses a Fe ₂ O ₃ the gap by analyzing the included components in the raw material as Fe ₂ O ₃ less than 99% purity. Iron used in the present invention is contained in clay or kaolin, but is added separately to maintain an appropriate amount of ingredients.

Iron used in the present invention is used in an amount of 1 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total composition. If the amount of iron is less than 1 part by weight, there is a problem that crystallization and vitrification of the surface does not occur, and cracking and discoloration occur. When the amount of iron is more than 3 parts by weight, the melting point becomes low and deformation occurs and the color becomes dark brown or black. do.

When the nano carbon black used in the present invention is molded and calcined together with the raw material, the carbon component is carbonized at high temperature and disappears to form an empty space, and also has a high specific surface area of about 1,000 to 1500 m ² / g. In addition to improving heat insulation and water resistance, it is possible to reduce the weight of the product made from this composition.

Nano carbon black used in the present invention is used in an amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. Use outside the above ranges may not form sufficient voids.

The components and composition ratios of the light weight earthenware and the base material composition are shown in Table 1 below.

Composition and Composition Ratio of Lightweight Earthenware and Carrying Composition Composition of minerals range(%) clay 45 to 55 china clay 10-15 Diatomaceous earth 10-15 burr 15-20 Nano carbon black 1 to 5

Chemical components and compositions of natural minerals for use in the present invention are shown in Table 2 below.

Chemical composition analysis results of natural minerals

chemistry
ingredient
(wt%) division SiO ₂ Al ₂ O ₃ Na ₂ O K ₂ O CaO MgO Fe ₂ O ₃ TiO ₂ Ig.
loss Obu clay 49.9 30.5 1.72 0.73 5.07 0.66 2.08 0.22 9.09 burr 93.0 5.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.9 - - china clay 45.0 32.5 0.08 0.66 0.89 1.43 4.75 0.50 14.2 Diatomaceous earth 78.16 12.75 0.34 1.96 1.79 0.20 2.73 - - division C (carbon) Nano Carbon Black 99.99

According to the present invention, a method for producing a tile is as follows. The base material composition as described above is passed through the primary and secondary separators, in which the large stones or clay lumps are separated and small stones or lumps are broken and recycled into the raw material.

As described above, the base material composition classified through the separator is subjected to the step of aging by keeping warm for more than 24 hours at room temperature 25 ℃. The aged composition is vacuum drilled in a third manner to form a tile. Then, the molded roof tiles obtained above were dried at 110 ° C. for 24 hours, and then calcined at 1,150 ° C. to 1,200 ° C. for 1 hour, and carbon in the kiln deprived oxygen in iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) to form ferrous oxide (FeO: Black) or triiron tetraoxide (Fe ₃ O ₄ : black) to form a black tile.

The manufacturing method of the light weight earthenware according to the present invention through the embodiment will be described in detail.

Example

As described above, natural minerals classified through primary and secondary separators were used, and the clays classified as such were 500 g, silica 150 g, kaolin 200 g, diatomaceous earth 100 g, nano carbon black 3 g, and iron (Fe _2). O ₃ ) 20 g was mixed in a tertiary kneader and kept at room temperature for 25 hours at 25 ° C. for further moisturizing and aging. Then, the matured mixture was drilled using a vacuum grinder to form a tile, and the molded product was The roof tile was dried at 110 ° C. for 24 hours, calcined at 1,150 ° C. to 1,200 ° C. for 1 hour, and then cooled to room temperature to prepare a roof tile according to the present invention.

Experimental Example

1. Thermal Conductivity (Insulation Test)

The thermal conductivity of the earthenware and the specimen prepared in the above example was measured according to KSL 3306. The low thermal conductivity of the tile according to the present invention is about 0.98 w / m ° C., but is due to the heat storage performance of clay, but is due to the reduction of thermal conductivity due to the pore structure of the nanocarbon black. While the thermal conductivity of general roof tiles is about 0.98 w / m ° C., the thermal conductivity of roof tiles according to the present invention is less than 0.61 w / m ° C., which is about 30% better than conventional tiles.

2, volume specific gravity (weight comparison)

The specimen of earthenware prepared in the above example was dried for 3 hours until a constant weight in a dryer at 110 ℃, the weight change rate was measured according to the method specified in KS L 3148. Calculated as a percentage based on dry weight. As a result of measuring the weight of the same volume of conventional roof tiles and the same volume of earthenware produced according to the present invention, the tile according to the present invention was reduced by 15% more than the conventional one.

Claims (2)

Based on a total of 100 parts by weight of the composition, a composition for preparing a tile comprising the following components:
-45 to 55 parts by weight of clay,
15-20 parts by weight of silica;
10-15 parts by weight of kaolin,
10 to 15 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth,
1 to 5 parts by weight of nano carbon black, and
-1 to 3 parts by weight of iron.
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