KR101093016B1 - Method for mass production of miscanthus seedling - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mass breeding method of silver grass and a method for forming a silver grass field using the same, which is attracting attention as a next-generation energy crop at home and abroad.

Description

Method for mass production of miscanthus seedling

The present invention relates to a mass breeding method of silver grass and a method for forming a silver grass field using the same, which is attracting attention as a next-generation energy crop at home and abroad.

Silver grass is a C4 crop native to East Asia, including Korea, and because of its high photosynthetic efficiency, the annual yield of dry stems is more than 30 tons / ㏊, compared to other non-food energy crops such as switchgrass. Also, because it is a perennial crop, it can be harvested for 15-20 years without tillage and sowing after planting, and soil fertility is harvested when the nutrients of the stems are transferred to the underground stem in the autumn when the stems mature and die. Is mostly maintained, resulting in low fertilizer requirements. It is also an eco-friendly crop because there is little pest in nature and there is no need to spray pesticides.

Conventional breeding methods of silver grasses include "seed propagation method" for breeding seeds, and "undercut stem cutting method" for cutting and excavating underground stems and planting them on the pavement. Seed propagation method has the advantage that seedling production is low because harvesting a large amount of seed in the fall, but plowing seed is low germination rate, it is a corrosive plant, and pollen is mediated by wind. The seedlings are sown or seeded in seedlings or seedlings, resulting in uneven growth. Further improvement thatched (M. giganteus X) from a species of the thatched diploid Japanese pampas grass (Miscanthus sinensis ) and the tetraploid M. sacchariflorus are hybrids that do not allow seed propagation.

For this reason, studies are underway to make plow fields by producing seedlings by cutting the undergrowth, a nutrition breeding method. Underground stem cutting is a technique developed in Denmark that extracts and uses underground stems, a storage system for silver grass. As shown in Fig. 1, the underground stem is cut with a rotary tiller to collect ground stems cut with potato harvesters, and planted in new pavement to form a pampas grass.

1 is a technique developed in Denmark in 2007, a photograph of a breeding and new plow field by cutting pampas grass. A is a picture of cutting the underground stem with a rotary tiller, B is a picture of the cut underground stem. In addition, C is a photograph of collecting underground stems using a potato collector, D is a photograph of sowing underground stems, E is a photograph of a new accrual field created after sowing.

However, the cutting method of the subterranean stem is low enough to increase the cultivation area by 50 times of the multiplying pavement area because the subterranean stem is harvested every two to three years. In addition, if growth cloth is installed on the gravel or clay-rich pavement, it is difficult to operate the rotary tiller, so the sandy soil pavement must be selected for the efficiency of harvesting. It is difficult to overlook the disadvantages of small shoot generation and soot formation after sowing because it damages the eye of the undergrowth to develop as a sprout while cutting the undergrowth with a rotary tiller.

Although silver grass is a promising non-food energy crop, the reason why the cultivation area does not increase so far is that no commercially available low-cost mass growth technology has been developed. The present inventors have developed a method of producing a pike seedling by cutting the stem after cutting the top of the stem to induce the kidney growth in the eye of the node, thereby mass-producing the pampas grass seedlings with high rooting rate and good seedling quality. Will increase significantly and contribute to bioenergy production.

The present invention seeks to find out the best spawning condition for cutting and seedling quality, the mass production of cuttings with good rooting rate and seedling quality, and the applicability to the various pampas species.

The present invention comprises the steps of cutting the stem top of the silver grass to induce the kidney elongation at each node below the cut site; Preparing an insert into the node where said kidney extension is induced; And inserting the cuttings to produce seedlings.

At this time, the silver grass before cutting the stem upper end may be a silver grass grown by more than 10 nodes.

In addition, the shoot elongation-induced node may be in a state in which the buds are elongated but the leaves are not expanded.

In addition, the shoot elongation-induced node may be a state in which the shoots are elongated and the new leaves are unfolded in the node eye.

Another aspect of the present invention can provide a method for creating a pampas grass field by directly inserting the above-produced insert into the pavement.

Among the species of pampasum, the triple-modified pampas grass is one of the crops with the highest dry stem yield per unit area. In Europe and the United States, high-density pellets produce heat energy. In addition, silver grass is attracting worldwide attention as a cellulose-based ethanol crop, a next-generation transport fuel, and research on ethanol production using silver grass is being actively conducted. However, in order to increase the cultivated area, it is necessary to overcome the disadvantage that it is not easy to grow. Underground stem cutting method of the conventional pampering growth method is low propagation efficiency and a lot of seedling production costs do not increase the cultivated area much compared to other energy crops such as switchgrass.

Since the present invention has higher growth efficiency and lower seedling production cost compared to the conventional method, it is possible to lower the ratio of seedling costs required for the creation of new pampas grass and increase the planting density as the seedling price is lowered, thereby reducing the economic harvesting period. have. If the soil conditions of the pavement are appropriate, new plow fields can be easily formed by direct insertion of shoots with extended shoots. In addition, when new promising varieties are developed, they can be rapidly expanded and distributed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through examples.

[Example 1] Conditions for cuttings usable as seedlings

The materials used in this example were the silver grass genes such as the silver grass genera, the triple triple silver grass, the giant silver grass # 1 (Accession No. KCTC 11580BP) collected from the National Institute of Crop Science and Energy Bioenergy Crop Center.

When each silver grass grows more than 10 nodes, cutting the top of the stripped bark stretches the shoots at each node below the cut area. Cutting the upper end of the stem is to induce the elongation of the node by apical superiority removal.

Pampas grass has one eye that can develop as a shoot on each node. Therefore, one stem was prepared for each node that cuts the stem, and the length of the entire insertion was 13-15 cm by cutting the leaves with 10-15 cm and 3-5 cm above and below each node. Prepared cuts were classified into young cuts, mature cuts, early kidney shoots and late cuts as shown in FIG. 2.

Fresh leaflets left in the node with young spatter, leaflet died or disappeared as mature spawn, and new shoots in the eyes of the node that did not fully develop but the new leaves did not fully develop. The elongation of the new leaf was developed by the late shoot extension.

The inserts prepared as described above and classified by type are 10 × 10 cm in density so that the nodes attached with snow or shoots enter the ground 3 ~ 5 cm into the ground on a seedbed made of a mixture of sand and ocher in a 1: 3 ratio. Inset. After cutting, water was soaked with sufficient soil once a day, and after 14 days, 20 pieces were excavated for each type of cutting, and rooting rate, rooting, and root length were examined. The rooting rate was the percentage of individuals whose roots were more than 1 mm, and the root number and root length were obtained by dividing the total number and length of roots by the number of individuals. The number and length of shoots, which are the characteristics of above-ground growth, were also determined by dividing the number and length of shoots by the number of individuals.

The results of the rooting patterns of the young, mature, early and late shoots were examined on the seedlings after 14 days, and are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 2.

Figure 2 compares the inserts after 14 days of insertion of young, mature, early and late shoots.

[Table 1] Root and ground growth patterns by type (14-day cutting)

Insertion type Rooting rate (%) Root Count () Length (cm) Number of plants () New height (cm) Young shovel 47 1.9 0.4 1.0 6.5 Mature shovel 70 2.9 0.6 1.0 8.7 Kidney height initial insertion 94 5.5 2.4 1.0 20.3 Late shoot extension 100 10.0 5.2 1.5 25.0

As shown in Table 1, the rooting rate was 47% and 70% in the young and mature cuttings, respectively, but was high at 94% and 100% in the early and late cuttings, respectively. The number of rootings in young and mature cuttings was 1.9 and 2.9, respectively. The root lengths were 0.4 cm and 0.6 cm, respectively, and the rooting patterns were not good. However, in the early and late cutting periods, the number of roots was 5.5 and 10, respectively. Root growth was good at 2.4 cm and 5.2 cm. Kidney height was 6.5 cm and 8.7 cm in young and mature cuttings, respectively, but the seedling quality was good at 20.3 cm and 25.0 cm, respectively.

Example 2 Kidney Elongation Enhancement Method

The effects of cutting the top of the stem on shoot extension of nodes were investigated in order to obtain a good rooting rate and seedling height. When the pampas grows more than 10 nodes, the leaf of each pock will be peeled off naturally. Cut off the upper part of the top bar where the leaf is peeled off. Two weeks later, the number of initial and late incisions was examined.

In order to obtain a high growth rate and seedling height when pruning stems were cut, the upper part of leaf nodes were cut off and 14 days later, compared with the stem without cutting the height of the kidney cuttings. Same as 2.

Figure 3 compares the kidney height of the eye according to whether the cutting of the upper stem. In addition, Figure 4a is a photograph of the harvesting harvested in the untreated stem, Figure 4b is a photograph of the harvested after cutting the upper end.

[Table 2] Number of shoot extension inserts according to cutting of upper part (pieces / week)

Processing contents Kidney height initial insertion Late shoot extension system No treatment One 0 One Upper cut 2 4 6

As shown in Table 2, only one shoot extension was obtained in the untreated stem without cutting the upper end, but six stems were cut in the upper part to confirm that the kidney extension was increased by cutting the upper part.

[Example 3] Response to a Pampasum Species Cutting

Muleoksae native country in wetlands to investigate the applicability of the technology Cutting established by the inventors on a variety of species Miscanthus (Miscanthus sacchariflorus , tetraploid), the late-growth inserts of Miscanthus X giganteus , trilobite 1, and giant pampas grass 1, which are grown as energy crops in foreign countries, were cut for 40 days in the same manner as in Example 2, and the rooting patterns were investigated. It was.

The results of comparing the root growth and ground growth patterns by inserting the late shoot extension of water grass, improved grass, and giant grass 1 for 40 days are shown in FIGS. 5 and 3.

[Table 3] Rooting and Ground Growth Patterns of Late-stage Elongation Cuttings of Pampasum vulgaris

Silver grass species Rooting rate (%) Root Count () Length (cm) Number of plants () New height (cm) Giant Swine No. 1 (quadruple) 100 16 11.7 5 54 Improved Pampas Grass (triple) 100 14 12.1 5 51 Pike (Quad) 100 13 13.9 5 41

As shown in Table 2, both the retrofit and water stilt introduced 100%, the rooting pattern, the rooting pattern, such as rooting roots, rooting roots are good, and the new shoots are long and the number of shoots was not different from that of giant pampas grass.

Therefore, stem cutting method for mass growth of silver grass of the present invention is considered to be able to use not only the giant silver grass No. 1, water silver grass, but also the growth of dry grass, which has a large amount of dry stem production but is impossible to breed seeds.

Mass propagation technology by the pike stem cutting the inventors of the present invention, as shown in Table 4, the number of seedlings per proliferation packaging area is 1,020 / m 2 is significantly higher than 50-100 / m 2 of the method of cutting the subterranean stem. Currently, seedlings have 100 × 100cm of seedling density when constructing new plowing fields in the US and other countries. Therefore, under the stem cutting method, 50 ~ 100㎡ of new packaging can be made from seedlings obtained from 1㎡ in growth packaging, but if it is grown by cutting method using the present invention, it is possible to form new packaging of much larger area with 1,020㎡.

[Table 4] Comparison of the growth efficiency of mass propagation technique (invention) and subcutaneous stem cutting (prior art)

Breeding method Produceable per proliferation package area
Number of seedlings (pcs / ㎡) Plantable Area
(㎡) Remarks Underground stem cutting 50-100 50-100 Once every 2-3 years Cutting 1,020 1,020 Annual production

※ Basis for calculation of breeding efficiency

 Underground stem cutting: Lewandowski et al. (2000). Miscanthus: European experience with a novel energy crop. Biomass and Bioenergy 19: 209-227

 ☞ Cutting method: 170 strains / ㎡ (Scale density survey of native plant stem) × 6 copies / note (see table 2) = 1,020

 ☞ Planting area: Based on planting density 100 × 100㎝

In addition, the underground stem cutting method is multiplied in the soil soil pavement to increase the efficiency of harvesting work, but in the present invention, the soil or mud soil pavement can be used as a pruning pavement, and because it uses the stems on the ground, it is possible to cut every year. Can be harvested and multiplied. Underground stem cutting method uses a rotary tiller to cut the undergrowth when harvesting the seedlings, but the eye of the undergrowth to be developed as sprouts is damaged a lot, but the present invention does not need to use a rotary tiller to expect the advantages of not damaging the eyes. Can be.

Underground stem cutting method has low propagation efficiency, so the planting density can be reduced to save seedlings in new packaging. However, the mass propagation technique by the prunus stem cutting of the present invention can increase the planting density due to the high growth efficiency, so that many stems can be generated even at the beginning of the composition.

1 is a technique developed in Denmark in 2007, a photograph of a breeding and new plow field by cutting pampas grass.

Figure 2a is a comparison of the classification of the young, mature, early and late kidney insertion.

FIG. 2B compares the inserts after 14 days of insertion of young, mature, early and late shoots. FIG.

Figure 3 compares the kidney height of the eye according to whether the cutting of the upper stem.

Figure 4a is a photograph of the harvested harvesting in the untreated stem, Figure 4b is a photograph of the harvested after cutting the upper end.

5 is a photograph comparing the root growth and ground growth patterns by inserting the late shoot extension of water grass, improved grass, and giant grass 1 for 40 days.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the silver grass breeding method of the present invention.

Claims (5)

Cutting the stem top of the pampas grass to induce shoot elongation at each node below the cut; Preparing an insert into the node where said kidney extension is induced; And And inserting the cuttings to produce seedlings. The method of claim 1, The silver grass before cutting the stem upper part is a silver grass that grew more than 10 nodes, mass bloom method of silver grass. The method of claim 1, The shoot elongation-induced nodes are buds elongated in the node eye, but the leaves are not deployed, mass growth method of silver grass. The method of claim 1, The shoot elongation-induced node is a state in which buds are elongated and the leaves are unfolded in the node eye, mass growth method of silver grass. Method of creating a pampas grass field by inserting the cuttings produced in claim 1 directly on the pavement.

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