CN104396660B - Method for improving branch and leaf yield of greater-leaf fast-growing cassia - Google Patents
Method for improving branch and leaf yield of greater-leaf fast-growing cassia Download PDFInfo
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- CN104396660B CN104396660B CN201410561723.9A CN201410561723A CN104396660B CN 104396660 B CN104396660 B CN 104396660B CN 201410561723 A CN201410561723 A CN 201410561723A CN 104396660 B CN104396660 B CN 104396660B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 title abstract 6
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 244000046101 Sophora japonica Species 0.000 claims description 49
- 235000010586 Sophora japonica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 49
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003266 Leaf® Polymers 0.000 description 39
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001495449 Robinia pseudoacacia Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002363 auxin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000005071 geotropism Effects 0.000 description 2
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000018299 prostration Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000521257 Hydrops Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000100205 Robinia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219784 Sophora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the branch and leaf yield of greater-leaf fast-growing cassia. The method comprises the following steps: (1) an appropriate period for greater-leaf fast-growing cassia planting is selected; (2) an appropriate planting site is selected: (3) weeding is carried out; (4) soil plowing and flattening are carried out; (5) a drainage system is constructed; (6) adequate base fertilizer is applied; (7) greater-leaf fast-growing cassia seedlings are prepared; and (8) the greater-leaf fast-growing cassia seedlings are planted with a lodging method. With the method provided by the invention, the branch and leaf yield of fast-growing cassia can be significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to artificial breeding reproduction technique field, more particularly to a kind of side of raising great Ye fast-growing Rumalus sophorae leaf-making quantities
Method.
Background technology
Great Ye fast-growings Chinese scholartree is pulse family robinia deciduous tree, is novel fodder seeds.Great Ye fast-growing Japanese pagodatree leaf pieces are large, blade
Length and width are respectively 2-3 times of common Robinia pseudoacacia L., and the food value of leaf is plump, and single leaf dry weight is 4-6 times of common Robinia pseudoacacia L..Blade is multiple for odd number pinniform
Leaf, alternate, full edge.Lobule is 7-19 piece, oval or oval, two sides Glabrous.Great Ye fast-growings Chinese scholartree is unisexual flower, purplish red
Color, raceme, without stamen, does not bear seeds, main to be bred using kind of a root.
Great Ye fast-growings Chinese scholartree is wide ecological amplitude plant, and the ability with stronger drought-enduring, cold-resistant, resistance to soil depletion is suitable to be born in
6-9 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, year precipitation 500-1200 millimeter climatic province.It is northwest drought in year precipitation 200-400 millimeter, half-dried
Nonirrigated farmland area also normal growth.But it intolerant to water logging, long-time root hydrops then can rotten death.Fast-growing Chinese scholartree also has extremely strong resistance to
Soil depletion ability, no matter sandy soil, barren hill barrenly, Degraded Pastures, flood land, light acid soil and light salt-soda soil, or even for many years
Can grow on slagheap and the sandstone gravel of air slaking.
Great Ye fast-growing Radix sophorae system is huge, has root nodule, and nitrogen fixing capacity is very strong, can effectively improved soil, promote soil fertility.Great Ye
The tiller of fast-growing Chinese scholartree and regeneration capacity are extremely strong, and just pier shape is grown thickly after cradling, the average 10-20 branch of germinating per pier, at most reachable
40 branches.And great Ye fast-growings Chinese scholartree is after plant is cut down, the residual disconnected root system remained in soil also can fast germination growth.
Great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartrees, the title for having " king of leaf feed ", the about 21-25% containing crude protein in great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartree cured leafs, 2 kilograms
Chinese scholartree leaf powder is equivalent to 1 kilogram of soybean cake class crude protein content.4-5.5% containing crude fat, crude fibre 11-15%.Rich in various dimension lifes
Element, trace element and several amino acids, belong to high energy feed.Great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartree stem and leaf is fresh and tender, and quality is soft, good palatability, digestion
Rate is high, the equal eating of all kinds of poultry such as cattle, sheep.And the growth promoter of poultry can be obviously promoted, poultry are had no toxic side effect.
Plantation great Ye fast-growings Chinese scholartree can improve the ecological environment, and can serve as transforming with Radix Saposhnikoviae the Northwest desertification wasteland
Fix the sand, Karst Mountains Desertification Area transformation in southwest had both prevented soil erosion, water conservation to promote local livestock-raising again
The development of industry, while the characteristics of fast-growing Chinese scholartree has simple implantation methods, extensive management and high survival rate again so that it has very big
The market demand, therefore increase the research of fast-growing Chinese scholartree reproduction technique and become the emphasis that current fast-growing Chinese scholartree is studied.
In great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartree proliferations, inventor is since two thousand nine always in the breeding of special item great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartrees
Problem, and applied in terms of method for culturing seedlings 2 patents of invention, but still in the face of how to effectively improve great Ye fast-growings
Chinese scholartree plants the problem of yield, and being this inventor then more stressed to improve the problem of yield since 2012.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of method of raising great Ye fast-growing Rumalus sophorae leaf-making quantities, including such as
Lower step：
(1) suitable age of plantation great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartrees is selected；
(2) suitable plantation place is selected；
(3) weeding；
(4) ploughing soil with it is smooth；
(5) drainage system is set up；
(6) base manure is used sufficient；
(7) great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartree seedlings are prepared；
(8) method that lodges plants the fast-growing Chinese scholartree seedling.
Implement the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, have the advantages that：
1) the branch and leaf yield of fast-growing Chinese scholartree is improved：The flat seed covering of stem is planted, and main root is embedded in soil, can fully absorb moisture and
Nutrient substance, and the leaf bud on stem then can fully grow, because the growth of branch and leaf is respectively provided with negative geotropism, so as to allow for
Fully to aerial stretching, extension, each leaf bud is sufficiently grown each leaf bud, and because leaf bud is in sustained height,
Therefore, the branch and leaf for growing up to are also located essentially on sustained height, so also allow for harvesting.
2) when avoiding branch vertical-growth, the distribution for causing shoot and leaf growth because of the distribution of apical dominance and auxin is not
So that branch and leaf cannot sufficiently grow, but lodge plantation rule avoid such case.
3) seedling raise period is shortened：It is simple.Lodging plantation, it is on the ground leaf bud conveying that the stem of fast-growing Chinese scholartree becomes prostration
The conduit of moisture and nutrient substance, and the conduit and screen casing in these annual stems all physically well develops, with very strong conveying
Newborn branch and leaf are respectively provided with very strong facilitation by the ability of nutrient and moisture in the speed of growth and increment.It is lignified
Directly germinate leaf bud on branch, directly carry out photosynthesis, just reduce the time broken through the soil from soil, while early stage
Photosynthesis have facilitation to root growth, and seedling raise period is also shortened in promotion.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1. great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartrees seedling lodging plantation schematic diagram；
Fig. 2. branch and leaf germinating schematic diagram after the lodging method plantation of great Ye fast-growings Chinese scholartree.
Specific embodiment
Great Ye fast-growings Sophora, without stamen, is only bloomed and is not born seeds in hybridization seeds, unisexual flower, the branch of great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartrees
There is very strong sprouting ability with root system, seedling can be germinated after branch grafting and cuttage, taproot and lateral root can germinate seedling, but
Grafting and cuttage are due to time-consuming, and survival rate is low, less employing, be primarily now carried out using kind of root and seedling it is numerous
Grow, the stem with root is referred to as seedling, main root lateral root referred to as kind of root.
Seedling has lignified stem and a root system, and environmental suitability and plantation survival rate are significantly higher than kind of a root, branch and leaf and
Root system germinating speed is significantly higher than kind of a root.
The harvesting of great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartree seedlings and kind root is excavated and completely fallen off in great Ye fast-growing Japanese pagodatree leaf pieces, and root system stops living
Dynamic, trees are carried out into after rest period, so can ensure that kind of a root activity preserves from.Therefore spring in autumn can be carried out
Nursery stock harvests.Due to dormancy time length, quality is preferable with root is planted for the seedling that spring excavates, and no matter southern and northern, spring harvesting
Seedling and plant root and can be planted, and seedling that autumn excavates and plant root, southern seedling can be planted, and plant root
The method of overlay film nursery can be adopted to be bred, can also tie collection bunchy and be earthed or sand in keep moisture until the spring
Season plants again, but the seedling that northern autumn excavates is planted again with planting after root can only be heeled in until spring soil thaws.Great Ye
, it was also found that seedling transplanting survival rate is higher during plant, it is relatively low to plant root transplanting survival rate, if being used for stony desert for fast-growing Chinese scholartree
Change the restoration of the ecosystem in mountain region, then need using more sturdy seedling, if being used for fodder forest, and be planted in loose soil
On, then both kind of a root can be may also be employed using seedling.
Inventor tries to improve its branch and leaf yield using lodging method after scientific research for many years, as a result finds effect is significant：
The period of a kind of plant
It is the period of lodging method, southern and northern because climatic factor can be different, northern area spring soil thaw it is laggard
OK, the uncongealable area (such as Nanning, Liuzhou etc.) of southern soil in the winter time, can begin preparing in the winter time, it is also possible to
Minimum temperature is planted after reaching 10 DEG C after the Spring Festival, is preferred with the latter.
2 kinds of plant preparations
2.1 place election：In the present invention, lodge planting technology for great Ye fast-growing Rumalus sophorae leaves harvesting, make fodder forest it
With, therefore to the less demanding of place, typically more smooth field can be used as plantation place.
2.2 weedings work.Want place to carry out weed control before nursery, to reduce the crop smothering in fast-growing Chinese scholartree seedling stage, reduce seedling stage
Weeding workload, save labor cost.
2.3 ploughing soils with it is smooth.Because lodging planting technology need to only be buried in the earth on the main root of seedling, after weeding,
Only field need to be carried out simple smooth, pull planting area, and the groove that buries root, and chesson are dug root side is buried, clearly
The debris such as rubble therein, grass roots are managed, to reduce its impact to fast-growing Chinese scholartree root growth.
2.4 set up drainage system.Great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartree drought-resistance abilities are very strong, but intolerant to waterlogging, and meeting in water is immersed in for a long time
Cause root system to rot, therefore when carrying out planting place construction, to have dug gutter, build good drainage system.
2.5 use sufficient base manure.In order to ensure that seedling branch and leaf can vegetate, before the planting with farm manure and compound fertilizer's depth
Basal dressing.
3 fast-growing Chinese scholartree seedlings prepare
Excavated from annual great Ye fast-growings Chinese scholartree, removed branch and leaf, retained branch and main root, cut off lateral root to breed
Be used, by stem retain 3m length, after the completion of by stem cover wet sand to keep humidity, as plantation the fast-growing Chinese scholartree kind
Seedling.
4 lodging method plantations
The lodging of fast-growing Chinese scholartree is lain in into smooth good ground, in the groove that main root embedment has been dug in advance, stem is then all
Lodge and lie against on ground, and root is covered into soil and tread.Through scientific research on the spot for many years, a set of empirical parameter is found out：
During plantation, the distance between fast-growing Chinese scholartree seedling lodging branch is 40cm, and line-spacing is planted for 60cm, and mu plants 500-600 strains.This
The consumption for greatly reducing seedling is vertically planted relative to seedling, while preferable branch and leaf can be obtained by the present invention program producing
Amount.Correlation plantation schematic diagram is referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
5 final-period managements
1) the suitable humidity of soil is kept. after seedling lodging method is planted, Jing often to water to keep seedling root soil
Enough humidity, while also to prevent rainfall from causing damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, performs drainage works.
2) weeding.Although great Ye fast-growing Rumalus sophorae leaves growth fraction is very fast, the too fast growth of grass can affect great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartrees
Growth, therefore, before the envelope row closing of fast-growing Chinese scholartree, at least just can guarantee that branch and leaf grow well except careless twice.
3) deinsectization.Because the branch and leaf of great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartrees have abundant nutritive value, therefore, its insect pest also occurs often,
Therefore, when damaged by vermin is found, to be effected a radical cure in time.
The present invention has the following technical effect that：
1) the branch and leaf yield of fast-growing Chinese scholartree is improved.The flat seed covering of stem is planted, and main root is embedded in soil, can fully absorb moisture and
Nutrient substance, and the leaf bud on stem then can fully grow, because the growth of branch and leaf is respectively provided with negative geotropism, so as to allow for
Fully to aerial stretching, extension, each leaf bud is sufficiently grown each leaf bud, and because leaf bud is in sustained height,
Therefore, the branch and leaf for growing up to are also located essentially on sustained height, so also allow for harvesting.
2) when avoiding branch vertical-growth, the distribution for causing shoot and leaf growth because of the distribution of apical dominance and auxin is not
So that branch and leaf cannot sufficiently grow, but lodge plantation rule avoid such case.
3) seedling raise period is shortened.It is simple.Lodging plantation, it is on the ground leaf bud conveying that the stem of fast-growing Chinese scholartree becomes prostration
The conduit of moisture and nutrient substance, and the conduit and screen casing in these annual stems all physically well develops, with very strong conveying
Newborn branch and leaf are respectively provided with very strong facilitation by the ability of nutrient and moisture in the speed of growth and increment.It is lignified
Directly germinate leaf bud on branch, directly carry out photosynthesis, while the time broken through the soil from soil is decreased, while early
The photosynthesis of phase have facilitation to root growth, and seedling raise period is also shortened in promotion.
Above disclosed is only some preferred embodiments of the invention, and the interest field of the present invention is not limited with this,
Therefore the equivalent variations made according to the claims in the present invention, still fall within the scope that the present invention is covered.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of raising great Ye fast-growing Rumalus sophorae leaf-making quantities, it is characterised in that：
(1) suitable age of plantation great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartrees is selected；
(2) suitable plantation place is selected；
(3) weeding；
(4) ploughing soil with it is smooth；
(5) drainage system is set up；
(6) base manure is used sufficient；
(7) great Ye fast-growing Chinese scholartree seedlings are prepared；
(8) method that lodges plants the fast-growing Chinese scholartree seedling；
Wherein, step (8) is：Fast-growing Chinese scholartree seedling lodging is lain in into smooth good ground, main root embedment is dug in advance
Groove in, then all lodging lies against on ground stem, and root is covered into soil treads；
During plantation, the distance between described fast-growing Chinese scholartree seedling lodging branch is 40cm, and line-spacing is planted for 60cm, and mu plants 500-
600 plants.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) is：In the winter time the area of soil freezing, treats its solution
Plant after jelly；In the winter time the uncongealable area of soil, then select the lowest temperature to plant after reaching 10 °.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) is：Using more smooth field or hillside as
Plantation place.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that step (4) is：Field is carried out simple smooth, pull plantation
Region, and dig the groove that buries root, and chesson, cleaning wherein debris root side is buried.
5. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that step (7) is：Dug from annual great Ye fast-growings Chinese scholartree
Pick, removes branch and leaf, retains branch and main root, cuts off lateral root and is used with doing breeding, and stem is retained into the length of 3m, after the completion of will be main
Stem covers wet sand to keep humidity, the fast-growing Chinese scholartree seedling as plantation.
6. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that also comprise the steps：
(9) final-period management, including 1) keep the suitable humidity of soil；2) weeding；3) deinsectization.
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| CN201410561723.9A CN104396660B (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2014-10-21 | Method for improving branch and leaf yield of greater-leaf fast-growing cassia |
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| CN201410561723.9A CN104396660B (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2014-10-21 | Method for improving branch and leaf yield of greater-leaf fast-growing cassia |
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| CN113575251B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-09-20 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Method for planting branch and leaf-producing woody plants with nutrition piles |
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| CN102870566A (en) * | 2012-10-07 | 2013-01-16 | 刘万顺 | Mulberry orchard establishment method by level planting of overall mulberry seedlings |
| CN103004430B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-12-03 | 柳州师范高等专科学校 | Large-leave fast-growing locust tree mother root cutting and seedling method |
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Effective date of registration: 20170221 Address after: 510660 Guangdong city of Guangzhou province Tianhe District Jubei East Ancestral Temple Street No. 2 East Building Room 435 Applicant after: Li Chao Address before: 966 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region No. 546100 Laibin City Avenue North Applicant before: Liuzhou Teachers College |
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Inventor after: Feng Zaixin Inventor after: Jiang Dongwei Inventor before: Qian Shanqin |
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Effective date of registration: 20170301 Address after: Hangzhou City, Zhejiang province Xiaoshan District Chengxiang street 311200 Xiao Highway No. 54 Applicant after: Hangzhou Tiankai Municipal Gardening Engineering Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510660 Guangdong city of Guangzhou province Tianhe District Jubei East Ancestral Temple Street No. 2 East Building Room 435 Applicant before: Li Chao |
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