KR100968541B1 - 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치 - Google Patents
연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100968541B1 KR100968541B1 KR1020080066703A KR20080066703A KR100968541B1 KR 100968541 B1 KR100968541 B1 KR 100968541B1 KR 1020080066703 A KR1020080066703 A KR 1020080066703A KR 20080066703 A KR20080066703 A KR 20080066703A KR 100968541 B1 KR100968541 B1 KR 100968541B1
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 113
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
종래기술 | 본 발명 | |
수증기/탄소 비 | 3.0 | 2.5 |
CO변성기 온도 | 200~280℃ | 200~230℃ |
CO제거기 온도 | 100~180℃ | 100~140℃ |
버너 연소가스 온도 | 150~180℃ | 60~100℃ |
40 : 단열재
Claims (30)
- 개질가스배출구가 상부 정점에 형성된 돔형 개질기와;상기 개질기의 외주를 둘러싸는 열회수층과;상기 개질기의 내측 공간에 설치된 버너와;상기 개질기의 내주면에 근접 설치되어 연소가스배출통로를 형성하는 전열격벽과;상기 열회수층의 외측에 설치되고, 상기 열회수층에 연결되어 개질가스가 배출되는 내측관과, 상기 개질기의 하단에 연결되어 반응물이 투입되는 중간관과, 상기 연소가스배출통로에 연결되어 버너 연소가스가 배출되는 외측관으로 이루어진 3중관열교환기와;상기 열회수층을 둘러쌈과 더불어 내부 공간을 상부공간과 하부공간으로 구획하는 단열재와;상기 상부공간에 설치된 CO변성기;를 포함하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 CO변성기는 원통형의 전단반응기와, 그 내부에 삽입되는 후단반응기로 이루어지고, 상기 전단반응기에 상기 3중관열교환기의 내측관이 연결되며, 상기 전단반응기와 후단반응기의 하단이 연결되고, 상기 후단반응기의 상단에 변성가스배출구가 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변 환장치.
- 청구항 2에 있어서, 상기 CO변성기의 촉매는 운전온도 200~280℃ 범위에서 연속 사용이 가능한 촉매인 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 2에 있어서, 상기 전단반응기와 후단반응기의 사이에 내측관과 외측관으로 이루어진 2중관열교환기가 밀착상태로 삽입되고, 상기 내측관과 외측관의 하단은 상호 연결되며, 상기 내측관의 상단에 반응물유입구가 형성되고, 상기 외측관의 상단이 상기 3중관열교환기의 중간관과 연결된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 2에 있어서, 상기 3중관열교환기의 외측관 상단에는 연소가스배출구가 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 4에 있어서, 상기 3중관열교환기와 2중관열교환기의 관들을 통과하는 유체는 인접한 관의 관을 통과하는 유체와 상호 역류관계를 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 열회수층에 전열성능의 증대를 위하여 세라믹재질의 전열물질이 충진된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 4에 있어서, 상기 3중관열교환기와 2중관열교환기의 내부에 ss-wool(stainless steel wool) 재질의 전열물질이 충진된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 개질기의 하단과 3중관열교환기의 중간관의 하단 사이에 확산층이 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 버너의 화염이 확산층과 개질기 촉매층의 경계에 위치된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 개질기의 촉매층이 하부의 저온촉매층과 상부의 고온촉매층으로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 11에 있어서, 상기 저온촉매층은 탄소 석출을 방지하기 위한 소량의 전처리 촉매층이고, 상기 고온촉매층은 다량의 주 개질반응층으로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 11에 있어서, 버너 화염은 상기 저온촉매층과 고온촉매층의 사이에 위치된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 2에 있어서, 상기 3중관열교환기와 CO변성기의 전단반응기 사이에 전열장치가 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 4에 있어서, 상기 2중관열교환기의 내측관과 외측관의 사이에 전열장치가 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 3중관열교환기 외측관의 반경방향 외측에 상기 외측관과 상호 상단부가 연결된 최외측관이 설치되고, 상기 최외측관의 외주면에 물증발기가 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 16에 있어서, 상기 물증발기는 하단에 물공급구가 형성되고, 상단에 수증기배출구가 형성되며, 그 수증기배출구가 3중관열교환기 중간관의 중간 부분에 연결된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 16에 있어서, 상기 물증발기의 내부에는 다수의 층상 유로를 형성하는 구획판들이 설치되고, 이들 구획판들을 상하방향으로 가로지르는 차단판이 설치되며, 상기 차단판을 중심으로 각 구획판에 좌우 반복하여 이동통로가 형성되어, 복층구조의 순환유로가 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 18에 있어서, 상기 물증발기와 밀착된 최외측관의 내부가 상기 물증발기와 동일한 구조로 이루어지고, 그 내부를 흐르는 버너 연소가스와 물증발기의 수증기가 역류관계를 이루는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 16에 있어서, 상기 물증발기와 상기 최외측관의 내부에 ss-wool 재질의 전열물질이 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 18에 있어서, 상기 차단판 양측의 상기 이동통로 외측부에 타공판이 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 16에 있어서, 상기 3중관열교환기의 중간관의 외주면에 접하여 CO제거기가 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 22에 있어서, 상기 CO제거기는 원통형의 장치로서, 상단에 형성된 변성가스유입구가 상기 후단반응기의 변성가스배출구에 연결되고, 하단에 형성된 정화가스배출구가 스택의 연료극에 연결되며, 상기 변성가스유입구의 이전 부분에 공기유입구가 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 22에 있어서, 상기 CO제거기의 내부에 원주방향을 따라 상단부착배플 과 하단부착배플이 반복 설치되어 상하 왕복 경로가 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 16에 있어서, 상기 물증발기가 최외측관의 외주면 상부에 설치되고, 하부에는 버너로 공급되는 공기와 연료가스를 예열하는 연소반응물예열기가 설치되며, 상기 최외측관의 내주면에 스택의 연료극에서 배출된 오프가스를 예열하는 스택오프가스예열기가 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 25에 있어서, 상기 연소반응물예열기와 스택오프가스예열기의 내부는 상기 물증발기와 동일한 구조로 이루어지고, 그 내부 유동은 상기 최외측관의 버너 연소가스의 유동과 역류관계를 이루는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 16에 있어서, 상기 물증발기의 수증기배출구가 2중관열교환기 내측관의 반응물유입구로 연결된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 16에 있어서, 상기 물증발기의 수증기배출구가 상기 중간관의 상단에 연결된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 23에 있어서, 상기 CO변성기 후단반응기의 변성가스배출구와 상기 CO제거기의 변성가스유입구 사이의 변성가스 공급통로상에 물예열기가 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
- 청구항 29에 있어서, 상기 물예열기의 물배출관이 상기 물증발기의 물공급구에 연결된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지시스템의 연료변환장치.
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KR20230040623A (ko) | 2021-09-16 | 2023-03-23 | 이재종 | 연료전지의 코일형 개질 반응시스템 |
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KR102439812B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-01 | 2022-09-02 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 연료 개질 장치 |
DE102018210409A1 (de) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-02 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren zur Bereitstellung von Synthesegas mit Hilfe einer zusätzlichen induktiven Heizung |
DE102018213463A1 (de) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-02-13 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren zur Bereitstellung von Synthesegas mit Hilfe einer zusätzlichen elektrischen Heizung |
WO2020103995A1 (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2020-05-28 | Blue World Technologies Holding ApS | Fuel cell system, its use and method of its operation |
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KR102323731B1 (ko) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-11-11 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 수소 생산용 다연료 개질 시스템 |
CN113394428B (zh) * | 2020-03-11 | 2022-05-10 | 宇通客车股份有限公司 | 一种燃料电池余热管理系统及其控制方法 |
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