KR100484563B1 - A scrubber apparatus for processing noxious gases and fine dusts simultaneously - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an exhaust gas scrubber system capable of treating gas and fine dust at the same time, with a variable air volume control plate of the inlet portion of the exhaust gas, it is possible to control the air volume, flow rate control and the air flow speed, the disc installed in each reactor cylinder The wind direction control blade can adjust the direction of the vortex air, reverse direction, and angle adjustment, which also increases the gas-liquid contact increase effect, ie, the diffusion coefficient, in the reverse direction of the flow velocity, air volume, and rotational speed of each body. Is equipped with a turbidity sensor to detect the turbidity of the cleaning solution and foresee the time of exchange of the cleaning liquid and to separate the harmful substances to prevent evaporation and mixing with the cleaning liquid in the lower reservoir of the removed harmful substances. Lower isolation hopper, cleaning liquid injector, and gaseous separation of upper outlet to prevent contact It consists of a plate.

Description

A scrubber apparatus for processing noxious gases and fine dusts simultaneously}

The present invention uses a wet scrubber to remove odors and harmful gases by forming a liquid film or liquid droplets by a cleaning liquid sprayed by a nozzle, and has a gas removal function and a dust removal function of a conventional dry and wet scrubber. Absorption of gas and droplets by increasing the number of rotational air flows by increasing the centrifugal force and in-cylinder air flow time by vortex airflow, without the use of chemical neutralizers and filling or liquid film forming plates. Or by treating gas and dust at the same time in such a manner that gas or dust is collected in the droplet due to forced collision by the acceleration centrifugal force of the air stream and the high-speed injection cleaning liquid, not neutralized by the chemical reaction of the gas and the droplet. Fillings and droplets can be avoided when vortex wet scrubbers are used. Since the demister is not necessary to separate, it does not cause a problem due to the scaling of the filler, and since the self-cleaning is performed inside the main body by the internal nozzle spraying the cleaning liquid at high speed, maintenance is virtually unnecessary. On the other hand, used in the prior art

1. The dry scrubber is a method of removing gas by filling the scrubber with a neutral adsorbent with good degassing performance. The dry scrubber has excellent gas removal efficiency and high adaptability to inflow gas concentration, The pressure loss is large, there is a disadvantage in that the degassing phenomenon occurs in the filling layer to reduce the gas removal efficiency. In addition, in the process in which high concentration of gas is introduced, its life is short, so it is necessary to frequently replace the neutralizing adsorbent or filler, and there is a disadvantage in that it is large in size, resulting in a large amount of waste. Since there is no dust removal function in dry scrubber, the air scrubber operation process for dust removal is essential to dry scrubber shearing process.

2. Wet scrubber is a technology in which gas is absorbed by the liquid film by the filling material or the plate by the cleaning liquid sprayed by the nozzle and by the sprayed droplet to remove odor and harmful gas. At this time, the cleaning liquid used is water or a neutralized adsorbent. Wet scrubbers are classified into spray towers, packed towers, cyclone scrubbers, venturi scrubbers, etc., according to their removal principles. The spray tower is a simple method of removing dust with sufficient contact time between the rising contaminant gas and the droplets of the cleaning liquid sprayed from the top, and has a low pressure loss but low removal efficiency. The packed tower is widely used for the treatment of harmful gases due to its good efficiency, but the scale is formed in the filler, which leads to an increase in pressure loss.

The present invention provides a scrubber device for removing harmful emissions using high-speed vortex airflow to remove and process gas and dust with high efficiency by supplementing the gas removal function and dust removal function of the conventional dry and wet scrubber. In addition, since the vortex-type wet scrubber is used, the demister for separating the filler and the droplet is unnecessary, and the internal nozzle for spraying the cleaning liquid at high speed without causing problems due to the scaling of the filler is self-cleaned. This makes it possible to virtually eliminate maintenance and have a high recovery rate, so that the hazardous materials are expensive and can be recovered and reused. In addition, according to the present invention employing a vortex wet scrubber, the cleaning liquid is used, so that the cleaning liquid becomes turbid by gas and dust. Thus, a turbidity sensor for measuring the degree of turbidity of the cleaning liquid is installed at an intermediate height of the cleaning liquid. It always detects and displays by LED or other display device to collect the high concentration of harmful substances collected and to always supply clean cleaning liquid.

In the present invention, the inlet gas introduced by the gas inlet fan has a gas flow including dust in the tangential direction of the main body, and the gas flow formed therein is optimal for the inlet gas inside the scrubber to maintain a constant gas inflow rate and inflow amount. To determine the number of revolutions to apply the residence time, the inflow blades, which are non-expandable variable flow rate control plates, are installed, and the efficiency of collecting harmful substances is increased by introducing gas into the cylinder at the optimum flow rate and quantity for each gas phase. The noise generated by the gas flow is minimized. As such, the perfect gas-liquid contact is achieved by the forced collision of the high-speed Vortex airflow gas flowing into the cylinder with the cleaning liquid spray pump at a high speed by the cleaning liquid spray pump at the optimum speed and the amount of gas. The efficiency is very high and the amount of cleaning solution used is less than that of other facilities, resulting in less wastewater generation, and the collected harmful substances are reused in high concentration or less waste when disposed. Conventional scrubbers are essential for the selection of fillers for each gas phase, neutralizing adsorbents, and stirring devices for use thereof, but the scrubber according to the present invention can simultaneously process various shapes of dust and gas in the same way, thereby simplifying the process. As a result, facility investment costs and operation costs can be significantly reduced.

Another feature of the present invention is that the organic compound having a lower specific gravity than the cleaning liquid in the liquid mixed with the cleaning liquid generated during the removal process as well as the general gas and dust removal function is present in the upper layer of the cleaning liquid, thereby recovering the organic solvent. To provide a vortex scrubber that can be applied to the separation and recovery of volatile organic compounds.

The vortex-type scrubber according to the present invention has a gas inlet and a vortex airflow having an inflow fan for introducing solid particles and a gaseous or vaporous exhaust gas in the tangential direction of the main body, and a variable air flow control plate for adjusting the air flow rate and flow rate. A cylinder blade (main body; cylinder) to form and a disk blade to reverse the flow of gas at the top of each reactor and control the amount of gas flow, nozzle and upper outlet for spraying the cleaning liquid with gas or dust at high speed, orthogonal It consists of a collision disc for gas-liquid separation. Below, the components of the vortex wet scrubber will be described in detail.

The exhaust gas inlet fan 1 serves to introduce harmful gas containing dust into the scrubber from the source of the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas inlet portion maintains an optimal gas inflow rate and the amount of gas and provides airflow inside the scrubber. Inlet blades (2), which are non-expandable air flow control plates, are installed to determine the number of rotations of the gas, so that the gas flowing into the reactor can maintain the optimum tangential velocity and centripetal velocity in a constant density environment without turbulence or molecular diffusion. It is possible to minimize the noise caused by the fluctuation of the gas flow. In the first reactor (3), which is the lower part of the cylinder into which the gas is first introduced, dust and harmful gas are removed by collision between the cleaning liquid sprayed by the cleaning liquid spray nozzle (14) and the high speed vortex airflow in the reactor. The excess dust and gas which are not removed are passed through the variable air volume control first blade 15 which reverses the flow of air flow into the second reactor 4 in the cylinder, and the dust and noxious gas are discharged again in the second reactor. Have a chance to remove. The number of stages of the reactor in the cylinder (main body) can be changed from one stage to multiple stages as needed to obtain the scrubber dust and harmful gas removal efficiency or to obtain cleaner gas, and the final treated gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the outlet (7). Discharged. The cleaning liquid spray pump 9 serves to evenly spray the cleaning liquid stored in the lower part of the cylinder into each reactor in the cylinder at a proper amount and optimum pressure for each gas or dust property through the injection nozzle. The cleaning liquid 10 is circulated and supplied through the cleaning liquid spray pump 8, and comes into contact with the vortex airflow and falls down or descends through the cylinder wall, and the cleaning liquid descends through the funnel structure. Flows directly into the bottom of). In this case, the outside air is discharged by the evaporation inside the cylinder that is generated when the operation is stopped by preventing the harmful substances re-emerged back into the cylinder due to evaporation. In addition, the turbidity of the cleaning solution can be greatly reduced by separating the lower separation reservoir into the solvent recovery line and minimizing the introduction of harmful substances directly into the cleaning liquid spray pump inlet. In addition, among the turbid and various components of the cleaning liquid introduced from each reactor in the cylinder, a solution having a specific gravity higher than that of the initially injected cleaning liquid stays at the bottom of the cleaning liquid chamber, and a solution having a lower specific gravity than the cleaning liquid is collected at the top of the cleaning liquid. The inlet of the cleaning liquid spray pump 8 is spaced apart from the inflow portion of the turbid cleaning liquid flowing through the funnel-like structure, and is installed at a position where a cleaner cleaning liquid exists (an intermediate layer having the same specific gravity as the cleaning liquid). The cleaning liquid was continuously introduced into the cylinder to be sprayed, and the material having a higher specific gravity than the cleaning liquid is present at the bottom of the bottom. When the turbidity sensor is operated, the cleaning valve is supplied from the bottom of the scrubber to the top of each stage. The low specific gravity material is present in the upper part of the cleaning liquid, and is collected as a separate storage tank for harmful substances at the bottom of the funnel structure. In addition, the present invention was installed in the same turbidity sensor at the same position as the inlet of the cleaning liquid spray pump (8) to always monitor the turbidity of the cleaning liquid. There is a display unit for comparing the electrical signal generated by the turbidity sensor with a predetermined reference value (a value set by an experiment) indicating that the cleaning liquid has been replaced or indicating turbidity of the cleaning liquid. The turbidity display unit is simply considering the economical efficiency turbidity sensor, Op-Amp. It consists of and LED, and the display unit with more various functions is composed of micro-pro sensor and LCD of a single chip to detect turbidity of the cleaning liquid and then display the turbidity of the cleaning liquid on the display and compare it with the preset reference value. A turbidity sensor having a function of operating a switching means for driving a cleaning liquid spray pump when the turbidity of the cleaning liquid is below the reference value and operating after replacing the cleaning liquid or filtering with a filter when the cleaning liquid is above the reference value is implemented. In the case of the organic solvent remaining in the liquid phase in the upper portion of the cleaning solution of the various specific gravity generated by mixing the inlet gas, dust and the cleaning liquid introduced through the gas inlet fan is a structure that can be recovered through a separate recovery line (20). .

Example

The measurement experiment of the exhaust gas was measured before and after the operation of the vortex-type exhaust gas purification scrubber device using water as a cleaning liquid and combining the components of the present invention described above. The measurement position in this experiment was measured at the exhaust gas inlet (2) and the outlet (7). Dust contained in the exhaust gas was measured by a cylindrical filter using a CAE-Stac Sampler apparatus, and gas components and volatile organic compounds were measured by a gas analyzer. Table 1 shows the removal of dust, SO ₂ , HCl, benzene, and toluene before and after the operation of the vortex-based exhaust scrubber system. Therefore, it can be seen that the device is very excellent in removing dust and organic solvents.

The effect of the invention described above is

1) High efficiency treatment of dust, gas and organic solvent at the same time

2) Facility investment and maintenance costs are low because internal fillers and neutralizing adsorbents are not used.

3) The amount of waste water generated is small due to the high turn-down ratio of the cleaning liquid.

4) It is possible to recover and reuse expensive solvents and organic solvents.

5) Since it is self-cleaned through the nozzle, there is no anxiety of the process due to corrosion.

6) Even if the source of concentration is high, the wind volume is small and investment costs are low.

7) By detecting the turbidity of the cleaning solution, it is always possible to supply clean cleaning solution.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a scrubber device for purifying exhaust gas.

Figure 2 is a configuration diagram of the direction keys of the wind direction control first / second plate.

One; Exhaust gas inlet fan, 2; Variable air volume control plate,

3; A first reactor 4 at the bottom of the cylinder; A second reactor in the cylinder,

5; A third reactor in cylinder, 6; Collision disk for gas-liquid separation at the upper outlet,

7; Outlet, 8; Cleaning liquid spray volume control valve,

9; Cleaning liquid spray pump, 10; Clean cleaning liquid,

11; Funnel structure, 12; Turbidity sensor,

13; A cleaning liquid turbidity display section 14; Cleaning liquid spray nozzle,

15; Wind direction control first blade, 16; Wind direction control blade 2,

17; Cylinder body, 18; Dust + Hazardous Gases,

19; Direction keys of the first and second blades,

20; Organic Solvent Recovery Line

Claims (6)

In the exhaust gas purification scrubber device using a vortex system having a cylindrical multi-stage reactor, A gas inlet fan for introducing solid particles, gas and vapor exhaust gas into the first reactor in the cylinder in a predetermined amount and in a desired direction; In order to induce the combination of the vortex airflow and the cleaning liquid formed by the gas introduced by the gas inlet fan, the cleaning liquid stored in the lower part of the cylinder is sprayed evenly in multiple directions through nozzles in each reactor in the cylinder to raise dust and harmful gas. Cleaning liquid spray pump, A turbidity sensor installed at the same position as the cleaning liquid spray pump and detecting turbidity of the cleaning liquid; An LED (indicator) indicating that the cleaning solution needs to be replaced when the cleaning solution has a high turbidity by comparing the electrical signal measured by the turbidity sensor with a preset reference signal (turbidity reference value); Gas and dust introduced into the first reactor under the cylinder by the gas inlet fan and the cleaning liquid sprayed by the cleaning liquid spray pump induce as many collisions as possible by the vortex airflow formed by the gas inlet fan and are harmful by gravity. A first reactor in the cylinder for removing gas and dust, When the inlet gas is moved from the first reactor in the cylinder to the second reactor of the upper portion, the first blade is installed to guide the flow of the inlet gas at the same time and adjust the amount of gas inlet; The gas introduced into the second reactor in the cylinder through the first blade moves in the direction opposite to the air flow in the first reactor, and the residual harmful gas in the second reactor and the cleaning liquid sprayed through the dust and the nozzle are as much as possible. A second reactor in the cylinder that induces a collision and removes harmful gases and dust, A second blade provided with an directional key and installed to induce a flow of inflow gas when the inflow gas moves from the second reactor in the cylinder to the upper third reactor and to control the gas inflow amount; The gas introduced into the third reactor in the cylinder through the second blade moves in the opposite direction to the air flow in the second reactor, inducing as much collision as possible with the cleaning liquid sprayed through the gas and the dust and the nozzle in the second reactor. A third reactor in the cylinder to remove harmful gases and dust, Combined with the third reactor and the exhaust of the top of the cylinder to induce a collision between the vortex airflow formed in the third reactor and the plate with the directional key to remove the gas and dust once more and at the same time to remove the direction and flow of the exhaust gas Inducing gas exhaust, Collision between the vortex airflow and the cleaning liquid formed by the gas inlet fan and the gas and dust dropped by gravity to the lower portion of the cleaning liquid to minimize turbidity of the cleaning liquid and a layer of a material having a higher specific gravity and a lower specific gravity than the cleaning liquid A funnel-like structure that naturally leads to the presence of a cleaner cleaning liquid in the input portion of the cleaning liquid supply pump, And an organic solvent recovery line capable of recovering an organic solvent having a specific gravity lower than that of the cleaning liquid. The method of claim 1, The cleaning liquid injection nozzle is a scrubber device for exhaust gas purification, characterized in that the injection in both directions or multi-direction to maximize the removal of gas and dust. The method of claim 1, The comparison between the signal detected by the turbidity sensor and the reference value already set comprises an Op-Amp. (Operation Amplifier) or a micro-pro sensor. The method of claim 1, The lower part of the funnel-type structure is formed to be separated from the input portion of the cleaning liquid spray pump by a predetermined distance to supply a cleaner cleaning liquid, the exhaust gas purification scrubber device. The method of claim 1 A scrubber device for purification of exhaust gas, characterized in that it comprises one or more variable reverse rotation induction blades that reversely rotate the inflow stream when the inflow gas moves from the first reactor to the second reactor or the multistage reactor. The method of claim 1, The number of stages of the reactor in the cylinder is scrubber device for purification of exhaust gas, characterized in that installed in one or multiple stages as necessary.