JPWO2019044748A1 - 半導体モジュール及び電力変換装置 - Google Patents
半導体モジュール及び電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2019044748A1 JPWO2019044748A1 JP2019539480A JP2019539480A JPWO2019044748A1 JP WO2019044748 A1 JPWO2019044748 A1 JP WO2019044748A1 JP 2019539480 A JP2019539480 A JP 2019539480A JP 2019539480 A JP2019539480 A JP 2019539480A JP WO2019044748 A1 JPWO2019044748 A1 JP WO2019044748A1
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- semiconductor switching
- control pattern
- switching elements
- wire
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Abstract
Description
図1及び図2は、本実施の形態1に従う電力用半導体モジュール100の第1の構成例を説明する概略的な電気回路図である。
実施の形態2では、ゲート制御パターン10の形状によって、ゲート間のインダクタンスを高める構成について説明する。実施の形態2以降では、実施の形態1との共通部分については説明を繰り返さないこととする。
並列接続される半導体スイッチング素子の個数が増加すると、同一の絶縁基板に搭載する場合には、基板サイズが大きくなる。絶縁基板が大型化すると、応力による亀裂や割れの発生率が上昇すること、及び、組立工程以降でチップが劣化又は破壊された場合に絶縁基板単位で不良品となってしまうことから、歩留まりの低下が懸念される。
実施の形態4では、並列接続される半導体スイッチング素子のソースパッド間の配線インダクタンスを低減させることによって、ゲート発振の低減又は抑制効果を高める構成について説明する。実施の形態4においても、実施の形態1及び2と同様に、各素子搭載基板200の構成について説明する。
実施の形態5では、実施の形態1〜4で示した電力用半導体モジュールを用いた、電力変換装置の上下アームの構成例を説明する。
実施の形態3〜5では、複数の素子搭載基板(絶縁基板)を用いて電力用半導体モジュールを構成する例を説明し、特に実施の形態5では、複数の絶縁基板上に搭載された複数の半導体スイッチング素子によって電力変換装置の上下アームを構成する、いわゆる、2in1モジュールの構成例を説明した。これに対して、実施の形態6では、1つの絶縁基板上に、上下アームを構成する複数の半導体スイッチング素子を搭載した構成例について説明する。
実施の形態では、上述した実施の形態1〜6に従う電力用半導体モジュールを適用した電力変換装置について説明する。本発明は特定の電力変換装置に限定されるものではないが、以下、実施の形態7では、三相のインバータに、本実施の形態に従う電力用半導体モジュールを適用した場合について説明する。
実施の形態7では、上述した実施の形態1〜6に従う電力用半導体モジュールを適用した電力変換装置について説明する。本発明は特定の電力変換装置に限定されるものではないが、以下、実施の形態7では、三相のインバータに、本実施の形態に従う電力用半導体モジュールを適用した場合について説明する。
Claims (24)
- 並列動作する複数の半導体スイッチング素子を備える半導体モジュールであって、
前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子が搭載された絶縁基板を備え、
前記絶縁基板上には、前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子に共通に、前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子の駆動回路と電気的に接続される主電極制御パターン及び制御電極制御パターンが設けられ、
前記半導体モジュールは、
前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子の各々に対応して設けられた、当該半導体スイッチング素子の主電極と電気的に接続された主電極パッド、並びに、前記主電極パッド及び前記主電極制御パターンを電気的に接続する第1のワイヤと、
前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子の各々に対応して設けられた、当該半導体スイッチング素子の制御電極と電気的に接続された制御電極パッド、並びに、前記制御電極パッド及び前記制御電極制御パターンを電気的に接続する第2のワイヤとを備え、
前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子の各々の前記主電極パッド間において前記第1のワイヤ及び前記主電極制御パターンを経由して形成される第1の経路の配線インダクタンスに対して、前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子の各々の前記制御電極パッド間において前記第2のワイヤ及び前記制御電極制御パターンを経由して形成される第2の経路の配線インダクタンスの方が大きい、半導体モジュール。 - 前記絶縁基板上において、前記制御電極制御パターンは、前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子の配置領域に対して、前記主電極制御パターンを挟んで配置される、請求項1記載の半導体モジュール。
- 前記制御電極制御パターンは、前記半導体スイッチング素子及び前記主電極パッドが搭載された前記絶縁基板とは別個の絶縁基板に搭載され、
前記第2のワイヤは、異なる前記絶縁基板に搭載された前記制御電極制御パターン及び前記制御電極パッドの間を電気的に接続する、請求項1記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記制御電極制御パターンの幅は、前記主電極制御パターンの幅よりも狭い、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体モジュール。
- 前記制御電極制御パターンの幅は、前記第2のワイヤが接続される箇所において、前記主電極制御パターンの幅よりも狭い、請求項4記載の半導体モジュール。
- 前記絶縁基板上において、前記制御電極制御パターンは、前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子に対して、前記主電極制御パターンよりも近接して配置され、
前記制御電極制御パターンのうちの少なくとも前記第2のワイヤが接続される箇所の幅が前記主電極制御パターンの幅よりも狭い、請求項1記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記第1のワイヤの断面積に対して、前記第2のワイヤの断面積は小さい、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の半導体モジュール。
- 前記制御電極制御パターンは、単一の前記絶縁基板又は複数個の前記絶縁基板を用いて複数個設けられ、
前記複数個の前記制御電極制御パターンは、パターン間ワイヤによって電気的に接続される、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子は、自然数であるnについて、2n個又は(2n+1)個配置され、
前記複数個の制御電極制御パターンは、
前記第2のワイヤによって前記2n個又は(2n+1)個の半導体スイッチング素子の各々の前記制御電極パッドと接続される第1の制御電極制御パターンと、
前記パターン間ワイヤによって前記第1の制御電極制御パターンと接続される第2の制御電極制御パターンとを含み、
前記第1の制御電極制御パターンにおける前記パターン間ワイヤとの第1の接続箇所は、前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子について、当該第1の接続箇所及び、前記第1の制御電極制御パターンにおける前記第2のワイヤとの第2の接続箇所の距離が等しくなる半導体スイッチング素子の組がn個生じるように位置決めされる、請求項8記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子は、複数個の前記絶縁基板に分散して搭載され、
各前記絶縁基板において、前記制御電極制御パターン及び前記主電極制御パターンは、当該絶縁基板に搭載された前記半導体スイッチング素子に共通に設けられ、
前記第1及び第2のワイヤは、各前記絶縁基板において、当該絶縁基板に搭載された前記半導体スイッチング素子の各々に対応して設けられ、
前記半導体モジュールは、
前記複数個の前記絶縁基板間で前記主電極制御パターン同士を電気的に接続する第3のワイヤと、
前記複数個の前記絶縁基板間で前記制御電極制御パターン同士を電気的に接続する第4のワイヤとをさらに備え、
前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子のうちの、前記複数個の絶縁基板のうちの第1及び第2の絶縁基板にそれぞれ搭載された、第1及び第2の半導体スイッチング素子の前記主電極パッド間において、前記第1及び第3のワイヤならびに前記第1及び第2の絶縁基板の前記主電極制御パターンを経由して形成される第3の経路の配線インダクタンスに対して、前記第1及び第2の半導体スイッチング素子の前記制御電極パッド間において前記第2及び第4のワイヤならびに前記第1及び第2の絶縁基板の前記制御電極制御パターンを経由して形成される第4の経路の配線インダクタンスの方が大きい、請求項1記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記半導体スイッチング素子が搭載される前記複数個の絶縁基板とは別個の絶縁基板上に形成された電極制御パターンと、
前記電極制御パターンと前記複数個の絶縁基板上に形成された前記制御電極制御パターンとを電気的に接続するパターン間ワイヤとをさらに備える、請求項10記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記第4のワイヤが非配置とされて、前記複数個の絶縁基板上の前記制御電極制御パターン間の電気的な接続は、前記パターン間ワイヤ及び前記電極制御パターンによって確保される、請求項11記載の半導体モジュール。
- 前記第2のワイヤの本数に対して、前記第1のワイヤの本数が多い、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の半導体モジュール。
- 前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子の前記主電極パッド間を直接電気的に接続する第5のワイヤをさらに備える、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の半導体モジュール。
- 前記第3のワイヤの本数は、前記第4のワイヤの本数よりも多い、請求項10記載の半導体モジュール。
- 前記複数個の絶縁基板の各々において、前記主電極制御パターンとは別個に形成された主電極パターンをさらに備え、
前記主電極パターンは、各前記絶縁基板において当該絶縁基板に搭載された前記半導体スイッチング素子の前記主電極と電気的に接続され、
前記第1及び第2の半導体スイッチング素子の間で前記主電極パターン同士を電気的に接続する第6のワイヤをさらに備える、請求項10記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記第1及び第2の半導体スイッチング素子の間で前記主電極パッド同士を電気的に接続する第7のワイヤをさらに備える、請求項10記載の半導体モジュール。
- 前記複数個の前記絶縁基板のうちの前記第1の絶縁基板に搭載されて並列接続された前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子は、電力半導体装置の上下アームのうちの上アームを構成し、
前記複数個の前記絶縁基板のうちの前記第2の絶縁基板に搭載されて並列接続された前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子は、前記上下アームのうちの下アームを構成する、請求項10記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記第1及び第2の絶縁基板の一方の絶縁基板の前記主電極制御パターンと電気的に接続された第1の制御電極と、
前記一方の絶縁基板の前記制御電極制御パターンと電気的に接続された第2の制御電極とをさらに備え、
前記第1の制御電極及び前記主電極制御パターンの間を接続する配線と、前記第2の制御電極及び前記制御電極制御パターンの間を接続する配線とは、並列に配置される、請求項18記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記複数の半導体スイッチング素子は、単一の前記絶縁基板に搭載されて、並列接続された複数の第1の半導体スイッチング素子、及び、並列接続された複数の第2の半導体スイッチング素子を有し、
前記複数の第1の半導体スイッチング素子が電力半導体装置の上下アームのうちの上アームを構成する一方で、前記複数の第2の半導体スイッチング素子は前記上下アームのうちの下アームを構成し、
前記制御電極制御パターンは、前記単一の絶縁基板上に形成された、前記複数の第1の半導体スイッチング素子に共通に形成された第1の制御電極制御パターンと、前記複数の第2の半導体スイッチング素子に共通に形成された第2の制御電極制御パターンとを有し、
前記主電極制御パターンは、前記単一の絶縁基板上に形成された、前記複数の第1の半導体スイッチング素子に共通に形成された第1の主電極制御パターンと、前記複数の第2の半導体スイッチング素子に共通に形成された第2の主電極制御パターンとを有し、
前記第1のワイヤは、前記複数の第1及び第2の半導体スイッチング素子の各々に対して、各半導体スイッチング素子の主電極と電気的に接続された主電極パッド、並びに、前記主電極パッド及び前記第1又は第2の主電極制御パターンを電気的に接続するように配置され、
前記第2のワイヤは、前記複数の第1及び第2の半導体スイッチング素子の各々に対して、各前記半導体スイッチング素子の制御電極と電気的に接続された制御電極パッド、並びに、前記制御電極パッド及び前記第1又は第2の制御電極制御パターンを電気的に接続するように配置され、
前記複数の第1の半導体スイッチング素子の各々において、前記第1のワイヤ及び前記第1の主電極制御パターンを経由して形成される経路の配線インダクタンスに対して、前記第2のワイヤならびに前記第1の制御電極制御パターンを経由して形成される経路の配線インダクタンスの方が大きく、かつ、
前記複数の第2の半導体スイッチング素子の各々において、前記第1のワイヤ及び前記第2の主電極制御パターンを経由して形成される経路の配線インダクタンスに対して、前記第2のワイヤならびに前記第2の制御電極制御パターンを経由して形成される経路の配線インダクタンスの方が大きい、請求項1記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記第1及び第2の主電極制御パターンの一方の主電極制御パターンと電気的に接続された第1の制御電極と、
前記第1及び第2の制御電極制御パターンの一方の制御電極制御パターンと電気的に接続された第2の制御電極とをさらに備え、
前記第1の制御電極及び前記一方の主電極制御パターンの間を接続する配線と、前記第2の制御電極及び前記一方の制御電極制御パターンの間を接続する配線とは、並列に配置される、請求項20記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記第2のワイヤは、磁性体にて被覆されて、又は、磁性体が含まれる材料によって構成される、請求項1〜21のいずれか1項に記載の半導体モジュール。
- 前記半導体スイッチング素子は、ワイドギャップ半導体によって構成される、請求項1〜22のいずれか1項に記載の半導体モジュール。
- 請求項1〜23のいずれか1項に記載の電力半導体モジュールを有し、入力される電力を変換して出力する主変換回路と、
前記主変換回路を制御する制御信号を前記主変換回路に出力する制御回路と、を備えた電力変換装置。
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