JPS6353332B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention can be used for reinforcing slopes such as cut slopes of mountains, roads with embankments, earthen embankments, etc., the back of concrete retaining walls such as tunnels and embankments, and drainage facilities such as culverts. This invention relates to a pine-like three-dimensional network structure.

Conventionally, porous pine-like structures made by bonding and strengthening bristle fibers such as natural fibers and synthetic fibers with adhesives, and thick synthetic fiber needle felts have been used as the above-mentioned slope reinforcement materials or drainage materials. There is.

However, these pine-like or sheet-like structures have poor long-term stability as reinforcement materials for slopes because they have insufficient bonding properties with the soil and tend to slide down, and as drainage materials they have poor compressive resistance to earth pressure. Because of insufficient water pressure, compressive deformation is likely to occur, and the water passageway is contracted, resulting in a decrease in drainage capacity.

The present invention has been made with the aim of improving the above-mentioned drawbacks, and has a net-like pine-like structure that has an extremely small area weight relative to its thickness, has good bondability with soil and water permeability, and has high compressive strength. A device intended to provide a structure with a diameter of 0.1
A large number of continuous synthetic polymer filaments of ~1.5 m/m each form irregular loops and intersect with each other, bending in the thickness direction to form peaks and valleys and extending from one side to the other. , and the large number of continuous synthetic polymer filaments are bonded to each other at their intersections to form a net-like pine-like structure with a porosity of 90% or more, and the surface of the structure is bent approximately at right angles. The invention is characterized in that a large number of ridge-like ridges extending along the ridges and groove-like troughs are formed between the ridges, and the ridges and troughs form troughs and ridges on the back surface. It is something.

The drawings showing the embodiments will be explained below.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a three-dimensional network structure,
The structure 1 is composed of a continuous filament 2 of a synthetic polymer having a diameter of 0.1 to 1.5 m/m, for example, a continuous filament of a homopolymer or a copolymer thereof such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, or polyamide. A large number of these synthetic polymer continuous filaments 2 individually form irregular loops 3, 3 in the structure 1, intersect with each other, and are bent in the thickness direction to form peaks and valleys. While forming the structure 1
The continuous filaments 2 extend from one side to the other in the length direction, and the continuous filaments 2 are bonded at respective intersections 4, 4, thus forming an integrated net-like mat-like form having a porosity of 90% or more. .

The surface of the structure 1 according to the present invention has a large number of ridge-like peaks 5, 5 that extend while being bent in a substantially perpendicular direction, and groove-like valleys 6, 6 that are depressed between the peaks 5, 5. are formed, and the peaks 5, 5 and valleys 6, 6 on the front side form valleys 6', 6' and 5', 5' on the back side, and both the front side and the back side are substantially It has a structure with similar undulations.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the peaks 5, 5 in the structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 using broken lines, and the peaks 5 in this embodiment are several times larger than the apparent peak width. It consists of a long portion 5A and a short portion 5B that crosses the valley portion 6, and extends continuously while being bent in a zigzag shape approximately at right angles. In addition, FIG. 3 shows at least the long portion 5 of the mountain portion 5 mentioned above.
This figure shows an embodiment in which A is formed to be inclined with respect to the width direction of the structure 1.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the above-mentioned ridge portion 5 is bent into an L-shape and formed into a zigzag step shape, so that the ridge portion 5 extending in the width direction and the ridge portion 5 extending in the length direction are approximately at right angles. In this example, a structure 1 having higher rigidity than in the above-mentioned example can be obtained.

The three-dimensional network structure in the present invention is produced by spinning a synthetic polymer in a molten state into continuous filaments from a spinneret equipped with a row of spinning holes with a pore diameter of about 0.3 to 2.0 m/m, A conveying body having ridge-like crests extending while bending in a right angle direction on the surface and groove-like troughs concave between the crests is disposed, and the conveying body is moved at a rate lower than the falling speed of the spun filament group. The spun filaments are moved horizontally at a high speed, and while the filaments suspended from the spinneret are in a molten state, they are allowed to fall naturally onto the carrier to form irregular loops in the spun filaments. However, the spun filaments are bent and accumulated to form peaks and valleys along the surface shape of the carrier, self-fused at each intersection, and then cooled. can be obtained. Furthermore, the continuous filaments described above are produced by extruding two types of synthetic polymers with different melting points in a molten state from separate extruders so that at least the low melting point polymer is disposed on the surface of the filaments through a common spinning hole. A composite continuous filament spun to have a core-sheath shape or a dorsal-ventral shape may also be used. When such a composite continuous filament is used and allowed to fall naturally onto a carrier as described above to form a three-dimensional network structure, even if the self-adhesion between the filaments is not sufficient, the bond between the two synthetic polymers By heating the structure at a temperature higher than the melting point of the low melting point polymer and lower than the melting point of the high melting point polymer, the intersections of the filament groups can be firmly bonded. Furthermore, if the structure obtained using the single synthetic polymer or its copolymer described above does not have sufficient self-adhesive strength, it is preferable to bond the intersections of the groups of lines using an adhesive.

The height of the peaks 5 of the three-dimensional network structure 1, the length of the linearly extending portions, the cross-sectional shapes of the peaks 5 and valleys 6, the thickness of the continuous filaments, etc., depend on the use of the structure,
Although it is arbitrarily selected depending on the user's request, the height of the mountain portion 5, that is, the apparent thickness dimension is determined based on the purpose of use as a reinforcement material for soil slopes, a drainage material for soil water, etc. Approximately 10 to 50 m/m is preferable in terms of the function.
Further, the thickness of the continuous filaments is preferably about 0.1 to 1.5 m/m from the viewpoint of strength and economy. The structure 1 is a bulky structure with high rigidity in which porosity (%) = 1000000 - weight of structure g/m ³ / specific gravity of filament / 1000000 x 100 is 90% or more, preferably 95% or more. It has a pine-like shape.

In addition, when two or more of the above-mentioned pine-like structures 1 are stacked one on top of the other to serve as a drainage member, it is preferable to provide the peaks 5 so as to be inclined in the width direction of the structure 1 as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the structure 1 is cut into a predetermined size and its front and back surfaces are made to face each other, the peaks 5, 5 in the facing portions intersect with each other, and one peak crosses the valley of the other. It is possible to obtain a laminated structure having a thickness dimension substantially corresponding to an integral multiple of the thickness of a single structure. Specific examples and functions of the three-dimensional network structure of the present invention are as follows.

A pore size of 1.0 is placed on a moving conveyor body comprising valleys and peaks similar to the three-dimensional network structure to be formed.
A copolymer of propylene and a small amount of ethylene is melt-spun using a spinneret equipped with a large number of spinning holes spaced at m/m intervals, and the spun filaments are spun onto a conveyor before they solidify. They were assembled and self-adhesive to form a three-dimensional network structure of the form described below. (See Figure 5) Height of peaks (H)...Approx. 25m/m Distance between peaks (P)...Approx. 22m/m Angle of inclination of sides of peaks (A)...Approx. 80 degrees Continuous curved shape of the mountain portion... As shown in Fig. 2, the long portion 5A and the short portion 5B are bent at right angles and extend in a zigzag shape, with the length of the long portion 5A being approximately 50 m/m and the short portion being approximately 50 m/m long. Length of 5B is approx. 22m/m Thickness of continuous filaments: 1.1m/m in diameter Porosity of structure: approx. 96.5% Weight of structure: 934g/ m ² Although the apparent porosity of such a structure is extremely large, the load at which the strain rate is 20% is approximately 6000 Kg/m ²
and has high compression resistance.

Incidentally, in a porous mat-like structure with a porosity of about 94% made by randomly molding continuous filaments of the same synthetic polymer as above, the strain rate exceeded 20% under a load of about 2000 kg/m ² .

As detailed above, in the three-dimensional network structure according to the present invention, a large number of continuous synthetic polymer filaments 2, 2 each having a diameter of 0.1 to 1.5 m/m form irregular loops 3, 3 and intersect with each other. while bending in the thickness direction so as to form peaks and valleys and extending from one side to the other, and the large number of continuous synthetic polymer filaments 2, 2 are bonded to each other at respective intersections 4, 4. The porosity becomes
A pine-like structure having a net shape of 90% or more, the surface of the structure 1 has a large number of ridge-like peaks 5, 5 that extend while bending in an almost right angle direction, and a depression between the peaks 5, 5. Groove-like valleys 6, 6 are formed, and the peaks 5 and 6 form valleys 6' and peaks 5' on the back surface. Therefore, both the front and back surfaces of the structure 1 are uneven and have peaks 5 and valleys 6, which prevents frictional engagement with the soil when the structure 1 is laid on a slope. It has good properties and is extremely suitable as a slope reinforcement material. Furthermore, since the structure 1 has a network structure with a high porosity, it also effectively functions as a drainage material. Furthermore, the front and back surfaces of the structure 1 have a large number of peaks 5 and troughs 6 that continuously extend from one side to the other, and the continuous filaments forming the structure 1 have a diameter of 0.1~ It is relatively large at 1.5 m/m, and there are no filament ends in the part of structure 1 except for the cut edge, and the peaks 5 and valleys are formed by the refraction of continuous filament groups. , and because the intersections between the filaments are adhesively fixed, the deformation of the ridges 5 due to pressure in the thickness direction is small, and the phenomenon of flattening and widening of the ridge intervals is prevented. Therefore, compared to conventional drainage materials that are made by randomly accumulating bristle fibers such as natural fibers and synthetic fibers into mats and applying adhesives, the structure has a network structure with a high porosity, but it is more resistant to compression against earth pressure, etc. The resistance is very high, and when the structure of the present invention is used as a drainage material, it can sufficiently withstand earth pressure, etc., and can maintain good drainage function for a long period of time without reducing the water passageway.

When using the three-dimensional network structure of the present invention as a drainage material, the long structure is cut into desired width and length dimensions, and both lengthwise ends are left open so that natural fibers or synthetic fibers are used. It is effective to use it by covering it with a felt-like sheet or cloth made of, for example. In addition, in some applications, relatively thick drainage materials are required, and in such cases, for example, as shown in FIG. Lay several sheets of objects on top of each other so that their ridges intersect on their contact surfaces, and place a felt-like sheet Y1 around them.
0, or by winding and covering the fabric.
It can be made into a drainage material with pressure resistance and a desired thickness. The drainage material thus obtained is lightweight and has an extremely large water passage gap.

Furthermore, the three-dimensional network structure of the present invention is extremely convenient for adhering a felt sheet or cloth to its surface. That is, since the surface of the structure has a large number of curved peaks extending in the form of ridges, the felt sheet or fabric to be bonded is supported by the top lines of the peaks, and therefore The structure and the felt sheet or fabric can be bonded by heat fusion or adhesive along the top line to achieve a strong bond. A structure having a felt sheet or fabric laminated and fixed on the upper surface in this manner is suitable not only as a reinforcing material for slopes on slopes but also as a stabilizing mat for soft ground.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the invention,
Fig. 1 is a perspective view, Fig. 2 is a simplified plan view with peaks indicated by broken lines, Figs. 3 and 4 are simplified plan views showing other embodiments of forming the peaks, and Fig. 5 is FIG. 6 is a side view schematically showing the cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing how it is used as a drainage material. 1 is a three-dimensional network structure, 2 is a continuous filament, 3 is a loop, 4 is an intersection, 5 and 6 are peaks and valleys on the front side, and 5' and 6' are peaks and valleys on the back side.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A large number of continuous synthetic polymer filaments each having a diameter of 0.1 to 1.5 m/m form irregular loops and intersect with each other in the thickness direction to form peaks and valleys. A net-like mat-like structure with a porosity of 90% or more is formed by bending the fibers and extending from one side to the other, and bonding the large number of continuous synthetic polymer filaments to each other at their respective intersections. On the surface, a large number of ridge-like ridges extending while bending in an approximately right angle direction and groove-like valleys are formed between the ridges, and the ridges and troughs form troughs and ridges on the back surface. A three-dimensional network structure made of 2. The three-dimensional network structure according to claim 1, wherein the ridge portion is comprised of a portion that is several times longer than the apparent ridge width and a shorter portion that crosses the trough portion. 3. The three-dimensional network structure according to claim 2, wherein the long portions of the mountain portions extend obliquely with respect to the width direction of the structure. 4. The three-dimensional network structure according to claim 1, wherein the mountain portion extends in a zigzag step shape.