JPS5970217A - Automatic air conditioner for car - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain the car room temperature distribution at a comfortable state by constructing to control the blow-off air distribution to compute proportionally and integrally the difference between a target value of car room temperature distribution and an actual value and reduce the difference in accordance with the sum thereof. CONSTITUTION:The difference DELTAT between a target temperature T set at an operation part 4 and an average car room temperature Tr are inputted in a control part 3 to obtain the sum of results of proportional and integral computations in a PI computation part, and each part of a heat-exchanging part 1 is controlled to send a heat amount Q proportional to a result thereof X into a car room. Meanwhile, a blow-off control door 31 is controlled for operation to keep the difference between an upper blow-off port temperature Tu and a lower blow-off temperature TL at the optimum value for distributing the heat amount Q to upper and lower blow-off ports. This construction permits to maintain the car room always at a comfortable temperature distribution.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic air conditioner for an automobile, and more particularly to an air conditioner that provides a comfortable temperature distribution inside a vehicle.

Conventional power regulators either blow the heat-exchanged air into the passenger compartment from multiple outlets, leaving the distribution to the manual control of the passenger, or use a power controller to adjust the amount of heat exchange. The position of the ventilation door inside the building was determined uniquely.

If the distribution is adjusted manually, there is a high possibility that the temperature distribution within the vehicle cabin can be achieved as desired, but the adjustment is time-consuming and troublesome, and it is dangerous to divert the driver's attention from driving. Further, constant adjustment is required as the vehicle environment changes.

If the distribution described above is uniquely determined with respect to the position of the ventilation door, even if the distribution is made as desirable as possible, it is difficult to maintain a comfortable temperature distribution in the vehicle interior at all times in any vehicle environment. It's impossible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner for an automobile that can maintain a comfortable temperature distribution throughout the vehicle interior at all times.

A purpose like this? In order to achieve this, the present invention provides a negative feedback control loop that performs proportional and integral calculations on the difference between the target value and the actual value of the temperature distribution in the vehicle interior, and adjusts the distribution in a direction that reduces the difference according to the sum of these calculations. It is designed to be used for automatic outlet control.

Examples of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of an automotive air conditioner to which the present invention is applied.

In the figure, the 1ilt heat exchange part is equipped with an outside air intake port 11 that takes in all the air outside the vehicle interior, and an inside air intake port 12' (r) that takes in all the air inside the vehicle interior. 2 is a single room that is air-conditioned. Yes, from the heat exchange part 1 to the lower air outlet 13 of the passenger compartment 2
, an upper air outlet 14, and an air outlet 15'ffi to the front windshield glass.

3 is a control section, and 4tl is an operation section. Operation unit 4
Depending on the vehicle interior temperature, select the desired temperature setting, operate each of the 14 components of the air conditioning device fully automatically, or
It is possible to set the mode for partial manual operation. The control section 3 outputs signals for controlling the operation of each device that constitutes the air conditioner, which will be described later, based on settings made by the operation section 4 and inputs from various sensors of the air conditioner. The case 10 of the heat exchange section l has an inside/outside air switching door 1.
6, and this internal/external air switching door 16 is switched to three positions by opening and closing the stain magnetic pulp in response to an electric signal from the control unit 3 via a negative pressure actuator 17. A blower 19 is provided in the case 10 and a motor 20
A voltage controlled by the control unit 3 is applied to the motor 20Vi, which is rotated by the motor 20Vi, and the rotation speed, that is, the air volume of the blower 19 is controlled. Furthermore, inside the case 10 there is a cooling means -
A nasu cooler 21 is provided at ¥A'. The cooler 21 includes a refrigerating cycle including a refrigerant compressor 22, a condenser, a pressure reducer (not shown), and the like. The refrigerant compressor 22 is driven by the internal combustion engine of the automobile via a magnetic latch 22ak, and the electromagnetic clutch 22a is controlled by an electric signal from the control section 3, so that the compressor 22 is driven or not driven. Further, on the downstream side of the cooler 21 of the case 10, a heater 23, which is part of the heating means, is installed. Cooling water (hot water) for the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle is circulated through the heater 23, and the heater 23 is heated. The air passing through 23 is heated. The circulation of the cooling water can be stopped by closing the hot water cock 24 in response to a signal from the control section 3. Further, a side passage 25 is provided in the case 10 in parallel with the heater 23.

Is it possible to supply heat radiation to the passenger compartment 2 by changing the ratio of the air volume passing through the side passage 25 and the heater 23? A temperature control door 26 is provided to control the air volume passing through the L1 heater 23 from 0 to 100%. The temperature control door 26 is driven to a predetermined position by a negative pressure actuator 29 by fully opening and closing a solenoid valve 28 connected to a negative pressure source in response to a sub-IU signal from the control unit 3, and at the same time, the temperature control door 26 is moved to a specified position. Potentiometer 30 for converting into electrical signal
The temperature control door 26 is driven by converting the electric signal from the control unit 3 into a negative pressure. Of course, it is also possible to use a negative pressure servo motor whose stroke is determined by this pressure.Next, the air is blown into the single room 2 through the air outlet cutout door 32 and the blowout control door 31. Solenoid valves 33, 3 from the electric signal V from the control unit 3
72 by opening and closing.

The negative pressure actuators 34 and 38' are actuated and controlled. Like the temperature control door 26, the blowout control door 31 is linked with a potentiometer 39 that converts the door position into an electric number 16, and is set accurately at a predetermined position by the blower control section 3. A temperature sensor consisting of a 27v thermistor, etc.
The temperature of the air immediately after passing through the cooler 21' is detected and input to the control unit 3 as an electrical signal. 35.36'll is also a temperature sensor that detects representative temperature sounds in the upper and lower halves of the vehicle compartment 2 and inputs them to the control unit 3 as electrical signals.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

FIG. 2 shows the principle of automatic temperature control employed in this embodiment. The target set temperature set by the operation unit 4 is compared with the vehicle interior average temperature T2, and the temperature difference ΔT=T, -'1'r'kPI is calculated. If we set '1゛2 as 7x, which is the result of the temperature TUTL of the upper half and lower half of the single room, the following equation holds true.

x=klΔT+2/Δ'l'dt PI performance J1. is a method commonly used in the field of automatic control, and as seen in the above equation, it is calculated by calculating the proportional amount and the temporal accumulation of the difference between the target and the actual state of the controlled object. Add the total amount and measure the required amount to move the controlled object to the target state. The control section 3Vi drives the heat exchange section 1 so as to send an amount of heat Q proportional to the value of the calculation result X into the passenger compartment 2 shown in FIG. In addition to the above-mentioned amount of heat Q, the air inside the vehicle (heat load) receives disturbance heat Q, OK.

The disturbance heat Q, o includes heat entering from outside the vehicle, radiant heat from sunlight, heat transferred from the engine compartment, heat generated by the occupants, and the like.

The air inside the vehicle receives a heat amount of Q, + Q D, and -th
Temperatures Tu and Tt change due to U+TL delay. This T,=- is negatively fed back to the control section 3. In such a negative feedback control system, automatic temperature control is achieved because it is mathematically proven that if the coefficients of each element are appropriate, T stably converges to T. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the heat exchanger 1 that supplies an amount of heat Q that is approximately proportional to the control signal X. The horizontal axis is the above quantity X. Is the area to the right of XQ the heating power of vehicle compartment 2 shown in Figure 1? When the request is made, that is, during heating, the area to the left of Xo is during cooling. When X>XO, the heating means is activated (hot water pot 24 shown in FIG. 1 is opened) and the cooling means is not activated. x (at x 6, the heating means does not operate and the cooling means operates (Fig. 1 refrigerant pressure #?7M22
is activated). Figure 3 Illustrated Aid Figure 1 Illustrated Blower-1
By controlling the voltage applied to the motor 20, the maximum air volume (applied voltage: 14 V) when X<XI and x > x 4, the minimum air volume (applied voltage: 4 V) when The distances between X, and X2 and between Xz and X1 are changed linearly. An indicates the airflow passing through the white lamp heater 23 tray at the above-mentioned air volume, and is controlled by changing the opening degree of the temperature control door 26 shown in FIG. 1 between x, ) and X3. θ
is the opening degree of the temperature control door 26 shown in FIG.
(1 is fully closed, X, > X 3 is fully open, and Xo and
3 and increases linearly between x(1-X4).

T is the temperature of the air immediately after passing through the cooler 21 shown in FIG. , the refrigerant compressor 22 shown in FIG. 1 is fully driven and is not driven.

FIG. 4 shows the amount of heat radiated to the passenger compartment 2 due to the above operation, expressed as Q (negative in the cooling region where x<xn). x
<x H indicates maximum cooling time k, X , > X 4 k indicates maximum heating time. Heat dissipation between XI<X<X4)+1:Q is the range of control Iia linearly. In the range of X- and XQ in the above range, it is expressed as Q, -(1", -T, ) A, and x
Since A changes linearly, Q changes linearly to IJ 4+
, )Xz<x (x (at 1, A is constant, (T.-Tr
) changes linearly, so Q also changes linearly.

x ) x 6, Q, ” (T n T r
) X A H (Tu −'J”, , )
However, Q is approximately constant and AH changes linearly, so Q is +7
Changes to near. Here, TH is the air temperature immediately after passing through the heater 21, and can be considered to be approximately constant as X>XQ.

Therefore, in response to a change in the amount X that corresponds to the amount of heat required by the vehicle compartment 2, the heat radiation amount Q of the heat exchange section uniformly and monotonically and continuously changes from the maximum cooling power to the maximum heating power.

As above, the target is set for the average temperature T in the vehicle interior +1. A degree T.

The operating principle of automatic temperature control has been explained above, and now the key point of the present invention, which is controlling the comfortable temperature distribution in the vehicle interior, will be explained.

'1. ' u + T L The heat radiation amount Q of the heat exchange section is automatically controlled to the amount necessary to maintain T, = -□ k T, but the A difference can be made between Tu and TL depending on the ratio of distribution to exit 13.Generally, it is said that TL-Tu:TUL of about 5 degrees is comfortable, and it changes depending on the environmental temperature outside the vehicle and the presence or absence of sunlight. .

What is related to this blowout control is the blowout control door 31, and the blowout switching door 32 is not related, so the following will be referred to as the blowout port 1.
5 considers only the closed case.

FIG. 5 shows the principle of automatic blow-off control employed in this embodiment. Since the principle is the same as that in FIG. 2, the details will be omitted, but the blowout control door 31 of the lower blowout section is driven according to the calculation result y of the PI calculation section, and the
Of these, the amount of heat QL distributed to the lower outlet 13 increases monotonically and uniformly. The disturbance heat Q'D is, for example, the amount of heat that invades from the upper half of the vehicle interior to the lower half.

■ As in Fig. 2, TL is stably controlled toward T, + -TUL, and always follows it even if III changes.

Therefore, Tr, -Tu = TIJL holds true.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the lower blow-off section shown in FIG. 5. The target position of the blowout control door 3 (angle ψ in FIG. 1) with respect to the PI calculation result y is roughly divided into two.

In FIG. 3, X≦Xo, that is, in the cooling area, the temperature control door 26
is at 11t where θ=0, all the air cooled by the cooler 21 is sent to the side passage 25. Therefore, as the blowout control door 31?11-ψ opens in the direction of increase, QL decreases to a negative value.

Therefore, the relationship between y and ψ when
．． QL decreases as y becomes smaller within the range of □ (maximum value of ψ).

Temperature control door 2611 in the heating area of X 2-X 3
: It is out of swing and θ=θ. (Maximum value of θ) All the introduced air is heated by the heater 23. There, the control door 31'
After ψ opens in the direction of increase, Q, L) increases exactly.

In the heating region where x3≧X≧x6, θ,... Shimoshi blowout control door 3
1, it would be easier to blow out from the upper air outlet 14. The air heated by the heater 23 is easily blown out from the lower outlet and the upper outlet 14. Therefore, when the blowout control door 31 is in the intermediate position, the upper blowout port 14
The temperature of the air blown from the lower air outlet 13 tends to be lower than the temperature of the air blown from the lower air outlet 13, but this makes it easier to maintain the temperature distribution inside the vJ vehicle in a pleasant state of head-to-head heat from a structural standpoint. Therefore, in the case of θwax-,>θ〉0, when all the blowout control doors 31 ψ open in the direction of J addition, kAQt initially increases to a positive value, but when it exceeds a certain angle ψ-18, Side road 25
The wind that has passed through is guided to the lower air outlet 13, and the QL stops increasing or begins to decrease. FIG. 7 shows the relationship between θ and ψ'mat.

Therefore, if the relationship between y and ψ is shown in Figure 6 when y', < Lucky Q that increases,
L increases.

As described above, within the saturation limit, QL always increases monotonically and uniformly as y increases.

Therefore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, while the average vehicle interior temperature T1 is automatically controlled toward the target set temperature T, the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the vehicle interior is also reliably automatically controlled to a comfortable predetermined value.

According to the present invention, there is an effect that the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the vehicle interior is automatically controlled to a comfortable predetermined value at all times.・

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to an embodiment based on the book, FIG. 2 is a diagram of the automatic temperature control principle of the air conditioner, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the heat exchange section of the air conditioner. FIG. 4 is a heat radiation characteristic diagram of the heat exchange section, FIG. 5 is a principle diagram of the automatic blow-off control of the visual control device, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the lower blow-off section in the automatic blow-off control principle diagram, and FIG. FIG. 7 is an auxiliary diagram of FIG. l... Heat exchange section, 2... Vehicle interior, 3... Control section, 4
...Operation unit, 19...7' ow, 21...Cooler, 23...Heater, 25...Side channel, 26...
Temperature control door, 3 construction...Blowout control door, 13...Lower air outlet, 14...Upper air outlet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Both heating and cooling means? Air introduced from outside and inside the vehicle? After being heated or cooled, it is blown into the vehicle interior through multiple outlets to fully automatically control the average temperature in the vehicle interior.
In an automobile air conditioner configured to automatically control the temperature distribution in the vehicle interior by appropriately adjusting the distribution of the blown air from the plurality of outlets, the target value and the actual value of the temperature distribution in the vehicle interior are determined. Negative feedback control loop that calculates the difference in sound proportionality and integration, and adjusts the above distribution in a direction that reduces the above difference according to the sum of the two? The air conditioner comprising: