JPH09316802A - Rail fastening device, and rail fastening method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fastening device, and a fastening method having a similar thickness and a lower track spring constant value to a fastening device of a conventional method. SOLUTION: A device is provided with a flat plate part 11, a standing part 12 to bear a lateral pressure load of a rail R, a lateral pressure bearing metal 1 having a pair of claw parts 15 protruded from both ends of one side part of the flat plate part 11 in a rail crossing direction, two screw spikes 7 to fix the flat plate part 11 to a cross tie T, and a track pad 6 of almost flat form comprising elastic material to transmit vertical load of the rail R to the cross tie T, a rail presser metal 2 to elastically fasten the rail R to the lateral pressure bearing metal 1, a fastening bolt, a fastening spring, and a fastening nut. In the case where the two lateral pressure bearing metals 1, 1 are disposed on the cross tie T to set the claw parts 15 to face each other, a track pad 6 is contained inside an almost rectangular recessed part formed inside each claw part 15.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rail fastening device for fastening rails to sleepers and a rail fastening method using the rail fastening device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a traverse sewer or the like is installed in a ballast bed section of a railroad track, at a place where a wooden sleeper is directly installed on a concrete frame of the sewer, The orbital spring constant of the front and rear ballast bed sections is 20 to 30 tons / cm (t / c)
Compared with m), the spring constant value becomes larger and the bearing condition of the track becomes harder. For example, as a rail fastening device, a normal wood sleeper tie plate and 100 t / cm
If the orbital pad is used, a portion three times as stiff as the front and rear sections is interposed. Therefore, the railway vehicle passing through this point receives an impact force at the point where the hardness of the track changes stepwise, and the same impact load is also applied to the track correspondingly. This causes problems such as fatigue damage to the rail fastening device and the wooden sleepers at this location, and a sudden deviation of the railroad section between the front and rear roadbed sections, which causes a vicious cycle that further increases the impact on this section. It was a maintenance problem.

[0003]

As a measure for preventing the above-mentioned problems, in order to reduce the orbital spring constant value of the above-mentioned portion, a type of a track pad, which is used in a direct connection structure for a tunnel, is used under the rail. It is conceivable to use a rail fastening device of a type that is double inserted and arranged on both sides under the rate. However, this type of rail fastening device has a large thickness because it has two track pads, and the height difference between the lower surface of the lower track pad in contact with the upper surface of the sewer basin and the rail tread surface is larger than usual. .
Therefore, if you want to use this type of rail fastening device on an existing track that has already started to be used, you must either cut down the upper part of the existing sewage drainage frame or raise the front and rear tracks, and It was difficult and required a lot of construction costs.

On the other hand, as a rail fastening device having a tie plate and a rail fastening device of a conventional type having one track pad, and a track spring constant of about 20 to 30 t / cm, a track pad is used. A "frame type tie plate" having an opening in the center for accommodating the above and a type having a thick track pad accommodated in the opening have been known. However, in the case of this type of rail fastening device, all vertical loads such as wheel weights that act on the bottom of the rail are received by the track pad in the frame, and the vertical load does not act on the frame type tie plate. The structure was such that only the lateral pressure load acting on the side surface of the frame acts on the frame type tie plate.
Therefore, the rail fastening force fluctuates due to the train load, which increases the stress of the frame-type tie plate body, which may damage the thin frame portion. In order to solve this point, it is possible to widen the width of the thin frame part,
The width of the wooden sleepers is 200 mm, and there is almost no room for widening the frame portion. Therefore, it is difficult to adopt the frame type tie plate type rail fastening device in the above-mentioned place.

Further, in fastening the rail at the above-mentioned location,
Unless the rails are fastened with a vertical resistance equivalent to the vertical resistance of the front and rear roadbed sections (the degree of freedom of expansion and contraction in the longitudinal direction of the rail), the axial pressure distribution in the longitudinal direction of the rail will be uneven and the long rail In this case, there is a problem that the degree of buckling may be increased.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a track spring having a thickness comparable to that of a conventional rail fastening device and having a low track spring constant. To provide a rail fastening device having a numerical value and a rail fastening method.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, a first rail fastening device according to the present invention is a rail holding metal fitting for holding a bottom portion of a rail, or a rail transverse direction acting on a side surface of the bottom portion of the rail. And a fastening spring formed by spirally winding a metal elastic body, and a cylindrical member that can be mounted in a substantially cylindrical cavity that penetrates the central portion of the fastening spring. Having fastening bolts and fastening nuts, elastically fastening the rail pressing metal fitting or the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting directly or indirectly to the sleeper, and increasing the fastening force of the fastening spring in the axial direction of the cylindrical member. The feature is that it can be adjusted depending on the size.

A second rail fastening device according to the present invention includes a flat plate portion, and an upright portion which is erected from one side portion of the flat plate portion and receives a lateral pressure load which acts vertically on a bottom side surface of the rail. A lateral pressure receiving metal fitting having a pair of claw portions projecting in the rail transverse direction from both ends of one side of the flat plate portion, sleeper fixing means for fixing the flat plate portion to the sleeper, and a substantially flat plate shape made of an elastic material. Two lateral pressure receivers, each of which has a track pad for transmitting a vertical load acting on the bottom surface of the rail to the sleeper and an elastic fastening means for elastically fastening the rail to the lateral pressure receiving fitting. When the metal fitting is arranged on the sleeper so that the claw portions of each lateral pressure receiving metal piece face each other, the track pad is housed in the substantially rectangular recess formed inside the claw portion. It is characterized in that it is configured as

In the above, preferably, the elastic fastening means presses the bottom of the rail and a bolt insertion space formed in an inverted T-shape in the middle of the standing portion and having a shoulder ceiling surface curved. It has a rail holding metal fitting, a fastening spring, a fastening bolt in which a substantially semi-cylindrical arm projectingly protrudes in an inverted T shape from one end of a shaft portion, and a fastening nut, and the arm portion of the fastening bolt is inserted into the bolt. The fastening bolt is configured to be swingable around the axis of the arm portion when inserted into the space and the substantially chamfered surface of the arm portion is brought into contact with the ceiling surface of the bolt insertion space. It

Further, in the above, preferably, the fastening spring is a spring formed by spirally winding a metal elastic body.

Further, in the above, preferably, a cylindrical member which can be mounted in a substantially cylindrical cavity penetrating the central portion of the fastening spring is provided, and the rail pressing metal member is elastically attached to the lateral pressure receiving metal member. The fastening force of the fastening spring to be fastened can be adjusted by the axial length of the cylindrical member.

Further, in the above description, preferably, the sleeper fixing means is two screw nails arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the rail.

In the rail fastening method according to the present invention, a flat plate portion, an upright portion that stands up from one side portion of the flat plate portion, and a pair of protruding portions extending in the rail traverse direction from both ends of the flat plate portion are provided. A rail fastening device having a lateral pressure receiving metal fitting having a claw portion, a sleeper fixing means for fixing the flat plate portion to the sleeper, a track pad made of an elastic material, and an elastic fastening means for elastically fastening the rail is used. The two lateral pressure receiving metal fittings are arranged on the sleeper in a state where the claw portions of the respective lateral pressure receiving metal fitting face each other, and the lateral pressure receiving metal fittings are disposed in the substantially rectangular recesses formed inside the respective claw portions. Laying so as to accommodate the track pad, laying the rail on the laid track pad, fixing the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting to the sleeper by the sleeper fixing means, and the rail by the elastic fastening means. Elastic to lateral pressure receiving metal fittings It is configured so that the vertical load acting on the bottom surface of the rail is transmitted to the sleeper by the track pad, and the lateral pressure load acting on the bottom side surface of the rail is received by the side surface of the rising portion. Is characterized by.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

(1) First Embodiment First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG.
2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a rail fastening device according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the rail fastening device shown in FIG.

As shown in the figure, this rail fastening device 10
Reference numeral 0 is provided with a lateral pressure receiving fitting 1, a rail pressing fitting 2, a fastening bolt 3, a fastening spring 5, a fastening nut 4, a track pad 6, and a screw 7.

With this rail fastening device 100, the rail R
In the case of fastening the toe to the sleeper T, the two lateral pressure receiving metal fittings 1 and 1 are arranged on the sleeper T with the claw portions 15 (described later) of the respective lateral pressure receiving metal fittings 1 and 1 facing each other. To do. next,
The track pad 6 is laid so as to be housed in a substantially rectangular recess formed inside the four claws 15. next,
A rail R is laid on the laid track pad 6, and each lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1, 1 is fixed to the sleeper T by two screw nails 7, 7. Then, the rail R is elastically fastened to each lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1 by the rail pressing metal fitting 2, the fastening bolt 3, the fastening spring 5, and the fastening nut 4.

Next, a more detailed structure and operation of each component of the rail fastening device 100 will be described.

First, the lateral pressure receiving fitting 1 will be described in more detail. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the lateral pressure receiving fitting 1, and FIG. 3 (A) is a front view seen from the rail crossing direction.
FIG. 3B is a plan view seen from above, and FIG. 3C is a side view.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the lateral pressure receiving fitting 1
Has a flat plate portion 11, an upright portion 12, and a claw portion 15. The flat plate portion 11 is formed in a thin flat plate shape having a rectangular planar shape. A straight wall-shaped standing portion 12 stands upward from one side portion of the flat plate portion 11. Also,
In the flat plate portion 12, two circular openings 13 for screwing the screw nails 7 are formed so as to be aligned in the longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion 11. The periphery of each opening 13 is ground thinly to form a screw receiving seat surface 18. Also,
On the flat plate portion 11 between the upright portion 12 and the opening 13, a ridge 14 having a substantially semicircular shape is formed in parallel with the upright portion 12.

An inverted T-shaped bolt insertion space 16 is formed in the center of the upright portion 12, and the upright portion 12 is divided into two parts by the bolt insertion space 16. The ceiling surface 17 of the shoulder portion of the bolt insertion space 16 is formed in a substantially semi-cylindrical shape.

Of the side portions of the flat plate portion 11, the standing portion 1
From both ends of the side on which 2 stands, a pair of claws 1
5, 15 are formed so as to project in the rail crossing direction. The claw portion 15 has a short rod shape with a quadrangular cross section, and the thickness thereof is smaller than the thickness of the flat plate portion 11.

Next, the track pad 6 will be described in more detail. 4A and 4B are views showing the structure of the track pad 6, FIG. 4A showing a plan view seen from above, and FIG. 4B showing a front view seen from a rail crossing direction. is there.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the track pad 6
Is an elastic member made of styrene / butadiene / rubber (SBR) or the like, and is formed in a substantially flat plate shape. Several vertical grooves 61 are formed on the surface of the track pad 6, whereby the spring constant value is set to a predetermined value. This track pad 6
In addition to the one having a constant thickness, as shown in FIG. 4B, one having different thicknesses t1 and t2 in the rail crossing direction and having an inclined upper surface is also used. The sloping line is used in the Kant section where the line shape is a curve. In any case, the thickness of the track pad 6 is thicker than the thickness of the claw portion 15 of the lateral pressure receiving fitting 1.

Next, the screw nail 7 will be described in more detail. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of the screw nail 7.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, a screw 7
Is a prism portion 71, a head 72 connected to the prism portion 71,
It has a shaft portion 74 connected to the head portion 72. The side of the prism 72 of the head 72 is formed into a curved surface, and the opposite surface is a conical tapered surface 73. A male screw portion 75 is formed on the shaft portion 74 toward the tip. The male screw portion 75 is inserted from the circular opening 13 of the lateral pressure receiving fitting 1, and is a substantially cylindrical screw hole H drilled in the sleeper T by rotating the prismatic portion 71 with a dedicated tool or the like.
(See FIG. 1). At this time, the screw nail receiving seat surface 18 of the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1 comes into close contact with the tapered surface 73 of the screw nail 7 and receives the pressing force.

With the above structure, two lateral pressure receiving metal fittings 1, 1 are arranged on the sleeper T with the claw portions 15 of each lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1, 1 facing each other, and four lateral pressure receiving metal fittings 1, 1 are arranged. Claw part 1
If the rail pad R is laid so as to accommodate the track pad 6 thicker than the claw portion 15 in the substantially rectangular recess formed inside the rail 5, and the rail R is laid on the laid track pad 6, the rail R The vertical load acting on the bottom surface of the rail can be transmitted to the sleeper T by the track pad 6, and the thickness of the track pad 6 can be made thicker than that of the conventional rail fastening device. 20 lower than conventional
It can be about 30 t / cm. At the same time, the thickness of the entire rail fastening device can be suppressed to the same value as the conventional one. Further, the lateral pressure load acting on the bottom side surface of the rail R can be received by the side surface of the rising portion 12. Then, this lateral pressure load is applied to each lateral pressure receiving fitting 1
Each of them is transmitted to the sleeper T by the screw nails 7, 7, which are attached two by two. Also, the claw portion 15
Regulates the movement of the track pad 6, but is not continuous in a thin frame shape like the conventional frame type tie plate. The thickness of the track pad 6 is larger than the thickness of the claw portion 15 of the lateral pressure receiving fitting 1. Therefore, the vertical load of the rail R does not act on the claw portion 15, and unlike the conventional frame type tie plate, the problem that the stress of the frame portion increases and the frame portion is damaged does not occur.

Next, the rail retainer 2 will be described in more detail. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the rail pressing member 2, and FIG. 6 (A) is a plan view seen from above.
(B) shows the front view seen from the rail crossing direction, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 6, the rail pressing member 2 has a substantially U-shaped cross section, and includes a first leg portion 21, a spring receiving seat portion 22, and a first leg portion 22. It has two legs 23. The spring receiving seat portion 22 is formed in a thin flat plate shape having a substantially square planar shape. A substantially flat plate-shaped first leg portion 21 extends downward from one side portion of the spring receiving seat portion 22, and the spring receiving seat portion 2 on the opposite side of the first leg portion 21.
From the side portion of 2, the second leg portion 23 having a substantially flat plate shape is formed downward.
Is extending. The second leg portion 23 is longer than the first leg portion 21. Further, a circular opening 24 is opened in the substantially central portion of the spring receiving seat portion 22.

Next, the fastening bolt 3 and the fastening nut 4 will be described in more detail. 7: is a figure which shows the structure of the fastening bolt 3 and the fastening nut 4, FIG. 7 (A) is the front view seen from rail crossing direction, FIG. 7 (B) is the top view seen from above, respectively. It is shown.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7, the fastening bolt 3
Is formed in an inverted T shape, and has a shaft portion 31 and an arm portion 32.
have. A male screw portion 33 is formed near the tip of the shaft portion 31. Further, the arm portion 32 projects in a direction perpendicular to the end portion of the shaft portion 31 opposite to the end portion on which the male screw portion 33 is formed, and is formed in a substantially semi-cylindrical shape or a substantially semi-cylindrical shape.

On the other hand, the fastening nut 4 is a nut having a substantially hexagonal column shape, and has a female screw hole 41 (see FIG. 1) formed in the center. The female screw hole 41 is configured to be screwed with the male screw portion 33 of the fastening bolt 3.

Next, the fastening spring 5 will be described in more detail. 8A and 8B are views showing the configuration of the fastening spring 5, where FIG. 8A is a plan view seen from above, FIG. 8B is a side view, and FIG. 8C is a sectional view taken along line AA. 8D is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA when the stopper is inserted.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 8, this fastening spring 5 is a kind of coil formed by spirally winding a metal elastic body such as steel so as to have a substantially truncated cone shape as a whole. It is a spring. The fastening spring 5 starts to be wound from the thin end P1 and is wound horizontally while gradually increasing in thickness from P1 to P2 to P3. The bottom lower surface from P1 to P3 is a horizontal bottom surface 52. From P3, P
It is wound so as to draw a spiral gradually shifting upwards toward 4, P5, P6, P7 and P8. Also, P3
From P4 to P4, the wall thickness in the winding direction is almost constant and maximum, and from P4, P5, P6, P7, P
The thickness in the winding direction gradually decreases toward 8. P
The upper surface of the portion from 6 to P8 is a substantially horizontal top portion 53. A substantially columnar cavity 51 is formed in the center of the fastening spring 5.

Since the fastening spring 5 has such a structure, when a downward pressing force is applied to the top portion 53, P8
, P7, P6, P5, P4 are gradually deformed downward, and finally all the lower surfaces from P8 to P3 descend to the position of the bottom surface 52, and the whole becomes a flat ring shape. During this time, a pressing force corresponding to the amount of deformation acts on both the bottom surface 52 and the top portion 53 of the fastening spring 5 as a reaction force.

With the above-mentioned structure, two lateral pressure receiving metal fittings 1, 1 are arranged on the sleeper T with the claw portions 15 of each lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1, 1 facing each other, and four lateral pressure receiving metal fittings 1, 1 are arranged. Claw part 1
5, the track pad 6 is provided in a substantially rectangular recess formed inside
Is installed so that the rail R is laid on the laid track pad 6, and the lateral pressure receiving fittings 1 and 1 are fixed to the sleeper T by the two screw nails 7 and 7, respectively. The arm portion 32 of the fastening bolt 3 is inserted into the bolt insertion space 16 of the lateral pressure receiving fitting 1.

Next, with the substantially chamfered surface of the upper surface of the arm portion 32 of the fastening bolt 3 being in contact with the ceiling surface 17 of the bolt insertion space 16, as shown in the left portion of FIG.
The rail pressing member 2 is attached so that the shaft portion 31 of the fastening spring 5 is inserted into the circular opening 24, and the bottom portion 52 of the fastening spring 5 is the top surface of the spring receiving seat portion 22 so that the shaft portion 31 of the fastening bolt 3 is passed through the cavity 51. Then, the fastening nut 4 is finally fastened by screwing the male screw portion 33 of the fastening bolt 3 into the female screw hole 41 of the fastening nut 4.

At this time, as shown in the right part of FIG. 1 and FIG.
The first leg portion 21 of the rail holding metal fitting 2 holds down the upper surface of the bottom of the rail R, the spring receiving seat portion 22 of the rail holding metal fitting 2 straddles the upright portion 12 of the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1, and the second leg of the rail holding metal fitting 2 is held. The part 23 presses the upper surface of the flat plate part 11 of the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1, and the second leg part 23 of the rail pressing metal fitting 2 slides in the rail lateral direction by the ridge 14 on the flat plate part 11 of the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1. Etc. should be regulated. In this way, the rail R can be elastically fastened to each lateral pressure receiving fitting 1.

Depending on the condition of the rail fastening portion, a packing material having a required thickness for height adjustment may be further inserted under the track pad 6 or the like. In such a case, since the height of the bottom of the rail R changes, the rail pressing fitting 2 tilts. However, the rail fastening device 1 of the present embodiment
In 00, the substantially semi-cylindrical surface, which is the upper surface of the arm portion 32 of the fastening bolt 3 inserted into the bolt insertion space 16 in the upright portion 12 of the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1, has a substantially semi-cylindrical surface shape of the bolt insertion space 16. It is in contact with the ceiling surface 17, and as shown in FIG. 7, the fastening bolt 3 is centered on the axis C of the arm portion 32.
The arm portion 32 of the fastening bolt 3 and the upright portion 12 of the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting form a hinge. Therefore, even if the height of the rail R changes and the rail pressing metal fitting 2 tilts, the fastening bolt 3 tilts following it, and the upper surface of the spring receiving seat portion 22 of the rail pressing metal fitting 2 is always perpendicular to the fastening spring 3. It can be pressed to.

In the first embodiment, as shown in the modified example of FIG. 8D, the cavity 51 of the fastening spring 5 is formed.
You may install the stopper 8 in it. The stopper 8 is a cylindrical member made of a strong metal such as steel and has a height h.
It is 3. Here, the thickness of the bottom of the fastening spring 5 is set to h
1 and the thickness of the fastening spring 5 up to the top 53 is h2,
The relationship of h1 <h3 <h2 is established.

With this structure, when the bottom surface of the fastening nut 4 reaches the upper end surface of the stopper 8 when the fastening nut 4 is tightened, the fastening nut 4 cannot be tightened any further. Therefore, the fastening force of the fastening spring 5 that elastically fastens the rail pressing fitting 2 to the lateral pressure receiving fitting 1 is
The force corresponding to the amount of spring deformation until the stopper 8 reaches the height h3 is suppressed. That is, by setting the axial length h3 of the cylindrical member to a predetermined value, the fastening force of the fastening spring 5 can be adjusted to a constant value.

Therefore, it is possible to easily achieve rail fastening having a longitudinal resistance equivalent to the degree of freedom of expansion and contraction in the longitudinal direction of the rail at the rail fastening point, and to make the axial pressure distribution in the rail longitudinal direction uniform in the front and rear sections. Therefore, even in the case of a long rail, buckling can be effectively prevented. Further, the tightening force of the tightening spring 5 can be adjusted only by rotating the tightening nut 4 until the tightening nut 4 can no longer be tightened, and the tightening force measurement work and the re-tightening work can be performed. Since it is unnecessary, work in the field is very easy.

(2) Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a rail fastening device according to a second embodiment of the present invention in a rail crossing direction.

As shown in the figure, this rail fastening device 20
Reference numeral 0 denotes the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1A, the fastening bolt 3A, the fastening spring 5A, the fastening nut 4A, the washer 9, and the track pad 6.
And a screw nail 7.

Of the components of the rail fastening device 200, the track pad 6 and the screw 7 are the same as those used in the rail fastening device 100 of the first embodiment. Therefore, the components different from the rail fastening device 100 of the first embodiment are the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1A, the fastening bolt 3A, the fastening spring 5A, the fastening nut 4A, and the washer 9. Hereinafter, further detailed configurations and operations of these will be described.

The lateral pressure receiving fitting 1A has a flat plate portion 11A, a rising portion 12A, and a claw portion 15A. The difference between the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1A of the second embodiment and the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1 of the first embodiment is that the fastening bolt 3A is provided at the upright portion 12A.
The point 16A that holds the base portion 34A is not a hinge structure as in the first embodiment but a fixed structure, and the point that the ridge 14 in the flat plate portion 11 is not provided in the first embodiment. .

The fastening spring 5A is a kind of plate spring in which a plate made of a metal elastic body such as steel is formed in a substantially "C" shape. One end of the fastening spring 5A presses the bottom portion of the rail R, and the other end of the fastening spring 5A has the other end of the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1 in the standing portion 1.
The back surface of 2A can be pressed. A circular opening 51A is formed substantially in the center of the fastening spring 5A, and the shaft portion 31A of the fastening bolt 3A can be inserted into the opening 51A. Further, a male screw portion is formed near the tip of the fastening bolt 3A, and the fastening nut 4A can be screwed into the male screw portion.

With the above configuration, the two lateral pressure receiving metal fittings 1A, 1A are connected to the claw portions 1 of the respective lateral pressure receiving metal fittings 1A, 1A.
Place on the sleeper T with 5A facing each other, 4
The lateral pad 6 is laid so as to accommodate the track pad 6 in a substantially rectangular recess formed inside each of the claw portions 15A, and the rail R is laid on the laid track pad 6 and each lateral pressure receiving metal fitting. After fixing 1A and 1A to the sleeper T with two screw nails 7 and 7, respectively, the base 34A of the fastening bolt 3A is inserted into the bolt insertion space 16A of the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1A,
Secure by screwing or expanding part.

Next, the fastening spring 5A is attached so that the shaft portion 31A of the fastening bolt 3A is inserted into the circular opening 51A, the washer 9 is inserted, and finally the male screw portion of the fastening bolt 3A is inserted into the female screw hole of the fastening nut 4A. The fastening nut 4A is fastened by screwing. In the case of the second embodiment as described above, as in the case of the first embodiment, the rail R can be elastically fastened to each lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1A.

In the above, there may be a case where a packing material having a required thickness for height adjustment is further inserted on the lower surface of the track pad 6 depending on the condition of the rail fastening portion. In such a case, the height of the bottom portion of the rail R changes, but this height change is absorbed by the deformation of the rail pressing end portion of the fastening spring 3A.

In each of the above embodiments, the screw nail 7 corresponds to sleeper fixing means. Further, the bolt insertion space 16, the rail retainer 2, the fastening bolt 3, the fastening spring 5, the fastening nut 4, and the fastening bolt 3A, the fastening spring 5A, and the fastening nut 4A constitute elastic fastening means.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Each of the above embodiments is merely an example, and has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention, and those having the same functions and effects are:
Anything is included in the technical scope of the present invention.

For example, in the above-described first embodiment, the ridges 1 provided on the flat plate portion 11 of the lateral pressure receiving fitting 1 are provided.
Although the example in which 4 is formed in a substantially semi-cylindrical shape has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and other forms such as
It may be a convex strip having a quadrangular cross section, or may be a recess into which the second leg portion 23 of the rail pressing fitting 2 can be fitted. The point is that any structure may be used as long as the rail pressing member 2 can be regulated so as not to slide laterally in the rail.

In the first embodiment described above,
The ceiling surface 17 of the shoulder portion of the bolt insertion space 16 provided in the upright portion 12 of the lateral pressure receiving fitting 1 is formed into a substantially semi-cylindrical surface, and the inverted T-shaped arm portion 32 of the fastening bolt 3 is formed into a substantially semi-cylindrical shape. Although the formed example is described, the present invention is not limited to this, and another form, for example, the ceiling surface 17 of the bolt insertion space 16 is formed in a curved shape, and the arm portion 32 of the fastening bolt 3 is formed. The ceiling surface 17 may be formed in a generally semi-cylindrical shape having a curvature smaller than that of the ceiling surface 17. In short, even if the height of the rail R is changed and the rail holding metal fitting 2 is tilted, the fastening bolt 3 is tilted accordingly, and the spring receiving seat portion 2 of the rail holding metal fitting 2 is tilted.
As long as the upper surface of 2 can be constantly pressed vertically by the fastening spring 3, the surface shapes of the ceiling surface 17 and the arm portion 32 may have any configuration.

In the first embodiment described above,
As an example of a fastening spring for elastically fastening the rail R to the lateral pressure receiving fitting 1, a fastening spring formed by spirally winding a metal elastic body into a substantially truncated cone shape has been described. The invention is not limited to this, and a fastening spring of another form, for example, a so-called “string winding spring” formed by spirally winding a metal elastic body to form a substantially cylindrical shape may be used. In short,
Any spring may be used as long as it is a spring formed by spirally winding a metal elastic body. Similarly, when the cylindrical stopper 8 is mounted in the fastening spring, the fastening spring may be any spring as long as it is formed by spirally winding a metal elastic body. Further, the thickness distribution of each part of the fastening spring formed by spirally winding the metal elastic body in the above-described first embodiment into a substantially truncated cone shape is not limited to that shown in FIG. The wall thickness distribution may be, for example, a uniform wall thickness over the whole.

Further, a fastening spring formed by spirally winding a metal elastic body, and a cylindrical member (stopper 8 in the first embodiment) mounted in a substantially cylindrical cavity penetrating the central portion of the fastening spring. Not only for elastic fastening of the rail in the rail fastening device 100 having the configuration of the first embodiment, but in general, the rail pressing fitting or the lateral pressure receiving fitting is elastically fastened directly or indirectly to the sleeper. It is applicable to all cases.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which the screw nail 7 is used as a means for fixing the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 1 to the sleeper T has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, other forms of sleeper fixing means, such as bolts, may be used.

Although the above description refers to wood sleepers as sleepers, the present invention is not limited to wood sleepers, and other forms of sleepers, such as concrete sleepers and iron sleepers. It may be sleepers. Further, it also includes a case where it is directly connected to a slab, a block, a steel bridge, etc. In this case, the slab mat, the block, the top plate member of the steel girder, etc. correspond to the sleeper.

Further, the present invention is not limited to the case where the existing rail fastening device is removed and provided instead of the existing rail fastening device when the traverse sewer or the like is provided in the ballast bed section of the existing railroad track. It is also possible to apply it to newly constructed railway tracks.

[0060]

As described above, according to the present invention,
When two lateral pressure receiving metal fittings are used and the claw portions of the respective lateral pressure receiving metal fittings are arranged on the sleeper so as to face each other, the track pad is formed in a substantially rectangular recess formed inside each of the claw portions. Since it is configured to accommodate the rail fastening device, it is possible to use a thicker track pad than in the case of the conventional rail fastening device, the spring constant value thereof can be reduced, and the thickness of the entire rail fastening device can be reduced from the conventional one. It can be set to a similar value. In this case, the claw portion of each lateral pressure receiving metal fitting regulates the movement of the track pad, but since it is not continuous in a thin frame shape unlike the conventional frame type tie plate, stress in the frame portion increases. There is no problem such as damage. Even when the packing material is inserted for adjusting the rail height, the ceiling surface of the shoulder portion of the inverted T-shaped bolt insertion space provided in the lateral pressure receiving metal fitting is curved to form one end of the shaft portion of the fastening bolt. From this, a substantially semi-cylindrical arm projectingly formed in an inverted T shape, the arm of the fastening bolt was inserted into the bolt insertion space, and the approximately semi-cylindrical surface of the arm was brought into contact with the ceiling surface of the bolt insertion space. In this case, since the fastening bolt is configured to swing like a hinge around the axis of the arm portion, even if the rail holding metal fitting tilts, the fastening bolt tilts following it and the spring of the rail holding metal fitting is tilted. The upper surface of the receiving seat can always be pressed vertically by the fastening spring. Further, a cylindrical member is mounted in a substantially cylindrical cavity that penetrates the central portion of a spiral fastening spring that elastically fastens the rail pressing fixture or the lateral pressure receiving fixture directly or indirectly to the sleeper. Since the fastening force can be adjusted by the axial length of the cylindrical member, it is easy to achieve rail fastening that has a vertical resistance that is approximately the same as the degree of freedom of expansion and contraction in the longitudinal direction of the rail before and after the rail fastening location. Since the axial pressure distribution in the rail longitudinal direction can be made uniform in the front and rear sections, buckling can be effectively prevented even in the case of a long rail.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overall configuration of a rail fastening device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the rail fastening device shown in FIG. 1 in a rail crossing direction.

3A and 3B are diagrams showing a configuration of a lateral pressure receiving metal fitting in the rail fastening device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein FIG. 3A is a front view seen from a rail crossing direction, and FIG. FIG. 3C shows a plan view and a side view, respectively.

4A and 4B are diagrams showing a configuration of a track pad in the rail fastening device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view seen from above, and FIG. 4B is seen from a rail crossing direction. The front views are respectively shown.

5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a screw nail in the rail fastening device shown in FIGS.

6A and 6B are diagrams showing a configuration of a rail pressing metal fitting in the rail fastening device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein FIG. 6A is a plan view seen from above, and FIG. 6B is seen from a rail transverse direction. The front views are respectively shown.

7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fastening bolt and a fastening nut in the rail fastening device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.
Shows a front view seen from the rail crossing direction, and FIG. 7 (B) shows a plan view seen from above.

8A and 8B are views showing a configuration of a fastening spring in the rail fastening device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein FIG. 8A is a plan view seen from above, FIG. 8B is a side view, and FIG. 8C is a sectional view taken along the line AA, and FIG. 8D is a line AA when the stopper is inserted.
Cross-sectional views are shown respectively.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of a rail fastening device according to a second embodiment of the present invention in a rail crossing direction.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,1A Lateral pressure receiving metal fitting 2 Rail pressing metal fitting 3,3A Tightening bolt 4,4A Tightening nut 5,5A Tightening spring 6 Track pad 7 Screw nail 8 Stopper 9 Washer 11, 11A Flat plate portion 12, 12A Standing portion 13, 13A Opening 14 ridges 15 and 15A claws 16 and 16A bolt insertion space 17 ceiling surface 18 and 18A screw nail receiving seat surface 21 first leg 22 spring receiving seat 23 second leg 24 opening 31 and 31A shaft 32 arm 33 Male screw portion 34A Base portion 41 Female screw hole 51 Cavity 51A Opening 52 Bottom surface 53 Top portion 61 Groove 71 Square pillar portion 72 Head portion 73 Tapered surface 74 Shaft portion 75 Male screw portion 100, 200 Rail fastening device H Screw hole R Rail T Railroad sleeper

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Takeji Fukuda 7-26-11 Onodai, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Keisuke Kiriki 1-525 Higashi Taisei Town, Omiya City, Saitama Prefecture

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A rail retainer for retaining the bottom of the rail,
Alternatively, it has a lateral pressure receiving metal fitting that acts on the bottom side surface of the rail in the transverse direction of the rail, and penetrates the fastening spring formed by spirally winding a metal elastic body and the central portion of the fastening spring. A cylindrical member that can be mounted in a substantially columnar cavity, a fastening bolt and a fastening nut, and elastically fasten the rail pressing fitting or the lateral pressure receiving fitting to a sleeper directly or indirectly, and A rail fastening device characterized in that the fastening force of a fastening spring can be adjusted by the axial length of the cylindrical member. 2. A flat plate portion, an upright portion that stands up from one side portion of the flat plate portion and receives a lateral pressure load that acts perpendicularly on a bottom side surface of the rail, and a rail crossing from both ends of the one side portion of the flat plate portion. Lateral pressure receiving metal fitting having a pair of claws protruding in the direction, sleeper fixing means for fixing the flat plate portion to the sleeper, and a vertical load formed on the bottom surface of the rail formed of an elastic material in a substantially flat plate shape. To the sleepers, and elastic fastening means for elastically fastening the rails to the lateral pressure receiving metal fittings. The two lateral pressure receiving metal fittings are provided with the claw portions of each lateral pressure receiving metal fitting. Rail fastening device characterized in that when the rails are arranged on the sleeper so as to face each other, the track pads are housed in substantially rectangular recesses formed inside the claw portions. . 3. The rail fastening device according to claim 2, wherein the elastic fastening means is formed in an inverted T shape in an intermediate portion of the upright portion, and a bolt insertion space in which a ceiling surface of a shoulder portion is curved. The rail pressing metal fitting for pressing the bottom of the rail, a fastening spring, a fastening bolt having a substantially T-shaped protrusion protruding from one end of the shaft portion in an inverted T shape, and a fastening nut. When the arm portion is inserted into the bolt insertion space and the substantially chamfered surface of the arm portion is brought into contact with the ceiling surface of the bolt insertion space, the fastening bolt swings around the axis of the arm portion. A rail fastening device characterized by being configured as possible. 4. The rail fastening device according to claim 3, wherein the fastening spring is a spring formed by spirally winding a metal elastic body. 5. The rail fastening device according to claim 4, further comprising a cylindrical member that can be mounted in a substantially columnar cavity that penetrates a central portion of the fastening spring, wherein the rail pressing fitting is the lateral pressure receiving fitting. The rail fastening device characterized in that the fastening force of the fastening spring that is elastically fastened to the can is adjusted by the axial length of the cylindrical member. 6. The rail fastening device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the sleeper fixing means is two screw nails arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the rail. A rail fastening device characterized by being present. 7. A lateral pressure receiving fitting having a flat plate portion, an upright portion standing upright from one side portion of the flat plate portion, and a pair of claw portions projecting in a rail transverse direction from both ends of the one side portion of the flat plate portion. ,
Sleeper fixing means for fixing the flat plate portion to the sleeper,
Using the rail fastening device having a track pad made of an elastic material and an elastic fastening means for elastically fastening the rail, the two lateral pressure receiving metal fittings are in a state in which the claw portions of each lateral pressure receiving metal fitting face each other. Is placed on the sleeper, and is laid so that the track pad is housed in a substantially rectangular recess formed inside each claw portion, and a rail is laid on the laid track pad. The lateral pressure receiving metal fittings are fixed to the sleepers by means of a band fixing means, the rails are elastically fastened to the lateral pressure receiving metal fittings by the elastic fastening means, and the vertical load acting on the bottom surface of the rails is applied by the track pads. A rail fastening method, characterized in that it is configured to be transmitted to the sleeper and to receive a lateral pressure load acting on a bottom side surface of the rail by a side surface of the standing portion.