JPH0893373A - Excavation guide pipe device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To enhance directional property and excavation efficiency by providing a projection part which exposes a hammer head on the front and projects in the radial direction over the outside diameter of a guide pipe and shielding the front of the guide pipe except for a take-in opening for removal of a crushed layer. CONSTITUTION: As a cover plate 5, which closes the front of a guide pipe serves to prevent the collapse of rocks or boulder-mixed earth produced from rock cracks, only finely crushed rock pieces are incorporated into the guide pipe from a take-in opening 9. Then, they are carried backward spontaneously. When the excavated rocks are homogeneous or the excavated earth is soft, the guide pipe is fully turned, thereby advancing. In this case, when the advancing direction is deviated due to asymmetric rocks, for example, the deviation of the advancing direction is measured by using a light reflector. A main hammer head 7a is positioned in the opposite direction to the deviation based on the turning of the guide pipe so that the guide pipe may be rocked on both ways. Then, the ground is excessively excavated with the hammer head 7a, thereby moving the tip of the guide pipe in the corrected direction of the deviation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a boring method,
In particular, it relates to a leading conduit device for cutting used in a horizontal boring cutting method. The device of the present invention can be used for sewer excavation, tunnel excavation and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in pipe work such as sewer work, in order to excavate the underground where there are many hard rocks and rocks, an advance conduit device is inserted into the soil from the side wall of the vertical shaft almost horizontally. The method of excavation is widely used. In tunnel excavation, so-called core removal (preliminary excavation for facilitating main excavation) is performed using a similar device. These devices are roughly classified into a bit type in which a drill bit is attached to the peripheral edge of the front end of the leading conduit to give a rotational force and thrust to the leading conduit to advance, and one or more hammer heads in front of the leading conduit. There are a hammer method in which the rock mass is crushed by the impact of the hammer head using the attached hammer device, and a combined method in which both are equipped. In the bit type tip conduit device for cutting, if the rock or rock is contained, the bit is worn out frequently, so it is necessary to replace the bit frequently, but it is troublesome to pull out the lead conduit and replace the bit. It is time consuming and uneconomical. The hammer method is suitable for excavation of soil including rocks and rocks, because it is a method of excavation by impact of hammer vibration, but it is not suitable for excavation in places without rocks.

Therefore, there is a system in which an air hammer device is attached to a front conduit provided with a drill bit at the front end periphery and the hammer head is operated when a rock is encountered.
No. 33, proposed by the inventor. In addition, in general, the horizontal cutting ahead conduit device has a drawback that the cutting direction is biased due to the soil quality, so it is necessary to provide means for correcting the cutting direction.
In the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 4-54833, if the hammerhead is attached to the front conduit with the axis of the pipe displaced, the cutting direction of the front conduit tends to be biased in that direction, so the front conduit is rotated in the direction to be corrected. The hammer head is positioned in that direction, and the tip conduit is advanced while oscillating around the pipe axis in small steps.

[0004]

However, there is the following problem in the drilling destination conduit device which uses both the excavating bit and the air hammer described in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-54833 mentioned above. That is, since a single hammer head provided at the off-axis position is used, there is a defect that the cutting direction greatly shifts to the side of the collapsed portion or the soft side of the hard rock where many cracks collapse or the rock-blended soil. However, the above-mentioned conventional device has a function of correcting the direction of movement, but the efficiency of the correction is low. In addition, about 2/3 of the front of the front conduit is open, so in hard rock that has many cracks and is prone to collapse, or in rock-mixed soil, large rock fragments that have collapsed collapsed into this open part, and therefore collapsed. There is a defect that the cutting direction is greatly deviated on the side. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a forward conduit device for excavation which has a larger excavation capacity than the conventional one and is easy to correct the excavation direction. Another object of the present invention is to provide a leading conduit device for carving which is capable of carving while preventing natural rock cracking, collapse due to rock cracking by hammer impact, and rock collapse due to boulders generated at the upper part of the leading conduit. That is.

[0005]

In the tipping conduit device for excavation of the present invention, the inside of the leading conduit 1 is exposed at the front surface of the leading conduit and projects radially beyond the outer diameter of the leading conduit. A first hammer device 8a having a first hammer head 7a having a portion and a second hammer device 8b having a second hammer head 7b exposed on the front surface of the tip conduit are attached. In the present invention, the leading conduit 1
Has a cover plate 5 that entirely shields the front surface of the leading conduit except for an intake port 9 for removing only crushed dust of a predetermined size or less. It is desirable that the first hammer head 7a has a larger working surface than the working surface of the second hammer head 7b.

[0006]

According to the configuration of the present invention, in excavation of hard rock with many natural rock cracks, hard rock with rock cracks caused by hammer impact, or rock-blended soil, it is possible to correct the cutting direction more than before. It becomes easy and it is possible to go straight ahead while preventing such rock fall of the ground. That is, in the shredding leading conduit device of the present invention, since the first hammer head 7a has a portion protruding in the radial direction beyond the outer diameter of the leading conduit, the ground is excessively excavated by this portion. In addition, the cutting direction can be easily corrected by selecting the angle around the tube axis of the first hammer head as the correction direction. In this case, it is possible to correct the direction and make a cut by swinging the leading conduit around the set angle at a predetermined angle. Further, the cutting can be carried out only by the first hammer head by combining the rocking and the rotation around the pipe axis, but in the present invention, instead, the first hammer head is covered while rocking the first hammer head. The part that cannot be done will be taken over by the second hammer, and the cutting efficiency will increase. The first hammer head is used as the main hammer head to increase its working area and take charge of the main cutting operation.
The second hammer head may be used as an auxiliary hammer head to excavate a portion that cannot be covered by the main hammer head. Further, since the front surface of the front conduit 1 is almost entirely covered by the cover plate 5 except for the take-out port 9, it is possible to perform the carving while preventing the rock mass from collapsing.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments of FIGS. The leading conduit 1 has the same diameter as the subsequent pipe to be buried in the ground and is welded to the tip of the succeeding pipe. The leading conduit 1 leads the pipe to be buried and is almost horizontal to the underground ground. Perform bowling. A large number of blade-shaped bits 6 are planted along the front edge of the front conduit 1. Inside the tip conduit, two large and small cylinders 2a for supporting and protecting the air hammer,
2b are arranged in parallel and fixed to the front conduit 1 by thrust blocks 3a and 3b. The drive unit 10a of the main air hammer device 8a is attached to the large-diameter cylindrical body 2a,
The drive parts 10b of the auxiliary air hammer device 8 are inserted into b, respectively, and the air pipes 9a and 9b for introducing compressed air are connected to their rear ends, respectively. Further, when the rear end of the front conduit or the pipe subsequent thereto is welded, a drive device 15 (FIG. 4) such as an electric motor which gives a rotational force around the pipe axis to the pipe is connected.

A movable piston 11 is provided in front of the main and auxiliary air hammer devices 8a and 8b through a spline-groove connection.
a and 11b extend, and a main hammer head 7a and an auxiliary hammer head 7b having a large number of projections on their working surfaces are integrated at their tips. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the main hammer head 7a and the auxiliary hammer head 7b are arranged on the same diameter at positions deviating from the pipe axis of the leading conduit, whereby a predetermined excavation area can be covered by swinging around the pipe axis. It is like this. The shape of the hammer head is arbitrary, and in the embodiment, it is basically rectangular, but it is also possible to process the outer shape of them based on a circular or other shape, and to facilitate the removal of crushed debris. One or more grooves may be provided on the surface acting on the ground.
As shown in FIG. 2, a part of the main hammer head 7a is projected outward in the radial direction by a dimension e (usually 5 to 15 mm) larger than the outer diameter of the tip conduit 1 to excessively excavate the ground.
On the other hand, the auxiliary hammer head 7b is located radially inward from the outer diameter of the leading conduit 1 by a dimension d (usually 5 to 15 mm) to prevent excessive excavation.

The front surface of the front conduit 1 is closed by a cover plate 5 except for the periphery. A plurality of elongated intake ports 9 are formed at regular intervals along the periphery of the cover plate 5. The size of the intake port is determined so that only crushed pieces of a predetermined size or smaller are taken into the leading conduit. Main and auxiliary hammer head 7
Reference characters a and 7b are formed integrally with the pistons 11a and 11, respectively, and are fitted in the openings formed in the cover plate 5.

As shown in FIG. 3, a light reflecting plate 13 is provided at the front end of the front conduit so that a light beam is incident from the rear end of the front conduit or the rear pipe, and the reflected light from the light reflecting plate 13 is received to make the front end of the front conduit. Accurate position is measured to detect deviation from the straight line in the cutting direction. Further, a water pipe 14 is provided in the vicinity of the light reflection plate 13, the water is used for cleaning the light reflection plate 13, dust from excavated earth and sand is suppressed, and the earth and sand are made into a viscous flow to form a front conduit and a steel pipe. The inside can be flushed backwards and discharged.

[0011]

[Operation] In use, as shown in FIG. 4, the rotational force and the thrust of the drive unit 15 installed in the vertical shaft 17 are applied to the front end of the front pipe 1 or the rear end of the steel pipe 16 arc-welded to the rear end of the front pipe to move the power. In addition, when hard rocks, boulders, etc. are encountered, the two air hammer devices 8a, 8b are actuated to crush the rocks with the impact force of the hammer head. The cover plate 5 that substantially closes the front surface of the front conduit 1 suppresses the collapse of rocks caused by natural rock cracks or rock cracks caused by hammering, or the collapse of boulder-mixed soil, so only rock fragments finely crushed to a prescribed size or less Has a narrow inlet 9 to a conduit 1
It is taken inside and naturally transported to the rear. The radius of the cut cross section at that time is about 10 to 15 mm of the radius of the leading conduit. In the case of homogeneous rock or soft soil, the tip conduit 1 is propelled while fully rotating. Even in such a straight traveling mode, the device of the present invention has better excavation efficiency and better direction retention than the conventional device described above. When an irregular rock encounters a deviation in the direction of propulsion, or even a homogeneous rock or soft soil causes a deviation in direction, make the following corrections.

Correction of the cutting direction The deviation of the cutting direction of the leading conduit is measured by using the light reflecting plate 13. When the cutting direction is shifted, the leading conduit is rotated to shift the main hammer head 7a. In the opposite direction, and then the leading conduit is rocked around that position to the left and right within an angular range of less than full rotation. Thereby, the main hammer head 7
Since part a of the a projects in the radial direction, the ground is excessively excavated, and the tip of the leading conduit moves in a direction to correct the deviation. Further, the auxiliary hammer head 7b excavates a portion which the main hammer head 7a could not excavate at that time. At this time, the bit 6 protects the outer circumference of the front surface of the leading pipe. After the correction is confirmed, go back to full rotation and proceed.
In addition, when turning the tip conduit left and right around the axis, the screw parts of both hammerheads try to loosen, but it does not come loose because the shape of the opening where the hammerhead appears and goes out and the cross-sectional outer shape of the hammerhead match. To be prevented.

[0013]

According to the configuration of the present invention, in excavation of hard rock with many natural rock cracks, hard rock in which rock cracks are generated by hammer impact, or rock-blended soil, it is possible to correct the running direction more than before. It becomes easy and it is possible to go straight ahead while preventing such rock fall of the ground. In addition, the device of the present invention has better directionality and excavation efficiency than the conventional method even when excavating homogeneous hard rock or soft soil.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in which details of an air hammer body of a leading conduit of a cutting leading conduit device of the present invention are omitted.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a leading conduit of the cutting leading conduit device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a use state of the cutting ahead conduit device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Front conduit 2a, 2b: Cylindrical body 5: Cover plate 7a, 7b: Hammer head 8a, 8b: Air hammer device 9a, 9b: Air pipe 10a, 10b: Drive part 11a, 11b: Piston 13: Light reflection plate 14: Water pipe 15: Drive device 16: Steel pipe

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Masami Kurosawa 2-2-17, Moiwadai, Taishiro-ku, Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture Kurosawa Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A first hammer device having a first hammer head inside a front conduit, the first hammer head having a portion exposed to a front surface of the front conduit and protruding radially beyond an outer diameter of the front conduit. A second hammer device having a second hammer head exposed on the front surface of the front conduit, and attached to the front conduit device for cutting. 2. The tipping conduit device for run-down according to claim 1, further comprising a cover plate which entirely covers the front surface of the leading conduit except an intake port for removing only crushed dust having a size smaller than a predetermined size. 3. The tipping conduit device according to claim 1, wherein the first hammer head has a working surface larger than that of the second hammer head. 4. The front pipe apparatus for cutting according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising power means for rotating a rear end of the front pipe or a steel pipe welded to the front pipe around an axis.