JPH0780122B2 - Computer numerical control type grinding machine and dresser tool correction determination method. - Google Patents

Abstract

To dress the grinding wheel (1), a revolver (20) rotatably mounted on a pivoting arm (12) and having at least two dressing tools (3, 21) is provided on a CNC grinding machine, the rotational axis (19) of the revolver running parallel to and at a distance from the CNC pivoting axis (6) of the pivoting arm. The stepping of the revolver is derived from the rotary movement of the pivoting arm about its pivoting axis by a recess (26) being formed in the revolver, into which recess (26) an indexing pin (31) axially displaceable in the bearing stand (11) of the pivoting arm can be moved in such a way that, when the pivoting arm rotates, the revolver held in place by the pin performs a relative rotary movement through which another dressing tool moves into working position. <IMAGE>

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a computer numerical control (CNC) grinder, and more particularly, to a rotary driven wheel and a basically circular wheel that acts on the wheel. At least one that includes a tool having a cross-sectional shape and is movable relative to the grinding wheel
The base dresser tool and the CN that holds the dresser tool, is pivotally supported by the support base, and passes through the center point of the circular cross section of the blade.
The present invention relates to a CNC control type grinding machine having a swivel arm which is swung by a control drive means about a C swivel center axis. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for determining the correction of a dresser tool in such a grinding machine.

[Prior Art and Problems of the Invention]

Since the known grinding machines of the kind mentioned above are equipped with only one dresser tool, different dresser tools are used to carry out different working steps, for example pre-dressing and finishing dressing. It is necessary to fit, adjust and make relative adjustments to the wheel. Such work is complicated,
This is a time-consuming operation and hinders the progress of the manufacturing process.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the defects and improve the grinder so that a plurality of dresser tools can be automatically brought into working position in sequence.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

A wheel that is driven to rotate, a plurality of dresser tools that are movable relative to the wheel and that have a blade that has a basically circular cross-section that acts on the wheel, and swivel on a support base. A swivel arm that is rotatably supported and is swung about a swivel axis that passes through the circular cross-section center point of the blade;
A revolver rotatably supported by a revolving arm and having the plurality of dresser tools attached thereto, a hollow provided on the revolver, and a revolving arm arranged in a revolving arm support.
And a reference pin of an axial sliding type that can enter during the hollowing, and the pivot axis of the revolver is arranged at a constant distance from the pivot axis of the pivot arm and parallel to the axis, and The tool switching motion is derived from the swing motion of the swing arm about the swing center axis, and when the swing arm swings, the revolver constrained by the reference pin performs a relative rotary motion, and the relative rotary motion causes another revolver to move. It is realized by a computer numerical control type grinding machine characterized in that a dresser tool is set at a working position.

Further, the present invention is provided with the above configuration, further, the reference surface is arranged at the height of the central axis of turning on the support base of the turning arm, and the measuring sensor is arranged on the cover box of the grinding wheel. In a grinding machine in which the measurement sensor can be brought into contact with the reference surface and the blade of the dresser tool, the wear of the dresser tool is measured by scanning each position of the reference surface and the blade of the dresser tool with the measurement sensor, and at the same time. Provided is a method for determining a correction of a dresser tool, which comprises investigating a deviation of a blade from a perfect circle by rotating a swivel arm, and thereby obtaining memory data for fine adjustment of a dresser.

The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, together with the accompanying drawings, contributes to the detailed description of the present invention.

〔Example〕

Relative movement between a dresser tool (for example, a diamond dresser) and a grinding wheel, which is required when dressing a grinding wheel having a cylindrical shape or other shapes, is a cooperation between the dresser and the grinding wheel or both. Can be produced by the CNC, the movement being controlled by the CNC-controller in the program.

As shown in FIG. 1, during dressing of the die grinding wheel 1 the longitudinal axis 2 of the dresser tool 3 forms an angle α ₀ with the axis 4 of rotation of the wheel 1, which angle It depends on the contours to be created around the wheel. FIG. 1 shows the dresser tool 3 in three different positions, each having a different angle α ₀ . If the outer circumference of the wheel is cylindrical (see dresser tool 3 ° in Fig. 1), the angle α ₀ is, for example, 95 °,
In other words, the dresser tool 3 is substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis 4 of the grinding wheel 1. For other contours it has to be adjusted to another angle α ₀ ,
The dresser tool 3 must be tilted accordingly (the two dressers 3 and 3 "shown in FIG. 1).
Position, see).

As already mentioned, the blade 5 of the dresser tool 3 basically has a circular cross-sectional shape. When the dresser is tilted during dressing, the turning center axis line 6 of the tilt turning passes through the center point of the circle formed by the blade 5. As a result, no shape distortion occurs in the dressing contour when the dresser tool 3 is rotated. The center points of the circles formed by the blades 5 through which the swivel axis 6 of the dresser tool 3 passes follow the contours to be produced constantly equidistantly during the dressing operation, which intervals are then taken. Equal to the radius of the circle forming the tip of 3.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2a, the dresser tool 3 has a longitudinal axis 2 between the operating point 7 of the dresser tool 3 and a radius 8 connecting the center of the wheel 1 and α ₁ (for example, 5 ′). )
It is arranged to include the angle of. This arrangement of the dresser tool 3 is related to the rotation direction D of the wheel & pinion 1,
Also known as "honing".

According to the present invention, the center axis 6 of turning of the dresser tool 3 is not designed to be exactly in contact with the circumference of the wheel 1 at the point of action 7, but to form an angle of α ₂ with respect to the tangent. .
When α ₁ and α ₂ are selected to be substantially equal to each other, the center point of the blade 5 at the tip of the dresser tool 3 and the center line of the blade 5 at the tip almost overlap with the pivot axis. This allows
When the dresser tool 3 is turned, for example, the circle that determines the tip of the dresser tool 3 is always projected equally with respect to the cylindrical outer peripheral surface portion of the grinding wheel 1, and the distance a shown in FIG. 2a is maintained. It As a result, the "waviness" of the surface of the grinding wheel 1 to be dressed is avoided.

FIG. 2b shows the overall dressing device 10, in which a swivel arm 12 is rotatably supported on a support 11 by a ball bearing 13 about the swivel axis 6 described above. Shaft 14
Is fixedly connected to the swivel arm 12 and is supported by a ball bearing 13, and is driven by a belt (not shown) and a belt pulley 16 by a motor (not shown).
Driven through. Since this drive is performed under CNC control, it is possible to transmit a precisely defined angular position to the swivel arm 12. The support 11 itself is fixedly connected to a machine table 17, which is not shown in detail, which table can be adjusted in at least two directions with respect to the wheel 1 in a manner known per se. The swivel arm 12 has a crank shape.

A shaft 19 is rotatably arranged at the free end 18 of the swivel arm 12 and is fixedly connected to the revolver 20 at its free end. In addition to the dresser tool 3, the revolver 20 has three more dresser tools 21,2.
2,23 are arranged, each dresser tool can be fixed to each holder 24, this holder
The 24 itself is positioned and joined to the body of the revolver 20. The revolver 20 is therefore rotatable about the axis of the shaft 19, the axis of rotation of which extends parallel to the pivot axis 6 of the pivot arm 12 at a constant distance. . Therefore, different dresser tools can be alternately brought into the working position for the grinding wheel 1.

The shaft 19 has a groove cam 25 at the end opposite to the revolver 20.
The groove cam 25 is formed with a cross-shaped cutout 26 on the free rear surface thereof. (Third
(See Figures and 8).

The shaft 19 arranged at the free end 18 of the swivel arm 12 is further slidable and is prestressed towards its normal position (left in FIG. 2b) by a spring member 27. A centering tooth profile is provided between the main body of the revolver 20 and the swivel arm adjusting member 28 which will be described in detail later.
29 are formed. When the shaft 19 is displaced from its normal position (to the right in FIG. 2b) against the action of the spring member 27, the tooth profile 29 disengages and is retained by the revolver 20 and the revolver. It is possible to twist with the dresser tool.

In the support base 11 of the swivel arm 12, a reference pin 31 is supported in a sliding manner against the pressure of a spring 32. The pin 31 is connected to a piston 33, which is acted on by a pressure medium, for example compressed air, through the hole 34.
Projects from the support 11 (to the right in FIG. 2b). The reference pin 31 then penetrates into the cross groove 26,
As a result, the revolver 20 together with the groove cam 25 is fixed relative to the support base 11. Furthermore, the shaft 19 is displaced by the pin 31 that hits the bottom of the cross groove, and
29 is disengaged.

The reference pin 31 penetrates into one of the arms of the cross groove 26, and the tooth profile 29
Is out of mesh. Now this revolver
When the turning arm 12 is turned around the turning center axis 6 while the 20 is fixed, the turning arm 12 and the support base are
Relative displacement occurs with the revolver 20, which is fixed at 11, which can bring a new dresser tool into the working position.

This process will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 3, the swivel arm 12 is in its normal position,
The dresser tool 3 acts on the grinding wheel 1. The turning center axis 6 of the turning arm 12 passes through the center point of the circular blade 5 at the tip of the dresser tool 3. Reference pin 31 and cross groove 26
The position of is indicated by the dashed line. Revolver 20 is arrow R
, And the swivel arm 12 can swivel in the direction of arrow S. By the numerically controlled swivel motion, the swivel arm 12 first reaches the position shown in FIG. 4, and at this position, the reference pin 31 enters the arm of the cross groove 26, thereby fixing the revolver 20 and Tooth 29 is disengaged. Now, the swivel arm 12 is swung further in the direction of the arrow S with the revolver 20 fixed, whereby relative twisting is induced between the revolver 20 and the swivel arm 12. This relative movement causes the dresser tool 21 to reach the position of the dresser tool 3 while the dresser tool 3
Moves to the position previously occupied by the dresser tool 23. By this method, numerical control of the swing arm 12 and the reference pin
The dresser tool can be replaced only by using 31 and. After the end of this exchange process, the pivot arm 12 is returned to its normal position. When the reference pin 31 is pulled back, the new dresser tool 21 is centered by the tooth profile 29.

As can be seen from the rear side of the swivel arm 12 shown in FIG. 3 and in particular in FIG. 8, the swivel arm 12 has a recess 35 in addition to the grooved cam 25, so that the swivel arm 12 is in a corresponding angular position. If so, the remotely controlled reference pin 31 can be inserted into this hollow 35 as required. This allows the swivel arm 12 to be restrained in its normal position without play of swivel drive, which allows particularly accurate dressing of the grinding wheel cylindrical outer peripheral surface.

FIG. 6 shows the dresser tool 3 worn by the dressing of the grinding wheel. The original circular "tip" 5 of the dresser tool 3, shown in phantom, has been wavy as a result of wear. The corrugated shape is within a certain tolerance, for example arcs 5'and 5 "shown in FIG.
And the dresser tool 3 can be used further. However, in such a case, a new adjustment is necessary in order to make the center points of the arcs 5'and 5 "coincide with the pivot axis of the pivot arm 12. As is clear from FIG. Originally, it coincides with the turning center axis line 6. Therefore, the center points of the arcs 5'and 5 "displayed at 6'are ΔH downward and ΔS to the right as compared with the center points of the arcs displayed at 6. Just shifted. Therefore, the dresser tool 3 must be newly adjusted by .DELTA.H and .DELTA.S, respectively, in order for the actual turning center axis of the turning arm 12 to coincide with the center point 6'of the new circle. The device according to the invention can also automatically perform this new adjustment,
This will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2b and 7, 8, and 9.

FIG. 7 shows a view as seen from a direction shifted by 90 ° compared to FIG. 2b. The aforementioned adjusting member 28 of the swivel arm 12 includes the bolts 36 and 37 (FIG. 2b) and the spring 38 and
It is loosely connected to the other part of the swivel arm 12 via 39 and is therefore slightly movable relative to that part of the swivel arm. Between the adjusting member 28 and the other part of the swivel arm 12, balls 41 arranged linearly in the corresponding grooves of the swivel arm 12 and the adjusting member 28 are arranged (FIGS. 7 and 9). These figures form a ball guide as a whole, on one hand allowing a limited movement of the adjusting member 28 along the axis of the ball guide and on the other hand centered on that axis. A swivel is possible, but in this case the maximum degree of swivel depends on the intermediate space between the swivel arm 12 and the adjusting member 28. Said translation is in FIG. 7 perpendicular to the plane shown in the drawing and in FIG. 2b in the plane shown in the drawing, and therefore from bottom to top or its The reverse is done. Due to the movability of the adjusting member 28, the deviations ΔH and ΔS explained in connection with FIG.
The deviation ΔH is corrected by the translational movement of the adjusting member 28 along the axis of the ball guide, and the deviation ΔS is corrected by the turning of the adjusting member 28 about the axis. Spring member
By means of 27, it is possible to carry out the aforementioned (slight) displacement movement on a shaft 19 which is arranged in the swivel arm 12 with some play.

As is apparent from FIG. 7, a shaft 42 is rotatably supported in the swivel arm 12 in a non-slidable manner in the axial direction, and the shaft 42 protrudes into the adjusting member 28. An eccentric rod 43 is held at the end. As shown in FIG. 9, the eccentric rod 43 abuts a cylindrical pin 44 arranged in the adjusting member 28, which pin 44 also has a headless screw 45.
Is supported by. Thus, when the shaft 42 is rotated, a relative translational movement of the adjusting member 28 (and the dresser tool 3) with respect to the other parts of the pivot arm 12 described above is performed.

A swivel arm for swiveling the adjusting member 28 described above.
In FIG. 12 (see FIG. 7), a screw spindle 46 is further rotatably supported, and a leg 47 is slidably supported at the end of the screw spindle 46 on the adjusting member 28 side. . Leg 47
Are also supported during the corresponding hollowing of the adjusting member 28. Therefore, when the screw spindle 46 is twisted,
The displacement of the leg 47 associated therewith causes the adjustment member 28 to pivot about the axis of the ball guide.

The ends of the shaft 42 and the threaded spindle 46 projecting from the swivel arm 12 are respectively arranged so that the rotary movements of the shaft 42 and the threaded spindle 46 required for precise readjustment of the dresser tool 3 can be carried out automatically. 1 lever arm 4
8,49 are fixedly attached (Figs. 7 and 8). When the swivel arm 12 is CNC-controlled to swivel about the swivel center axis 6 with the reference pin 31 pulled out (indicated by a chain line in FIGS. 7 and 8), the lever arm 48, 49 can be brought into contact with the pin 31, and this can then again be used to correct the deviations ΔH to ΔS in the manner described above.

As shown in FIG. 2b, a protective hood is connected to the main body of the revolver 20, but this hood includes an adjusting member 28.
The protective hood 51 does not interfere with the displacement movement of the revolver 20 and the adjusting member 28 because the protective hood 51 extends further over the cover and is flexibly supported by the swivel arm 12 via the packing 52.

A support 11 (movably arranged on the machine table) for a swivel arm 12, as schematically shown in FIG.
A spherical reference surface 54, which is formed as a laterally projecting stopper 53, is arranged on the tip of the dresser tool 3, as indicated by the dashed line 55. Are aligned so that they are flush with.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stopper 53 having the reference surface 54 is disposed on the support base 11 in a height-adjustable manner, so that the reference surface is exactly flush with the dresser tool 3. Can be matched. The grinding wheel 1 is covered by a method known per se, and a casing 57 of a measuring sensor 58 is connected to a cover box 56 used as a protective hood, and is supported in an axially sliding manner by a known method. A flat surface 50 is provided on the side of the scanning pin 59 facing the spherical reference surface 54. The casing 57 is also preferably arranged in the box 56 so as to slide in the height direction, so that it can be returned to the standby position during normal operation of the grinding machine. The heightwise sliding movement of the measuring sensor 58 can be performed automatically by pressure medium or electromechanically.

Using the scanning pin 59 of the measuring sensor 58 brought into the operating position, the position of the diamond top of the dresser tool 3 can be compared accurately with the reference plane 54.
Therefore, by moving the support base 11, the dresser tool 3 is brought to the position indicated by the chain line in FIG.

While the scanning pin 59 is in contact with the tip of the dresser tool 3, the tip of the swivel arm 12 is swung about the swivel axis 6 positioned in accordance with the tip of the dresser tool 3 as described above. It is possible to easily check the wear state and the adjustment deviation and record them by a known method. As a result, in particular, memory data concerning the wear shape of the dresser tip shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained, and this data can be used for the calculation of the arcs 5'and 5 ". Thus, a simple method is obtained in which the value of is automatically obtained, and then the adjustment command required for the above-mentioned CNC-controlled dresser fine adjustment is derived.

The dressing device can be fixedly arranged on the machine table 17 which can be moved in the usual way, as described above. In such a case, the movement / adjustment movement may be performed by other movements by the machine table, so that the CNC of the revolving arm 12 about the revolving center axis 6 is used.
Only a controlled swivel movement is required. However, in another embodiment of the invention, it is possible to mount the dressing device "overhead", i.e. flipped 180 ° and mounted directly down the cover box 56. Also in this case,
Two more translational adjustment axes are required to carry out the dressing.

Instead of the fixed dresser (diamond top), a rotary dresser, for example, a diamond forming roll can be attached to the revolver 20. Further, it is possible to attach a stopper, for example, a stopper for the reference standard of the measuring instrument, in the revolver, if necessary.

In the dressing device described above, it is advantageous that the power supply lead-in wire, the pressure medium lead-in tube, etc. do not have to perform the pivoting movement of the pivoting arm together.

The fine adjustments made using the shaft 42 as well as the threaded spindle 46 are not only available for adjusting worn dressers, but generally when another revolver 20 with a different dresser is mounted on the swivel arm 12. Can also be used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a dresser tool applied to the wheel of a die grinder, FIG. 2a is a side view seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2b is a dresser device having a swing arm. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a side view seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. 2b, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are views similar to FIG. 3 showing the swivel arm and the revolver in different positions, FIG. 6 is a view for explaining wear of the dresser tool, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 in FIG. 2b, and FIG. 8 is taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 2b and FIG. FIG. 9 is a sectional view, FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line 9-9 in FIG. 7, and FIG. 10 is a schematic side view for explaining dresser adjustment. 1 ... Wheel, 3, 21, 22, 23 ... Dresser tool, 5 ... Blade,
11 ... Support base, 12 ... Revolving arm, 19 ... Shaft, 20 ... Revolver, 26 ... Hollow-out, 31 ... Reference pin.

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of wheel wheels (1) which are driven to rotate and a plurality of blades which act on the wheel wheel and which have a basically circular cross-section, and which are movable relative to the wheel wheel. Of the dresser tool (3,21,22,23) and a support base (11) capable of turning, and a turning arm that is turned about a turning center axis (6) passing through the center point of the circular cross section of the blade ( 12), a revolver (20) rotatably supported by the swivel arm (12) and having the plurality of dresser tools (3, 21, 22, 23) attached thereto, and a hollow (26) provided on the revolver. , A swivel arm support base (11) and an axially sliding reference pin (31) that can enter into the hollow, and the swivel center axis (19) of the revolver swivels the swivel arm. It is arranged at a constant distance from the central axis (6) and parallel to it, and The tool switching motion of the bar is derived from the swivel motion of the swivel arm around the swivel center axis, and when the swivel arm swivels, the revolver constrained by the reference pin performs relative rotary motion, and the relative rotary motion causes A computer numerically controlled grinding machine characterized in that another dresser tool is set in the working position. 2. The revolver (20) holds four dresser tools (3, 21, 22, 23) and the hollow (26) for accommodating the reference pin (31) is formed as a cross groove. The grinding machine according to 1. 3. The revolver (20) is normally provided with spring pressure (2
It is restrained (29) to the swivel arm (12) by 7),
2. The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the restraint (29) is released after the reference pin (31) has penetrated into the hollow (26), whereby the revolver can be moved in a switching manner. 4. A revolver (20) is supported on an adjusting member (28), which adjusting member (3, 21, 22, 2).
For fine adjustment of 3), two directions (Δ
H, ΔS), the displacement movement being derived from the swivel movement of the swivel arm about the swivel center axis (6), for which an adjusting element (42, 46) is provided, the adjusting element being The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotary arm contacts the stopper (31) when the rotary arm rotates, thereby causing the displacement motion. 5. The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the stopper is formed as a reference pin (31). 6. A linear ball guide (41) having an adjusting member (28).
The grinding machine according to claim 4, wherein the grinding machine is supported in a form capable of sliding and tilting with respect to the revolving arm (12) through the legs (47). 7. A rotary eccentric rod (43) is provided as an adjusting element, and the eccentric rod allows the adjusting member (28) to slide along the ball guide (41). Grinder. 8. The grinding machine according to claim 6, further comprising a screw spindle (46) as an adjusting element, by which the adjusting member (28) can be tilted about the axis of the ball guide (41). 9. An eccentric rod (43), a screw spindle (46) and a lever arm (48, 49) are fixedly coupled to each other, and the lever arm rotates the reference pin (3) when the turning arm (12) turns.
The grinding machine according to claim 6 or 8, which comes into contact with 1). 10. A reference pin (3) for restraining a swing arm.
2. The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the swivel arm (12) is provided with a hole (35) into which 1) can enter. 11. The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the support base (11) of the swivel arm (12) is arranged on a machine table (17) movable in two coordinate directions. 12. A support base (11) for a revolving arm (12) is attached to a skid, and the skid is further movable in two coordinate directions so that a grinding machine wheel spindle box (5).
The grinding machine according to claim 1, which is supported by 6). 13. A reference surface (54) is arranged on a support base (11) of a turning arm (12) at a height of a turning center axis (6), and is measured on a wheel cover box (56). 5. A grinding machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that a sensor (58,59) is arranged, which measuring sensor can be brought into contact with the reference surface and the blade (5) of the dresser tool (3,21,22,23). 14. The grinding machine according to claim 13, wherein at least one of the reference surface (54) and the measuring sensor (58) is formed so that its height can be adjusted. 15. A plurality of wheel wheels (1) that are driven to rotate and a plurality of blades that act on the wheel wheel and that have a basically circular cross-section, and are movable relative to the wheel wheel. Of the dresser tool (3,21,22,23) and a support base (11) so as to be rotatable, and can be swung about a swivel center axis (6) passing through the center point of the circular cross section of the blade ( 12)
And a revolver (20) rotatably supported by the swivel arm (12) and having the plurality of dresser tools (3, 21, 22, 23) attached thereto, and a hollow (2) provided on the revolver.
6) and an axially sliding reference pin (31) which is arranged in the swivel arm support base (11) and which can enter the hollow arm.
And the swivel center axis (19) of the revolver is arranged at a constant distance from the swivel center axis (6) of the swivel arm and parallel to the axis, and the tool switching movement of the revolver moves along the swivel center axis. The revolver, which is derived from the revolving motion of the revolving arm around the center and is restrained by the reference pin when the revolving arm revolves, performs a relative rotational motion, and the relative rotational motion sets another dresser tool to a working position. And the swivel arm (1
The reference surface (54) is arranged on the support base (11) of 2) at the height of the turning center axis (6), and the measurement sensors (58, 59) are arranged on the cover box (56) of the grinding wheel. The measurement sensor is used as a reference surface and dresser tool (3,21,22,2
In a grinder that can be brought into contact with the blade (5) of 3), the wear of the dresser tool is measured by scanning each position of the reference surface and the blade of the dresser tool with a measuring sensor, and the swivel arm is swung at the same time. A method for determining the correction of a dresser tool, characterized in that the deviation of the blade from a perfect circle is investigated by doing so, and memory data for fine adjustment of the dresser is obtained by this.