JPH07190321A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent adverse influence of exhaust gas to a peripheral environment by sufficiently thermally decomposing smoke generated by combustion of a matter to be incinerated. CONSTITUTION:The incinerator comprises a combustion chamber 1 having an inlet for matter S to be incinerated to burn the matter S to be incinerated, a ceramic cylinder 10 provided in the chamber 1 and opposed to an interior of the chamber l, a heater 13 for heating the cylinder 10 by combustion of coke 16, and a guide tube 20 covering the cylinder 10 and having many smoke inlets 21 to introduce smoke generated by the combustion of the matter S to the cylinder 10 via a flue 22 formed to the cylinder 10. The incinerator further comprises an exhaust tube 23 connected to an outlet side of the cylinder 10 to exhaust the smoke to be introduced from the inlets of the cylinder 10 out of the chamber 1, combustion air supply units 30, 35 for supplying combustion air to the chamber 1, an exhaust treating unit 50 connected to the tube 23 to expose exhaust gas from the tube 23 with water to treat it, and a suction unit 60 for forcibly exhausting of the tube 23.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator for incinerating incinerators such as garbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an incinerator for incinerating incinerated materials such as garbage, for example, a combustion chamber formed of a heat-resistant member for incinerating the incinerated materials is provided, and combustion gas from a lower part of the combustion chamber by a gas burner or the like In addition to forcibly burning, the incineration is combusted by this combustion, and the smoke generated by the combustion of the incineration is exhausted from the chimney communicating with the combustion chamber to the outside to incinerate the incineration. There is.

[0003]

By the way, in this conventional incinerator, if the incineration of the incineration is insufficient,
There is a problem that the content of dust and odorous components contained in the smoke exhausted from the chimney increases and becomes dirty, which adversely affects the surrounding environment. In particular, this tendency becomes remarkable in the case where the amount of water such as raw garbage is large and the case where the combustion efficiency of the resin product is low.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to make it possible to sufficiently thermally decompose the smoke produced by the combustion of incineration materials, and the adverse effects of exhaust gas on the surrounding environment. There is a point to prevent.

[0005]

The technical means of the present invention for solving such a problem is a combustion chamber having an incinerator inlet and in which the incinerated substance is burned, and in a combustion chamber. A cylinder made of ceramics, the inlet of which faces the combustion chamber, a heating section for heating the cylinder, and a large number of smoke inlets that cover the cylinder and into which smoke generated by combustion of incineration enters A guide pipe that leads to the inlet of the cylinder through a flue formed between the body and an exhaust pipe that is connected to the outlet side of the cylinder and that exhausts the smoke introduced from the inlet of the cylinder to the outside of the combustion chamber. And a combustion air supply unit for supplying combustion air to the combustion chamber.

Then, if necessary, the heating section is connected between the tubular body and the exhaust pipe and is heated to transfer heat to the tubular body, and the heating pipe is accommodated and the heating pipe is heated. And a heating chamber that accommodates a heat source.

Further, it is effective that the heating chamber and the guide tube are communicated with each other.

If necessary, a suction portion for forcibly exhausting the exhaust pipe is provided.

Further, if necessary, a sieving part provided on the bottom wall of the combustion chamber for passing the ash of the incineration product, an ash storage chamber for storing the ash that has passed through the sieving part, the ash storage chamber and the above-mentioned guide pipe. And an ash feed air supply unit that blows air into the ash storage chamber and sends the ash in the ash storage chamber to the flue through the ash passage pipe. I am trying.

If necessary, the exhaust pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe to expose the exhaust gas to water to process the exhaust gas.

The exhaust processing unit is connected to an exhaust pipe to which exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe flows, a shower provided on the upper portion of the exhaust tank for sprinkling water, and an exhaust tank bottom portion provided on the exhaust tank. It is effective to have a discharge port for discharging the sludge accumulated in the.

[0012]

According to the incinerator having such a structure, the incinerated matter is thrown into the combustion chamber through the charging port, and the heating section heats the cylindrical body. Smoke is generated when the incinerated matter is burned in the combustion chamber by the air from the combustion air supply section, and this smoke enters through the multiple smoke inlets of the guide tube and passes through the flue formed between the cylinder and the cylinder. It is guided to the entrance of the body and then exhausted from the exhaust pipe through the cylinder. In this case, if combustion of the incineration is insufficient, the content of dust and odorous components in the smoke increases, but since the smoke is exposed to the cylinder heated to high temperature while passing through the flue, Due to this contact, the smoke component is thermally decomposed, and after passing through the flue, it passes through the inside of the cylinder, so that it is exposed to the cylinder again, and this contact causes the thermal decomposition of the smoke component. Done. Therefore, when passing through the exhaust pipe, the content of dust and odorous components becomes extremely small.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, in the incinerator according to the embodiment, reference numeral 1 denotes a combustion chamber in which an incineration material S such as dust is burned, which is formed of a heat resistant member in a rectangular parallelepiped box shape. The bottom wall of the combustion chamber 1 is vertically divided into three parts, and has a central bottom wall 2 formed in a semicircular cross section and protruding upward, and planar side bottom walls 3 on the left and right of the central bottom wall 2. It consists of and.

Reference numeral 4 designates a pair of inlets provided on both sides of the upper part of the combustion chamber 1 for injecting the incinerated material S, 5 an open / close door for opening and closing the inlet 4, and 6 temporarily holding the incinerated material S introduced. It is a holding room. A shutter 7 is provided below the storage chamber 6 to open and close from the outside so that the incinerated material S is retained in the storage chamber 6 when closed and drops the incinerated material S into the combustion chamber 1 when opened. Reference numeral 8 denotes a chevron-shaped separating plate that is erected at the center of the side bottom wall 3 of the combustion chamber 1 and has a top portion 8a below the shutter 7. The incineration material S dropped from the holding chamber 6 is separated into left and right portions by the top portion 8a. And then spread it.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a ceramic cylinder, which is erected in the center of the combustion chamber 1 so that the upper inlet 11 faces the combustion chamber 1. Examples of ceramics include those mainly containing magnesium oxide and zirconium oxide (Z
Appropriate ones such as those mainly containing rO ₂ ) or those mainly containing aluminum oxide are used. As much as possible, a material having high heat resistance, for example, capable of heating up to about 2000 ° C. is desirable. The outlet 12 side of the cylindrical body 10 penetrates the central bottom wall 2 of the combustion chamber 1 and extends downward. A heating unit 13 heats the cylindrical body 10. In the heating unit 13, 14 is a ceramic heating tube that is heated and transfers heat to the cylindrical body 10, and is connected to the outlet 12 of the cylindrical body 10 and extends in the lateral direction. 15 is a central bottom wall 2 of the combustion chamber 1.
Is a heating chamber which is provided below the central bottom wall 2 as a ceiling wall and which houses the heating tube 14 and a heat source for heating the heating tube 14. In the embodiment, the coke 16 is used as the heat source, and the heating chamber 15 contains the coke 16. Reference numeral 17 denotes a coke inlet provided on the outer wall of the heating chamber 15 and capable of opening and closing the coke 16, and reference numeral 18 denotes an air inlet for the combustion air of the coke 16. The heating chamber 15 is provided with an outlet (not shown) for taking out the ash of the coke 16.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a tubular guide tube which covers the tubular body 10 and is provided with a large number of smoke inlets 21 into which smoke generated by the combustion of the incineration S enters, and the smoke which enters from the smoke inlets 21 is piped. It is guided to the inlet 11 of the tubular body 10 through a flue 22 formed between the body 10. Base end 20a of guide tube 20
Is erected on the central bottom wall 2 of the combustion chamber 1, and
The heating chamber 15 and the guide tube 20 are communicated with each other. Reference numeral 23 denotes an exhaust pipe, which is connected to one end of the heating pipe 14 connected to the outlet 12 side of the tubular body 10 and exhausts smoke introduced from the inlet 11 of the tubular body 10 to the outside of the combustion chamber 1. Is. The other end of the heating pipe 14 projects to the outside of the heating chamber 15, and the other end opening is provided with an air intake mechanism 24 whose opening can be adjusted so that combustion air can flow into the heating pipe 14. It is formed so that it can.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, reference numeral 30 is a first combustion air supply section for forcibly supplying combustion air to the combustion chamber 1. The first combustion air supply unit 30 passes through the center of the ceiling wall of the combustion chamber 1, has one end connected to an air supply blower 31 outside the combustion chamber 1, and has the other end facing the inlet 11 of the tubular body 10. 32 are provided. At the other end of the pipe 32,
A cap-shaped cover plate 33 that covers the inlet 11 of the cylindrical body 10 and the upper opening 20b of the guide tube 20 is provided. Reference numeral 35 is a second combustion air supply unit that supplies combustion air to the combustion chamber 1. The second combustion air supply unit 35, as shown in FIG.
A large number of air inlets 38 are provided around the lower side of the air passage, the air inlets 38 are communicated with a duct 36 provided on the outer periphery, and air is forcibly supplied to the duct 36 from an air supply blower 37. Air is fed from the air inlet 38 into the combustion chamber 1 through the duct 36.

Reference numeral 40 designates a mesh-like primary sieving portion which is provided on the side bottom wall 3 of the combustion chamber 1 on the left and right of the separating plate 8 and through which the ash of the incineration material S passes, and 41 is provided below the primary sieving portion 40. An ash storage chamber that stores ash that has passed through the primary sieving unit 40. Below the primary sieving portion 40, the ash storage chamber 41 is provided with a secondary sieving portion 42, which is finer than the primary sieving portion 40, through which the ash of the incineration S passes. Reference numeral 43 designates a side wall of the combustion chamber 1 which can be opened and closed to take out ash on the primary sieving section 40, and 44 designates a side wall of the ash storage chamber 41 for taking out ash on the secondary sieving section 42. It is an opening that can be opened and closed.

An intermediate chamber 45 having a ceiling wall at the center of the side bottom wall 3 is formed in the intermediate portion of the ash storage chamber 41. Below the intermediate chamber 45 is a secondary sieve. A lower opening 46 is provided for allowing the ash that has passed through the portion 42 to pass into the intermediate chamber 45. Intermediate chamber 45 of this ash storage chamber 41
And an ash passage pipe 4 through which ash can pass between the guide pipe 20 and the guide pipe 20.
7 is connected. The ash passage pipe 47 extends from the ceiling wall of the intermediate chamber 45 through the lower part of the separation plate 8 of the combustion chamber 1 to the guide pipe 20. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, reference numeral 48 denotes an ash feed air supply unit, which blows air into the ash storage chamber 41 from an air hole 49 provided in a side wall of the ash storage chamber 41 to remove the ash in the ash storage chamber 41. Is sent to the flue 22 through the ash passage pipe 47.

Reference numeral 50 denotes the exhaust pipe 2 as shown in FIG.
An exhaust treatment unit 3 is connected to treat the exhaust from the exhaust pipe 23 by exposing it to water. The exhaust processing unit 50 includes the exhaust pipe 2
Exhaust tank 5 to which exhaust gas from exhaust pipe 23 is connected and to which 3 is connected
1, a shower 52 provided in the upper part of the exhaust tank 51 for sprinkling water, and an exhaust port 53 provided in the exhaust tank 51 for exhausting sludge accumulated at the bottom of the exhaust tank 51.

As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 60 is a suction portion for forcibly exhausting the exhaust pipe 23. The suction unit 60 is provided in the exhaust tank 51 of the exhaust processing unit 50,
1 is provided with an exhaust fan 62 for making the inside a negative pressure, and by driving the exhaust fan 62, the cylindrical body 10, the heating pipe 14, and the exhaust pipe 2
The exhaust gas of No. 3 is sucked. 63 is an exhaust fan 62
It is the exhaust stack.

Next, the operation of the incinerator according to this embodiment will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 5, the incineration material S such as dust is put into the storage chamber 6 through the opening 4 by opening the opening / closing door 5, and the shutter 7 is opened at a proper time to drop the incineration material S into the combustion chamber 1. Let The incinerated material S that has fallen is separated at the top portion 8a of the separation plate 8 and distributed to the left and right to be diffused. In this way, the incinerated matter S is charged and the shutter 7 is opened and closed at appropriate times to supply the incinerated matter S into the combustion chamber 1.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a coke 16 is placed in the heating chamber 15 of the heating unit 13 for combustion, and the first and second combustion air supply units 30, 35 shown in FIG.
The air supply blowers 31 and 37 are operated to supply air into the combustion chamber 1. In addition, the shower 52 of the exhaust processing unit 50
Water is sprinkled from the exhaust fan 62 of the suction unit 60 to drive it. In this state, due to the combustion of coke 16,
The heating tube 14 and the lower part of the tubular body 10 are heated, and thereby the entire tubular body 10 is heated. Further, since the combustion gas of the coke 16 is introduced into the flue 22 between the guide pipe 20 and the tubular body 10, the tubular body 10 is also heated by this. The heating temperature of the cylindrical body 10 is an appropriate temperature of about 500 ° C to 2000 ° C. The combustion chamber 1 is heated by heating the cylinder 10.
The incinerated material S inside is ignited and burned.

Then, as shown in each drawing, air is supplied from the pipe 32 of the first combustion air supply unit 30, and the suction unit 6
By suction of 0, the cylindrical body 10, the heating pipe 14, and the exhaust pipe 23
Becomes a negative pressure, so that the smoke generated by the combustion of the incineration material S enters through the multiple smoke inlets 21 of the guide tube 20 and enters the inlet of the tubular body 10 through the flue 22 formed between the tubular body 10. 11 and further passes through the cylinder 10, the heating pipe 14, and the exhaust pipe 23 to reach the exhaust treatment unit 50, and the exhaust pipe 63.
Exhausted from. Further, from the air intake mechanism 24 in the heating pipe 14, the combustion air in the heating pipe 14 is made to flow.

In this case, if the combustion of the incineration S is insufficient, the content of dust and odorous components in the smoke increases,
Since the smoke is exposed to the cylindrical body 10 heated to a high temperature while passing through the flue 22, this contact causes the thermal decomposition of the smoke component, and is also exposed to the combustion gas of the coke 16,
This also causes thermal decomposition. Further, after passing through the flue 22, it passes through the inside of the tubular body 10 and the heating pipe 14, so that it is exposed to the tubular body 10 and the heating pipe 14, whereby combustion of smoke components is performed and thermal decomposition is performed. Can be advanced. Therefore, by the time it passes through the exhaust pipe 23, most of the components are thermally decomposed and the content of dust and odorous components becomes extremely small.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, when the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 23 flows into the exhaust tank 51 of the exhaust processing unit 50, it is exposed to the water from the shower 52, so that the dust and odor that could not be decomposed by heat are discharged. Residues such as components will be taken into the water, so that dust and odorous components will be reliably removed, and the situation in which the exhaust from the exhaust stack 63 adversely affects the surrounding environment is prevented. .

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the ash of the burned incineration S in the combustion chamber 1 accumulates on the side bottom walls 3 of the combustion chamber 1 on the left and right of the separating plate 8. The finer ones are successively sieved by the primary and secondary sieving parts 40 and 42 and stored in the ash storage chamber 41. When the ash-fed air supply unit 48 is driven in a timely or continuously manner in this stored state, an air hole 49 is formed.
Since the air is blown into the ash storage chamber 41 from the ash storage chamber 41, the ash in the ash storage chamber 41 is moved to the intermediate chamber 45 and sent to the flue 22 through the ash passage pipe 47. The fed fine ash passes through the flue 22 and the insides of the tube 10 and the heating tube 14 similarly to the above-mentioned smoke, but is exposed to the tube 10 and the heating tube 14 heated to a high temperature. As a result, this contact causes thermal decomposition and ensures combustion. Then, similarly to the above, the ash residue that has not been completely burned is taken into water in the exhaust tank 51 of the exhaust processing unit 50. The above-mentioned residue is accumulated as sludge in the exhaust tank 51. This sludge may be taken out from the discharge port 53 in a timely manner. Also, the ash remaining on the primary and secondary sieving parts 40 and 42 is taken out from the opening 4
It should be taken out from 3,44 in a timely manner.

FIG. 8 shows a modified example of the guide tube 20, which has a large number of smoke inlets 21 provided with pipes 25.
The incineration material S is made difficult to directly enter the guide tube 20.

In order to burn the incineration material S, another heat source such as a gas burner may be provided in the combustion chamber 1. In this case, the combustion of the incineration material S is promoted. Further, in the above embodiment, the coke 16 is used as the heat source of the heating unit 13.
Was used, but is not limited to this,
Another heat source such as burning oil or heating the heating pipe 14 with a gas burner may be used and may be appropriately changed. Further, although the suction unit 60 is provided in the exhaust tank 51, the suction unit 60 is not necessarily limited to this.
It may be provided within 3.

Further, the first and second combustion air supply units 30,
Although 35 is forcibly supplied with air by the air supply blowers 31 and 37, only the air intake port may be used. However, it is preferable to forcibly supply the air by the air supply blowers 31 and 37 because the combustion efficiency is good. Moreover, the components of the ceramics forming the cylindrical body 10 are
Not limited to those described above, an appropriate material such as a material mainly composed of silicate used in general-purpose ceramic products may be used.

[0031]

As described above, according to the incinerator of the present invention, the smoke generated by the combustion of the incinerated matter enters through the many smoke inlets of the guide tube and is exposed to the cylinder heated to a high temperature. As a result, the smoke component can be thermally decomposed by this contact, so that the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe can be made clean with a very small content of dust and odorous components. As a result, it is possible to prevent the exhaust gas from adversely affecting the surrounding environment.

In addition, the heating section is connected between the tubular body and the exhaust pipe, and contains a heating pipe that is heated to transfer heat to the tubular body, a heating source, and a heat source that heats the heating pipe. In the case of being configured with a heating chamber, the smoke component can also be thermally decomposed by the heating pipe, and therefore the content ratio of dust and odor components can be further reduced.

Furthermore, when the heating chamber and the guide tube are connected to each other, the heat of the heat source of the heating chamber can be guided to the flue, and the heat of the heat source also directly causes the thermal decomposition of the smoke component. Therefore, also in this respect, the content of dust and odorous components can be further reduced.

Further, when the suction portion for forcibly exhausting the exhaust pipe is provided, the smoke can be surely guided into the cylinder, and the thermal decomposition of the smoke can be surely performed.

Further, when air is blown into the ash storage chamber and the ash in the ash storage chamber is fed to the flue through the ash passage, it is possible to cause thermal decomposition of the incompletely burned portion of the ash. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently and surely burn.

Further, when an exhaust treatment section for treating the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe by exposing it to water is provided, dust that has not been thermally decomposed and odorous components can be taken into the water, and thus the remaining dust. It is possible to reliably remove odorous components and odor components, and it is possible to further prevent the situation where exhaust gas adversely affects the surrounding environment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 A in FIG. 2 showing an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention
It is a line sectional view.

FIG. 5: B in FIG. 2 showing an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention
It is a line sectional view.

FIG. 6 is a C in FIG. 2 showing the incinerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.
It is a line sectional view.

FIG. 7: D in FIG. 2 showing an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention
It is a line sectional view.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a modified example of the guide tube.

[Explanation of symbols]

 S Incinerator 1 Combustion chamber 4 Input port 10 Cylindrical body 11 Inlet 13 Heating part 14 Heating pipe 15 Heating chamber 16 Coke 20 Induction pipe 21 Smoke port 22 Flue 23 Exhaust pipe 30 First combustion air supply part 35 Second combustion Air supply unit 40 Primary sieving unit 41 Ash storage chamber 42 Secondary sieving unit 47 Ash passing pipe 48 Ash feeding air supply unit 50 Exhaust treatment unit 51 Exhaust tank 52 Shower 53 Exhaust port 60 Suction unit

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A combustion chamber having an incinerator inlet for burning the incinerated substance, a ceramic cylinder provided in the combustion chamber with an inlet facing the combustion chamber, and heating for heating the cylinder. And a guide tube that covers the cylinder and has a large number of smoke inlets through which smoke generated by combustion of incineration enters and that guides the entered smoke to the inlet of the cylinder through a flue formed between the smoke and the cylinder. And an exhaust pipe connected to the outlet side of the tubular body for exhausting smoke introduced from the inlet of the tubular body to the outside of the combustion chamber, and a combustion air supply unit for supplying combustion air to the combustion chamber. Incinerator to do. 2. The heating unit includes a heating pipe which is connected between the cylindrical body and the exhaust pipe and which is heated to transfer heat to the cylindrical body; and a heat source which accommodates the heating pipe and heats the heating pipe. The incinerator according to claim 1, comprising a heating chamber. 3. The incinerator according to claim 2, wherein the heating chamber and the guide tube are communicated with each other. 4. The incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising a suction unit for forcibly exhausting the exhaust pipe. 5. A sieving part provided on the bottom wall of the combustion chamber for passing the ash of the incineration product, an ash storage chamber for storing the ash that has passed through the sieving part, and a connection between the ash storage chamber and the guide pipe. And an ash feed air supply unit for blowing air into the ash storage chamber and feeding the ash in the ash storage chamber to the flue through the ash passage pipe. Claim 1,
The incinerator according to 2, 3, or 4. 6. The incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising an exhaust treatment unit connected to the exhaust pipe to treat the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe by exposing it to water. 7. The exhaust processing unit comprises an exhaust tank connected to an exhaust pipe, into which exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe flows, a shower provided above the exhaust tank for sprinkling water, and an exhaust tank bottom provided in the exhaust tank. 7. The incinerator according to claim 6, further comprising a discharge port for discharging the sludge accumulated in the.