JPH06267301A - Organic photoluminescence element - Google Patents
Organic photoluminescence elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06267301A JPH06267301A JP5385393A JP5385393A JPH06267301A JP H06267301 A JPH06267301 A JP H06267301A JP 5385393 A JP5385393 A JP 5385393A JP 5385393 A JP5385393 A JP 5385393A JP H06267301 A JPH06267301 A JP H06267301A
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- Prior art keywords
- light emitting
- emitting layer
- organic
- ultraviolet rays
- glass substrate
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、有機エレクトロルミネ
ッセンス素子（以下、有機ＥＬ素子という）の改良に関
し、より具体的には、通電しなくても所望の発光を得る
ことができるホトルミネッセンス素子に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in an organic electroluminescence device (hereinafter referred to as an organic EL device), and more specifically to a photoluminescence device capable of obtaining a desired light emission without energization. .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】有機ＥＬ素子は、薄型、面発光かつ低電
力駆動という優れた特徴を有しており、また添加する色
素を変えることによって、発光波長を可視領域で変化さ
せることができる。このため、特にフルカラーのフラッ
トパネルディスプレイを実現できる可能性をもった素子
として注目され、活発な研究が行われている。2. Description of the Related Art Organic EL devices have excellent characteristics such as thinness, surface emission, and low power driving, and the emission wavelength can be changed in the visible region by changing the added dye. For this reason, it has attracted attention as an element with the possibility of realizing a full-color flat panel display, and active research is being conducted.
【０００３】図５は、従来の低電流注入型有機ＥＬ素子
の構造を示している（脇本健夫：日本学術新興会、光電
相互変換第１２５委員会、第８回ＥＬ分科会資料(1992)
26）。図示のように、この素子では、ガラス基板１上に
ＩＴＯ（酸化インジウム錫）からなる透明電極２、ＴＰ
Ｄ（テトラフェニルジアミン誘電体）からなる正孔輸送
層３、有機色素（キナクリドン誘導体）を添加したＡＬ
Ｑ3 （アルミニウム錯体）からなる発光層４およびＭｇ
- Ａｇ背面電極５を、真空蒸着法により順次積層した構
造が採用されている。FIG. 5 shows the structure of a conventional low current injection type organic EL device (Takeo Wakimoto: Japan Society for the Advancement of Science, Optoelectronic Interconversion 125th Committee, 8th EL Subcommittee Material (1992).
26). As shown in the figure, in this element, a transparent electrode 2, TP made of ITO (indium tin oxide) is formed on a glass substrate 1.
Hole transport layer 3 made of D (tetraphenyldiamine dielectric), AL with organic dye (quinacridone derivative) added
Light-emitting layer 4 made of Q3 (aluminum complex) and Mg
-A structure in which Ag back electrodes 5 are sequentially laminated by a vacuum vapor deposition method is adopted.
【０００４】上記のような素子に、100 mA／cm2 （素子
間電圧：数Ｖ）程度の電流を注入すると、波長 540nm
（緑）、104 cd／ｍ2 程度の発光を得ることができる。
また、発光層４に添加する誘起色素の種類を変えること
によって、発光波長を変化させることができる。In the above element, 100 mA / cm 2 When a current of about (element-to-element voltage: several V) is injected, the wavelength is 540 nm.
(Green), 10 4 cd / m 2 It is possible to obtain a degree of light emission.
Further, the emission wavelength can be changed by changing the kind of the induction dye added to the light emitting layer 4.
【０００５】一方、特開平 1-312873 号には、一方が透
明である一対の電極間に、有機蛍光体薄膜層と、正孔伝
導性を示す無機半導体層とを設けた有機ＥＬ素子が開示
されている。そして、この有機ＥＬ素子の電極間に直流
電圧を印加することにより、緑色発光を得ることが記載
されている。On the other hand, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-312873 discloses an organic EL element in which an organic phosphor thin film layer and an inorganic semiconductor layer exhibiting hole conductivity are provided between a pair of electrodes, one of which is transparent. Has been done. Then, it is described that green light emission is obtained by applying a DC voltage between the electrodes of the organic EL element.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来の有機ＥＬ素
子において発光を得るためには、有機色素がドープされ
た発光層中に電子または正孔を注入するために通電しな
ければならない。しかし、このように電流を流すとジュ
ール熱により温度が上昇し、数１０℃に加熱されると有
機色素は変質（溶解）してしまう。従って、有機ＥＬ素
子の寿命は、一般にＺｎＳ等を用いた無機ＥＬ素子より
も短いという欠点がある。In order to obtain light emission in the above-mentioned conventional organic EL device, it is necessary to energize in order to inject electrons or holes into a light emitting layer doped with an organic dye. However, when an electric current is applied in this way, the temperature rises due to Joule heat, and when heated to several tens of degrees Celsius, the organic dye deteriorates (dissolves). Therefore, the life of the organic EL element is generally shorter than that of the inorganic EL element using ZnS or the like.
【０００７】上記のように、有機ＥＬ素子は、添加する
色素を変えることによって発光波長を可視領域で変化さ
せ得るためカラーディスプレイ等への応用が期待されて
いるが、通電による発熱に弱い欠点があり、この欠点が
有機ＥＬ素子の実用化を困難にしている。As described above, the organic EL element is expected to be applied to a color display or the like because the emission wavelength can be changed in the visible region by changing the added dye, but it has a drawback that it is weak against heat generation by energization. However, this drawback makes it difficult to put the organic EL device into practical use.
【０００８】本発明はかかる事情に鑑みてなされたもの
で、その課題は、有機色素をドープした発光層に通電す
ることなく、所望の発光を得ることができる有機ホトル
ミネッセンス素子を提供することである。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an organic photoluminescent device capable of obtaining desired light emission without energizing a light emitting layer doped with an organic dye. is there.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段および作用】上記課題を達
成するために、本発明では、有機色素をドープした発光
層から所望の発光を得るために、エレクトロルミネッセ
ンス（ＥＬ）ではなく、ホトルミネッセンス（ＰＬ）を
利用することとした。即ち、本発明においては、従来の
ＥＬ素子のように電荷（正孔または電子）を注入するの
ではなく、可視光よりも光子エネルギーの大きい電磁波
（例えば紫外線、Ｘ線、β線またはγ線等）を照射して
発光物質を励起し、発光させることとした。In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, in order to obtain desired light emission from a light emitting layer doped with an organic dye, not photoluminescence (EL) but photoluminescence (EL) is used. PL) was used. That is, in the present invention, instead of injecting charges (holes or electrons) as in conventional EL elements, electromagnetic waves (eg, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, β-rays, γ-rays, etc.) having photon energy larger than visible light are used. ) Is applied to excite the luminescent substance to emit light.
【００１０】従って、本発明による有機ＰＬ素子は、紫
外線に対して透明な基板と、該基板の表面に設けられた
発光性有機材料層と、前記基板の裏面に設けられた可視
光よりも光子エネルギーの大きい電磁波を放射する固体
素子とを具備したことを特徴とするものである。Therefore, the organic PL element according to the present invention has a substrate transparent to ultraviolet rays, a light-emitting organic material layer provided on the front surface of the substrate, and photons rather than visible light provided on the back surface of the substrate. And a solid-state element that radiates an electromagnetic wave having a large energy.
【００１１】図１は、本発明の上記原理を実現するため
のＰＬ素子構造の一例を概念的に示している。同図にお
いて、１１は紫外線に対して透明な材料からなる基板で
ある。該基板１１の表面には、有機色素を添加したＰＬ
発光膜１２が形成されている。また、基板１１の裏面に
は、紫外線を発生する固体発光素子１３が形成されてい
る。FIG. 1 conceptually shows an example of a PL element structure for realizing the above principle of the present invention. In the figure, 11 is a substrate made of a material transparent to ultraviolet rays. On the surface of the substrate 11, PL added with an organic dye
The light emitting film 12 is formed. Further, on the back surface of the substrate 11, a solid-state light emitting element 13 that emits ultraviolet rays is formed.
【００１２】かかる素子構造において、固体発光素子１
３から放射された紫外線は、透明基板１１を透過してＰ
Ｌ発光膜１２に照射され、該ＰＬ発光膜を励起する。励
起されたＰＬ発光膜１２は、ドープされている有機色素
に対応した波長の可視光を放出する。In such a device structure, the solid-state light emitting device 1
The ultraviolet rays radiated from 3 pass through the transparent substrate 11 and become P
The L light emitting film 12 is irradiated and excites the PL light emitting film. The excited PL light emitting film 12 emits visible light having a wavelength corresponding to the doped organic dye.
【００１３】こうして、本発明の有機ＰＬ素子によれ
ば、有機色素をドープしたＰＬ発光膜に通電することな
く、所望の発光を得ることができる。従って、通電によ
るジュール熱の発生と、これによる有機色素の変質が回
避され、寿命の長い有機発光素子を得ることができる。Thus, according to the organic PL element of the present invention, desired light emission can be obtained without energizing the PL light emitting film doped with the organic dye. Therefore, generation of Joule heat due to energization and deterioration of the organic dye due to the generation of Joule heat are avoided, and an organic light-emitting device having a long life can be obtained.
【００１４】なお、図１の概念図では、固体発光素子１
３として紫外線発光素子を用いたが、可能な場合には、
Ｘ線、β線、γ線等の放射線を放出する素子を用いても
よい。例えば、β線またはγ線を放出する放射能物質を
封入した素子を用いることが可能である。It should be noted that in the conceptual diagram of FIG.
An ultraviolet light emitting element was used as 3, but if possible,
An element that emits radiation such as X-rays, β-rays, and γ-rays may be used. For example, it is possible to use an element in which a radioactive substance that emits β rays or γ rays is encapsulated.
【００１５】[0015]
＜第１実施例＞ <First embodiment>
【００１６】図２は、ＺｎＯ紫外線発光素子を用いた、
本発明の一実施例になる緑色ＰＬ素子を示している。同
図において、２１は透明なガラス基板である。該ガラス
基板２１の表面には、真空蒸着法を用いて、有機色素と
してキナクリドン誘導体を添加したＡＬＱ3 物質からな
るＰＬ発光層２２が形成されている。また、ガラス基板
２１の裏面には、ＩＴＯ透明電極２３、ＺｎＯ（酸化亜
鉛）膜２４及びＩｎ背面電極２５が、真空蒸着法により
順次積層されている。FIG. 2 shows a ZnO ultraviolet light emitting device,
1 shows a green PL element according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 21 is a transparent glass substrate. On the surface of the glass substrate 21, a PL light emitting layer 22 made of an ALQ3 substance added with a quinacridone derivative as an organic dye is formed by using a vacuum deposition method. Further, on the back surface of the glass substrate 21, an ITO transparent electrode 23, a ZnO (zinc oxide) film 24, and an In back electrode 25 are sequentially laminated by a vacuum deposition method.
【００１７】上記の有機ＰＬ素子においては、ＩＴＯ電
極２３とＺｎＯ膜２４との界面にショットキー接合（障
壁）が存在する。該接合に順方向バイアスを印加する
と、接合付近のＺｎＯ側に伸びた空乏層中で紫外線（38
0nm ）が発生する。この紫外線はガラス基板２１を透過
してＰＬ発光層２２を励起するため、ＰＬ発光層２２か
ら緑色（540nm ）の可視光が放射される。このように、
紫外線でＰＬ発光層２２を励起しているので、従来のＥ
Ｌ素子のようなジュール熱による劣化が回避され、より
長い寿命を得ることができる。In the above organic PL element, a Schottky junction (barrier) exists at the interface between the ITO electrode 23 and the ZnO film 24. When a forward bias is applied to the junction, ultraviolet rays (38%) are generated in the depletion layer extending to the ZnO side near the junction.
0 nm) is generated. Since this ultraviolet ray passes through the glass substrate 21 and excites the PL light emitting layer 22, green (540 nm) visible light is emitted from the PL light emitting layer 22. in this way,
Since the PL light emitting layer 22 is excited by ultraviolet rays, the conventional E
Deterioration due to Joule heat as in the L element is avoided, and a longer life can be obtained.
【００１８】なお、上記実施例においては、ショットキ
ー接合構造を有するＺｎＯ紫外線発光素子をもちいて有
機ＰＬ素子を実現したが、例えばｐｎ接合やＭＯＳ接合
などの構造を有する固体紫外線発光素子を用いても、同
様にして緑色発光の有機ＰＬ素子を実現することができ
る。また、ＰＬ発光層２２にドープする有機色素の種類
を変えることによって、緑色以外の発光を得ることも可
能である。更に、紫外線発光素子に印加する電圧或いは
電流量を制御するようにすれば、ＰＬ発光層２２からの
発光量を制御することも可能である。 ＜第２実施例＞In the above embodiment, an organic PL element was realized by using a ZnO ultraviolet light emitting element having a Schottky junction structure, but a solid ultraviolet light emitting element having a structure such as a pn junction or a MOS junction is used. Also, an organic PL element that emits green light can be realized in the same manner. It is also possible to obtain light emission other than green by changing the type of organic dye doped in the PL light emitting layer 22. Further, the amount of light emitted from the PL light emitting layer 22 can be controlled by controlling the voltage or the amount of current applied to the ultraviolet light emitting element. <Second embodiment>
【００１９】図３は、本発明のＰＬ発光素子を用いたフ
ルカラーディスプレイ装置の構造を示している。同図に
おいて、３１は透明なガラス基板である。ガラス基板３
１の表面には、青色ＰＬ発光層（アセトラン）３２、緑
色ＰＬ発光層（ＡＬＱ3 ）３３および赤色ＰＬ発光層
（ジシアノメチレンピラン誘導体）３４が、マトリック
ス状に配置して形成されている。一方、基板３１の裏面
には、夫々のＰＬ発光層３２〜３４に対応する位置に、
紫外線発光素子３５，３６，３７が形成されている。FIG. 3 shows the structure of a full-color display device using the PL light emitting device of the present invention. In the figure, 31 is a transparent glass substrate. Glass substrate 3
On the surface of 1, a blue PL light emitting layer (acetolane) 32, a green PL light emitting layer (ALQ3) 33 and a red PL light emitting layer (dicyanomethylenepyran derivative) 34 are arranged in a matrix. On the other hand, on the back surface of the substrate 31, at positions corresponding to the PL light emitting layers 32 to 34,
Ultraviolet light emitting elements 35, 36, 37 are formed.
【００２０】上記実施例のカラーディスプレイ装置で
は、紫外線発光素子３５〜３６を選択し且つその紫外線
発光量を制御することにより、任意の位置において、
青、緑および／または赤の発光を選択的に得ることがで
き、従ってフルカラーでの表示が可能となる。この実施
例においても、各ＰＬ発光層３２〜３４は何れも熱によ
る劣化が回避されるから、従来のＥＬ素子よりも長い寿
命を得ることができる。 ＜第３実施例＞In the color display device of the above-mentioned embodiment, by selecting the ultraviolet light emitting elements 35 to 36 and controlling the amount of ultraviolet light emission, it is possible to
Blue, green and / or red emission can be selectively obtained, and thus full color display is possible. Also in this embodiment, since deterioration of each of the PL light emitting layers 32 to 34 due to heat is avoided, it is possible to obtain a longer life than that of the conventional EL element. <Third embodiment>
【００２１】図４は、本発明のＰＬ素子を液晶ディスプ
レイのバックライトに応用した例を示している。同図に
おいて、４１は紫外線に対して透明なガラス基板であ
る。該ガラス基板４１の片面には、第１実施例における
と同様の紫外線発光素子４２が設けられている。また、
ガラス基板４１の他面には、第２実施例で用いたのと同
様の、青色ＰＬ発光層４３、緑色ＰＬ発光層４４および
赤色ＰＬ発光層４５が積層されている。FIG. 4 shows an example in which the PL element of the present invention is applied to a backlight of a liquid crystal display. In the figure, 41 is a glass substrate transparent to ultraviolet rays. An ultraviolet light emitting element 42 similar to that in the first embodiment is provided on one surface of the glass substrate 41. Also,
On the other surface of the glass substrate 41, a blue PL light emitting layer 43, a green PL light emitting layer 44, and a red PL light emitting layer 45 similar to those used in the second embodiment are laminated.
【００２２】上記のように構成されたＰＬ発光素子の上
には、図示のように、液晶ディスプレイ装置５０が積層
されている。液晶ディスプレイ装置５０は、第一のガラ
ス基板５１および第二のガラス基板５２を具備してい
る。ガラス基板５１の片面には偏光板５３が積層され、
他面には透明電極５４と、カラーフィルター５５と、配
向膜５６が順次積層されている。また、ガラス基板５２
の片面には偏光板５７が積層され、他面には透明電極５
８および配向膜５９が順次積層されている。そして、二
つの配向膜５６，５９の間には液晶物質６０が充填され
ることにより、液晶表示セルが構成されている。As shown in the figure, a liquid crystal display device 50 is laminated on the PL light emitting element constructed as described above. The liquid crystal display device 50 includes a first glass substrate 51 and a second glass substrate 52. A polarizing plate 53 is laminated on one surface of the glass substrate 51,
A transparent electrode 54, a color filter 55, and an alignment film 56 are sequentially laminated on the other surface. In addition, the glass substrate 52
A polarizing plate 57 is laminated on one side of the
8 and the alignment film 59 are sequentially stacked. A liquid crystal material 60 is filled between the two alignment films 56 and 59 to form a liquid crystal display cell.
【００２３】上記実施例においては、三原色のＰＬ発光
層４３〜４５の夫々が紫外線発光素子４２からの紫外線
で励起されて発光し、これら三原色は混ざり合って白色
光となる。こうして得られた白色光は、液晶ディスプレ
イ装置５０のバックライトとして、第一のガラス基板５
１を通して照射される。この実施例においても、ＰＬ発
光層４３〜４５の劣化を回避でき、その寿命を長くする
ことができる。In the above embodiment, each of the three primary color PL light emitting layers 43 to 45 is excited by the ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet light emitting element 42 to emit light, and these three primary colors are mixed to form white light. The white light thus obtained serves as a backlight of the liquid crystal display device 50 and is used as the first glass substrate 5.
It is irradiated through 1. Also in this embodiment, the deterioration of the PL light emitting layers 43 to 45 can be avoided and the life thereof can be extended.
【００２４】なお、この実施例のように、本発明のＰＬ
発光素子をバックライトとして用いる場合には、紫外線
発光素子４２の代わりに、例えばγ線を放射する物質の
ような放射性物質をガラス管に封入して用いることによ
り、白色光のバックライトで液晶ディスプレイ装置５０
を常時照射することも可能である。As in this embodiment, the PL of the present invention is used.
When the light emitting device is used as a backlight, a radioactive substance such as a substance that emits γ-rays is enclosed in a glass tube and used instead of the ultraviolet light emitting device 42. Device 50
It is also possible to constantly irradiate.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、本発明のＰＬ素子
によれば、従来のＥＬ素子のようなジュール熱による有
機色素の劣化を回避することができ、寿命の長い発光素
子を得ることができる。As described in detail above, according to the PL element of the present invention, it is possible to avoid the deterioration of the organic dye due to Joule heat as in the conventional EL element, and obtain a light emitting element having a long life. You can
【図１】本発明による有機ホトルミネッセンス素子の構
造を概念的に示す図。FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing the structure of an organic photoluminescent device according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明の一実施例になる有機ホトルミネッセン
ス素子の構造示す断面図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an organic photoluminescent device according to an example of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の有機ホトルミネッセンス素子を、フル
カラーディスプレイ装置に応用した実施例を示す断面
図。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the organic photoluminescent element of the present invention is applied to a full-color display device.
【図４】本発明の有機ホトルミネッセンス素子を、液晶
ディスプレイのバックライトに応用した実施例を示す断
面図FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment in which the organic photoluminescent element of the present invention is applied to a backlight of a liquid crystal display.
【図５】従来のＥＬ素子の構造を示す断面図。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional EL element.
１１，２１，３１，４１…透明ガラス基板、１２，２
２，３２〜３４…有機ＰＬ発光層、１３，３５〜３７，
４２…紫外線発光素子、２３…透明電極、２４…ＺｎＯ
紫外線発光層、２５…背面電極11, 21, 31, 41 ... Transparent glass substrate, 12, 2
2, 32 to 34 ... Organic PL light emitting layer, 13, 35 to 37,
42 ... Ultraviolet light emitting element, 23 ... Transparent electrode, 24 ... ZnO
Ultraviolet light emitting layer, 25 ... Back electrode
Claims (1)
表面に設けられた発光性有機材料層と、前記基板の裏面
に設けられた可視光よりも光子エネルギーの大きい電磁
波を放射する固体素子とを具備したことを特徴とする有
機ホトルミネッセンス素子。1. A substrate transparent to ultraviolet rays, a luminescent organic material layer provided on the front surface of the substrate, and a solid body provided on the back surface of the substrate that emits an electromagnetic wave having a photon energy larger than that of visible light. An organic photoluminescent device comprising a device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5385393A JPH06267301A (en) | 1993-03-15 | 1993-03-15 | Organic photoluminescence element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5385393A JPH06267301A (en) | 1993-03-15 | 1993-03-15 | Organic photoluminescence element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06267301A true JPH06267301A (en) | 1994-09-22 |
Family
ID=12954335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5385393A Withdrawn JPH06267301A (en) | 1993-03-15 | 1993-03-15 | Organic photoluminescence element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06267301A (en) |
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