JP7611411B2 - 研磨パッド - Google Patents
研磨パッド Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7611411B2 JP7611411B2 JP2023549765A JP2023549765A JP7611411B2 JP 7611411 B2 JP7611411 B2 JP 7611411B2 JP 2023549765 A JP2023549765 A JP 2023549765A JP 2023549765 A JP2023549765 A JP 2023549765A JP 7611411 B2 JP7611411 B2 JP 7611411B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polishing
- polishing pad
- molded body
- diisocyanate
- alicyclic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
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- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BJZYYSAMLOBSDY-QMMMGPOBSA-N (2s)-2-butoxybutan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCO[C@@H](CC)CO BJZYYSAMLOBSDY-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSCLFFBWRKTMTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NCC1CCCC(CN=C=O)C1 XSCLFFBWRKTMTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC(O)=O WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XJMMNTGIMDZPMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylglutaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C)CC(O)=O XJMMNTGIMDZPMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCC(C)CCO SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- B24B37/24—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by the composition or properties of the pad materials
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- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
- B24D3/22—Rubbers synthetic or natural
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0895—Manufacture of polymers by continuous processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
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- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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Description
吸湿率(%)={(W2-W1)/W1}×100
・重量平均分子量30,000のポリエチレンオキサイド(PEO30,000);吸湿率0.7%(0.1~3.0%の範囲)
・重量平均分子量100,000のポリエチレンオキサイド(PEO100,000);吸湿率0.5%
・重量平均分子量1,000,000のポリエチレンオキサイド(PEO1,000,000);吸湿率1.6%(0.1~3.0%の範囲)
・重量平均分子量7,000,000のポリエチレンオキサイド(PEO7,000,000);吸湿率2.5%(0.1~3.0%の範囲)
・重量平均分子量100,000のポリエチレンオキサイド-プロピレンオキサイドブロック共重合体(PEO-PPO100,000);吸湿率0.7%(0.1~3.0%の範囲)
・重量平均分子量1,000,000のポリエチレンオキサイド-プロピレンオキサイドブロック共重合体(PEO-PPO1,000,000);吸湿率1.3%(0.1~3.0%の範囲)
・重量平均分子量7,000,000ポリエチレンオキサイド-プロピレンオキサイドブロック共重合体(PEO-PPO7,000,000); 吸湿率2.1%(0.1~3.0%の範囲)
・ポリエステル系熱可塑性エラストマー(TPEE); 吸湿率1.2%(0.1~3.0%の範囲)
・アクリルニトリル-スチレン共重合体;吸湿率0.08%
数平均分子量600のポリ(エチレングリコール)[略号:PEG]、1,4-ブタンジオール[略号:BD]、1,5-ペンタンジオール[略号:MPD]、及び4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート[略号:MDI]を、PEG:BD:MPD:MDIの質量比が15.2:14.2:8.0:62.6となるような割合で配合した配合物を調製した。
数平均分子量850のポリ(テトラメチレングリコール)[略号:PTMG]、1,4-ブタンジオール[略号:BD]、1,5-ペンタンジオール[略号:MPD]、及び4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート[略号:MDI]を、PTMG:BD:MPD:MDIの質量比が10.2:15.7:8.8:65.3となるような割合で配合した配合物を調製した。この配合物を用いた以外は、製造例1と同様にしてポリウレタン原料を連続溶融重合させることにより、非脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンIIを製造した。非脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンIIは、有機ジイソシアネート単位の総量中に非脂環式ジイソシアネート単位であるMDIを100モル%含む。非脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンIIの重量平均分子量は120,000であった。そして、得られたペレットを70℃で20時間除湿乾燥した。
数平均分子量600のポリ(エチレングリコール)[略号:PEG]、1,4-ブタンジオール[略号:BD]、1,5-ペンタンジオール[略号:MPD]、及びヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート[略号:HDI]を、PEG:BD:MPD:HDIの質量比が11.6:16.5:9.3:62.6となるような割合で配合した配合物を調製した。この配合物を用いた以外は、製造例1と同様にしてポリウレタン原料を連続溶融重合させることにより、非脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンIIIを製造した。非脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンIIIは、有機ジイソシアネート単位の総量中に非脂環式ジイソシアネート単位であるHDIを100モル%含む。非脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンIIIの重量平均分子量は120,000であった。そして、得られたペレットを70℃で20時間除湿乾燥した。
数平均分子量600のポリ(エチレングリコール)[略号:PEG]、1,4-ブタンジオール[略号:BD]、1,5-ペンタンジオール[略号:MPD]、およびイソホロンジイソシアネート[略号:IPDI]を、PEG:BD:MPD:IPDIの質量比が15.2:14.2:8.0:62.6となるような割合で配合した配合物を調製した。この配合物を用いた以外は、製造例1と同様にしてポリウレタン原料を連続溶融重合させることにより、脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンIVを製造した。脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンIVは、有機ジイソシアネート単位の総量中に脂環式ジイソシアネート単位であるIPDIを100モル%含む。脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンIVの重量平均分子量は120,000であった。そして、得られたペレットを70℃で20時間除湿乾燥した。
数平均分子量600のポリ(エチレングリコール)[略号:PEG]、1,4-ブタンジオール[略号:BD]、1,5-ペンタンジオール[略号:MPD]、およびシクロヘキサンメチルイソシアネート[略号:CHI]を、PEG:BD:MPD:CHIの質量比が15.2:14.2:8.0:62.6となるような割合で配合した配合物を調製した。この配合物を用いた以外は、製造例1と同様にしてポリウレタン原料を連続溶融重合させることにより、脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンVを製造した。脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンVは、有機ジイソシアネート単位の総量中に脂環式ジイソシアネート単位であるCHIを100モル%含む。脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンVの重量平均分子量は120,000であった。そして、得られたペレットを70℃で20時間除湿乾燥した。なお、シクロヘキサンメチルイソシアネートとしては、1,3-Bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane(三井化学(株)タケネート600 登録商標)を用いた。
非脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンIを小型ニーダーに仕込み、温度240℃、スクリュー回転数100rpm、混練時間1分間の条件で溶融混練した。そして、非脂環式熱可塑性ポリウレタンI:PEO100,000=99.5:0.5の質量比になるように、PEO100,000を小型ニーダーに添加し、さらに、温度240℃、スクリュー回転数60rpm、混練時間2分間の条件で溶融混練した。さらに、温度240℃、スクリュー回転数100rpm、混練時間4分間の条件で溶融混練した。
JIS K 7215準拠のタイプDデュロメータ((株)島津製作所製のHARDNESS-TESTER)を用いて、荷重保持時間5秒間の条件で、厚さ2.0mmの成形体の、タイプDデュロメータの硬度を測定した。
JIS Z2244準拠のビッカース硬さ計((株)アカシ製HARDNESS-TESTER MVK-E2)を用いて、厚さ2.0mmの成形体のビッカース硬さを測定した。
厚さ2.0mmの成形体の代わりに、厚さ0.3mmの成形体を製造した。そして、厚さ0.3mmの成形体から2号型試験片(JIS K7113)を打ち抜いた。そして、2号型試験片を湿度48RH%、23℃で24時間状態調整した。そして、精密万能試験機((株)島津製作所製のオートグラフAG5000)を用いて状態調整された2号型試験片の引張試験を行い、破断伸度を測定した。引張試験の条件は、チャック間距離40mm、引張速度500mm/分、湿度48RH%、23℃で行った。5本の2号型試験片の破断伸度を測定し、その平均値を乾燥時破断伸度S2(%)とした。一方、50℃の温水に2日間浸漬することにより、2号型試験片を50℃の水で飽和膨潤させた。そして、飽和膨潤させた2号型試験片についても同様にして破断伸度を測定し、50℃の水で飽和膨潤させたときの飽和膨潤時破断伸度S1を求めた。
厚さ2.0mmの成形体の代わりに、厚さ0.3mmの成形体を製造した。そして、厚さ0.3mmの成形体を110℃で3時間熱処理した後、30mm×5mmの矩形の型で試験片を打ち抜くことにより、30mm×5mmの貯蔵弾性率評価用の試験片を打ち抜いた。そして、50℃の温水に2日間浸漬することにより、貯蔵弾性率評価用の試験片を50℃の水で飽和膨潤させた。そして、動的粘弾性測定装置[DVEレオスペクトラー(商品名、(株)レオロジー製)]を用いて、-100~180℃の測定範囲、周波数11.0Hzで、70℃における動的粘弾性率を測定することにより、50℃の水で飽和膨潤させたときの成形体の貯蔵弾性率E’を求めた。2本の試験片の貯蔵弾性率E’を測定し、その平均値を貯蔵弾性率E’(GPa)とした。
厚さ2.0mmの成形体の代わりに、厚さ0.5mmの成形体を製造した。そして、厚さ0.5mmの成形体を110℃で3時間熱処理した後、切削加工することにより10mm×40mmの矩形に切り出した。そして、50℃の温水に2日間浸漬することにより、試験片を50℃の水で飽和膨潤させ、表面の水滴を拭きとった。そして、紫外可視分光高度計((株)島津製作所製の「UV-2450」)を用いて、成形体の試験片の波長550nmの光透過率を下記の条件で測定した。
・光源:レーザー波長(550nm)
・WIランプ:50W
・検出ヘッド出力ヘッド間距離:10cm
・試験片の測定位置:検出ヘッドと出力ヘッドとの中間位置
評価用の研磨層をCMP装置((株)荏原製作所製FREX300)のプラテンにセットした。そして、ダイヤモンド番手#100のダイヤモンドドレッサー((株)旭ダイヤモンド)を用いて、スラリーを150mL/分の速度で流しながらドレッサー回転数100rpm、ターンテーブル回転数70rpm、ドレッサー荷重40Nの条件で研磨層の表面を10分間ドレッシングした。そして、ドレッシング後の研磨層の表面の算術表面粗さRaを表面粗さ測定器((株)ミツトヨ製SJ-210)で測定した。
評価用の研磨層をCMP装置((株)荏原製作所製FREX300)のプラテンにセットした。そして、ダイヤモンド番手#100のダイヤモンドドレッサー((株)旭ダイヤモンド)を用いて、スラリー(Klebosol(R)(株)DuPont)を200mL/分の速度で流しながらドレッサー回転数100rpm、ターンテーブル回転数70rpm、ドレッサー荷重40Nの条件で被研磨基板の表面を研磨した。被研磨基板としては、シリコン基板上にTEOS膜(tetra ethoxy silane膜)を3000nm積層させた「SEMATECH764(SKW Associates社製)」を用いた。上述の条件でCMPを行い、平坦化性の指標として、幅250μm(50%デンシティ)のパターンが連続した部分について、凸部と凹部との差分(以下、残存段差とも称する)を精密段差計((株)ブルカー製 Dektak XTL)を用いて測定した。なお、残存段差は、40nm以下、さらには35nm以下、とくには33nm以下である場合には、高い平坦化性を有すると判定した。また、同様にして、凸部に残る膜が50nm未満になるまでの研磨時間を測定することにより、研磨速度を評価した。なお、研磨時間は、150sec以下、さらには145sec以下である場合には、高い研磨速度を有すると判定した。
2 スラリー供給ノズル
3 キャリア
4 ドレッサー
5 被研磨基板
6 スラリー
10 研磨パッド
20 CMP装置
Claims (10)
- ポリウレタン組成物の成形体である研磨層を含む研磨パッドであって、
前記ポリウレタン組成物は、有機ジイソシアネート単位として非脂環式ジイソシアネート単位を含む熱可塑性ポリウレタン90~99.9質量%と、吸湿率0.1%以上の吸湿性高分子0.1~10質量%とを含有し、
前記熱可塑性ポリウレタンは、前記有機ジイソシアネート単位の総量中に、前記非脂環式ジイソシアネート単位である2,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート単位,4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート単位及びヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート単位から選ばれる少なくとも1種を90~100モル%含み、
前記吸湿性高分子は、ポリエチレンオキサイド(PEO),ポリプロピレンオキサイド(PPO),PEO-PPOブロックコポリマー,ポリエステル系熱可塑性エラストマー,及びポリエチレンオキサイド-ポリプロピレンオキサイドコポリマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含み、
前記成形体は、JIS K 7215準拠のタイプDデュロメータで、荷重保持時間5秒間の条件で測定された、75~90のD硬度を有する、ことを特徴とする研磨パッド。 - 前記熱可塑性ポリウレタンは、前記有機ジイソシアネート単位の総量中に、前記非脂環式ジイソシアネート単位である4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート単位を90~100モル%含む、請求項1に記載の研磨パッド。
- 前記ポリウレタン組成物は、前記熱可塑性ポリウレタン99~99.9質量%と、前記吸湿性高分子0.1~1質量%とを含有する、請求項1に記載の研磨パッド。
- 前記成形体は、50℃の水で飽和膨潤させたときの、飽和膨潤時破断伸度が50~250%である、請求項1に記載の研磨パッド。
- 前記成形体は、湿度48RH%、23℃における、乾燥時破断伸度が0.1~10%である、請求項4に記載の研磨パッド。
- 前記成形体は、前記飽和膨潤時破断伸度S1と前記乾燥時破断伸度S2との比S1/S2が20~50である、請求項5に記載の研磨パッド。
- 前記成形体は、厚さ0.5mmのシートを50℃の水で飽和膨潤させたときの、波長550nmのレーザー光透過率が60%以上である、請求項1に記載の研磨パッド。
- 前記成形体は、ビッカース硬さが21以上である、請求項1に記載の研磨パッド。
- 前記成形体は、50℃の水で飽和膨潤させたときの貯蔵弾性率が0.1~1.0GPaである、請求項1に記載の研磨パッド。
- 前記成形体が無発泡成形体である、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の研磨パッド。
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