JP7529066B1 - 電気自動車 - Google Patents
電気自動車 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
図1は本実施の形態に係る電気自動車10の動力系の構成を模式的に示す図である。図1に示すように、電気自動車10は走行用の動力装置として電気モータ2を備えている。電気モータ2には、その回転速度を検出するための回転速度センサ40が設けられている。電気モータ2の出力軸3はギア機構4を介してプロペラシャフト5の一端に接続されている。プロペラシャフト5の他端はデファレンシャルギア6を介して車両前方のドライブシャフト7に接続されている。電気自動車10は前車輪である駆動輪8と後車輪である従動輪12とを備えている。駆動輪8はドライブシャフト7の両端にそれぞれ設けられている。各車輪8,12には車輪速センサ30が設けられている。図1では、代表して右後輪の車輪速センサ30のみが描かれている。車輪速センサ30は電気自動車10の車速を検出するための車速センサとしても用いられる。
2-1.ACC制御装置
ACC制御装置510は運転者からの要求を受けてオートクルーズコントロールを実行する装置である。ACC制御装置510にはACCスイッチ44からの信号が入力される。ACCスイッチ44がオンにされたとき、ACC制御装置510はミリ波レーダー46からの信号を用いて先行車両との距離を判定し、設定されている制限速度を超えない範囲において先行車両に追従するように車間距離を制御する。ただし、一つの実施形態では、ACC制御装置510にはモード選択装置42からの信号が入力される。そして、モード選択装置42からの信号はACC制御装置510におけるオートクルーズコントロールのオン/オフの切り替えに用いられる。その実施形態については後述する。
モータ制御装置520はインバータ16のPWM制御によって電気モータ2を制御する装置である。モータ制御装置520は、車両モデル530、要求モータトルク計算部540、モータトルク指令マップ550、及びトルク切替部560を備える。モータ制御装置520には、車輪速センサ30、アクセルポジションセンサ32、アップシフトスイッチ26u、ダウンシフトスイッチ26d、回転速度センサ40、モード選択装置42、及びACCスイッチ44からの信号が入力される。モータ制御装置520はこれらの信号を処理し、インバータ16をPWM制御するためのモータトルク指令値を算出する。
上記の構成によれば、運転者は電気モータ2の制御モードを任意に選択することができる。特に、手動変速モードを選択することによって、運転者はMT車両のようなシフト操作を楽しむことができる。ただし、手動変速モードでは、疑似パドルシフター26の操作ポジションに応じて車速が制限を受ける。このため、手動変速モードにおいてオートクルーズコントロールを実行した場合、先行車両への追従に支障をきたすおそれがある。そこで、車両制御装置50は、運転者がACCスイッチ44を操作してオートクルーズコントロールを要求するのであれば、運転者の意志を尊重し、オートクルーズコントロールの機能が阻害されないように制御モードの切り替えを実行する。
オートクルーズコントロールの実行中は、モード選択装置42による手動変速モードの選択を無効にしてもよい。つまり、オートクルーズコントロールを機能させることを最優先にして自動変速モードかEVモードのみを許容するようにしてもよい。しかし、その一方で、運転者がモード選択装置42を操作して手動変速モードを選択した場合、MT車両のようなシフト操作を楽しみたいという運転者の意志表明であるとも捉えることができる。
上記実施形態において、パドル式の疑似シフターに代えてレバー式の疑似シフターを備えてもよい。レバー式の疑似シフターは、シフトレバーを前方に倒すことでアップシフト信号を出力し、シフトレバーを後方に倒すことでダウンシフト信号を出力するように構成される。また、上記実施形態において、疑似シーケンシャルシフターに代えて疑似H型シフターと疑似クラッチペダルとを備えてもよい。その場合、車両モデルのクラッチモデルでは、疑似クラッチペダルの踏み込み量に応じてトルク伝達ゲインを算出するようにすればよい。また、車両モデルのトランスミッションモデルでは、疑似H型シフターのシフトポジションに応じてギア比を算出すればよい。
Claims (3)
- 電気モータを走行用の動力装置として使用する電気自動車であって、
アクセルペダルと、
シフターと、
運転者のモード選択操作に従い手動モードと第1自動モードと第2自動モードの中から前記電気モータの制御モードを選択するモード選択装置と、
前記運転者からの要求を受けてオートクルーズコントロールを実行するACC制御装置と、
前記電気モータを制御するモータ制御装置と、を備え、
前記モータ制御装置は、
前記手動モードで前記電気モータを制御する場合は、前記アクセルペダルの操作に対する前記電気モータの出力特性を前記シフターの操作ポジションに応じて変化させ
前記第1自動モードで前記電気モータを制御する場合は、前記アクセルペダルの操作に対する前記電気モータの出力特性を前記シフターの操作ポジションに対応する複数の出力特性の間で車速に応じて自動で切り替え、
前記第2自動モードで前記電気モータを制御する場合は、前記シフターの操作ポジションによらずに前記アクセルペダルの操作に応じて前記電気モータの出力を連続的に変化させ、
前記手動モードでの前記電気モータの制御中に前記オートクルーズコントロールの要求があった場合は、前記電気モータの制御を前記手動モードから前記第2自動モードへ切り替える、ように構成されている
ことを特徴とする電気自動車。 - 請求項1に記載の電気自動車において、
前記ACC制御装置は、前記オートクルーズコントロールの実行中に前記モード選択装置により前記手動モードが選択された場合は、前記オートクルーズコントロールを解除する、ように構成されている
ことを特徴とする電気自動車。 - 請求項1に記載の電気自動車において、
前記モータ制御装置は、前記オートクルーズコントロールの実行中は前記モード選択装置による前記手動モードの選択を無効にする、ように構成されている
ことを特徴とする電気自動車。
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