JP7548336B2 - 半導体レーザ - Google Patents
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- JP7548336B2 JP7548336B2 JP2022575033A JP2022575033A JP7548336B2 JP 7548336 B2 JP7548336 B2 JP 7548336B2 JP 2022575033 A JP2022575033 A JP 2022575033A JP 2022575033 A JP2022575033 A JP 2022575033A JP 7548336 B2 JP7548336 B2 JP 7548336B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 94
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 205
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 42
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/11—Comprising a photonic bandgap structure
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/14—External cavity lasers
- H01S5/141—External cavity lasers using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/1062—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using a controlled passive interferometer, e.g. a Fabry-Perot etalon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/0206—Substrates, e.g. growth, shape, material, removal or bonding
- H01S5/021—Silicon based substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0421—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor characterised by the semiconducting contacting layers
- H01S5/0422—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor characterised by the semiconducting contacting layers with n- and p-contacts on the same side of the active layer
- H01S5/0424—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor characterised by the semiconducting contacting layers with n- and p-contacts on the same side of the active layer lateral current injection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/068—Stabilisation of laser output parameters
- H01S5/0683—Stabilisation of laser output parameters by monitoring the optical output parameters
- H01S5/0687—Stabilising the frequency of the laser
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/1003—Waveguide having a modified shape along the axis, e.g. branched, curved, tapered, voids
- H01S5/1014—Tapered waveguide, e.g. spotsize converter
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/1028—Coupling to elements in the cavity, e.g. coupling to waveguides adjacent the active region, e.g. forward coupled [DFC] structures
- H01S5/1032—Coupling to elements comprising an optical axis that is not aligned with the optical axis of the active region
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/12—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region the resonator having a periodic structure, e.g. in distributed feedback [DFB] lasers
- H01S5/125—Distributed Bragg reflector [DBR] lasers
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0425—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure
- H01S5/04256—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the configuration
- H01S5/04257—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the configuration having positive and negative electrodes on the same side of the substrate
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/12—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region the resonator having a periodic structure, e.g. in distributed feedback [DFB] lasers
- H01S5/1237—Lateral grating, i.e. grating only adjacent ridge or mesa
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/32—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures
- H01S5/323—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser
- H01S5/3235—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser emitting light at a wavelength longer than 1000 nm, e.g. InP-based 1300 nm and 1500 nm lasers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Description
Claims (7)
- 周期的に屈折率が変調する構造から構成された導波路型の第1反射部および第2反射部、および前記第1反射部と前記第2反射部とに挟まれた閉じ込め部を備える第1光導波路と、
前記第1光導波路に沿って、前記閉じ込め部から前記第2反射部の側に延在し、前記第1光導波路に重なって配置された第2光導波路と、
前記第1反射部に重なる箇所において、前記第2光導波路に連続して形成された導波路型の1次元フォトニック結晶から構成されている第3反射部と、
前記閉じ込め部に形成された活性層と
を備え、
前記第1反射部、前記閉じ込め部、および前記第2反射部によりファブリペロー型の光共振器が構成され、
前記閉じ込め部が配置された結合領域において、前記第2光導波路と前記閉じ込め部とは、互いに光結合可能な状態とされ、
前記第2光導波路の前記第2反射部の側にレーザが出力され、
前記第1反射部および前記第2反射部は、導波路型の1次元フォトニック結晶から構成されていることを特徴とする半導体レーザ。 - 請求項1記載の半導体レーザにおいて、
前記第2反射部の等価屈折率と、前記第2反射部に重なる領域の前記第2光導波路のコアの等価屈折率との差は、前記閉じ込め部の等価屈折率と前記結合領域の前記第2光導波路のコアの等価屈折率との差より大きい
ことを特徴とする半導体レーザ。 - 請求項2記載の半導体レーザにおいて、
前記結合領域の前記第2光導波路のコアは、前記第2反射部に重なる領域の前記第2光導波路のコアとは異なる径とされている
ことを特徴とする半導体レーザ。 - 請求項3記載の半導体レーザにおいて、
前記第2光導波路のコアは、前記結合領域から、 前記第2反射部に重なる領域にかけて径が徐々に変化していることを特徴とする半導体レーザ。 - 請求項2記載の半導体レーザにおいて、
前記閉じ込め部の前記第1光導波路と前記第2光導波路とが重なる方向から見た平面視の幅は、前記第2反射部の平面視の幅とは異なる
ことを特徴とする半導体レーザ。 - 請求項5記載の半導体レーザにおいて、
前記閉じ込め部の平面視の幅は、前記第2反射部にかけて徐々に変化していることを特徴とする半導体レーザ。 - 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の半導体レーザにおいて、
前記第1反射部と前記第3反射部との導波方向の位置オフセットをLΦ、
前記第1反射部と前記第3反射部との導波方向の位置オフセットの部分の前記第2光導波路における長さLΦの部分の伝搬定数をβΦとし、
前記第1光導波路における前記結合領域の伝搬定数をβAとし、
前記第2光導波路における前記結合領域の伝搬定数をβBとし、
式A,式Bにもとづいて、χおよびLΦを変化させて得られる、c11の波長特性を元に得られる共振条件を満たす波長の状態が、シングルモード条件を満たすように設定されている
ことを特徴とする半導体レーザ。
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PCT/JP2021/001447 WO2022153529A1 (ja) | 2021-01-18 | 2021-01-18 | 半導体レーザおよびその設計方法 |
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JP (1) | JP7548336B2 (ja) |
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- 2021-01-18 WO PCT/JP2021/001447 patent/WO2022153529A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2021-01-18 US US18/259,145 patent/US20240055829A1/en active Pending
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JPWO2022153529A1 (ja) | 2022-07-21 |
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WO2022153529A1 (ja) | 2022-07-21 |
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