JP7162807B1 - Splitting tool and splitting method - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to extend the life of a tool for splitting into small pieces and to reduce the running cost of the splitting work, which is capable of efficiently splitting a large crushed object into small pieces.
In this invention, the first end portion of the central crushing member is press-fitted into the central through hole of the base from above and protrudes downward from the lower surface of the base to function as a crushing portion. When the second rear end portion of the peripheral crushing member is press-fitted into the press-fit mounting portion, the second tip portion protrudes downward from the lower surface of the pedestal and functions as a crushing portion. The central crushing member is secured to the pedestal by seizure between the central through-hole and the first tip caused by the press-fitting of the first tip into the central through-hole, and the peripheral crushing member is attached to the second post to the press-fit attachment site. It is fixed to the pedestal by seizure between the press-fit mounting portion and the second rear end portion caused by the press-fitting of the end portion.
[Selection drawing] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a small breaking tool for breaking relatively large pieces (hereinafter referred to as "large broken crushed material") generated when crushing an object to be crushed such as bedrock, rock, concrete structure, etc., and the tool. It relates to the subdivision method used.

For example, at a site involving rock crushing, the rock is crushed by blasting or by a wedge-type rock crusher developed by the inventor of the present application, but the crushed particle size has a certain degree of distribution, and the crushed crushed material is too large as it is, and it is difficult to carry out the work. interfere. For this reason, after crushing the bedrock, a so-called small crushing operation is sometimes carried out, in which the crushed large pieces are further crushed into smaller pieces. In order to efficiently perform this slicing work, a slicing tool and a slicing method described in Patent Document 1 have been proposed.

This small splitting tool has a tapered crushing portion protruding from the lower surface of the pedestal. Then, by bringing the pedestal close to the coarsely crushed material from above, the coarsely crushed material is placed at different positions in the imaginary plane perpendicular to the approach direction of the pedestal. By striking, a subdividing operation is performed.

Patent No. 7087251

In the above-described slicing tool, a large load and vibration are applied to the crushing portion during the slicing operation. Therefore, as described in Patent Document 1, there is no particular problem in the case of breaking a relatively low-hardness large crushed object into small pieces using a breaking tool having a structure in which the crushing portion is connected to a pedestal by welding. Although it does not occur, as the hardness of the crushed crushed material increases, there is a high possibility that the crushed part will come off the pedestal due to breakage of the welded part, which shortens the life of the crushing tool. Moreover, the shortened life of the slicing tool causes an increase in the running cost of the slicing work.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is capable of extending the life of a small-cutting tool that can efficiently break large-cut crushed materials into small pieces and reducing the running cost of the small-cutting work. An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool and a cutting method using the tool.

One aspect of the present invention is a tool for breaking large crushed objects into small pieces, which includes a pedestal provided to cover the crushed large pieces from above so that the crushed pieces can be approached, and a vertically extending shaft structure. and a first tip portion that protrudes downward from the bottom surface of the pedestal by being press-fitted from above into a central through hole that is provided through the center of the pedestal and functions as a crushing portion; a central crushing member having a first rear end portion that receives an impact force and a central portion that transmits the impact force received by the first rear end portion to the pedestal and the first tip portion; A second rear end portion that is press-fitted into a press-fit mounting portion that is configured by a peripheral through-hole provided through or a recess that is recessed upward from the lower surface of the base, and the second rear end portion is press-fitted into the press-fit mounting portion. a second tip protruding downward from the lower surface of the pedestal and functioning as a crushing part; The peripheral crushing member is fixed to the pedestal by seizure generated between the central through-hole and the first tip portion, and the peripheral crushing member is attached to the press-fit attachment portion and the second rear end portion generated by press-fitting the second rear end portion into the press-fit attachment portion. It is characterized in that it is fixed to the pedestal by seizing.

In addition, a second aspect of the present invention is a method for breaking a large crushed object into small pieces using a tool for breaking into small pieces, comprising a step of arranging the tool for breaking into small pieces above the crushed large pieces; a step of applying a downward external force to the first rear end of the crushing member to hit and crush the large crushed material with the tips of the plurality of crushing parts at different positions. is characterized by

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to extend the life of the cutting tool and to reduce the running cost of the cutting work.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of the small-cutting tool which concerns on this invention, and the small-cutting method using the said tool. It is a figure which shows the tool for a subdivision. FIG. 5 is a view showing a second embodiment of the splitting tool according to the present invention; FIG. 10 is a view showing a third embodiment of the splitting tool according to the present invention;

FIG. 1 is a view showing a first embodiment of a slicing tool and a slicing method using the tool for slicing according to the present invention. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing the splitting tool, FIG. 2A is a view of the splitting tool from below, and FIG. It is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 1(a). In these drawings and the drawings to be described later, for the purpose of facilitating understanding, the dimensions and numbers of each part are exaggerated or simplified as necessary.

As shown in FIG. 1, this tool 1 for breaking into small pieces is attached to a construction vehicle 100 such as a backhoe used at a site involving crushing of rock mass, and further reduces crushed large pieces 200 generated when crushing the rock. A tool for crushing. More specifically, a hydraulic breaker 103 is attached to an arm 101 of a construction vehicle 100 via a bracket 102 . This hydraulic breaker 103 has a breaker body (not shown). Also, this breaker body has a cylinder in the center. By supplying pressurized oil from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) to the cylinder via a switching valve, the piston slidingly fitted in the cylinder can move forward and backward in the axial direction.

A breaking tool 1 is attached to the tip of the breaker body (lower end in FIG. 1). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this splitting tool 1 has a substantially flat base 2. As shown in FIGS. The lower surface 23 of the pedestal 2 has a plane size capable of covering all or part of the crushed crushed objects 200 placed on the ground or the crushed crushed objects 200 piled up from above. The pedestal 2 is provided with a central through-hole 21 at its central portion, and is provided with four peripheral through-holes 22 surrounding the central through-hole 21 as an example of the "press-fit mounting portion" of the present invention. there is Of the four peripheral through-holes 22, only two on the front side are shown in FIG. 1, and only two on the rear side are shown in FIG. 2(c).

A central crushing member 3 is attached to the central through hole 21 . The central crushing member 3 has a vertically extending shaft structure, and includes a first tip portion 31 that can be press-fitted into the central through hole 21, and a first tip portion 31 that is attached to the hydraulic breaker 103 and receives the impact force from the piston. A rear end portion 32, a central portion 33 that transmits the impact force received by the first rear end portion 32 to the base 2 and the first tip portion 31, and a carbide core 34 attached to the tip of the first tip portion 31. ,have. In this embodiment, the first tip portion 31 has a tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as it goes downward. On the other hand, the central through-hole 21 is finished so that its inner diameter becomes smaller as it goes downward, corresponding to the tapered shape of the first tip portion 31 . Then, the first distal end portion 31 is pressed downward through the central through hole 21 along the inner wall surface of the central through hole 21 along the outer surface thereof. A portion of the first distal end portion 31 that protrudes downward from the lower surface 23 of the base 2 functions as a crushing portion in the same manner as the invention described in Patent Document 1.

In addition, in this embodiment, in consideration of the wear of the central crushing member 3 due to the impact of the crushed crushed objects 200, the carbide core 34 is arranged so that the lower end thereof protrudes downward from the first tip 31. 1 is attached to the tip portion 31 . That is, the concave portion 311 is processed so that the inner diameter of the concave portion 311 provided in the first tip portion 31 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the carbide core 34 at room temperature. The first tip portion 31 is heated to a high temperature so that the inner diameter of the concave portion 311 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the carbide core 34 in advance. After the upper end of the cemented carbide core 34 is inserted into the recess 311 of the first tip 31, the temperature of the first tip 31 is lowered to room temperature. Thereby, the cemented carbide core 34 is firmly fixed to the first tip portion 31 . This cemented carbide core 34 has hardness higher than that of the first tip portion 31 . Therefore, the wear resistance of the first tip portion 31 is improved, and the life of the tool can be extended as compared with the case where the carbide core 34 is not provided.

A peripheral crushing member 4 is attached to each peripheral through-hole 22 . The peripheral crushing member 4 has a second rear end portion 42 that is press-fitted into the peripheral through-hole (press-fit mounting portion) 22 , and the second rear end portion 42 is press-fitted into the peripheral through-hole 22 , thereby It has a second tip portion 41 which protrudes downward and functions as a crushing portion, and a carbide core 44 attached to the second tip portion 41 . In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the second rear end portion 42 has a tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as it goes upward. On the other hand, the peripheral through-hole 22 is finished to correspond to the tapered shape of the second rear end portion 42 so that the inner diameter becomes smaller as it goes upward, and the second rear end portion 42 is The outer surface is press-fitted into the peripheral through-hole 22 along the inner wall surface of the peripheral through-hole 22 . Further, similarly to the central crushing member 3, the cemented carbide core 44 is also provided for the recessed portion 411 of the peripheral crushing member 4, and for the reason described above, the wear resistance of the second tip portion 41 is improved, and the tool is improved. Long life is possible.

In this embodiment, the progress of the press-fitting of the second rear end portion 42 is stopped in the middle of the peripheral through-hole 22 . Alternatively, the upper end of the second rear end portion 42 may penetrate and protrude from the lower surface 23 of the base 2 . However, it is desirable that the second tip portion 41 is positioned at substantially the same height as the first tip portion 31, so that the second tip portion 41 is located at the same height as the first tip portion 31. and functions as a crusher.

Thus, in the present embodiment, the five crushing portions (=one first tip portion 31 + four second tip portions 41), as shown in FIG. are arranged in a matrix, that is, they are two-dimensionally distributed within the lower surface 23 of the pedestal 2 . Therefore, similarly to Patent Document 1, when the tool 1 for breaking into small pieces configured as described above is lowered from above the crushed large pieces 200, a plurality of crushing portions among the five crushing portions will smash the crushed pieces into large pieces. 200 and contributes to the crushing of the crushed large pieces 200 . In addition, since it is the same as that of patent document 1 about the advancing form of crushing, description is abbreviate|omitted here.

Here, when the present embodiment and the device described in Patent Document 1 are compared in appearance and functional operation, they are substantially similar, but the structure and fixing force for fixing to the pedestal 2 are greatly different. . That is, in Patent Literature 1, the crushed portion is fixed to the pedestal 2 by welding, whereas in the present embodiment, the crushed portion is press-fitted (appropriately by adding vibration) to cause seizure and fix it. More specifically, the central crushing member 3 is fixed to the pedestal 2 by seizure between the central through-hole 21 and the first tip 31 caused by press-fitting (+vibration) of the first tip 31 into the central through-hole 21. be. In addition, the peripheral crushing member 4 is designed so that the inner wall surface of the peripheral through-hole 22 and the second rear end 42 generated by press-fitting (+vibration) of the second rear end 42 into the peripheral through-hole 22 (press-fit mounting portion) It is fixed to the pedestal 2 by baking. For example, the first tip portion 31 is inserted into the central through-hole 21 and the second rear end portion 42 is inserted into the peripheral through-hole 22 . , 44 are in contact with the upper surface of the steel plate, and a breaker 103 or the like applies an impact force to the first rear end portion 32 of the central crushing member 3 to apply the press-fitting and vibration to the small splitting tool 1, thereby , seizure between the central through-hole 21 and the first tip portion 31 and seizure between the inner wall surface of the peripheral through-hole 22 and the second rear end portion 42 may occur. Alternatively, the seizure may be generated to fix the central crushing member 3 and the peripheral crushing members 4 to the pedestal 2 by another method.

As described above, in this embodiment, by utilizing the "seizure" that should be avoided in designing the mechanical structure, the fixing force of the central crushing member 3 and the peripheral crushing member 4 to the pedestal 2 is higher than the invention described in Patent Document 1. Therefore, the life of the cutting tool 1 can be extended, and the running cost of the cutting work can be reduced.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the splitting tool according to the present invention. The major difference of the second embodiment from the first embodiment is that a ring-shaped auxiliary member 5 is added, and the rest of the basic configuration is the same. Therefore, in the following, the description will focus on the differences, and the description of the configuration will be omitted by assigning the same reference numerals to the same configurations.

In the second embodiment, an auxiliary member 5 is provided on the top surface of the pedestal 2 . The auxiliary member 5 has an auxiliary through-hole 51 connected to the central through-hole 21 at the center of a columnar member having an outer diameter dimension that does not interfere with the peripheral through-hole 22 . The auxiliary through-hole 51 is finished so that the inner diameter of the auxiliary through-hole 51 becomes smaller as it goes downward, corresponding to the tapered shape of the first tip end portion 31 . match the inner diameter of By press-fitting the first tip portion 31 into the auxiliary through-hole 51 of the auxiliary member 5 and the central through-hole 21 of the pedestal 2 in this order, the first tip portion 31 and the auxiliary member 5 and the pedestal 2 are hardened. causing attachment. Therefore, the fixing strength of the first tip portion 31 can be increased. It is also possible to reduce the thickness of the pedestal 2 as shown in FIG. 3 while ensuring the same fixing force as in the first embodiment.

Also in the second embodiment configured in this way, since the fixing force is enhanced by utilizing the seizure phenomenon, it is possible to extend the life of the slicing tool and reduce the running cost of the slicing work. .

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the five crushing portions (=first tip portion 31 + four second tip portions 41) are arranged in a matrix and symmetrical about the first tip portion 31 in a plan view of the base 2 from below. However, the arrangement is not limited to this, and may be randomly distributed two-dimensionally.

In the above-described embodiment, the second rear end portion 42 is press-fitted into the peripheral through-hole 22, but instead, as shown in FIG. As an example of the "press-fit mounting portion" of the present invention, it is provided on the pedestal 2, and the second rear end portion 42 of the peripheral crushing member 4 is press-fitted into the pedestal 2 to cause seizure, thereby fixing the peripheral crushing member 4 to the pedestal 2. It may be configured as

In addition, the number of crushing parts is not limited to "5", and by providing the first tip part 31 and 1 to 3 or 5 or more second tip parts 41, 2 to 4 or 6 You may form the above crushing parts.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the first tip portion 31 and the second tip portion 41 are finished in a conical shape, but the shapes of the first tip portion 31 and the second tip portion 41 are not limited to this. A downward tapering shape is preferable, and as in Patent Document 1, for example, it may be finished in a quadrangular pyramid shape.

In the above embodiment, the lower surface 23 of the pedestal 2 is finished as a substantially horizontal surface, but the shape of the lower surface is not limited to this, and may be a curved surface that is concavely curved downward. Further, according to this, the peripheral second distal end portion 41 may be arranged so as to face the extension of the distal end of the first distal end portion 31 .

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the crushed large pieces 200 generated at a rock excavation site are targeted for crushing. Also, by using the cutting tool according to the present invention, the cutting work can be efficiently performed.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to general techniques for breaking large crushed objects into small pieces when crushing crushed objects such as rocks, rocks, and concrete structures.

1... Small splitting tool 2... Base 3... Central crushing member 4... Peripheral crushing member 5... Auxiliary member 21... Central through hole 22... Peripheral through hole 23... Lower surface (of pedestal) 24... Recess 31... (of central crushing member ) First tip portion 32 First rear end portion (of central crushing member) 33 Central portion 41 Second tip portion (of peripheral crushing member) 42 Second rear end portion (of peripheral crushing member) 51 Auxiliary Through-hole 200... Large crushed material

Claims (4)

A tool for breaking large pieces into small pieces,
a pedestal provided so as to be accessible while covering the crushed large pieces from above;
It has a shaft structure extending in the vertical direction, and is press-fitted from above into a central through hole provided through the center of the pedestal, so that it protrudes downward from the lower surface of the pedestal and is crushed. a first tip portion that functions as a portion, a first rear end portion that receives an impact force from the outside, a center portion that transmits the impact force received by the first rear end portion to the base and the first tip portion; a central crushing member having
a second rear end portion that is press-fitted into a press-fit mounting portion that is configured by a peripheral through-hole that penetrates the pedestal around the central through-hole or a recess that is recessed upward from the lower surface of the pedestal; 2 a peripheral crushing member having a second tip portion that protrudes downward from the lower surface of the pedestal and functions as a crushing portion when the rear end portion is press-fitted into the press-fit mounting portion;
The central crushing member is fixed to the pedestal by seizure between the central through-hole and the first tip caused by press-fitting the first tip into the central through-hole,
The peripheral crushing member is fixed to the pedestal by seizure between the press-fit mounting portion and the second rear end portion generated by press-fitting the second rear end portion into the press-fit mounting portion.
A small splitting tool characterized by: The tool for splitting into small pieces according to claim 1,
The first tip portion has a tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as it goes downward,
The central through-hole is finished so that the inner diameter becomes smaller as it goes downward, corresponding to the tapered shape of the first tip,
The second rear end has a tapered shape with an outer diameter that decreases as it goes upward,
The press-fit mounting portion is finished so that the inner diameter becomes smaller as it goes upward, corresponding to the tapered shape of the second rear end portion. The tool for splitting into small pieces according to claim 2,
An auxiliary member provided on the upper surface of the pedestal having an auxiliary through hole finished so that the inner diameter becomes smaller as it goes downward in correspondence with the tapered shape of the first tip, further comprising:
The central crushing member is further fixed to the pedestal through the auxiliary member by seizure between the auxiliary through-hole and the first tip caused by press-fitting the first tip into the auxiliary through-hole. , Small split tool. A method for breaking a large crushed material into small pieces using the tool for making small pieces according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
a step of arranging the small-cutting tool above the large-cut crushed material;
A step of applying a downward external force to the first rear end portion of the central crushing member, thereby striking and crushing the large crushed objects with the tip portions of the plurality of crushing portions at different positions. and a subdivision method characterized by comprising:

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