JP7046026B2 - SiCエピタキシャルウエハ、半導体装置、電力変換装置 - Google Patents
SiCエピタキシャルウエハ、半導体装置、電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
<A-1.構成>
キャロット欠陥は、SiCエピタキシャル層の内部応力を起因として発生するデバイスキラー欠陥であり、線状形状を有する。この欠陥は、特にMOSFET(metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor)またはIGBT(insulated gate bipolar transistor)等のデバイスに、耐圧不良等の致命的な不具合を生じさせることが知られている。一般的に、キャロット欠陥は、1.0[個/cm2]程度の密度でエピタキシャル成長層表面に発生し、デバイスに悪影響を与える。しかし、従来の手法ではキャロット欠陥を十分に低減したSiCエピタキシャルウエハを得ることができなかった。
SiCエピタキシャルウエハ11の製造方法を以下に説明する。
SiCエピタキシャルウエハ11において、SiC基板1とSiCエピタキシャル層2との間にSiCバッファ層が設けられていても良い。図3は、そのような第1変形例のSiCエピタキシャルウエハ12の断面と各部のキャリア濃度とを示している。SiCエピタキシャルウエハ12は、SiC基板1とSiCエピタキシャル層2との間にSiCバッファ層3を備えており、これ以外の構成はSiCエピタキシャルウエハ11と同様である。図3において、SiCバッファ層3のキャリア濃度は、SiC基板1のキャリア濃度より小さく、高キャリア濃度層2B1のキャリア濃度より大きく示している。しかし、SiCバッファ層3のキャリア濃度は、SiC基板1のキャリア濃度より高くても低くてもよい。
実施の形態1のSiCエピタキシャルウエハ11は、SiC基板1と、SiC基板1上に形成されたSiCエピタキシャル層2と、を備え、SiCエピタキシャル層2は、高キャリア濃度層2B1と、高キャリア濃度層2B1よりもキャリア濃度が低く、高キャリア濃度層2B1の上面と底面に接して高キャリア濃度層2B1を挟み込む2層の低キャリア濃度層2Aとを備え、低キャリア濃度層の高キャリア濃度層に接する領域のキャリア濃度と、高キャリア濃度層のキャリア濃度の最大値との差は、5×1014/cm3以上2×1016/cm3以下である。従って、SiCエピタキシャル層2中の内部応力を効果的に緩和し、キャロット欠陥を大幅に低減することができる。これにより、デバイスキラー欠陥密度の低減によるデバイス歩留りの向上を図ることができる。
実施の形態2において、実施の形態1で説明した構成と同様の構成には同じ符号を付して図示し、その詳細な説明は適宜省略する。
図6は、実施の形態2のSiCエピタキシャルウエハ15の断図と各部のキャリア濃度とを示している。SiCエピタキシャルウエハ15は、実施の形態1のSiCエピタキシャルウエハ11と比較すると、SiCエピタキシャル層2が高キャリア濃度層2B1に代えて高キャリア濃度層2B2を備えており、それ以外の点でSiCエピタキシャルウエハ11と同様である。
SiCエピタキシャルウエハ15は、実施の形態1で説明したSiCエピタキシャルウエハ11の製造工程において、高キャリア濃度層2B1に代えて高キャリア濃度層2B2を形成することにより得られる。具体的には、1つ目の低キャリア濃度層2Aを形成した後、エピタキシャル成長条件を徐々に変更してエピタキシャル成長層のキャリア濃度を増やしていき、低キャリア濃度層2Aとのキャリア濃度差が5×1014/cm3以上2×1016/cm3以下に到達すると、すぐにエピタキシャル成長条件を低キャリア濃度層2A形成時の条件に向かって徐々に戻していくことにより、高キャリア濃度層2B2が得られる。
実施の形態2に係るSiCエピタキシャルウエハ15において、高キャリア濃度層2B2は、その内部にキャリア濃度が最大となる最大点を有し、高キャリア濃度層2B2の上面および底面から最大点に向けて、SiCエピタキシャル層2の厚み方向にキャリア濃度が連続的に増加する。このように、高キャリア濃度層2B2のキャリア濃度プロファイルを楔形にすることで、低キャリア濃度層2Aと高キャリア濃度層2B2との格子不整合が緩和されるため、キャロット欠陥をより低密度化することが可能となる。
実施の形態3は、上述した実施の形態1,2のSiCエピタキシャルウエハ11-15のいずれかを用いて形成された半導体装置を電力変換装置に適用したものである。SiCエピタキシャルウエハ11-15の適用は特定の電力変換装置に限定されるものではないが、以下、実施の形態3では、三相のインバータにSiCエピタキシャルウエハ11を適用した場合について説明する。
Claims (7)
- SiC基板と、
前記SiC基板上に形成されたSiCエピタキシャル層と、を備え、
前記SiCエピタキシャル層は、
高キャリア濃度層と、
前記高キャリア濃度層よりもキャリア濃度が低く、前記高キャリア濃度層の上面と底面に接して前記高キャリア濃度層を挟み込む2層の低キャリア濃度層とを備え、
前記低キャリア濃度層の前記高キャリア濃度層に接する領域のキャリア濃度と、前記高キャリア濃度層のキャリア濃度の最大値との差は、5×1014/cm3以上2×1016/cm3以下である、
SiCエピタキシャルウエハ。 - 前記高キャリア濃度層のキャリア濃度は、前記SiCエピタキシャル層の厚み方向において一定である、
請求項1に記載のSiCエピタキシャルウエハ。 - 前記高キャリア濃度層はその内部にキャリア濃度が最大値をとる最大点を有し、
前記高キャリア濃度層の上面および底面から前記最大点に向けて、前記SiCエピタキシャル層の厚み方向に前記キャリア濃度が連続的に増加する、
請求項1に記載のSiCエピタキシャルウエハ。 - 前記高キャリア濃度層の厚みは、0.1μm以上0.5μm以下である、
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のSiCエピタキシャルウエハ。 - 前記低キャリア濃度層のキャリア濃度は、1×1014/cm3以上1×1016/cm3以下である、
請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のSiCエピタキシャルウエハ。 - 請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載のSiCエピタキシャルウエハを用いて形成された、
半導体装置。 - 請求項6に記載の半導体装置を有し、入力される電力を変換して出力する主変換回路と、
前記半導体装置を駆動する駆動信号を前記半導体装置に出力する駆動回路と、
前記駆動回路を制御する制御信号を前記駆動回路に出力する制御回路と、
を備えた電力変換装置。
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