JP6937309B2 - ハイブリッドプロモーターおよびその使用 - Google Patents
ハイブリッドプロモーターおよびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6937309B2 JP6937309B2 JP2018536777A JP2018536777A JP6937309B2 JP 6937309 B2 JP6937309 B2 JP 6937309B2 JP 2018536777 A JP2018536777 A JP 2018536777A JP 2018536777 A JP2018536777 A JP 2018536777A JP 6937309 B2 JP6937309 B2 JP 6937309B2
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Description
本願は、ASCIIの形式で電子的に提出されているシークエンスリストを含むものである。このリスト全体は本明細書中参照として援用される。2017年1月25日に作成された上記ASCIIのコピーは、JUST0051_SL.txtと命名されており、25,408バイトの大きさである。
本発明は、哺乳類細胞におけるタンパク質の組み換え産生に関する。
哺乳類細胞の培養における組み換え発現による治療用タンパク質の工業規模での産生は、規制ガイドラインと一致するまたはこれを超える組み換え発現の最大限の効率および製品品質の特徴を目指す、比較的近年での試みである。
(ii)mCMVエンハンサー配列のCMVプロモーター配列の3’に、およびラットEF−1αイントロン配列の5’に、操作可能に連結される介在性の第1のリーダー配列と、
(iii)EF−1αイントロン配列の3’に操作可能に連結される第2のリーダー配列
を含む。本発明のハイブリッドプロモーターにおけるラットEF−1αイントロン配列とmCMVエンハンサー配列の組み合わせは、限定するものではないが、抗原結合タンパク質、イムノグロブリン、抗体または抗体フラグメンなどの、(たとえば疾患を治療するためのヒトの治療法としての)、生物学的な分子の工業生産に適した高い力価および高い特異的生産性を伴う、特にCHO細胞による、対象とするタンパク質の組み換え発現を促進し、いくつかの細胞株で試験された他のプロモーターよりも一般に優れていた。
本明細書中他の定義がなされない限り、本願に関連して使用される科学用語および技術用語は、当業者が一般に理解する意味を有するものである。さらに、文脈によって他の意味が必要とされない限り、単数形は複数を含むものであり、複数形は単数形を含むものである。よって、本明細書および添付の特許請求の範囲で使用されるように、単数形の「a」、「an」、および「the」は、文脈で他の意味が明記されない限り、複数の指示対象を含む。たとえば、「1つのタンパク質(a protein)」との表現は複数のタンパク質を含み、「1つの細胞(a cell)」との表現は、複数の細胞の集合を含む。
(i)mCMVエンハンサーエレメント(「mCMV−E」);およびこのmCMVエンハンサー配列の3’末端で、
(ii)CMVプロモーター配列(「CMV−P」;すなわちTATAボックスで始まり、かつTATAボックス〜転写の開始部位を含むヌクレオチド配列のセグメント):を含み;このCMVプロモーター配列は、mCMV、hCMV、サルCMV、ラットCMV、もしくは他のいずれかの様々なCMVに由来してよく、またはCHO細胞などの哺乳類細胞において転写を可能するよう機能的である、最適化されたバージョンのCMV−Pであってよい。
アルゴリズム:Needleman et al., 1970, J. Mol. Biol. 48:443−453;
比較マトリックス:上記のHenikoff et al., 1992からのBLOSUM62;
ギャップペナルティ:12(エンドギャップではペナルティを含まない)
ギャップ長ペナルティ:4
類似性の閾値:0
DNAのクローニングは、標準的な技術(たとえば、参照として本明細書中に援用されるSambrook et al. (1989) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Guide, Vols 1−3, Cold Spring Harbor Pressを参照)を使用して行われる。たとえば、cDNAライブラリーは、ポリA+mRNA、好ましくは膜結合型RNAの逆転写により構築でき、このライブラリーは、ヒトのイムノグロブリンポリペプチドの遺伝子配列に特異的なプローブを使用してスクリーニングされる。一実施形態では、しかしながら、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCD)を使用して、対象とするイムノグロブリンの遺伝子セグメント(たとえば軽鎖または重鎖の可変部のセグメント)をコードするcDNA(または完全長のcDNAの一部)を増幅する。増幅された配列は、いずれかの適切なベクター、たとえば発現ベクター、ミニ遺伝子ベクター、またはファージディスプレイベクター中へ容易にクローン化できる。使用されるクローンニングの特定の方法は、対象とするイムノグロブリンポリペプチドのいくつかの部分の配列を決定することが可能である限り、重要ではないことが認識されている。
(i)mCMVエンハンサーエレメント(mCMV−E)およびその3’末端にCMVプロモーター(CMV−P)配列を含み、ラットのEF−1αイントロン配列に対し5’で操作可能に連結される、mCMVエンハンサー配列と、
(ii)mCMVエンハンサー配列のCMVプロモーター配列の3’に、およびラットのEF−1αイントロン配列の5’に、操作可能に連結される介在性の第1のリーダー配列と、
(iii)ラットのEF−1αイントロン配列の3’に操作可能に連結される第2のリーダー配列と
を含む、ハイブリッドプロモーター。
(a)対象とするタンパク質の発現を可能にする生理学的な条件下で水系培地において、実施形態11〜14のいずれかに記載の哺乳類の宿主細胞を培養することと、
(b)上記培地から対象とするタンパク質を回収することと
を含む、方法。
(a)生理学的な条件下で水系培地において、実施形態7または8に記載のハイブリッドプロモーターを含む発現ベクターを含む哺乳類の宿主細胞を培養することであって、上記哺乳類の宿主細胞がTetRを発現でき、これにより、培地中のテトラサイクリンの不在下で、対象とするタンパク質の発現が抑制される、ことと、
(b)宿主細胞中でTetRを結合するのに十分な量で水系培地にテトラサイクリンを添加することであって、それにより宿主細胞による対象とするタンパク質の発現が抑制解除される、ことと、
(c)上記培地から対象とするタンパク質を回収すること
を含む、方法。
実施例1
材料および方法
ベクターの構築:すべてのベクターC、D、E、F、およびGは、対象とする外因性タンパク質「Fc−A」(または「FC−A」;治療上の抗炎症性抗体との例示的なFc融合物)をコードするDNA配列、EMCVウイルス由来のIRES、マウスのジヒドロ葉酸レダクターゼ遺伝子、および上述のSV40ウイルス由来の221bp後期ポリアデニル化を含んだ(Kaufman, R.J. et al., Improved vectors for stable expression of foreign genes in mammalian cells by use of the untranslated leader sequence from EMC virus, Nucl. Acids Res. 19(16): 4485−4490 (1991); Schek, et al., Definition of the upstream efficiency element of the simian virus 40 late polyadenylation signal by using in vitro analyses, Mol. Cell. Biol. 12(12):5386−93 (1992))。IRESとDHFRの間のジャンクションは
前述のように、長期間のエレクトロポレーションを行った(Bodwell, et al., Long Duration electroporation for achieving high level expression of glucocorticoi receptors n mammalian cell lines. J. Steriod Biochem. and Mol. Biol., 68(e 8), 77−82 (1999))。簡潔に述べると、2×107個の細胞を、0.3mlのHBSバッファー(0.01MのHEPES(pH7.4)、0.15MのNaCl、3mMのEDTA、0.005%(v/v)のポリソルベート20)中に再懸濁し、25mgのDNAを添加し、3175μFの静電容量、720オーム、および200ボルトでBTX EM 600を使用して4mmのギャップのキュベット中でエレクトロポレーションを行った。
CHO細胞を、Fc−A融合タンパク質を発現する様々なコンストラクトを用いてトランスフェクトした。これらのコンストラクトは、図1および図2に示される。トランスフェクトされた細胞の集合を、Fc−A融合タンパク質の発現に関して比較した。
様々なFc−A発現プラスミドを使用して、エレクトロポレーションを用いて、DHFR変異CHO細胞株であるDXB11をトランスフェクトした。これらの細胞を、ProCHO4中で増殖し、ヒポキサンチンおよびチミジンを欠く培地での増殖に関してまず選択し、次いで150nMのメトトレキサート(MTX)で選択した。150nMのMTXで選択した細胞の集合を、1×106個の細胞/mlで播種し、2日目、4日目および7日目に、Ex−cell Advanced CHO Feed 1(SAFC)およびグルコースを与えた。上清の液体を8日目に回収し、前述のようにporos protein Aにより解析した。
ベクターD、F、およびG(図1)を、PowerCHO2中で増殖させたDXB11細胞をトランスフェクトするために使用した。細胞を、ヒポキサンチンおよびチミジンを欠く培地における増殖に関してまず選択し、150nMのMTXに対して増幅し、次に500nMのMTXに対して再度増幅して発現をさらに高めた。これらの集合を、1×106個の細胞/mlで播種し、2日目、3日目および6日目にEx−cell Advanced CHO Feed 1およびグルコースを与えた。上清の液体を、8日目に回収した。図4Aおよび図4Bでそれぞれ示されるように、ベクターDでトランスフェクトされたこれら集合の力価は、ベクターFおよびGと比較して顕著に高かった。ベクターDの特異的な生産性は一般に、ベクターFおよびGよりも高かった。
CHO細胞を、Fc−A融合タンパク質を発現するベクターDおよびベクターFでトランスフェクトした。Ex−cell 302中で増殖させたDXB11細胞を、前述のようにトランスフェクトした。別のDHFR変異細胞株であるDG44を、PowerCHO2中で増殖させ、DXB11細胞と同様にトランスフェクトした。トランスフェクトされた細胞の集合を、それらのFc−Aの発現に関して比較した。細胞を、エレクトロポレーションを使用してトランスフェクトし、ヒポキサンチンおよびチミジンを欠く培地での増殖に関して選択し、次に150nMのMTXに対して増幅した。DXB11を、500nMのMTXに対してさらに増幅し、DG44細胞を、1μMのMTXに対しさらに増幅した。細胞の集合を次に、Ex−cell Advanced CHO Feed 1を補充した増殖培地中へ1:5の希釈で播種し、3日目、6日目および8日目にEx−cell Advanced CHO Feed 1およびグルコースを与えた。上清の液体を10日目に回収し、上述のようにporos protein Aにより解析した。力価および特異的生産性が、それぞれ、図5Aおよび図5Bに示される。
Tetリプレッサー(TetR)を発現する細胞において、テトラサイクリンを使用してTetオペレーター配列を含むプロモーターからの発現を調節できる(Yao et al)。TATAボックスのすぐ3’でのTetオペレーター(TetO)配列の導入は、TetRの存在下でこのプロモーターからの転写を防止する。おそらくは、TetRがTetOに結合し、転写開始因子が転写開始部位と相互作用するのを阻むか、または転写開始複合体の形成を妨害する(Yao et al)。特に、TetO配列の位置決めは、TetRが転写を効率的に調節できるかどうかを決定する際に重要である(Yao et al., Tetracycline repressor, tetR, rather than the tetR−mammalian cell transcription factor fusion derivatives, regulates inducible gene expression in mammalian cells, Hum. Gene Ther. 9(13):1939−50 (1998)参照)。
T−Rex(商標)−CHO細胞
T−Rex−CHO細胞株(Thermo Fisher Scientific, Product No. R71807)を、製造社のプロトコルにしたがい、Ham’sF12培地+グルタミン+10μg/mlのBlast中で培養した。T−Rex−CHO細胞を、Bodwellらにより記載される長期間のエレクトロポレーション(LDE)法(Bodwell et al., Long Duration Electroporation for Achieving High Level Expression of Glucocorticoid Receptors in Mammalian Cell Lines, J. Steroid Biochem. Molec. Biol. 68:77−82 (1999))を使用して、図6、図7、図8、および図9にそれぞれ示される、βガラクトシダーゼタンパク質を発現する様々なコンストラクトのpJV56、pJV57、pJV59、およびpJV60でエレクトロポレーションした。トランスフェクトした細胞を24時間回収し、次に24時間の間1μg/mlのテトラサイクリンを伴いまたは伴わずに処理した。細胞を溶解し、βガラクトシダーゼ活性を製造社のプロトコルにしたがいβ−Gal Assay Kit(Thermo Fisher Scientific, Product No. K1455−01)を使用してアッセイした。簡潔に述べると、ライセートを10倍希釈し、10μlのアリコートを、BCA protein assay kit(Thermo Fisher Scientific, Product No. 23227)を使用してアッセイして、ライセートのタンパク質濃度を決定した。ライセートを100倍希釈し、10μlのアリコートをβガラクトシダーゼ活性に関してアッセイした。すべての試料を、少なくとも二重でトランスフェクトした。特異的なβガラクトシダーゼ活性を、アッセイしたタンパク質の量に対して正規化し、モックトランスフェクトした細胞のバックグラウンド活性を、トランスフェクト試料から減算した。結果を、標準偏差を伴いグラフに示した(図14)。
別々の実験で、テトラサイクリンリプレッサー(TetR)を、Genscript(登録商標)(ニュージャージー州ピスカタウェイ)によりpcDNA3.1+発現ベクター中にサブクローニングして、ベクターpJV40_pcDNA3.1+tetR(本明細書中では「pJV40」と略される;図15)を得た。CHO−K1細胞を規定通り、PowerCHO(商標)既知組成,無血清CHO培地(Lonza, Product No. BE12−771Q)中で培養し、細胞を、pJV40に関して上述のように、LDE法を使用してエレクトロポレーションした。トランスフェクトした集合を、PowerCHO(商標)2+600μg/ml G418(Gibco, Product No. 10131027)中で10日間選択した。細胞を次に段階希釈し、96ウェルのマイクロプレート(Corning(登録商標)CellBIND(登録商標)96 Well, Product #3340)に、クローニング培地(CHO細胞用のEX−CELL(登録商標)302 無血清培地;Sigma−Aldrich, Product No. 14326C SIGMA)+15%の条件培地、G418の存在下)中ウェル当たり0.75個の細胞で、プレーティングした。クローンの集合を11〜12日後に同定し、さらに3〜4日間の間、50/50のクローニング培地/PowerCHO(商標)2培地中で12ウェルプレートに移した。最後に、クローンを、24ディープウェルプレート(VWR, Product No. P−DW−10ML−24−C−S)に移動させ、PowerCHO(商標)2培地+600μg/mlのG418中で一定して振盪(220rpm)しながら増殖させた。
T−REx(商標)CHO細胞
TetRを安定して発現する市販の細胞株であるT−RExCHO細胞(Thermo Fisher Scientific)を使用する実験で、本出願人らは、テトラサイクリン(Tet)により調節されるpJV57の能力を試験するために、読み出し情報としてβガラクトシダーゼ(β―gal)活性を測定した。図14に示されるように、pJV57は、テトラサイクリンの存在(+Tet)により誘導される場合、pJV56と同等の発現を有した。さらに、pJV57は、テトラサイクリンで調節される強力な発現を呈することが示されたベクターであるpcDNA5/TO/LacZと比較して、テトラサイクリンの存在下で(+Tet)約10倍高いLacZの発現を有した。pJV57はまた、テトラサイクリンによる、3.5倍の調節された発現を示し、これは強力に調節されるプロモーターを示す重要な知見である。陽性対照pcDNA5/TO/LacZに関するTetの調節の倍数差は、誘導されないpcDNA5/TO/LacZとバックグラウンドの間の信号対雑音比が低く、対照で陰性のβ―gal活性をもたらすため、図14には含まれなかった。
別の実験で、TetRを安定して発現するCHO−K1細胞株を、pcDNA3.1+ベクター中にサブクローニングされたTetR遺伝子を有するpJV40(図15参照)のトランスフェクションにより、作製した。ジェネテシン耐性のCHO−K1の集合を段階希釈して、単一の細胞のコロニーを入手し、高発現のTetR、すなわちTetの非存在下で2倍超のLacZの抑制を有するようにスクリーニングした(データ不図示)。3つのクローンを、図16、図17、および図18にそれぞれ示されるように、さらなる解析のため選択し、これらは本明細書中でCHO−K1/TetRと呼ばれる。これらのクローンを、対照としてpcDNA5/TO/LacZ、および本発明の発現ベクター、すなわち上述のベクターpJV56、pJV57、pJV59およびpJV60、で一時的にトランスフェクトし、自家作製したTetR発現細胞を使用して、mCMVエンハンサー配列/ラットEF−1αイントロンハイブリッドプロモーターに基づきTet調節型プロモーターエレメントの有効性を決定した。
Claims (24)
- (i)マウスサイトメガロウイルス(mCMV)エンハンサーエレメント(mCMV−E)およびその3’末端にCMVプロモーター(CMV−P)配列を含む、mCMVエンハンサー配列と、
(ii)前記mCMVエンハンサー配列の3’側に操作可能に連結されるラットEF−1αイントロン配列と、
(iii)前記mCMVエンハンサー配列のCMVプロモーター配列の3’に、および前記ラットEF−1αイントロン配列の5’に、操作可能に連結される介在性の第1のリーダー配列と、
(iv)前記ラットEF−1αイントロン配列の3’に操作可能に連結される第2のリーダー配列
を含む、ハイブリッドプロモーター。 - 前記mCMVエンハンサー配列の3’末端でのCMVプロモーター配列が、配列番号24または配列番号26のヌクレオチド配列を有するセグメントを含む、請求項1に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- 前記ラットEF−1αイントロン配列が、配列番号4のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- 前記mCMVエンハンサー配列が、配列番号2または配列番号33のヌクレオチド配列を含み;前記ラットEF−1αイントロン配列が、配列番号4のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- 前記mCMVエンハンサー配列が、配列番号2のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項4に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- 前記第1のリーダー配列が、配列番号3のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- 前記第2のリーダー配列が、配列番号5のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- 前記CMVプロモーター配列内に挿入される1つまたは複数のTetO配列をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- 配列番号1、配列番号30、配列番号31、または配列番号32のヌクレオチド配列と少なくとも95%の配列同一性を有するヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- 配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- 配列番号30のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- 配列番号31のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- 配列番号32のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1に記載のハイブリッドプロモーター。
- (a)対象とする外因性タンパク質をコードするオープンリーディングフレームの5’に操作可能に連結される、請求項1または請求項8に記載のハイブリッドプロモーターと、
(b)前記オープンリーディングフレームの3’に操作可能に連結されるポリアデニル化部位
を含む、発現カセット。 - 請求項14に記載の発現カセットを含む組み換え発現ベクター。
- 請求項15に記載の組み換え発現ベクターを含む哺乳類の宿主細胞。
- さらにTetRを発現できる、請求項16に記載の哺乳類の宿主細胞。
- チャイニーズハムスター卵巣(CHO)細胞由来である、請求項16または17に記載の哺乳類の宿主細胞。
- CHO−K1細胞、DXB11細胞、およびDG44細胞からなる群から選択される、請求項18に記載の哺乳類の宿主細胞。
- 対象とするタンパク質を産生する方法であって、
(a)対象とするタンパク質の発現を可能にする生理学的条件下で水系培地にて、請求項16に記載の哺乳類の宿主細胞を培養することと、
(b)前記培地から対象とするタンパク質を回収すること
を含む、方法。 - 対象とするタンパク質を産生する方法であって、
(a)生理学的条件下で水系培地にて、請求項8に記載のハイブリッドプロモーターを含む発現ベクターを含む哺乳類の宿主細胞を培養することであって、前記哺乳類の宿主細胞がTetRを発現でき、これにより、前記培地中のテトラサイクリンの非存在下で、対象とするタンパク質の発現が抑制される、培養することと、
(b)前記宿主細胞中でTetRを結合するのに十分な量で前記水系培地にテトラサイクリンを添加することであって、それにより前記宿主細胞による対象とするタンパク質の発現が抑制解除される、添加することと、
(c)前記培地から対象とするタンパク質を回収すること
を含む、方法。 - 前記水系培地が無血清である、請求項20または21に記載の対象とするタンパク質を産生する方法。
- 前記哺乳類の宿主細胞を培養することが液体水系培地での懸濁液中で行われる、請求項20または21に記載の対象とするタンパク質を産生する方法。
- 前記哺乳類の宿主細胞を培養することが固体または半固体の基板上の接着層中で行われる、請求項20または21に記載の対象とするタンパク質を産生する方法。
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