JP6970861B1 - 透明導電性フィルム、および透明導電性フィルムの製造方法 - Google Patents
透明導電性フィルム、および透明導電性フィルムの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6970861B1 JP6970861B1 JP2021517065A JP2021517065A JP6970861B1 JP 6970861 B1 JP6970861 B1 JP 6970861B1 JP 2021517065 A JP2021517065 A JP 2021517065A JP 2021517065 A JP2021517065 A JP 2021517065A JP 6970861 B1 JP6970861 B1 JP 6970861B1
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Abstract
Description
好ましくは1原子%以下、より好ましくは0.5原子%以下、更に好ましくは0.3原子%以下、特に好ましくは0.2原子%以下である。このような構成は、透明導電層20を結晶化させて得られる透明導電層20'の低抵抗化の観点から好ましい。また、第1領域21におけるKrの含有割合は、第1領域21の厚さ方向Tの全域において、例えば0.0001原子%以上である。
透明な樹脂フィルムとしての長尺のポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム(厚さ50μm,東レ社製)の一方の面に、アクリル樹脂を含有する紫外線硬化性樹脂を塗布して塗膜を形成した。次に、紫外線照射によって当該塗膜を硬化させてハードコート層(厚さ2μm)を形成した。このようにして、樹脂フィルムと機能層としてのハードコート層とを備える透明樹脂基材を作製した。
次のこと以外は、実施例1の透明導電性フィルムと同様にして、実施例2の透明導電性フィルムを作製した。スパッタ成膜において、成膜室内の気圧を0.2Paとし、成膜室への酸素導入量を、形成されるITO膜の比抵抗の値が6.0×10−4Ω・cmになるように調整しつつ、厚さ25nmの非晶質の透明導電層を形成した。
透明導電層の形成において、透明樹脂基材上に透明導電層の第1領域(厚さ26nm)を形成する第1スパッタ成膜と、当該第1領域上に透明導電層の第2領域(厚さ104nm)を形成する第2スパッタ成膜とを順次に実施したこと以外は、実施例1の透明導電性フィルムと同様にして、実施例3の透明導電性フィルムを作製した。
次のこと以外は、実施例3の透明導電性フィルムと同様にして、実施例4の透明導電性フィルムを作製した。第1スパッタ成膜において、成膜室への酸素導入量を、形成されるITO膜の比抵抗の値が6.2×10−4Ω・cmになるように調整しつつ、厚さ52nmの第1領域を形成した。第2スパッタ成膜において、成膜室への酸素導入量を、形成されるITO膜の比抵抗の値が6.2×10−4Ω・cmになるように調整しつつ、厚さ78nmの第2領域を形成した。
次のこと以外は、実施例3の透明導電性フィルムと同様にして、実施例5の透明導電性フィルムを作製した。第1スパッタ成膜において、厚さ63nmの第1領域を形成した。第2スパッタ成膜において、厚さ27nmの第2領域を形成した。
スパッタ成膜における次のこと以外は、実施例1の透明導電性フィルムと同様にして、実施例11の透明導電性フィルムを作製した。スパッタリングガスとしてクリプトンとアルゴンとの混合ガス(Kr85体積%,Ar15体積%)を用いた。成膜室に導入される酸素導入量を、形成される膜の比抵抗の値が5.9×10−4Ω・cmになるように調整した。形成される透明導電層の厚さを145nmとした。
次のこと以外は、実施例1の透明導電性フィルムと同様にして、比較例1の透明導電性フィルムを作製した。スパッタ成膜において、成膜室への酸素導入量を、形成されるITO膜の比抵抗の値が5.7×10−4Ω・cmになるように調整した。
次のこと以外は、実施例3の透明導電性フィルムと同様にして、比較例2の透明導電性フィルムを作製した。第1スパッタ成膜において、厚さ98nmの第1領域を形成した。第2スパッタ成膜において、厚さ32nmの第2領域を形成した。
次のこと以外は、実施例1の透明導電性フィルムと同様にして、比較例3の透明導電性フィルムを作製した。スパッタ成膜において、スパッタリングガスとしてArを用い、成膜室内の気圧を0.4Paとし、成膜室への酸素導入量を、形成されるITO膜の比抵抗の値が6.2×10−4Ω・cmになるように調整した。
実施例1〜6および比較例1〜3における各透明導電層の厚さを、FE−TEM観察により測定した。具体的には、まず、FIBマイクロサンプリング法により、実施例1〜6および比較例1〜3における各透明導電層の断面観察用サンプルを作製した。FIBマイクロサンプリング法では、FIB装置(商品名「FB2200」,Hitachi製)を使用し、加速電圧を10kVとした。次に、断面観察用サンプルにおける透明導電層の厚さを、FE−TEM観察によって測定した。FE−TEM観察では、FE−TEM装置(商品名「JEM−2800」,JEOL製)を使用し、加速電圧を200kVとした。
実施例1〜6および比較例1〜3における各透明導電層について、加熱処理後の比抵抗を調べた。加熱処理では、加熱手段として熱風オーブンを使用し、加熱温度を165℃とし、加熱時間を60分間とした。JIS K 7194(1994年)に準拠した四端子法により、透明導電層の表面抵抗を測定した後、表面抵抗値と透明導電層の厚さとを乗じることにより、比抵抗(Ω・cm)を求めた。加熱処理後の比抵抗の値(R1)を表1に掲げる。表1には、加熱処理前の比抵抗の値(R2)も示す。また、実施例1〜6および比較例1〜3における各透明導電層の低抵抗性について、上記加熱処理後の比抵抗が2.2×10−4でΩ・cm以下ある場合を“良”と評価し、上記加熱処理後の比抵抗が2.2×10−4でΩ・cmを超える場合を“不良”と評価した。この評価結果も表1に示す。
実施例1〜6および比較例1,2における各透明導電層がKr原子を含有することは、次のようにして確認した。まず、走査型蛍光X線分析装置(商品名「ZSX PrimusIV」,リガク社製)を使用して、下記の測定条件にて蛍光X線分析測定を5回繰り返し、各走査角度の平均値を算出し、X線スペクトルを作成した。そして、作成されたX線スペクトルにおいて、走査角度28.2°近傍にピークが出ていることを確認することにより、透明導電層にKr原子が含有されることを確認した。
スペクトル;Kr−KA
測定径:30mm
雰囲気:真空
ターゲット:Rh
管電圧:50kV
管電流:60mA
1次フィルタ:Ni40
走査角度(deg):27.0〜29.5
ステップ(deg):0.020
速度(deg/分):0.75
アッテネータ:1/1
スリット:S2
分光結晶:LiF(200)
検出器:SC
PHA:100〜300
実施例1〜6および比較例1〜3の各透明導電性フィルムについて、加熱処理を経た場合の熱収縮率を調べた。具体的には、まず、透明導電性フィルムごとに、第1辺10cm×第2辺10cmのサイズの第1サンプルフィルムを3枚用意した。第1辺は、透明導電性フィルムにとってのMD方向(即ち、ロールトゥロール方式での上述の製造プロセスにおけるフィルム走行方向)に延びる辺である(後記の第1サンプルフィルムにおいても同様である)。第2辺は、透明導電性フィルムにとってのTD方向(即ち、前記フィルム走行方向と直交する方向)に延びる辺である(後記の第1サンプルフィルムにおいても同様である)。次に、各第1サンプルフィルムの形状を、非接触CNC画像測定機(商品名「QV ACCEL606−PRO」,ミツトヨ社製)によって測定した(第1測定)。次に、熱風オーブン内で第1サンプルフィルムを加熱処理した。加熱処理では、加熱温度を165℃とし、加熱時間を60分間とした。次に、加熱処理後に常温まで降温した各第1サンプルフィルムの形状を、上記非接触CNC画像測定機によって測定した(第2測定)。そして、第1測定によって得られた形状データと、第2測定によって得られた形状データとに基づき、いずれの第1サンプルフィルムにおいても、上記の加熱処理による熱収縮率が最大である方向(第1方向)がMD方向であることを特定した。また、透明導電性フィルムごとの3枚の第1サンプルフィルムにおける合計六つの第2辺の、加熱処理による熱収縮率の平均を、第2方向の第1熱収縮率T1(%)として求めた。その値を表1に示す。
実施例1〜6および比較例1〜3の各透明導電性フィルムについて、加熱処理を経た場合に透明導電層にクラックが発生する程度を調べた。具体的には、まず、長辺50cm×短辺5cmのサイズの透明導電性フィルムを3枚用意し、各フィルムの両短辺を、耐熱テープによって鉄板表面に固定した。次に、熱風オーブン内で鉄板上の各透明導電性フィルムを加熱処理した。加熱処理では、加熱温度を165℃とし、加熱時間を60分間とした。次に、加熱処理後に常温まで降温した透明導電性フィルムを5cm×5cmのサイズに細分化し、30枚の観察用のサンプルを得た。次に、サンプルごとに、光学顕微鏡によって観察してクラックの有無を調べた。そして、透明導電性フィルムの透明導電層におけるクラックの発生の抑制について、透明導電層にクラックが確認されたサンプルの数が、15枚以下である場合を“良”と評価し、16枚以上である場合を“不良”と評価した。この評価結果を表1に示す。
T 厚さ方向
10 透明樹脂基材
11 樹脂フィルム
12 機能層
20 透明導電層
Claims (4)
- 透明樹脂基材と透明導電層とを厚さ方向にこの順で備える透明導電性フィルムであって、
前記厚さ方向と直交する面内方向において、165℃および60分間の加熱条件での加熱処理による熱収縮率が最大である第1方向と、当該第1方向と直交する第2方向とを有し、
前記透明導電性フィルムの、前記加熱条件での加熱処理による前記第2方向の第1熱収縮率T1、および、前記透明樹脂基材の、前記加熱条件での加熱処理による前記第2方向の第2熱収縮率T2が、0%≦T1−T2<0.12%を満たす、透明導電性フィルム。 - 前記透明導電層がクリプトンを含有する、請求項1に記載の透明導電性フィルム。
- 前記透明導電層が非晶質である、請求項1または2に記載の透明導電性フィルム。
- 請求項3に記載の透明導電性フィルムを用意する工程と、
前記透明導電層を加熱して結晶化させる工程とを含む、透明導電性フィルムの製造方法。
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JPS61279003A (ja) * | 1985-06-05 | 1986-12-09 | コニカ株式会社 | 透明導電性フイルム |
JP2017042967A (ja) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-03-02 | 日東電工株式会社 | 透明樹脂フィルム、透明導電性フィルムおよびそれを用いたタッチパネル |
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WO2022202715A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-09-29 | 日東電工株式会社 | 電極 |
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