JP6952483B2 - 半導体装置、半導体装置の製造方法、および電力変換装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置、半導体装置の製造方法、および電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6952483B2 JP6952483B2 JP2017075726A JP2017075726A JP6952483B2 JP 6952483 B2 JP6952483 B2 JP 6952483B2 JP 2017075726 A JP2017075726 A JP 2017075726A JP 2017075726 A JP2017075726 A JP 2017075726A JP 6952483 B2 JP6952483 B2 JP 6952483B2
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Description
本発明の前提技術として、トレンチゲート型のIGBT、ダイオード、RC−IGBTの構成を説明する。まず、トレンチゲート型のIGBTについて説明する。図1は、トレンチゲート型のIGBT101の断面図である。IGBT101は、n−型ドリフト層1、p型ベース層2、n型バッファ層9、n+型エミッタ層4、ゲート絶縁膜6、ゲート電極7、p型コレクタ層10、p+型ベース層3、エミッタ電極15、バリアメタル12、タングステンプラグ14、およびコレクタ電極16を備えている。
本発明の実施の形態1では、RC−IGBTのダイオード領域にバリアメタルを形成しないことにより上記の問題を解決する。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る半導体装置であるRC−IGBT104の断面図である。RC−IGBT104は、IGBTとダイオードを同一の半導体基板に内蔵している。RC−IGBT104のトランジスタを内蔵する領域をトランジスタ領域104A、ダイオードを内蔵する領域をダイオード領域104Bとする。ここで、半導体基板には、例えばケイ素(Si)を含むものが用いられる。
次に、RC−IGBT104の第1の製造方法について説明する。図6はRC−IGBT104の第1の製造方法において、表面素子構造の形成から第1電極31の形成までの工程を示すフローチャートである。また、図7ないし図12は、第1の製造方法によるRC−IGBT104の製造途中の状態を示す断面図である。
実施の形態1に係るRC−IGBT104は、半導体基体35と、第1電極31を備える。半導体基体35は、一方主面35Aと他方主面35Bとを有し、一方主面35Aから他方主面35Bに亘りトランジスタを構成するトランジスタ領域104Aと、一方主面35Aから他方主面35Bに亘りダイオードを構成するダイオード領域104Bとを備える。第1電極31は、トランジスタ領域104Aとダイオード領域104Bの上に亘り、半導体基体35の一方主面35A上に形成される。半導体基体35は、トランジスタ領域104Aにおいて一方主面35A側にMOSゲート構造33を有する。RC−IGBT104は、層間絶縁膜11と、バリアメタル12とを備える。層間絶縁膜11は、MOSゲート構造33のゲート電極7を覆い、MOSゲート構造33の半導体層を露出するコンタクトホール13を有する。バリアメタル12は、コンタクトホール13の内部に形成される。第1電極31は、コンタクトホール13に入り込み、コンタクトホール13の内部でバリアメタル12を介してMOSゲート構造33の半導体層と接触し、半導体基体35のダイオード領域104Bにおける半導体層と直接接触する。
<C−1.第2の製造方法>
実施の形態2では、RC−IGBT104の第2の製造方法を説明する。図13は、RC−IGBT104の第2の製造方法を示すフローチャートである。図13に示すように、第2の製造方法のステップS1ないしS4とステップS6は図6に示した第1の製造方法と同様であり、図6のステップS5に代えてステップS5AとステップS5Bを行う点のみが異なる。すなわち、第2の製造方法は、バリアメタル12をIGBT領域104Aとダイオード領域104Bの全面に形成した後、ダイオード領域104Bからバリアメタル12を除去する方法が第1の製造方法とは異なる。
また、RC−IGBT104の第2の製造方法は、(a)半導体基体35の一方主面35A側にMOSゲート構造33とダイオード構造34を形成する工程と、(b)MOSゲート構造33とダイオード構造34の上に層間絶縁膜11を形成する工程と、(c)MOSゲート構造33の上の層間絶縁膜11に、MOSゲート構造33の半導体層を露出させるコンタクトホール13を開口する工程と、(d)コンタクトホール13内の半導体層上および層間絶縁膜11上にバリアメタル12を形成する工程と、(e)ダイオード構造34の上の層間絶縁膜11とバリアメタル12を除去する工程と、(f)ダイオード構造34の上に第1電極31を形成する工程と、を備え、工程(e)は、(e1)ダイオード構造34の上の、バリアメタル12と、層間絶縁膜11の一部の膜厚をドライエッチングで除去する工程と、(e2)工程(e1)で残ったダイオード構造34の上の層間絶縁膜11をウェットエッチングで除去する工程と、を備える。このように、ダイオード領域104Bのバリアメタル12を除去してp型アノード層21を露出させる際のエッチング処理に、ドライエッチングではなくウェットエッチングを用いることにより、エッチングによるp型アノード層21へのダメージを抑制することができる。
本実施の形態は、実施の形態1,2で説明したRC−IGBT104を電力変換装置に適用したものである。本発明は特定の電力変換装置に限定されるものではないが、以下、実施の形態3として、三相のインバータに本発明を適用した場合について説明する。
Claims (8)
- 一方主面および他方主面を有し、一方主面から他方主面にわたりトランジスタを構成するトランジスタ領域と、一方主面から他方主面にわたりダイオードを構成するダイオード領域と、を有する半導体基体と、
前記トランジスタ領域と前記ダイオード領域の上に亘り、前記半導体基体の一方主面上に形成される第1電極と、
を備える半導体装置であって、
前記半導体基体は、
前記トランジスタ領域において一方主面側にMOSゲート構造を有し、
前記ダイオード領域において、前記半導体基体の前記一方主面側に設けられたp型アノード層と、前記他方主面側で前記p型アノード層に接するn型の半導体層とを有し、
前記MOSゲート構造は、
p型ベース層と、
前記p型ベース層の一方主面側に設けられたp+型ベース層と、
前記p型ベース層の一方主面側に設けられたn+型エミッタ層とを備え、
前記半導体装置は、
前記MOSゲート構造のゲート電極を覆い、前記MOSゲート構造の前記p+型ベース層および前記n+型エミッタ層の上面を露出するコンタクトホールを有する層間絶縁膜と、
前記コンタクトホールの内部に形成され、タングステンプラグを介さずに前記第1電極に接触したバリアメタルとを備え、
前記第1電極は、前記コンタクトホールに入り込み、前記コンタクトホールの内部で前記バリアメタルを介して前記MOSゲート構造の前記p+型ベース層および前記n+型エミッタ層の上面と接触し、前記ダイオード領域では前記n型の半導体層と直接接触せずに前記p型アノード層と直接接触し、
前記第1電極と前記p型アノード層との間には、前記p型アノード層よりもp型不純物濃度が高いp型の半導体層を有さない、
半導体装置。 - 前記半導体基体は、前記トランジスタ領域において他方主面側に第2導電型のコレクタ層を備え、
前記トランジスタ領域はIGBTを構成する、
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記バリアメタルは、窒化チタン、炭化チタン、またはチタンシリサイドを含む、
請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1電極はアルミニウム合金である、
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記バリアメタルは、前記MOSゲート構造の半導体層との接触界面にシリサイドを有する、
請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - (a)半導体基体の一方主面側にMOSゲート構造とダイオード構造を形成する工程と、
(b)前記MOSゲート構造と前記ダイオード構造の上に層間絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
(c)前記MOSゲート構造の上の前記層間絶縁膜に、前記MOSゲート構造の半導体層を露出させるコンタクトホールを開口する工程と、
(d)前記コンタクトホール内の前記半導体層上および前記層間絶縁膜上にバリアメタルを形成する工程と、
(e)前記ダイオード構造の上の前記層間絶縁膜と前記バリアメタルを除去する工程と、
(f)前記コンタクトホール内、および前記ダイオード構造の上にタングステンプラグを介さずに前記バリアメタルに接触する第1電極を形成する工程と、を備え、
前記ダイオード構造は、前記半導体基体の前記一方主面側に設けられたp型アノード層と、前記一方主面に対向する他方主面側で前記p型アノード層に接するn型の半導体層とを有し、
前記工程(f)は、前記第1電極を、前記n型の半導体層と直接接触せず、前記p型アノード層との間に前記p型アノード層よりもp型不純物濃度の高いp型の半導体層を設けることなく、前記p型アノード層と直接接触するように形成する工程であり、
前記工程(e)は、前記ダイオード構造の上の前記層間絶縁膜と前記バリアメタルをドライエッチングで除去する工程である、
半導体装置の製造方法。 - (a)半導体基体の一方主面側にMOSゲート構造とダイオード構造を形成する工程と、
(b)前記MOSゲート構造と前記ダイオード構造の上に層間絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
(c)前記MOSゲート構造の上の前記層間絶縁膜に、前記MOSゲート構造の半導体層を露出させるコンタクトホールを開口する工程と、
(d)前記コンタクトホール内の前記半導体層上および前記層間絶縁膜上にバリアメタルを形成する工程と、
(e)前記ダイオード構造の上の前記層間絶縁膜と前記バリアメタルを除去する工程と、
(f)前記コンタクトホール内、および前記ダイオード構造の上にタングステンプラグを介さずに前記バリアメタルに接触する第1電極を形成する工程と、を備え、
前記ダイオード構造は、前記半導体基体の前記一方主面側に設けられたp型アノード層と、前記一方主面に対向する他方主面側で前記p型アノード層に接するn型の半導体層とを有し、
前記工程(f)は、前記第1電極を、前記n型の半導体層と直接接触せず、前記p型アノード層との間に前記p型アノード層よりもp型不純物濃度の高いp型の半導体層を設けることなく、前記p型アノード層と直接接触するように形成する工程であり、
前記工程(e)は、
(e1)前記ダイオード構造の上の、前記バリアメタルと、前記層間絶縁膜の一部の膜厚をドライエッチングで除去する工程と、
(e2)前記工程(e1)で残った前記ダイオード構造の上の前記層間絶縁膜をウェットエッチングで除去する工程と、を備える、
請求項6に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置を有し、入力される電力を変換して出力する主変換回路と、
前記半導体装置を駆動する駆動信号を前記半導体装置に出力する駆動回路と、
前記駆動回路を制御する制御信号を前記駆動回路に出力する制御回路と、を備える、
電力変換装置。
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