JP6732161B1 - 透明導電フィルム積層体及びその加工方法 - Google Patents
透明導電フィルム積層体及びその加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6732161B1 JP6732161B1 JP2020526457A JP2020526457A JP6732161B1 JP 6732161 B1 JP6732161 B1 JP 6732161B1 JP 2020526457 A JP2020526457 A JP 2020526457A JP 2020526457 A JP2020526457 A JP 2020526457A JP 6732161 B1 JP6732161 B1 JP 6732161B1
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
- B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
- B32B2307/7375—Linear, e.g. length, distance or width
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Abstract
Description
透明樹脂フィルム3は、非晶性シクロオレフィン系樹脂により形成されており、高透明性及び低吸水性の特性を有する。透明樹脂フィルム3として非晶性シクロオレフィン系樹脂フィルムを採用することにより、良好な光学特性を有する透明導電フィルムを備えた透明導電フィルム積層体が得られる。
透明樹脂フィルム3上に形成される透明導電層4を構成する導電材料としては、金属ナノワイヤを好適に使用することができる。金属ナノワイヤは、径がナノメーターオーダーのサイズである金属であり、ワイヤ状の形状を有する導電性材料である。なお、本実施形態では、金属ナノワイヤとともに(混合して)、または金属ナノワイヤに代えて、ポーラスあるいはノンポーラスのチューブ状の形状を有する導電性材料である金属ナノチューブを使用してもよい。本明細書において、「ワイヤ状」と「チューブ状」はいずれも線状であるが、前者は中央が中空ではないもの、後者は中央が中空であるものを意図する。性状は、柔軟であってもよく、剛直であってもよい。前者を「狭義の金属ナノワイヤ」、後者を「狭義の金属ナノチューブ」と呼び、以下、本願明細書において、「金属ナノワイヤ」は狭義の金属ナノワイヤと狭義の金属ナノチューブとを包括する意味で用いる。狭義の金属ナノワイヤ、狭義の金属ナノチューブは、単独で用いてもよく、混合して用いてもよい。
下記溶離液にバインダー樹脂を溶解させ、20時間静置した。この溶液におけるバインダー樹脂の濃度は0.05質量%である。
これを0.45μmメンブレンフィルターにて濾過し、濾液をGPC−MALSにて測定を実施し、絶対分子量基準の重量平均分子量を算出した。
GPC:昭和電工株式会社製Shodex(登録商標)SYSTEM21
カラム:東ソー株式会社製TSKgel(登録商標)G6000PW
カラム温度:40℃
溶離液:0.1mol/L NaH2PO4水溶液+0.1mol/L Na2HPO4水溶液
流速:0.64mL/min
試料注入量:100μL
MALS検出器:ワイアットテクノロジーコーポレーション、DAWN(登録商標) DSP
レーザー波長:633nm
多角度フィット法:Berry法
透明導電層4を保護するオーバーコート層5は、硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化膜であることが好ましい。硬化性樹脂組成物としては、(A)カルボキシ基を含有するポリウレタンと、(B)エポキシ化合物と、(C)硬化促進剤と、(D)溶媒と、を含むものが好ましい。硬化性樹脂組成物を上記透明導電層4上に印刷、塗布等により形成し、硬化させてオーバーコート層5を形成する。硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化は、熱硬化性樹脂組成物を加熱・乾燥させることにより行うことができる。
装置名:日本分光株式会社製HPLCユニット HSS−2000
カラム:ShodexカラムLF−804
移動相:テトラヒドロフラン
流速 :1.0mL/min
検出器:日本分光株式会社製 RI−2031Plus
温度 :40.0℃
試料量:サンプルル−プ 100μL
試料濃度:約0.1質量%に調製
100ml三角フラスコに試料約0.2gを精密天秤にて精秤し、これにエタノール/トルエン=1/2(質量比)の混合溶媒10mlを加えて溶解する。更に、この容器に指示薬としてフェノールフタレインエタノール溶液を1〜3滴添加し、試料が均一になるまで十分に攪拌する。これを、0.1N水酸化カリウム−エタノール溶液で滴定し、指示薬の微紅色が30秒間続いたときを、中和の終点とする。その結果から下記の計算式を用いて得た値を、樹脂の酸価とする。
酸価(mg−KOH/g)=〔B×f×5.611〕/S
B:0.1N水酸化カリウム−エタノール溶液の使用量(mL)
f:0.1N水酸化カリウム−エタノール溶液のファクター
S:試料の採取量(g)
(a1)ポリイソシアネート化合物としては、通常、1分子当たりのイソシアナト基が2個であるジイソシアネートが用いられる。ポリイソシアネート化合物としては、たとえば、脂肪族ポリイソシアネート、脂環族ポリイソシアネート等が挙げられ、これらの1種を単独でまたは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。(A)カルボキシ基を含有するポリウレタンがゲル化をしない範囲で、イソシアナト基を3個以上有するポリイソシアネートも少量使用することができる。
(a2)ポリオール化合物(ただし、(a2)ポリオール化合物には、後述する(a3)カルボキシ基を有するジヒドロキシ化合物は含まれない。)の数平均分子量は通常250〜50,000であり、好ましくは400〜10,000、より好ましくは500〜5,000である。この分子量は前述した条件でGPCにより測定したポリスチレン換算の値である。
(a3)カルボキシ基を含有するジヒドロキシ化合物としては、ヒドロキシ基、炭素数が1または2のヒドロキシアルキル基から選択されるいずれかを2つ有する分子量が200以下のカルボン酸またはアミノカルボン酸であることが架橋点を制御できる点で好ましい。具体的には2,2−ジメチロ−ルプロピオン酸、2,2−ジメチロ−ルブタン酸、N,N−ビスヒドロキシエチルグリシン、N,N−ビスヒドロキシエチルアラニン等が挙げられ、この中でも、溶媒への溶解度から、2,2−ジメチロ−ルプロピオン酸、2,2−ジメチロ−ルブタン酸が特に好ましい。これらの(a3)カルボキシ基を含有するジヒドロキシ化合物は、1種単独でまたは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
(a4)モノヒドロキシ化合物として、グリコール酸、ヒドロキシピバリン酸等カルボン酸を有する化合物が挙げられる。
(a5)モノイソシアネート化合物としては、ヘキシルイソシアネート、ドデシルイソシアネート等が挙げられる。
[(芳香環含有化合物使用量)/(オーバーコート層5の質量((A)カルボキシ基を含有するポリウレタン質量+(B)エポキシ化合物質量+(C)硬化促進剤における硬化残基)]×100(%)
キャリアフィルム10は、一方の主面に粘着剤層2を有する保護フィルム1である。このキャリアフィルム10は、上記粘着剤層2を介して剥離可能に積層された透明導電フィルム20または30とともに透明導電フィルム積層体を形成する。キャリアフィルム10を透明導電フィルム積層体から剥離する際は、粘着剤は保護フィルム1とともに剥離されてもよいし、保護フィルム1のみが剥離されてもよい。
保護フィルム1には、分子骨格に芳香環を有するポリエステル(以下、「芳香族ポリエステル」と記載)からなるフィルムが用いられる。本発明で用いられる芳香族ポリエステルは、結晶性を有するものであり、具体的にはポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)系樹脂が挙げられる。本発明で用いられるポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)系樹脂は、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)樹脂単独であってもよいし、結晶性を有する範囲で、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)以外の他の成分を含んでもよい。例えば、エチレンイソフタレートユニットがエチレンテレフタレートユニットと共重合された共重合体であってもよく、そのガラス転移温度は50〜90℃であることが好ましく、60〜80℃であることがより好ましい。また、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)にポリエチレンイソフタレート(PEI)等を均一混合したものであってもよい。ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)等の芳香族ポリエステルフィルムは通常ニ軸延伸されているため、非晶性の樹脂フィルムに比べて寸法安定性が良好である。保護フィルム1の厚みT2は、透明樹脂フィルム3の厚みT1の5倍以上、すなわち、T2/T1≧5であり、好ましくはT2/T1≧7であり、さらに好ましくはT2/T1≧8である。かつ、T2は150μm以下であり、140μm以下であることが好ましく、130μm以下であることがより好ましい。また、100μm以上であることが好ましく、110μm以上であることがより好ましく、120μm以上であることがさらに好ましい。この範囲であると、透明導電フィルム積層体が加熱された際に発生するカール、あるいは加熱後冷却された透明導電フィルム積層体のカールを、低レベルに抑制することができ、透明導電フィルム積層体の製造時および透明導電フィルム積層体を用いた後工程での製造上の不具合が発生することがない。また、長尺の透明導電フィルム積層体を製造後ロールへの巻取りをする際の不具合が発生することもない。
粘着剤層2としては、透明性を有するものであれば特に制限なく使用できる。具体的には、例えば、アクリル系ポリマー、シリコーン系ポリマー、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリビニルエーテル、酢酸ビニル/塩化ビニルコポリマー、変性ポリオレフィン、エポキシ系、フッ素系、天然ゴム、合成ゴム等のゴム系などのポリマーをベースポリマーとするものを適宜に選択して用いることができる。特に、光学的透明性に優れ、適度な濡れ性、凝集性および接着性等の粘着特性を示し、耐候性や耐熱性等にも優れるという観点からは、アクリル系粘着剤が好ましく用いられる。
透明導電フィルム積層体は、透明導電フィルム20または30と、透明導電フィルム20または30に積層されたキャリアフィルム10と、を含む透明導電フィルム積層体であって、キャリアフィルム10は、保護フィルム1と、その一方の主面に粘着剤層2を備えており、透明導電フィルム20では、透明樹脂フィルム3の一方の主面に、透明導電フィルム30では、透明樹脂フィルム3の両方の主面に、金属ナノワイヤ及びバインダー樹脂を含む透明導電層4と、オーバーコート層5と、がこの順序に積層されて構成されており、キャリアフィルム10は、透明導電フィルム20では、透明導電フィルム20の透明樹脂フィルム3に、また、透明導電フィルム30では、透明導電フィルム30の一方のオーバーコート層5に、粘着剤層2を介して剥離可能に積層されている。
第一の実施形態にかかる透明導電フィルム積層体の製造方法は、透明樹脂フィルム3の一方の主面に透明導電層4とオーバーコート層5とがこの順序で積層された透明導電フィルム20を準備する工程と、透明導電フィルム20の透明導電層4が積層されている側とは反対(他方)側の主面に粘着剤層2を介して保護フィルム1(キャリアフィルム10)を積層する工程と、を含む。
<透明樹脂フィルム3の一方の主面に透明導電層4を有する透明導電フィルム20の作製>
<銀ナノワイヤの作製>
ポリ−N−ビニルピロリドンK−90(株式会社日本触媒製)(0.98g)、AgNO3(1.04g)及びFeCl3(0.8mg)を、エチレングリコール(250ml)に溶解し、150℃で1時間加熱反応した。得られた銀ナノワイヤ粗分散液をメタノール2000mlに分散させ、卓上小型試験機(日本ガイシ株式会社製、セラミック膜フィルター セフィルト使用、膜面積0.24m2、孔径2.0μm、寸法Φ30mm×250mm、ろ過差圧0.01MPa)に流し入れ、循環流速12L/min、分散液温度25℃にてクロスフロー濾過を実施し不純物を除去した後、全体量が100gになるまで濃縮し、銀ナノワイヤ(平均直径:26nm、平均長さ:20μm)のメタノール分散液を得た。得られた銀ナノワイヤの平均径の算出には、電界放出形走査電子顕微鏡JSM−7000F(日本電子株式会社製)を用い、任意に選択した100本の銀ナノワイヤの直径を測定し、その算術平均値を求めた。また、得られた銀ナノワイヤの平均長の算出には、形状測定レーザマイクロスコープVK−X200(キーエンス株式会社製)を用い、任意に選択した100本の銀ナノワイヤの長さを測定し、その算術平均値を求めた。また、上記メタノール、エチレングリコール、AgNO3、FeCl3は富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製試薬を用いた。
上記ポリオール法で合成した銀ナノワイヤのメタノール分散液11g(銀ナノワイヤ濃度0.62質量%)、水3.5g、エタノール10.8g(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(PGME、富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)12.8g、プロピレングリコール1.2g(PG、旭硝子株式会社製)、PNVA(登録商標)水溶液(昭和電工株式会社製、固形分濃度10質量%、重量平均分子量90万)0.7gを混合し、ミックスローターVMR−5R(アズワン株式会社製)で1時間、室温、大気雰囲気下で撹拌(回転速度100rpm)して導電性インクとしての銀ナノワイヤインク40gを作製した。
プラズマ処理装置(積水化学工業株式会社製AP−T03)を用いてプラズマ処理(使用ガス:窒素、搬送速度:50mm/sec、処理時間:6sec、設定電圧:400V)した、透明樹脂フィルム3としてのA4サイズのシクロオレフィンポリマーフィルムZF14−013(ZEONOR(登録商標)、日本ゼオン株式会社製、ガラス転移温度136℃[カタログ値]、厚みT1が13μm)上に、TQC自動フィルムアプリケータースタンダード(コーテック株式会社製)とワイヤレスバーOSP−CN−22L(コーテック株式会社製、バー形状/P(溝のピッチ):500μm、H(溝の深さ):42m、材質:SUS304)とを用いて銀ナノワイヤインクを全面に塗布した(塗工速度500mm/sec)。その後、恒温器HISPEC HS350(楠本化成株式会社製)で80℃、1分間、大気雰囲気下で熱風乾燥し、透明導電層4としての厚み90nmの透明導電層(銀ナノワイヤ層)4を形成した。
攪拌装置、温度計、コンデンサーを備えた2L三口フラスコに、ポリオール化合物としてC−1015N(株式会社クラレ製、ポリカーボネートジオール、原料ジオールモル比:1,9−ノナンジオール:2−メチル−1,8−オクタンジオール=15:85、分子量964)42.32g、カルボキシ基を含有するジヒドロキシル化合物として2,2−ジメチロールブタン酸(湖州長盛化工製)27.32g、および溶媒としてジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート(株式会社ダイセル製)158gを仕込み、90℃で前記2,2−ジメチロールブタン酸を溶解させた。
上記得られた(A)カルボキシ基含有ポリウレタンの溶液(カルボキシ基含有ポリウレタン含有率:45質量%)10.0gをポリ容器に量り取り、(D)溶媒として1−ヘキサノール85.3gと酢酸エチル85.2gを加え、ミックスローターVMR−5R(アズワン株式会社製)で12時間、室温、大気雰囲気下で撹拌(回転速度100rpm)した。均一であることを目視で確認したのち、(B)エポキシ化合物としてペンタエリスリトールテトラグリシジルエーテル(昭和電工株式会社製)0.63g、(C)硬化促進剤として、U−CAT5003(サンアプロ株式会社製)0.31gを加え、再度ミックスローターを用いて1時間撹拌し、オーバーコートインクを得た。オーバーコートインクの固形分中の芳香環含有化合物である硬化促進剤の割合は5.7質量%である。
透明樹脂フィルム3上に形成した透明導電層(銀ナノワイヤ層)4の上に、TQC自動フィルムアプリケータースタンダード(コーテック株式会社製)により、以下のようにオーバーコートインクを塗布した(塗工速度500mm/sec)。ワイヤレスバーOSP−CN−05Mを用いてウェット膜厚が5μmになるように塗布した。その後、恒温器HISPEC HS350(楠本化成株式会社製)で80℃、1分間、大気雰囲気下で熱風乾燥及び熱硬化し、オーバーコート層5(90nm)を形成した。
通常の溶液重合により、ブチルアクリレート/アクリル酸=100/6(質量比)にて重量平均分子量60万のアクリル系ポリマーを得た。このアクリル系ポリマー100質量部に対し、エポキシ系架橋剤6質量部を加えてアクリル系粘着剤を準備した。離型処理されたPETフィルムの離型処理面上に上記アクリル系粘着剤を塗布し、120℃、60秒で加熱して、厚み20μmの粘着剤層2を形成した。次いで、厚みT2が125μmのPETフィルム(保護フィルム1)の片面に離型処理されたPETフィルムを粘着剤層2を介して貼りあわせた。その後、離型処理されたPETフィルムを剥がし、保護フィルム1の一方の面に粘着剤層2を有するキャリアフィルム10を作製した。なお、保護フィルム1として使用したPETフィルムをJIS K7121 プラスチックの転移温度測定方法に準拠して示差走査熱量測定装置DSC1(メトラー・トレド社製)を用いて示差走査熱量測定(DSC)した結果194℃に結晶化に伴うピークを有すること、ガラス転移温度(挿外ガラス転移開始温度)が72℃であることを確認した。
前記オーバーコート層5形成済みの透明導電フィルム20を構成する透明樹脂フィルム3の透明導電層(銀ナノワイヤ層)4が形成されていない側の面に、キャリアフィルム10を粘着剤層2を介して圧着、積層し、透明導電フィルム積層体を形成した。
透明導電フィルム20の作製に、透明樹脂フィルム3としてシクロオレフィンポリマーフィルムRX4500(ARTON(登録商標)、JSR株式会社製、ガラス転移温度132℃[カタログ値]、厚みT1が15μm)を用いた以外は実施例1と同条件で検討した。その結果を表1に示す。
透明導電フィルム20の作製に、透明樹脂フィルム3としてシクロオレフィンポリマーフィルムZF14−023(ZEONOR(登録商標)、日本ゼオン株式会社製、ガラス転移温度136℃[カタログ値]、厚みT1が23μm)を用いた以外は実施例1と同条件で検討した。その結果を表1に示す。
<透明樹脂フィルム3の両方の主面に透明導電層4を有する透明導電フィルム積層体の作製>
シクロオレフィンポリマーフィルムZF14−013の一方の主面(第一面)に、実施例1と同条件で透明導電層(銀ナノワイヤ層)4とオーバーコート層5を作製した。続いて、透明導電層4が形成されていないもう一方の主面(第二面)に、実施例1と同条件で透明導電層(銀ナノワイヤ層)4とオーバーコート層5を形成し、透明樹脂フィルム3の両方の主面に透明導電層(銀ナノワイヤ層)4を有する透明導電フィルム30を得た。この透明導電フィルム30の第一面のオーバーコート層5に、キャリアフィルム10を、粘着層2を介して圧着、積層し、透明導電フィルム積層体を形成した。その結果を表1に示す。
キャリアフィルム10の作製に、保護フィルム1として厚みT2が50μmのPETフィルムを用いた以外は実施例1と同条件で検討した。その結果を表1に示す。
キャリアフィルム10の作製に、保護フィルム1として厚みT2が50μmのPETフィルムを用いた以外は実施例2と同条件で検討した。その結果を表1に示す。
透明導電フィルム20の作製に、透明樹脂フィルム3としてシクロオレフィンポリマーフィルムZF14−050(ZEONOR(登録商標)、日本ゼオン株式会社製、ガラス転移温度136℃[カタログ値]、厚みT1が50μm)を用いた以外は実施例1と同条件で検討した。その結果を表1に示す。
透明導電フィルム20の作製に、透明樹脂フィルム3としてシクロオレフィンポリマーフィルムZF14−100(ZEONOR(登録商標)、日本ゼオン株式会社製、ガラス転移温度136℃[カタログ値]、厚みT1が100μm)を用いた以外は実施例1と同条件で検討した。その結果を表1に示す。
透明導電フィルム30の作製に、保護フィルム1として厚みT2が50μmのPETフィルムを用いた以外は実施例4と同条件で検討した。その結果を表1に示す。
(1)厚みの測定
厚みは1μm以上の厚みを有するものに関してはマイクロゲージ式厚み計にて測定を行った。また1μm未満の金属ナノワイヤを含む透明導電層4およびオーバーコート層5の厚みは光干渉法に基づく膜厚測定システムF20−UV(フィルメトリクス株式会社製)を用いて測定した。
実施例及び比較例で得られたA4サイズの透明導電フィルム積層体を長手方向の略中央で裁断して15cm(元のA4サイズの長手方向)×21cm(A4サイズの短手方向)のA5サイズの試験片を作製した。この試験片を、前面扉にガラス窓のついた乾燥機VO−420(Advantec製)に入れ、オーバーコート層5(実施例4と比較例5においては保護フィルム1を積層していないほうのオーバーコート層5を意味する)が上になる状態で100℃、30分加熱した。
Claims (8)
- キャリアフィルムと、前記キャリアフィルムに積層された透明導電フィルムと、を含む透明導電フィルム積層体であって、前記キャリアフィルムは、保護フィルムと、その一方の主面に粘着剤層を備えており、前記透明導電フィルムは、透明樹脂フィルムの一方又は両方の主面に金属ナノワイヤ及びバインダー樹脂を含む透明導電層と、オーバーコート層と、がこの順序に積層されて構成され、前記透明樹脂フィルムは、非晶性シクロオレフィン系樹脂からなり、前記透明樹脂フィルムの厚みT1は5〜25μmであり、前記透明導電フィルム積層体は、前記オーバーコート層が最外層となるように、前記透明導電フィルムが前記キャリアフィルムの粘着剤層に剥離可能に積層されており、前記保護フィルムは、分子骨格に芳香環を有するポリエステルからなり、前記保護フィルムの厚みT2が前記透明樹脂フィルムの厚みT1の5倍以上かつ150μm以下であることを特徴とする透明導電フィルム積層体。
- 前記金属ナノワイヤ及びバインダー樹脂を含む透明導電層と、オーバーコート層と、がこの順序で、前記透明樹脂フィルムの一方の主面に積層されている、請求項1に記載の透明導電フィルム積層体。
- 前記金属ナノワイヤ及びバインダー樹脂を含む透明導電層と、オーバーコート層と、がこの順序で、前記透明樹脂フィルムの両方の主面にそれぞれ積層されている、請求項1に記載の透明導電フィルム積層体。
- 前記保護フィルムが、ポリエチレンテレフタレート系樹脂からなる請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の透明導電フィルム積層体。
- 前記透明導電層に含まれる金属ナノワイヤが、銀ナノワイヤである請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の透明導電フィルム積層体。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の透明導電フィルム積層体を加熱加工する工程と、前記透明導電フィルム積層体の透明導電フィルムとキャリアフィルムとを剥離する工程と、を含む透明導電フィルム積層体の加工方法。
- 前記加熱加工する工程は、オーバーコート層の上に導電ペーストにより形成した導電ペーストパターンを乾燥及び/または熱硬化し導電パターンを形成する工程である、請求項6に記載の透明導電フィルム積層体の加工方法。
- 前記透明樹脂フィルムに粘着剤層を介して前記キャリアフィルムを剥離可能に積層する工程と、
前記透明樹脂フィルムの、前記キャリアフィルムが積層されている側とは反対側の主面上に前記透明導電層と前記オーバーコート層とを順次形成する工程と、
前記オーバーコート層に粘着剤層を介して前記キャリアフィルムを剥離可能に積層する工程と、
前記透明樹脂フィルムに積層されたキャリアフィルムを剥離する工程と、
前記透明樹脂フィルムの、前記透明導電層が積層された主面とは反対側の主面に前記透明導電層と前記オーバーコート層とを順次形成する工程と、
を備える、請求項3に記載の透明導電フィルム積層体の製造方法。
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US11538603B2 (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Showa Denko K.K. | Method for producing transparent conducting film |
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CN113954479A (zh) | 2022-01-21 |
JP2021000826A (ja) | 2021-01-07 |
JPWO2020255458A1 (ja) | 2021-09-13 |
US20220230774A1 (en) | 2022-07-21 |
CN112292265B (zh) | 2021-11-19 |
TW202108371A (zh) | 2021-03-01 |
KR20200145836A (ko) | 2020-12-30 |
TWI808289B (zh) | 2023-07-11 |
EP3988299A4 (en) | 2023-06-14 |
US11710581B2 (en) | 2023-07-25 |
CN112292265A (zh) | 2021-01-29 |
EP3988299A1 (en) | 2022-04-27 |
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KR102265033B1 (ko) | 2021-06-15 |
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