JP6519876B2 - 六方晶窒化ホウ素の製造方法、及び放熱シートの製造方法 - Google Patents
六方晶窒化ホウ素の製造方法、及び放熱シートの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6519876B2 JP6519876B2 JP2015556830A JP2015556830A JP6519876B2 JP 6519876 B2 JP6519876 B2 JP 6519876B2 JP 2015556830 A JP2015556830 A JP 2015556830A JP 2015556830 A JP2015556830 A JP 2015556830A JP 6519876 B2 JP6519876 B2 JP 6519876B2
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- boron nitride
- hexagonal boron
- alkaline earth
- earth metal
- manufacturing
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- SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CAYGQBVSOZLICD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexabromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br CAYGQBVSOZLICD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UJNZOIKQAUQOCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(diphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 UJNZOIKQAUQOCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYKXQOYUCMREIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride Chemical compound C1CCCC2C(=O)OC(=O)C21C VYKXQOYUCMREIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1CO1 AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid di-n-butyl ester Natural products CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003058 platinum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LSZKGNJKKQYFLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J tri(butanoyloxy)stannyl butanoate Chemical compound [Sn+4].CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O LSZKGNJKKQYFLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris-decyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCC QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
(1)ホウ酸、酸化ホウ素、ホウ砂などのホウ素と酸素とを含む化合物を、リン酸カルシウムなどの充填材に担持させたのち、アンモニア雰囲気下で焼成する方法。
(2)上記ホウ素化合物とジシアンジアミド、メラミン、尿素などの窒素を含む化合物との混合物を焼成する方法。
(3)上記ホウ素化合物と炭素などの還元性物質との混合物を窒素ガス雰囲気下で焼成する方法。
(4)炭化ホウ素と、無水ホウ酸及び加熱により無水ホウ酸となる化合物の少なくとも一種の粉末の混合物を、窒素、アンモニアなどの窒素を含んだ非酸化性雰囲気下で焼成する方法(特許文献1参照)。
(5)炭化ホウ素を窒素雰囲気で焼成した後の生成物に、三酸化二ホウ素及び/又はその前駆体を混合し、焼成して副生炭素を除去する方法(特許文献2参照)。
従来技術との大きな違いの一つとして、本実施形態の製造方法の出発物質である炭化ホウ素とアルカリ土類金属化合物のモル比が、炭化ホウ素/アルカリ土類金属化合物=0.5〜2.0であることが挙げられる。従来技術の炭化ホウ素を出発物質とする六方晶窒化ホウ素の製造方法(特許文献1及び2)では、アルカリ土類金属化合物を添加しない。
(1)炭化ホウ素粒子の表面にアルカリ土類金属のホウ酸塩が形成される。
(2)上記ホウ酸塩がフラックスのような働きをして炭化ホウ素粒子表面に六方晶窒化ホウ素が生成する。
(3)窒化反応が炭化ホウ素粒子内部まで進行して六方晶窒化ホウ素粒子となる。
すなわち、炭化ホウ素とアルカリ土類金属化合物とを所定のモル比で用いることが、高い結晶性を有する六方晶窒化ホウ素粒子が得られる要因の一つである。
本実施形態における炭化ホウ素及びアルカリ土類金属化合物の混合物の加熱は、アンモニア雰囲気下1300〜1500℃で行われる。従来技術の炭化ホウ素を出発原料とする六方晶窒化ホウ素の製造方法では、加熱温度が1800〜2200℃が必要(特許文献2)であった。このように、本実施形態では加熱温度が低く、比較的安価な加熱炉でも十分対応できるため、コスト的に優位である。
加熱工程で得られる加熱生成物は、六方晶窒化ホウ素の他に、副生成物としてアルカリ土類金属のホウ酸塩、及び/又は、アルカリ土類金属のホウ化物を含んでいてもよい。六方晶窒化ホウ素とは異なる化合物であるこれらの副生成物は、酸と反応して硝酸塩を生成する。これらの硝酸塩は水に可溶であるため、酸を含む洗浄液と、必要に応じて水を用いる洗浄処理によって、副生成物を除去することができる。副生物を除去することによって、加熱生成物よりも六方晶窒化ホウ素の純度が高い固形物を得ることができる。ここで得られる固形物は、六方晶窒化ホウ素のみを含んでいてもよく、六方晶窒化ホウ素に加えて微量の副生成物を含んでいてもよい。
本実施形態で用いられるアルカリ土類金属化合物としては、例えば、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、炭酸塩、水酸化物、及び、硝酸塩が挙げられる。これらのうと、好ましくは炭酸カルシウム、炭酸ストロンチウム、炭酸バリウムである。アルカリ土類金属化合物の粒径は、好ましくは100μm以下、より好ましくは30μm以下である。
本実施形態に用いる炭化ホウ素は、一般的なものでよく、例えば市販の炭化ホウ素粉末を用いることができる。炭化ホウ素粉末は、粒径が小さいほど炭化ホウ素粉末の粒子内部まで窒化しやすくなる。このため、例えばレーザー回折散乱法における平均粒径(D50)が、好ましくは300μm以下であり、より好ましくは100μm以下である。
本明細書におけるアルカリ土類金属化合物、炭化ホウ素、六方晶窒化ホウ素の平均粒径は、走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)による粒度分布測定におけるメディアン径である。測定に際しては、SEM(日本電子(株)社製、型式:JSM−6390)を用いる。アルカリ土類金属化合物は倍率10000倍、炭化ホウ素は倍率500〜1000倍、六方晶窒化ホウ素は倍率180〜700倍でSEM写真を撮影し、各粒子の粒子径を、定規を用いて肉眼で計測する。スケールは、写真中に表示されたスケールを基準とし、測定粒子数は100粒子とする。
本実施形態の製造方法で得られる六方晶窒化ホウ素が高い結晶性を有することは、粉末X線回折測定法における結晶性の指標である黒鉛化指数(GI=Graphitization Index)を用いて確認することができる。GIは、X線回折図の(100)、(101)及び(102)線の積分強度比すなわち面積比を次式によって算出して求める(J.Thomas,et.al,J.Am.Chem.Soc. 84,4619(1962))。GIの値が小さいほど、高結晶性である。
GI=〔面積{(100)+(101)}〕/〔面積(102)〕
GIの測定は、例えば「日本電子製X線回折装置、装置名:JDX−3500」を用いて測定することができる。測定の前処理として、作製した六方晶窒化ホウ素を解砕して粉末を得る。この粉末を用い、以下の条件にて粉末X線回折測定を行う。また、生成物の定性分析も同条件で行うことができる。なお、試料が六方晶窒化ホウ素以外の成分を含む場合には、酸洗、水洗、及び乾燥処理を行って当該成分を除去して測定を行う。
管球 : Cu回転対陰極(CuKα;λ=1.54056Å)
出力 : 40kV−20mA
検出器 : シンチレーションカウンター
フィルター : モノクロメータ
スリット条件 : ソーラースリット 5°(入射、受光)
DS−SS−RS = 1°−1°−0.15mm
Scan条件 : ステップスキャン法
ステップ幅;0.02° 計数時間;0.6秒
測定範囲 : 2θ=10〜80°
(1)炭化ホウ素とアルカリ土類金属化合物のモル比が、炭化ホウ素/アルカリ土類金属化合物=0.5〜2.0である、炭化ホウ素及びアルカリ土類金属化合物の混合物を、アンモニア雰囲気下1300〜1500℃で加熱することを特徴とする、六方晶窒化ホウ素の製造方法。
(2)アルカリ土類金属化合物が炭酸カルシウム、炭酸ストロンチウム、炭酸バリウムから選ばれた少なくとも1種以上である前記(1)に記載の六方晶窒化ホウ素の製造方法。
(3)六方晶窒化ホウ素の平均粒径が0.1〜300μm、黒鉛化指数(GI)が6以下である前記(1)又は(2)に記載の六方晶窒化ホウ素の製造方法。
炭化ホウ素粉末(電気化学工業製、グレード名:S22)と炭酸バリウム粉末(MTI社製、平均粒径50nm以下、純度99.9質量%以上)を所定量秤量して配合し、炭化ホウ素乳鉢を用いて15分間混合した。作製した混合物を窒化ホウ素板に乗せた後、管状電気炉内に配した。炉内を真空排気した後、アンモニアガスを流量4L/分で流通させながら、10℃/分の昇温速度で所定の温度(保持温度)まで加熱した。表1に、保持温度と、当該保持温度における保持時間を示す。
アルカリ土類金属化合物を使用しなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして加熱生成物及び最終生成物を作製した。
アルカリ土類金属化合物の種類、及び/又は炭化ホウ素粉末とアルカリ土類金属化合物の配合割合を表1に示すとおりに変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして六方晶窒化ホウ素を作製した。これらの結果についても表1にまとめて示す。
実施例1、実施例6、及び比較例2で得られた六方晶窒化ホウ素100質量部と液状シリコーンゴム(東レ・ダウコーニング・シリコーン社製、商品名「CF−3110」)50質量部と配合して混合物を得た。この混合物に、トルエンと加硫剤を適量加えてスラリーを調製した。スラリーを自動塗工装置(テスター産業株式会社製、商品名:PI−1210)を用いてグリーンシートに成形した。このグリーンシートを、170℃に加熱して加硫し、厚みが0.20mm(0.0002m)の絶縁放熱シートを製造した。
熱抵抗(℃/W)=温度差(℃)/電力(W)
熱伝導率(W/m・K)=〔電力(W)×シート厚さ(0.0002m)÷伝熱面積(0.0006m2)〕÷温度差(K)
Claims (4)
- 炭化ホウ素とアルカリ土類金属化合物とを含有し、前記アルカリ土類金属化合物に対する前記炭化ホウ素のモル比が0.5〜2.0である混合物を、アンモニア雰囲気下1300〜1500℃で加熱して、六方晶窒化ホウ素を含む生成物を得る加熱工程を有し、
前記アルカリ土類金属化合物が、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸ストロンチウム、及び炭酸バリウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する、六方晶窒化ホウ素の製造方法。 - 前記生成物と、酸を含む洗浄液とを混合して得られる懸濁液から、前記六方晶窒化ホウ素とは異なる化合物を含む溶液を除去して、前記六方晶窒化ホウ素を含む固形物を得る精製工程を有する、請求項1に記載の六方晶窒化ホウ素の製造方法。
- 前記六方晶窒化ホウ素の平均粒径が0.1〜300μm、黒鉛化指数(GI)が6以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の六方晶窒化ホウ素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法で六方晶窒化ホウ素を得る工程と、前記六方晶窒化ホウ素と樹脂組成物及びゴム組成物の少なくとも一方の組成物とを配合し、当該組成物を硬化させる工程と、を有する、前記六方晶窒化ホウ素と樹脂及びゴムの少なくとも一方とを含む放熱シートの製造方法。
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