JP6231991B2 - 官能化ポリマー - Google Patents
官能化ポリマー Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6231991B2 JP6231991B2 JP2014550373A JP2014550373A JP6231991B2 JP 6231991 B2 JP6231991 B2 JP 6231991B2 JP 2014550373 A JP2014550373 A JP 2014550373A JP 2014550373 A JP2014550373 A JP 2014550373A JP 6231991 B2 JP6231991 B2 JP 6231991B2
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- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- compounds
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- independently
- polymerization
- Prior art date
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- RZBPXBRVLREGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]c1cccc2c([Li])c3ccccc3cc12 Chemical compound [Li]c1cccc2c([Li])c3ccccc3cc12 RZBPXBRVLREGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000800 acrylic rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004705 aldimines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYBREYKSZAROCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-myrcene Natural products CC(=C)CCCC(=C)C=C VYBREYKSZAROCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIERETOOQGIECD-ARJAWSKDSA-N angelic acid Chemical compound C\C=C(\C)C(O)=O UIERETOOQGIECD-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006235 chlorinated polyethylene elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KZPXREABEBSAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene;nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KZPXREABEBSAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004807 desolvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NISJPVRDEBYPSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N di(prop-2-enoyloxy)boranyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OB(OC(=O)C=C)OC(=O)C=C NISJPVRDEBYPSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001983 dialkylethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylzinc Chemical compound CC[Zn]CC HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRCFXGAMWKDGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O LRCFXGAMWKDGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002036 drum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006575 electron-withdrawing group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005558 epichlorohydrin rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002681 hypalon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001502 inorganic halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004658 ketimines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UANQEZRLOVWKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;azanidacycloheptane Chemical compound [Li+].C1CCC[N-]CC1 UANQEZRLOVWKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVMMPHVQFFIBOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;dibutylazanide Chemical compound [Li+].CCCC[N-]CCCC NVMMPHVQFFIBOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHNJTQYTRPXLLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;diethylazanide Chemical compound [Li+].CC[N-]CC AHNJTQYTRPXLLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDGSUPBDGKOGQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;dimethylazanide Chemical compound [Li+].C[N-]C YDGSUPBDGKOGQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWYFNXMEEFAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;dipropylazanide Chemical compound [Li+].CCC[N-]CCC OWYFNXMEEFAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTTUTKBXMMXKBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C([Li])C([Li])C1=CC=CC=C1 WTTUTKBXMMXKBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKVWBMJEETWJTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;tributyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]([Li])(CCCC)CCCC CKVWBMJEETWJTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical compound C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- IUJLOAKJZQBENM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-2-methylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(SNC(C)(C)C)=NC2=C1 IUJLOAKJZQBENM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPOBXNYAWLLCGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(2+);1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound [Ni+2].CC=1C(C)=C(C)[C-](C)C=1C.CC=1C(C)=C(C)[C-](C)C=1C FPOBXNYAWLLCGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002901 organomagnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013031 physical testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012673 precipitation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960004029 silicic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UIERETOOQGIECD-ONEGZZNKSA-N tiglic acid Chemical compound C\C=C(/C)C(O)=O UIERETOOQGIECD-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAXOELSVPTZZQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tiglic acid Natural products CC(C)=C(C)C(O)=O UAXOELSVPTZZQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical group CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylborane Chemical compound CCB(CC)CC LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F212/06—Hydrocarbons
- C08F212/08—Styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/28—Reaction with compounds containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/26—Incorporating metal atoms into the molecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/30—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule
- C08C19/42—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with metals or metal-containing groups
- C08C19/44—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with metals or metal-containing groups of polymers containing metal atoms exclusively at one or both ends of the skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/04—Acids, Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
- C08F20/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F36/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/04—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F36/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/04—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F36/14—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
Description
本国際出願は、2011年12月31日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/582,277号の利益を主張するものである。
タイヤトレッドなどのゴム製品は、多くの場合、例えば粒状カーボンブラックおよびシリカなどの1種以上の補強材を含有するエラストマー組成物から作製される;例えば、The Vanderbilt Rubber Handbook,第13版(1990),p603−04を参照されたい。
一態様において、第2〜13族元素を含む末端官能基を有するポリマーをもたらす方法が提供される。1以上の末端活性ポリマーは、第2〜13族元素を含むα,β−エチレン性不飽和化合物と反応して、官能化ポリマーをもたらす。α,β−エチレン性不飽和化合物は、一般式:
「ポリマー」は、1つ以上のモノマーの重合生成物を意味し、ホモ−、コ−、ター−、テトラ−ポリマーなどの全体を含み;
「mer」または「mer単位」は、単一の反応体分子に由来するポリマーの一部を意味し(例えば、エチレンmerは、一般式−CH2CH2−を有する);
「コポリマー」は、2種の反応体、典型的にはモノマーに由来するmer単位を含むポリマーを意味し、ランダム、ブロック、セグメント化、グラフトなどのコポリマーの全体を含み;
「インターポリマー」は、少なくとも2つの反応体、典型的にはモノマーに由来するmer単位を含むポリマーを意味し、コポリマー、ターポリマー、テトラポリマーなどの全体を含み;
「置換された」は、該当する基の意図する目的を妨害しないヘテロ原子または官能基(例えば、ヒドロカルビル基)を含むものを意味し;
「直接結合」は、介在する原子または基を有さずに共有結合していることを意味し;
「ポリエン」は、最長部分またはその鎖に少なくとも2つの二重結合が存在する分子、典型的にはモノマーを意味し、具体的にはジエン、トリエンなどの全体を含み;
「ポリジエン」は、1以上のジエンからのmer単位を含むポリマーを意味し;
「(メタ)アクリラート」は、メタクリラートまたはアクリラートを意味し;
「phr」は、ゴム100重量部(pbw)あたりの重量部(pbw)を意味し;
「ラジカル」は、任意の原子が反応の結果として増加したか失われたかにかかわらず、別の分子との反応後に残留する分子の一部を意味し;
「非配位アニオン」は、例えば立体障害により触媒系の活性中心と配位結合を形成しない立体的に嵩高なアニオンを意味し;
「非配位アニオン前駆体」は、反応条件下で非配位アニオンを形成することが可能な化合物を意味し;
「環系」は、各環が不飽和を含むことを前提にした、単環または2つ以上の縮合環または単結合により連結した環を意味し;
「末端」は、ポリマー鎖の端部を意味し;
「末端活性の」は、リビング末端または他の非常に反応性のある(例えば、擬似リビング)末端を有するポリマーを意味し;
「末端部分」は、末端に位置する基または官能基を意味する。
前述から明白な通り、該ポリマーは、多様な方法で記載または特徴づけすることができる。一般にそれは、不飽和mer単位、典型的には1以上のタイプのポリエンに由来する単位と、第2〜13族元素を含む末端官能基と、を含む。第2〜13族元素は、有利にはα,β−エチレン性不飽和化合物のラジカルの一部として提供され得る。該ポリマーは、末端活性ポリマーを、例えば(メタ)アクリラートなどのα,β−エチレン性不飽和化合物と反応させることにより提供され得る。
アルキル化剤対ランタニド化合物(アルキル化剤/Ln):約1:1〜約200:1、好ましくは約2:1〜約100:1、より好ましくは約5:1〜約50:1;
ハロゲン含有化合物対ランタニド化合物(ハロゲン原子/Ln):約1:2〜約20:1、好ましくは約1:1〜約10:1、より好ましくは約2:1〜約6:1;
アルミノキサン対ランタニド化合物、特にアルミノキサン上のアルミニウム原子の当量対ランタニド化合物中のランタニド原子の当量(Al/Ln):約50:1〜約50,000:1、好ましくは約75:1〜約30,000:1、より好ましくは約100:1〜約1,000:1;および
非配位アニオンまたは前駆体対ランタニド化合物(An/Ln):約1:2〜約20:1、好ましくは約3:4〜約10:1、より好ましくは約1:1〜約6:1。
(1)インサイチュ:触媒成分を、モノマーおよび溶媒(または単にバルクモノマー)を含有する溶液に添加する。その添加は、段階的または同時に実施することができる。後者の場合、アルキル化剤が、好ましくは最初に添加された後、順にランタニド化合物、ニッケル含有化合物(使用される場合)、および(使用される場合)ハロゲン含有化合物または非配位アニオンもしくは非配位アニオン前駆体を添加する。
(2)予備混合:それらの成分を、共役ジエンモノマー(複数可)に導入する前に、重合系の外部で一般には約−20〜約80℃の温度で混合することができる。
(3)モノマー(複数可)の存在下での予備形成:触媒成分を、少量の共役ジエンモノマー(複数可)の存在下、約−20〜約80℃の温度で混合する。共役ジエンモノマーの量は、ランタニド化合物の1モルあたり約1〜約500モル、好ましくは約5〜約250モル、より好ましくは約10〜約100モルの範囲内であってもよい。得られた触媒組成物を共役ジエンモノマー(複数可)の残りに添加して、重合させる。
(4)2段階手順
(a)アルキル化剤を、共役ジエンモノマーの非存在下、または少量の共役ジエンモノマーの存在下、約−20〜約80℃の温度でランタニド化合物と混和する。
(b)前述の混合物および残り成分を、段階的または同時に共役ジエンモノマー(複数可)の残りに投入して、重合させる。
(使用される場合のNi含有化合物は、いずれの段階でも含ませることができる。)
触媒成分の1種以上の溶液が、前述の方法で重合系の外部で調製される場合、有機溶媒または担体が、好ましくは用いられる。有用な有機溶媒としては、先に言及されたものが挙げられる。
スターラを備えたN2パージ容器に、ヘキサン中の0.68Mトリイソブチルアルミニウム溶液約25mLを添加した。この容器を−78℃に保持しながら、THF中の1.24Mアクリル酸溶液約13.7mLを滴加した。添加が完了した後、容器の内容物を緩やかに室温にし、その後、更に約10分間撹拌した。プロトンNMR分光法の結果は、ジイソブチルアルミニウムアクリラートと一致した。この無色溶液(約0.44M)を、残りの実施例において実施例1に指定する。
スターラを備えたN2パージ反応器に、ヘキサン1.55kg、スチレン溶液(34.5重量%)0.37kg、およびブタジエン溶液(22.3重量%)2.29kgを添加した。反応器に1.68M n−ブチルリチウム溶液3.17mLを投入した後、1.6M 2,2−ビス(2’−テトラヒドロフリル)プロパン溶液1.2mLを投入した。反応器ジャケットを50℃に加熱して、内容物を約75分間撹拌した。
試料6 − 1:1、
試料7 − 3:1、および
試料8 − 5:1
(比率は、本質的にリビングポリマー鎖のモル数に対応する、アクリラート対リチウム開始剤のモル比を表す)。試料6〜8を含有する瓶を、室温で約30分間撹拌した後、水(ポリマーセメント400gあたりそれぞれ1、3および5g)を添加して、リビング鎖末端を停止させた。これらのポリマーセメントを、試料5と同様にイソプロパノール含有BHTで凝集させた。
実施例5〜8の重合手順を、ヘキサン4.38kg、スチレン溶液(34.0重量%)1.20kg、ブタジエン溶液(20.6重量%)7.93kg、1.60M n−ブチルリチウム溶液10.63mL、および1.6M 2,2−ビス(2’−テトラヒドロフリル)プロパン溶液3.5mLを用いて、本質的には同様に実施した。反応器ジャケットを50℃に加熱した後、内容物を約60分間撹拌した。
実施例5〜8の重合手順を、ヘキサン3.91kg、スチレン溶液(34.0重量%)0.97kg、ブタジエン溶液(21.4重量%)6.36kg、1.65M n−ブチルリチウム溶液8.59mL、および1.0M 2,2−ビス(2’−テトラヒドロフリル)プロパン溶液5.14mLを用いて、本質的には同様に実施した。反応器ジャケットを約71℃に加熱し、ピーク温度に達した後内容物を約30分間撹拌した。
実施例5〜8の重合手順を、ヘキサン4.53kg、スチレン溶液(35.0重量%)1.17kg、ブタジエン溶液(20.9重量%)7.81kg、1.65M n−ブチルリチウム溶液10.31mL、および1.6M 2,2−ビス(2’−テトラヒドロフリル)プロパン溶液3.51mLを用いて、本質的には同様に実施した。反応器ジャケットを50℃に加熱した後、内容物を約80分間撹拌した。
実施例5〜8、9〜12、13〜16および17〜19から得たポリマーを用い、N−フェニル−N’−(1,3−ジメチルブチル)−p−フェニレンジアミン(6PPD)が酸化防止剤として作用し、2,2’−ジチオビス(ベンゾチアゾール)(MBTS)、N−tert−ブチルベンゾチアゾール−2−スルフェナミド(TBBS)およびN,N’−ジフェニルグアニジン(DPG)が促進剤として作用する、表5a(唯一の粒状充填剤としてシリカ)および表5b(唯一の粒状充填剤としてカーボンブラック)に示された配合を利用して、充填された組成物(化合物)を作製した。ブラックオイルは、比較的少量の多環式芳香族化合物を含有するエクステンダーオイルである。
表6a:実施例20〜23 − シリカ化合物、実施例5〜8から得たポリマー
表6b:実施例24〜27 − シリカ化合物、実施例9〜12から得たポリマー
表6c:実施例28〜31 − シリカ化合物、実施例13〜16から得たポリマー
表6d:実施例32〜34 − シリカ化合物、実施例17〜19から得たポリマー
表7a:実施例35〜38 − カーボンブラック化合物、実施例9〜12から得たポリマー
表7b:実施例39〜42 − カーボンブラック化合物、実施例13〜16から得たポリマー
2種の予め形成された触媒組成物を、使用前に室温で15分間老化させた。その組成物は、乾燥させたN2フラッシュボトルにおいて、トルエン中のメチルアルミノキサン、1,3−ブタジエン溶液、シクロヘキサン中のバーサチック酸ネオジミウム、ヘキサン中の水素化ジイソブチルアルミニウムおよびヘキサン中の塩化ジエチルアルミニウムを混合することにより、調製した。それぞれに用いられる成分の量は、以下の通りであった:
実施例43〜45から得たポリマーを用い、表5bのカーボンブラック配合に以下の改良を加えて、充填された組成物(化合物)を作製した:合成ポリマー20phrを、同量のポリイソプレンに置き換えた。加硫物を、先に記載された手順を利用して、充填された組成物から調製したが、それらの充填組成物および加硫物の物理的試験の結果を、以下の表に概要している。
Claims (10)
- 末端官能基をポリマーに提供する方法であって、ポリエンmerを含む末端活性ポリマーを、一般式:
(式中、各Rは、独立して、水素原子またはC1〜C10アルキル基であり、Mは、第2〜13族元素であり、yおよびzは、zが0でなく、かつy+zがMの原子価と等しいことを前提にした整数であり、各Xは、独立して、R1、OR1、OC(O)R1、C(O)OR1またはNR1 2であり、ここで各R1は、独立して、C1〜C30アルキル基である)を有するα,β−エチレン性不飽和化合物と反応させ、それにより前記末端官能基を前記ポリマーに提供することを含む、方法。 - 前記末端活性ポリマーが、ポリジエンmerを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記末端活性ポリマーが、ランタニド系触媒の存在下で提供される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記末端活性ポリマーが、ビニル芳香族merを更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記末端活性ポリマーが、アニオン開始剤の存在下で提供される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- zが1であり、そしてMがBであり、かつyが2であるか、MがAlであり、かつyが2であるか、またはMがZnであり、かつyが1である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記α,β−エチレン性不飽和化合物が、一般式
(式中、R’’は、水素原子またはC1〜C3アルキル基であり、Mは、第2〜13族元素であり、yおよびzは、zが0でなく、かつy+zがMの原子価と等しいことを前提にした整数であり、各Xは、独立して、R1、OR1、OC(O)R1、C(O)OR1またはNR1 2であり、ここで各R1は、独立して、C1〜C30アルキル基である)を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記α,β−エチレン性不飽和化合物が、一般式
(式中、R’は、C1〜C10アルキル基であり、Mは、第2〜13族元素であり、yおよびzは、zが0でなく、かつy+zがMの原子価と等しいことを前提にした整数であり、各Xは、独立して、R1、OR1、OC(O)R1、C(O)OR1またはNR1 2であり、ここで各R1は、独立して、C1〜C30アルキル基である)を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記α,β−エチレン性不飽和化合物が、一般式
(式中、各R’は、独立して、C1〜C10アルキル基であり、Mは、第2〜13族元素であり、yおよびzは、zが0でなく、かつy+zがMの原子価と等しいことを前提にした整数であり、各Xは、独立して、R1、OR1、OC(O)R1、C(O)OR1またはNR1 2であり、ここで各R1は、独立して、C1〜C30アルキル基である)を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。 - zが1であり、そしてMがBであり、かつyが2であるか、MがAlであり、かつyが2であるか、またはMがZnであり、かつyが1である、請求項7〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
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BRPI0903440A2 (pt) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-06-01 | Bridgestone Corp | método para aperfeiçoar a resistência ao escoamento a frio de polìmeros |
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JP2010279803A (ja) * | 2010-09-24 | 2010-12-16 | Bridgestone Sports Co Ltd | マルチピースソリッドゴルフボール |
KR102006040B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-31 | 2019-07-31 | 가부시키가이샤 브리지스톤 | 관능화된 폴리머 |
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WO2013101648A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
EP2797960B1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
US10017593B2 (en) | 2018-07-10 |
KR102006040B1 (ko) | 2019-07-31 |
RU2014131730A (ru) | 2016-02-20 |
JP2015508440A (ja) | 2015-03-19 |
CN104105713B (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
US20170267798A1 (en) | 2017-09-21 |
RU2632876C2 (ru) | 2017-10-11 |
EP2797960A4 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
CN104105713A (zh) | 2014-10-15 |
US20150011710A1 (en) | 2015-01-08 |
US9556297B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
EP2797960A1 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
KR20140108540A (ko) | 2014-09-11 |
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