JP5931489B2 - DC motor winding method and DC motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a winding method for a DC motor, and a DC motor manufactured by using this method.

  As a DC motor, for example, there is one in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of a bottomed cylindrical yoke, and an armature is rotatably provided radially inward of the permanent magnet. The armature includes an armature core that is externally fixed to a rotating shaft, and a commutator in which a plurality of segments are disposed. The armature core is provided with a plurality of teeth extending radially outward, and a plurality of axially long slots are formed between the teeth. Windings are wound around the armature core through these slots. The winding is in conduction with the commutator segment. Each segment is in sliding contact with a brush for supplying power, and a current is supplied to the winding through this brush.

Here, for example, in Patent Document 1, four permanent magnets are provided, the number of magnetic poles is four, ten teeth are formed in the armature core, the number of slots is ten, and ten segments are provided in the commutator. A so-called 4-pole 10-slot 10-segment DC motor is disclosed. The winding wound around the DC motor is wound by a so-called distributed winding method so as to straddle two teeth. With this configuration, the DC motor is intended to be reduced in size and performance.
Further, in this 4-pole, 10-slot, 10-segment DC motor, segments having the same potential, that is, two segments facing each other around the rotation axis are short-circuited by a connecting line (equal pressure line). Thereby, the number of installed brushes can be reduced.

JP 2005-33843 A

  By the way, there is still a high demand for miniaturization and weight reduction of DC motors, and further miniaturization and weight reduction are desired. Here, when simply reducing the size of the motor, it is conceivable to increase the number of magnetic poles and the number of slots to increase the torque. However, if the number of slots is increased, the shape of the armature core becomes complicated, and it becomes difficult to manufacture the armature core, and the manufacturing cost increases.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and is a winding of a DC motor that can be reduced in size and weight while preventing an increase in the number of slots as compared with the prior art. A winding method and a DC motor are provided.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the invention described in claim 1 includes a yoke having a six-pole magnetic pole, a rotary shaft rotatably provided inside the yoke, a rotary shaft attached to the rotary shaft, and a radial direction. An armature core having 10 teeth extending radially toward the surface and 10 slots formed between the teeth, and the rotary shaft is provided adjacent to the armature core and surrounds 15 segments. Each tooth has a commutator arranged in a rotating direction, and each tooth is wound with a distributed winding method so as to straddle two adjacent teeth, respectively, U phase, V phase, W phase, X phase, Y phase Of a 6-pole 10-slot 15-segment DC motor in which each of the segments having the same potential is short-circuited by a short-circuit member. It is a wire winding method, and when each tooth is numbered sequentially from No. 1 to No. 10 in the circumferential direction, the winding is wound around the set of No. 1 and No. 2 teeth in the forward direction. A small-phase coil is formed, and the winding is wound in the reverse direction on a set of No. 6 and No. 7 teeth to form a -U-phase small coil. These U-phase small coil and -U-phase small coil Are connected in series to form a U-phase armature coil, and the windings are wound in the opposite direction around the second and third teeth to form a -Y phase small coil, and the seventh and Winding the winding in the forward direction around the set of No. 8 teeth to form a Y-phase small coil, and connecting these -Y-phase small coil and Y-phase small coil in series constitutes a Y-phase armature coil Then, the winding is wound around the set of No. 3 and No. 4 teeth in the forward direction to form a small X-phase coil. At the same time, the winding is wound in the reverse direction on the set of No. 8 and No. 9 teeth to form a -X phase small coil, and these X phase small coil and -X phase small coil are connected in series. The X-phase armature coil is formed, and the winding is wound in the reverse direction on the 4th and 5th teeth to form a -W-phase small coil, and the 9th and 10th teeth are assembled. The W winding is wound in the forward direction to form a W-phase small coil, and the -W-phase small coil and the W-phase small coil are connected in series to form a W-phase armature coil. The V winding is wound in the forward direction on the set of teeth No. 6 and No. 6 to form a V-phase small coil, and the winding is wound on the set of No. 10 and No. 1 teeth in the reverse direction to -V A small phase coil is formed, and these V phase small coil and -V phase small coil are connected in series to form a V phase arc. The armature coil is configured, and U-phase, V-phase, W-phase, X-phase, and Y-phase armature coils are electrically connected in this order between adjacent segments.

By adopting such a winding method, the number of magnetic poles can be changed from 4 to 6 with the number of slots being 10. For this reason, the amount of magnetic flux per pole can be reduced while maintaining the physique of the DC motor to be the same as that of the prior art. Therefore, the dimension of the portion where the magnetic path such as the armature core and the yoke is formed can be set smaller than the conventional one, and the size and weight can be reduced accordingly.
Further, as a variation of the arrangement angle of the brush, in addition to being able to be arranged with a mechanical angle of 60 degrees apart, it is also possible to arrange with a mechanical angle of 180 degrees with an interval similar to the case of two poles. it can. For this reason, the layout around the brush can be improved.

Further, the skew angle of the teeth can be set to be small as the number of magnetic poles is increased as compared with the conventional case. For this reason, the armature core can be manufactured more easily than before, and the winding work around the armature core can be performed more easily than before.
Since the direct current motor is composed of 6 poles and 10 slots, this order can be set to 30th order. On the other hand, in the conventional 4-pole 10-slot DC motor, the order is 20th. That is, the order can be increased as compared with the conventional case, and the cogging torque can be reduced. For this reason, it becomes possible to provide a low-noise, low-vibration DC motor.

  In the invention described in claim 2, when the segments are numbered in order from the 1st to the 15th in the circumferential direction, the windings are connected to the 1st, 6th, and 11th segments in this order. Thereafter, the winding is pulled out from the first segment to form the -U-phase small coil and the U-phase small coil in this order, and then the winding is divided into the seventh, twelfth, and second segments. The windings are connected in this order, and the winding is pulled out from the 7th segment to form the -V phase coil and the V phase coil in this order. The windings are connected to the 13th, 3rd, and 8th segments in this order, and the windings are further pulled out from the 13th segment to connect the -W phase coil and the W phase coil in this order. After this, the windings are No. 4, No. 9, and No. 14. The windings are connected to the segment in this order, and the winding is pulled out from the fourth segment to form the -X phase coil and the X phase coil in this order. Are connected to the 10th, 15th, and 5th segments in this order, and the -Y phase coil and the Y phase coil are connected in this order by pulling out the winding from the 10th segment. After that, the winding is connected to the first segment.

By adopting such a winding method, the DC motor can be reduced in size and weight. In addition, the layout around the brush can be improved. Furthermore, it is possible to perform winding work around the armature core more easily than before. And it becomes possible to provide a low-noise, low-vibration DC motor.
In addition to these, the winding operation of the winding to the armature core and the connecting operation of the winding to the segment can be performed in a series. In other words, the winding operation for winding the armature core and the connecting operation for connecting the winding to the segment can be performed continuously in the manner of a single stroke. For this reason, the total time of the winding time of the coil to an armature and the connection time of the connection line to a segment can be shortened, and manufacturing cost can be reduced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there are provided a yoke having six magnetic poles, a rotary shaft rotatably provided inside the yoke, and ten pieces attached radially to the rotary shaft and extending radially in the radial direction. An armature core having teeth and 10 slots formed between the teeth; and a commutator provided adjacent to the armature core on the rotating shaft and having 15 segments arranged in a circumferential direction. Each tooth is wound in a distributed winding manner so as to straddle two adjacent teeth to form a 5-phase armature coil of U phase, V phase, W phase, X phase, and Y phase. The U-phase armature coil is composed of a U-phase small coil and a -U-phase small coil, the V-phase armature coil is composed of a V-phase small coil and a -V-phase small coil, and the W-phase The armature coil is composed of a W-phase small coil and a -W-phase small coil, the X-phase armature coil is composed of an X-phase small coil and a -X-phase small coil, and the Y-phase armature coil is composed of a Y-phase. A winding method for a 6-pole, 10-slot, 15-segment DC motor comprising a small coil and a -Y phase small coil, each segment having the same potential being short-circuited by a short-circuit member. When each of the teeth is numbered sequentially from 1 to 10 in the circumferential direction, the winding is wound around the set of No. 1 and No. 2 teeth in the forward direction to form a U-phase small coil, Winding the winding in the opposite direction to the set of No. 2 and 3 teeth to form a -Y phase small coil, and winding the winding in the forward direction to the set of No. 3 and 4 teeth To form a small X-phase coil, and the 4th and 5th teeth The winding is wound in the opposite direction to form a -W-phase small coil, and the winding is wound in the forward direction on a set of Nos. 5 and 6 to form a V-phase small coil. , 6 and 7 teeth are wound in the opposite direction to form a -U-phase small coil, and the 7 and 8 teeth are wound in the forward direction. A Y-phase small coil is formed, and the windings are wound in the reverse direction on a set of Nos. 8 and 9 teeth to form a -X-phase small coil, and a set of Nos. 9 and 10 teeth is formed. The winding is wound in the forward direction to form a W-phase small coil, and the winding is wound in the reverse direction on a set of No. 10 and No. 1 teeth to form a -V-phase small coil, adjacent to each other. The armature coils of each phase are electrically connected so that the U-phase, V-phase, W-phase, X-phase, and Y-phase are in this order in the circumferential direction. It is connected.

By adopting such a winding method, the DC motor can be reduced in size and weight. In addition, the layout around the brush can be improved. Furthermore, it is possible to perform winding work around the armature core more easily than before. And it becomes possible to provide a low-noise, low-vibration DC motor.
In addition to these, the number of parallel circuits can be four. For this reason, compared with the case where the number of parallel circuits is two, the wire diameter of the winding can be reduced, and the winding work can be facilitated.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there are provided a yoke having six magnetic poles, a rotary shaft rotatably provided inside the yoke, and ten pieces attached radially to the rotary shaft and extending radially in the radial direction. An armature core having teeth and 10 slots formed between the teeth; and a commutator provided adjacent to the armature core on the rotating shaft and having 15 segments arranged in a circumferential direction. Each tooth is wound in a distributed winding manner so as to straddle two adjacent teeth to form a 5-phase armature coil of U phase, V phase, W phase, X phase, and Y phase. Among the segments, a method of winding a 6-pole 10-slot 15-segment DC motor in which segments having the same potential are short-circuited by a short-circuit member, No. 1 to No. 10 in the circumferential direction in order, and No. 1 to No. 15 in the circumferential direction in order to each segment, the No. 1, No. 6 and No. 11 segments After connecting the windings in this order, the winding is pulled out from the No. 11 segment and wound in the reverse direction on the No. 1 and No. 2 pairs of teeth, and then No. 7, After connecting the windings to the 12th and 2nd segments in this order, pull the windings from the 2nd segment and wind the windings in the reverse direction around the 5th and 6th teeth. Then, after connecting the windings to the 13th, 3rd, and 8th segments in this order, the windings are pulled out from the 8th segment to the 9th and 10th tooth pairs. Wind the windings in the opposite direction, then the 4th, 9th and 14th segments Doo, after connecting the winding in this order, and wound around the winding in the opposite direction from the 14th segment third pull the windings, and the set of fourth teeth, after this, 10 After connecting the windings to the No. 15, No. 15 and No. 5 segments in this order, pull out the windings from the No. 5 segment and reverse the windings to the No. 7 and No. 8 pairs of teeth. After that, the winding was connected to the first segment to complete the first winding process, and then the winding was connected to the first and eleventh segments in this order. Thereafter, the winding is pulled out from the 11th segment, and the winding is wound in the opposite direction on the set of No. 2 and No. 3 teeth, and then the No. 10 and No. 5 segments are arranged in this order. After connecting the winding, pull out the winding from the No. 5 segment No. 8, And the 9th teeth are wound in the reverse direction, and then the 4th and 14th segments are connected in this order to the 4th and 14th segments. Pull out and wind the winding in the reverse direction on the set of No. 4 and No. 5 teeth, and then connect the winding to the No. 13 and No. 8 segments in this order, then the No. 8 segment After pulling out the winding from the winding and winding the winding in the reverse direction to the set of No. 10 and No. 1 teeth, and then connecting the winding to the No. 7 and No. 2 segments in this order Then, the winding is pulled out from the second segment, and the winding is wound in the reverse direction around the set of No. 6 and No. 7 teeth, and then the winding is connected to the No. 1 segment to be the second The winding process is completed.

By adopting such a winding method, the DC motor can be reduced in size and weight. In addition, the layout around the brush can be improved. Furthermore, it is possible to perform winding work around the armature core more easily than before. And it becomes possible to provide a low-noise, low-vibration DC motor.
In addition to these, by continuously performing the first winding process and the second winding process, the winding work of the winding to the armature core and the connecting work of the winding to the segment are continuously performed in a single stroke. Can be done. For this reason, the total time of the winding time of the coil to an armature and the connection time of the connection line to a segment can be shortened, and manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the armature core in which the winding is wound using the winding method for a DC motor according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, and the commutator. A direct current motor is provided.

  By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to provide a small and lightweight DC motor while preventing an increase in the number of slots as compared with the conventional case.

  In the invention described in claim 6, the ten teeth extend outward in the radial direction, and a winding drum portion around which the winding is wound, and a circumferential direction from the tip of the winding drum portion. Five pairs of teeth are arranged in the circumferential direction by arranging a pair of teeth formed so as to be gradually separated from each other as the adjacent winding body portions are radially outward. No. 1 and No. 2 are given to one of the sets of No. 2, and No. 2 to No. 10 are given in order in the circumferential direction to the other four pairs of teeth, respectively. And

  By setting it as such a structure, it can suppress that the coil | winding wound between each teeth overlaps. For this reason, the height of the winding at the axial end of the armature core can be kept low, and the wire cost can be reduced, the copper loss of the winding can be reduced, and the axial length of the armature can be reduced. Further, the amount of direct contact of the windings with the armature core is increased by suppressing the overlapping of the windings, and the heat dissipation of the windings, that is, the heat extraction of the windings can be improved.

  According to the present invention, the number of magnetic poles can be changed from four to six while the number of slots is ten. For this reason, the amount of magnetic flux per pole can be reduced while maintaining the physique of the DC motor to be the same as that of the prior art. Therefore, the dimension of the portion where the magnetic path such as the armature core and the yoke is formed can be set smaller than the conventional one, and the size and weight can be reduced accordingly.

Further, as in the case where the number of magnetic poles is two, the brushes can be arranged with a mechanical angle of 180 degrees apart. For this reason, the layout around the brush can be improved.
Further, the skew angle of the teeth can be set to be small as the number of magnetic poles is increased as compared with the conventional case. For this reason, the armature core can be manufactured more easily than before, and the winding work around the armature core can be performed more easily than before.

  Since the direct current motor is composed of 6 poles and 10 slots, this order can be set to 30th order. On the other hand, in the conventional 4-pole 10-slot DC motor, the order is 20th. That is, the order can be increased as compared with the conventional case, and the cogging torque can be reduced. For this reason, it becomes possible to provide a low-noise, low-vibration DC motor.

It is a longitudinal section of a direct-current motor in an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a DC motor in a first embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded view of the armature in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature in 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature in 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the 1st winding process in 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the 2nd winding process in 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the 1st modification of the yoke in embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the 2nd modification of the yoke in embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature which shows the modification of the 2nd winding process in 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the deformed armature core in the embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the winding state of the coil | winding to the deformed armature core in embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) shows the state which the 1st winding process in 4th Embodiment was complete | finished, (b) These show the state which the 2nd winding process in 4th Embodiment was complete | finished. The case where the conventional segment and the brush are in contact with each other without straddling is shown, (a) is an explanatory view showing the energization state of the winding, and (b) is a simplified view of the segment and the brush. The case where the conventional segment and the brush are in contact with one brush in a short-circuit state is shown, (a) is an explanatory view showing the energization state of the winding, and (b) is a simplified diagram of the segment and the brush. The case where the conventional segment and the brush are in contact with one brush in a short-circuit state is shown, (a) is an explanatory view showing the energization state of the winding, and (b) is a simplified diagram of the segment and the brush. It is a graph which shows the change of the restricted current supplied to the conventional segment from the conventional brush. It is explanatory drawing which shows the dimensional relationship of the segment and brush in embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other dimensional relationship of the segment and brush in embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
(DC motor)
Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the DC motor 1, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the DC motor 1.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the DC motor 1 is a drive source for electrical components mounted on a vehicle, and has a configuration in which an armature 3 is rotatably disposed in a bottomed cylindrical yoke 2. It has become.

The cylindrical portion 2a of the yoke 2 has a substantially hexagonal cross section, and is composed of six flat walls 41 and a bent wall 42 connecting them.
A segment-type permanent magnet 4 is fixed to the inner surface of each flat wall 41 so that the magnetic poles are in order in the circumferential direction. That is, six permanent magnets 4 are provided, and the DC motor 1 is in a state where six poles are formed on the yoke 2. As the segment type permanent magnet 4, for example, a magnet formed by neodymium sintering (Nd sintering) is used.

  The armature 3 includes an armature core 6 that is externally fixed to the rotary shaft 5, an armature coil 7 that is wound around the armature core 6, and a commutator (commutator) 13 that is disposed on one end side of the armature core 6. Has been. The armature core 6 is obtained by laminating a plurality of ring-shaped metal plates 8 in the axial direction. Ten T-shaped teeth 9 in a plan view in the axial direction are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the metal plate 8 at regular intervals and radially along the circumferential direction.

By fitting a plurality of metal plates 8 to the rotating shaft 5, dovetail-shaped slots 11 are formed between adjacent teeth 9 on the outer periphery of the armature core 6. Ten slots 11 extend along the axial direction, and are formed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.
An enamel-wrapped winding 12 is wound between the slots 11, whereby a plurality of armature coils 7 are formed on the outer periphery of the armature core 6.

Here, each tooth 9 is formed such that the extending direction is twisted with respect to the axial direction, and has an optimum skew angle θ. The optimal skew angle θ is set as follows.
That is, in the DC motor 1, since the number of magnetic poles is set to 6 and the number of slots 11 is set to 10, the order is 30th. Therefore, the optimal skew angle θ is
θ = 360/30 = 12 degrees (1)
Set to

  The commutator 13 is externally fitted and fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 5. Fifteen segments 14 made of a conductive material are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 13. The segments 14 are made of plate-like metal pieces that are long in the axial direction, and are fixed in parallel at equal intervals along the circumferential direction in a state of being insulated from each other. A riser 15 is integrally formed at an end portion of each segment 14 on the armature core 6 side and is bent in a manner of being folded back to the outer diameter side. The riser 15 is wound around a winding start end 31 and a winding end end 32 (see FIG. 3) of a winding 12 that forms an armature coil 7 and a connection line (equal pressure equalization line) 25, which will be described later. Is fixed to the riser 15. Thereby, the segment 14, the armature coil 7 corresponding to this, and the connection line 25 are electrically connected.

The other end of the rotary shaft 5 is rotatably supported by a bearing 16 in a boss that is formed to protrude from the yoke 2. A cover 17 is provided at the open end of the yoke 2, and a holder stay 18 is attached to the inside of the cover 17. The holder stay 18 is provided with two brush holders 19 with a predetermined angular interval in the circumferential direction.
In the present embodiment, the two brush holders 19 are disposed at a mechanical angle of 60 degrees apart. However, in the DC motor 1, six permanent magnets 4 are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 2 so that the magnetic poles are in order, and the magnetic poles facing each other around the rotation shaft 5 are different. For this reason, it is also possible to arrange the two brush holders 19 with a mechanical angle of 180 degrees apart.

  Each brush holder 19 includes a brush 21 that can be moved in and out in a state where the brush 21 is urged through a spring S. The tip portions of the brushes 21 are urged by the spring S and are in sliding contact with the commutator 13, so that power from the outside is supplied to the commutator 13 through the brushes 21.

(Wound winding method)
FIG. 3 is a developed view of the segment 14 (riser 15) of the armature 3, the teeth 9, and the permanent magnet 4 disposed on the yoke 2 side. The gap between the adjacent teeth 9 corresponds to the slot 11. (The same applies to the following drawings). In the following drawings, each segment 14 and each tooth 9 will be numbered in order along the circumferential direction, and the wound winding 12 will be numbered and described.

Here, the segments 14 having the same potential, that is, the segments 14 that are present at every fourth interval, are short-circuited by the connection line 25.
An armature coil 7 formed on the outer periphery of the armature core 6 is formed by winding a winding 12 in a distributed winding manner so as to straddle two adjacent teeth 9, 9, and a U-phase armature coil It has a five-phase structure of 71U, a V-phase armature coil 71V, a W-phase armature coil 71W, an X-phase armature coil 71X, and a Y-phase armature coil 71Y. And the armature coil 7 of each phase is formed in two places so that it may respectively oppose centering on the rotating shaft 5. As shown in FIG. More specific description will be given below.

  As shown in FIG. 3, first, a U-phase armature coil 71U is formed. In this case, first, the winding start end 31 of the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the first segment 14, and the winding 12 is drawn into the slot 11 between the tenth and first teeth 9 and 9. A winding 12 is provided between the slot 11 between the 10th and 1st teeth 9 and 9 and the slot 11 between the 2nd and 3rd teeth 9 and 9 that are present by skipping one slot 11 from the slot 11. Is wound N times (N is a natural number) in the forward direction (clockwise direction in FIG. 2) to form a U-phase small coil 171U.

  The winding 12 forming the U-phase small coil 171U is pulled out from the slot 11 between the second and third teeth 9 and 9, and is pulled into the slot 11 between the seventh and eighth teeth 9 and 9. A winding 12 is provided between a slot 11 between the 7th and 8th teeth 9 and 9 and a slot 11 between the 5th and 6th teeth 9 and 9 that is present by skipping one slot 11 from the slot 11. Is wound N times in the reverse direction (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 3) to form a -U phase small coil 172U.

As a result, a U-phase armature coil 71U in which the U-phase small coil 171U and the -U-phase small coil 172U are connected in series is formed.
Then, the winding end end 32 of the U-phase armature coil 71U is pulled out from the slot 11 between the 5th and 6th teeth 9 and 9, and the 7th segment having the same potential as the 2nd segment 14 adjacent to the 1st segment 14 14 around the riser 15. Thereby, between the 1st segment 14 and the 2nd segment 14 which are adjacent segments 14, between the 6th segment 14 and the 7th segment 14, and between the 11th segment 14 and the 12th segment 14, The U-phase armature coil 71U is connected.

  Subsequently, a V-phase armature coil 71V is formed. In this case, first, the winding start end 31 of the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the seventh segment 14, and the winding 12 is drawn into the slot 11 between the fourth and fifth teeth 9 and 9. A winding 12 is provided between a slot 11 between the 4th and 5th teeth 9 and 9 and a slot 11 between the 6th and 7th teeth 9 and 9 that is present by skipping one slot 11 from the slot 11. Is wound N times in the forward direction to form a V-phase small coil 171V.

  The winding 12 forming the V-phase small coil 171V is pulled out from the slot 11 between the 6th and 7th teeth 9 and 9, and is pulled into the slot 11 between the 1st and 2nd teeth 9 and 9. A winding 12 is provided between a slot 11 between the first and second teeth 9 and 9 and a slot 11 between the ninth and tenth teeth 9 and 9 that is present by skipping one slot 11 from the slot 11. Is wound N times in the reverse direction to form a -V phase small coil 172V.

As a result, a V-phase armature coil 71V in which the V-phase small coil 171V and the -V-phase small coil 172V are connected in series is formed.
Then, the winding end end 32 of the V-phase armature coil 71V is pulled out from the slot 11 between the 9th and 10th teeth 9 and 9, and the 13th segment having the same potential as the 8th segment 14 adjacent to the 7th segment 14 14 around the riser 15. Thereby, between the 2nd segment 14 and the 3rd segment 14 which are adjacent segments 14, between the 7th segment 14 and the 8th segment 14, and between the 12th segment 14 and the 13th segment 14, The V-phase armature coil 71V is connected.

  Subsequently, a W-phase armature coil 71W is formed. In this case, first, the winding start end 31 of the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the 13th segment 14, and the winding 12 is drawn into the slot 11 between the 8th and 9th teeth 9 and 9. A winding 12 is provided between a slot 11 between the 8th and 9th teeth 9 and 9 and a slot 11 between the 10th and 1st teeth 9 and 9 that is present by skipping one slot 11 from the slot 11. Is wound N times in the forward direction to form a W-phase small coil 171W.

  The winding 12 forming the W-phase small coil 171W is drawn out from the slot 11 between the 10th and 1st teeth 9 and 9, and is drawn into the slot 11 between the 5th and 6th teeth 9 and 9. A winding 12 is provided between the slot 11 between the 5th and 6th teeth 9 and 9 and the slot 11 between the 3rd and 4th teeth 9 and 9 existing by skipping one slot 11 from the slot 11. Is wound N times in the reverse direction to form a -W phase small coil 172W.

As a result, a W-phase armature coil 71W in which the W-phase small coil 171W and the -W-phase small coil 172W are connected in series is formed.
Then, the winding end end 32 of the W-phase armature coil 71W is pulled out from the slot 11 between the 3rd and 4th teeth 9 and 9, and the 4th segment having the same potential as the 14th segment 14 adjacent to the 13th segment 14 14 around the riser 15. Thereby, between the 3rd segment 14 and the 4th segment 14 which are adjacent segments 14, between the 8th segment 14 and the 9th segment 14, and between the 13th segment 14 and the 14th segment 14, The W-phase armature coil 71W is connected.

  Subsequently, an X-phase armature coil 71X is formed. In this case, first, the winding start end 31 of the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the fourth segment 14, and the winding 12 is drawn into the slot 11 between the second and third teeth 9 and 9. A winding 12 is provided between a slot 11 between the second and third teeth 9 and 9 and a slot 11 between the fourth and fifth teeth 9 and 9 that is present by skipping one slot 11 from the slot 11. Are wound N times in the forward direction to form an X-phase small coil 171X.

  The winding 12 forming the X-phase small coil 171X is pulled out from the slot 11 between the 4th and 5th teeth 9 and 9, and is pulled into the slot 11 between the 9th and 10th teeth 9 and 9. A winding 12 is provided between a slot 11 between the 9th and 10th teeth 9 and 9 and a slot 11 between the 7th and 8th teeth 9 and 9 that is present by skipping one slot 11 from the slot 11. Is wound N times in the reverse direction to form a -X phase small coil 172X.

As a result, an X-phase armature coil 71X in which the X-phase small coil 171X and the -X-phase small coil 172X are connected in series is formed.
Then, the winding end end 32 of the X-phase armature coil 71X is pulled out from the slot 11 between the 7th and 8th teeth 9, 9, and the 10th segment having the same potential as the 5th segment 14 adjacent to the 4th segment 14. 14 around the riser 15. Thereby, between the 4th segment 14 and the 5th segment 14 which are adjacent segments 14, between the 9th segment 14 and the 10th segment 14, and between the 14th segment 14 and the 15th segment 14, The X-phase armature coil 71X is connected.

  Subsequently, a Y-phase armature coil 71Y is formed. In this case, first, the winding start end 31 of the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the 10th segment 14, and the winding 12 is drawn into the slot 11 between the 6th and 7th teeth 9 and 9. Then, a winding 12 is provided between the slot 11 between the 6th and 7th teeth 9 and 9 and the slot 11 between the 8th and 9th teeth 9 and 9 that is present by skipping one slot 11 from the slot 11. Is wound N times in the forward direction to form a Y-phase small coil 171Y.

  The winding wire 12 forming the Y-phase small coil 171 </ b> Y is pulled out from the slot 11 between the 8th and 9th teeth 9 and 9 and pulled into the slot 11 between the 3rd and 4th teeth 9 and 9. A winding 12 is provided between the slot 11 between the third and fourth teeth 9 and 9 and the slot 11 between the first and second teeth 9 and 9 that are present by skipping one slot 11 from the slot 11. Is wound N times in the reverse direction to form a -Y phase small coil 172Y.

Thus, a Y-phase armature coil 71Y in which the Y-phase small coil 171Y and the -Y-phase small coil 172Y are connected in series is formed.
Then, the winding end end 32 of the Y-phase armature coil 71Y is pulled out from the slot 11 between the first and second teeth 9 and 9, and the first segment having the same potential as the eleventh segment 14 adjacent to the tenth segment 14 14 around the riser 15. As a result, the adjacent segments 14 between the 5th segment 14 and the 6th segment 14, between the 10th segment 14 and the 11th segment 14, and between the 15th segment 14 and the 1st segment 14, The Y-phase armature coil 71Y is connected.

Under such a configuration, the armature coils 71U to 71Y of each phase are connected in the order of U phase, V phase, W phase, X phase, and Y phase between the adjacent segments 14 and 14. A closed circuit having two parallel circuits is formed.
When a current is sequentially supplied to the armature coils 71U to 72Y of the respective phases via the brush 21, a magnetic field is sequentially generated at a predetermined position of the armature core 6. Then, a repulsive force and an attractive force are generated between the permanent magnet 4 provided on the yoke 2 and the armature 3 rotates.

(effect)
Therefore, according to the first embodiment described above, the number of magnetic poles can be changed from the conventional 4 poles to 6 poles while the number of slots 11 is set to 10. For this reason, the amount of magnetic flux per pole can be reduced while maintaining the physique of the DC motor 1 in the same physique as before. Therefore, the dimensions of the portions where the magnetic paths such as the armature core 6 and the yoke 2 are formed can be set smaller than the conventional one, and the size and weight can be reduced accordingly.
Further, as a variation of the arrangement angle of the brush 21, it can be arranged with a mechanical angle of 60 degrees apart, and similarly to the case of two magnetic poles, it is arranged with a mechanical angle of 180 degrees apart. Can do. For this reason, the layout around the brush 21 can be improved.

Furthermore, since the number of magnetic poles is increased as compared with the conventional case, the optimum skew angle of the teeth 9 can be set small. That is, although not shown in particular, for example, in the case of a conventional 4-pole 10-slot motor, the order is 20th order, and the optimum skew angle θ ′ is
θ ′ = 360/20 = 18 degrees (2)
It is set to satisfy. On the other hand, since the DC motor 1 of this embodiment has 6 poles and 10 slots, the order is 30th, and the optimum skew angle θ of the teeth 9 is set to satisfy the formula (1).

In other words, the optimum skew angle can be set smaller than in the prior art, and accordingly, the armature core 6 can be manufactured more easily than in the prior art. In addition, since the optimum skew angle is smaller than the conventional one, the winding work of the winding 12 around the armature core 6 can be easily performed.
Furthermore, since the order is larger than the conventional one, the cogging torque can be reduced accordingly. For this reason, it becomes possible to provide a low-noise, low-vibration DC motor.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIG. 4 with reference to FIG.
FIG. 4 is a developed view of the segment 14 (riser 15) and teeth 9 of the armature 3 and the permanent magnet 4 disposed on the yoke 2 side in the second embodiment. The same aspects as those in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals (the same applies to the following embodiments).

  In the second embodiment, the DC motor 1 is a 6 pole 10 slot 15 segment motor having 6 permanent magnets 4, 10 slots 11, 15 segments 14, and the outer periphery of the armature core 6. The armature coil 7 to be formed is formed by winding a winding 12 in a distributed winding manner so as to straddle two adjacent teeth 9, 9, U phase, V phase, W phase, X phase, Y The phase armature coils 71U to 71Y have a five-phase structure, and each phase armature coil 71U to 71Y has a small phase 171U to 172Y formed so as to face each other around the rotation axis 5. The point which consists of, The segments 14 which become the same electric potential, ie, the two segments 14 which oppose the rotating shaft line of the rotating shaft 5, are short-circuited by the connection line 25 The basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. The numbers of the two teeth 9, 9 around which the small phase coils 171U to 172Y are wound are the same as those in the first embodiment (the same applies to the following embodiments).

  Here, the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the armature coil 7 of the first embodiment described above has small phase coils 171U to 171U constituting the armature coils 71U to 71Y of the respective phases. 172Y is formed in series with the same phase, whereas each phase small coil 171U to 172Y of the second embodiment has the riser 15 of the segment 14 to which the respective winding start end 31 and winding end end 32 correspond. It is in the point that is hung around.

(Wound winding method)
More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, first, the winding start end 31 of the winding 12 is wound around the first segment 14, and then a U-phase small coil 171U is formed between predetermined slots 11 and 11, The winding end 32 of the U-phase small coil 171 </ b> U is connected to the riser 15 of the second segment 14 adjacent to the first segment 14.
Thereafter, a -V phase small coil 172V is formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11 in a form in which the winding start end 31 of the -V phase small coil 172V is connected to the second segment 14, and this -V phase small coil is formed. The winding end 32 of 172 V is connected to the riser 15 of the 13th segment 14 having the same potential as the 3rd segment 14 adjacent to the 2nd segment 14.

Subsequently, a W-phase small coil 171W is formed between predetermined slots 11 and 11 in a form in which the winding start end 31 of the W-phase small coil 171W is connected to the 13th segment 14, and the winding of the W-phase small coil 171W is formed. The end 32 is hung and connected to the riser 15 of the 14th segment adjacent to the 13th segment 14.
Subsequently, the -X phase small coil 172X is formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11 in a form in which the winding start end 31 of the -X phase small coil 172X is connected to the 14th segment 14, and this -X phase small coil is formed. The winding end 32 of 172X is connected to the riser 15 of the 10th segment 14 having the same potential as the 15th segment 14 adjacent to the 14th segment 14.

Subsequently, the Y-phase small coil 171Y is formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11 in a form in which the winding start end 31 of the Y-phase small coil 171Y is connected to the tenth segment 14, and the winding of the Y-phase small coil 171Y is formed. The end 32 is hung and connected to the riser 15 of the 11th segment adjacent to the 10th segment 14.
Subsequently, the -U phase small coil 172U is formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11 in a form in which the winding start end 31 of the -U phase small coil 172U is connected to the 11th segment 14, and this -U phase small coil is formed. The winding end end 32 of 172 U is connected to the riser 15 of the seventh segment 14 having the same potential as the twelfth segment 14 adjacent to the eleventh segment 14.

Subsequently, a V-phase small coil 171V is formed between predetermined slots 11 and 11 in a form in which the winding start end 31 of the V-phase small coil 171V is connected to the seventh segment 14, and the winding of the V-phase small coil 171V is formed. The end 32 is hung and connected to the riser 15 of the eighth segment adjacent to the seventh segment 14.
Subsequently, the −W-phase small coil 172W is formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11 in a form in which the winding start end 31 of the −W-phase small coil 172W is connected to the eighth segment 14, and this −W-phase small coil is formed. The winding end 32 of 172 W is wound around and connected to the riser 15 of the fourth segment 14 having the same potential as the ninth segment 14 adjacent to the eighth segment 14.

Subsequently, an X-phase small coil 171X is formed between predetermined slots 11 and 11 in a form in which the winding start end 31 of the X-phase small coil 171X is connected to the fourth segment 14, and the X-phase small coil 171V is wound. The end 32 is hung and connected to the riser 15 of the fifth segment adjacent to the fourth segment 14.
Subsequently, the -Y phase small coil 172Y is formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11 in a form in which the winding start end 31 of the -Y phase small coil 172Y is connected to the fifth segment 14, and this -Y phase small coil is formed. The winding end 32 of 172Y is connected to the riser 15 of the first segment 14 that has the same potential as the sixth segment 14 adjacent to the fifth segment 14.

  Thereby, between the adjacent segments 14 and 14, the armature coils 71U to 71Y of each phase are connected in the order of the U phase, the V phase, the W phase, the X phase, and the Y phase, and the number of parallel circuits is increased. A closed circuit having four circuits is formed.

(effect)
Therefore, according to the second embodiment described above, the number of parallel circuits can be increased to four in addition to the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above, so the number of parallel circuits as in the first embodiment described above. As compared with the case of two circuits, the wire diameter of the winding 12 can be reduced. For this reason, the winding work of the winding 12 can be facilitated.

(Third embodiment)
(Wound winding method)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 5 is an unfolded view of the segment 14 (riser 15) and teeth 9 of the armature 3 and the permanent magnet 4 disposed on the yoke 2 side in the third embodiment.
As shown in the figure, the difference between the winding method of the winding 12 of the first embodiment described above and the winding method of the winding 12 of the third embodiment is that each phase is different in the first embodiment. Whereas the armature coils 71U to 71Y and the connection line 25 are formed by separate windings 12, respectively, in the third embodiment, the armature coils 71U to 71Y of each phase and the connection line 25 are so-called one-stroke writing. It is in a point that is formed in series.

More specifically, first, the winding start end 31 of the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the first segment 14, and then the winding 12 is arranged in the order of the riser 15 of the sixth segment 14 and the riser 15 of the eleventh segment 14. Hang around. Thereby, the connection line 25 which connects the segments 14 having the same potential is formed.
Further, after winding the winding 12 around the riser 15 of the first segment 14 again, the -U phase small coil 171U is formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11, and then the U phase small coil 171U is formed.

Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the seventh segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound in the order of the riser 15 of the twelfth segment 14 and the riser 15 of the second segment 14. Thereby, the connection line 25 which connects the segments 14 having the same potential is formed.
Further, after winding the winding 12 around the riser 15 of the seventh segment 14 again, the −V phase small coil 171V is formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11, and then the V phase small coil 171V is formed.

Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the 13th segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound in the order of the riser 15 of the third segment 14 and the riser 15 of the eighth segment 14. Thereby, the connection line 25 which connects the segments 14 having the same potential is formed.
Further, after winding the winding 12 around the riser 15 of the 13th segment 14 again, the -W phase small coil 171W is formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11, and then the W phase small coil 171W is formed.

Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the fourth segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound in the order of the riser 15 of the ninth segment 14 and the riser 15 of the 14th segment 14. Thereby, the connection line 25 which connects the segments 14 having the same potential is formed.
Furthermore, after winding the winding 12 around the riser 15 of the fourth segment 14 again, the -X phase small coil 171X is formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11, and then the X phase small coil 171X is formed.

Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the 10th segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound in the order of the riser 15 of the 15th segment 14 and the riser 15 of the 5th segment 14. Thereby, the connection line 25 which connects the segments 14 having the same potential is formed.
Further, after winding the winding 12 around the riser 15 of the tenth segment 14 again, the -Y phase small coil 171Y is formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11, and then the Y phase small coil 171Y is formed. Finally, the winding end 32 of the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the first segment 14.
By performing the winding operation in this manner, the armature coils 71U to 71Y of each phase are connected in the order of the U phase, the V phase, the W phase, the X phase, and the Y phase between the adjacent segments 14 and 14. Thus, a closed circuit with two parallel circuits is formed.

(effect)
Therefore, according to the above-described third embodiment, the same effects as those of the above-described first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, the winding operation of the winding 12 to the armature core 6 and the connecting operation of the winding 12 to each segment 14 can be continuously performed in the manner of one-stroke writing. For this reason, the total time of the winding time of the coil | winding 12 and the connection time of the connection line 25 to the segment 14 can be shortened, and manufacturing cost can be reduced.

(Fourth embodiment)
(Wound winding method)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 6 is an expanded view of the segment 14 (riser 15) and teeth 9 of the armature 3 and the permanent magnet 4 disposed on the yoke 2 side in the fourth embodiment.
As shown in the figure, the difference between the fourth embodiment and the second embodiment described above is that, in the second embodiment described above, the windings 12 drawn from the slots 11 are respectively connected to the drawn slots 11. In the fourth embodiment, the windings 12 drawn out from the slots 11 are respectively connected to the predetermined segments 14 located at positions away from the drawn-out slots 11. It is connected to the segment 14.

  Here, in 4th Embodiment, the winding process of the coil | winding 12 which forms the armature coils 71U-71Y of each phase is the U-phase small coil 171U, the V-phase small coil 171V, the W-phase small coil 171W, and the X-phase small. The first winding step of forming the coil 171X and the Y-phase small coil 171Y, the -U-phase small coil 172U, the -V-phase small coil 172V, the -W-phase small coil 172W, the -X-phase small coil 172X, and -Y This is constituted by two processes including a second winding process for forming the small phase coil 172Y.

This will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 7 is a development view of the armature 3 and shows the first winding process. FIG. 8 is a development view of the armature 3 and shows the second winding step.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the first winding process, first, the winding start end 31 of the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the first segment 14, and then the risers 15 and 11 of the sixth segment 14. The windings 12 are wound around the 14 risers 15. Thereby, the connection line 25 which connects the segments 14 having the same potential is formed. Then, the winding 12 is pulled out from the 11th segment 14 to form a U-phase small coil 171U between the predetermined slots 11 and 11.

  Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the seventh segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound in the order of the riser 15 of the twelfth segment 14 and the riser 15 of the second segment 14. Thereby, the connection line 25 which connects the segments 14 having the same potential is formed. Then, the winding 12 is pulled out from the second segment 14 to form a V-phase small coil 171 </ b> V between the predetermined slots 11 and 11.

  Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the 13th segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound in the order of the riser 15 of the third segment 14 and the riser 15 of the eighth segment 14. Thereby, the connection line 25 which connects the segments 14 having the same potential is formed. Then, the eighth segment 14 or the winding 12 is pulled out to form a W-phase small coil 171W between the predetermined slots 11 and 11.

  Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the fourth segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound in the order of the riser 15 of the ninth segment 14 and the riser 15 of the 14th segment 14. Thereby, the connection line 25 which connects the segments 14 having the same potential is formed. Then, the winding wire 12 is pulled out from the 14th segment 14 to form an X-phase small coil 171 </ b> X between the predetermined slots 11 and 11.

  Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the 10th segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound in the order of the riser 15 of the 15th segment 14 and the riser 15 of the 5th segment 14. Thereby, the connection line 25 which connects the segments 14 having the same potential is formed. Then, the winding 12 is pulled out from the fifth segment 14 to form a Y-phase small coil 171 </ b> Y between the predetermined slots 11 and 11. After this Y-phase small coil 171Y is formed, the winding end 32 of the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the first segment 14 and connected. Thereby, the first winding process is completed.

Next, the second winding process is performed.
As shown in FIG. 8, in the second winding step, first, the winding start end 31 of the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the first segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the eleventh segment 14. Multiply Then, the winding wire 12 is pulled out from the 11th segment 14 to form a −Y phase small coil 172 </ b> Y between the predetermined slots 11 and 11.

Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the tenth segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the fifth segment 14. Then, the winding 12 is pulled out from the fifth segment 14 to form a -X phase small coil 172X between the predetermined slots 11 and 11.
Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the 4th segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the 14th segment 14. Then, the winding 12 is pulled out from the 14th segment 14 to form a −W phase small coil 172W between the predetermined slots 11 and 11.

Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the 13th segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the 8th segment 14. Then, the winding 12 is pulled out from the eighth segment 14 to form a −V phase small coil 172V between the predetermined slots 11 and 11.
Subsequently, the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the seventh segment 14, and then the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the second segment 14. Then, the winding 12 is pulled out from the second segment 14 to form a -U phase small coil 172U between the predetermined slots 11 and 11. After forming the -U phase small coil 172U, the winding end 32 of the winding 12 is wound around the riser 15 of the first segment 14 and connected. Thereby, the second winding process is completed.

  By performing the winding operation in this manner, the armature coils 71U to 71Y of each phase are connected in the order of the U phase, the V phase, the W phase, the X phase, and the Y phase between the adjacent segments 14 and 14. Thus, a closed circuit having four parallel circuits is formed.

(effect)
Therefore, the fourth embodiment described above can achieve the same effects as those of the second embodiment described above. In addition to this, by performing the first winding step (see FIG. 7) and the second winding step (see FIG. 8) continuously, the winding work of the winding 12 around the armature core 6 and each segment The connection work of the winding 12 to 14 can be performed continuously in the manner of one-stroke writing. For this reason, even in the case of the structure of the winding 12 that forms four parallel circuits, the total time of the winding time of the winding 12 and the connection time of the connection line 25 to the segment 14 is shortened, and the manufacturing cost Can be reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes various modifications made to the above-described embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the two brush holders 19 are provided on the holder stay 18 and the two brushes 21 and 21 are in sliding contact with the segment 14 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of brushes 21 can be increased to six, which is the same number as the number of poles.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the cylindrical portion 2a of the yoke 2 has a substantially hexagonal cross section, and the segment-type permanent magnets 4 are arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner surface of each flat wall 41. The case where it is fixed as described above has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is sufficient that six poles are formed on the yoke 2. More specific description will be given below.

(First modification of yoke)
FIG. 9 shows a first modification of the yoke and corresponds to FIG.
As shown in the figure, the cylindrical portion 52a of the yoke 52 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. A ring-shaped permanent magnet 54 that can be fitted into the inner peripheral surface is fixed to the cylindrical portion 52a.
As the permanent magnet 54, for example, a bond (plastic) magnet using a resin as a binder is used. The permanent magnet 54 has six magnetic poles formed in the circumferential direction.
Even in such a configuration, the same effect as when the yoke is formed in a substantially hexagonal cross section and the segment type permanent magnet 4 is used can be obtained.

(Second modification of yoke)
FIG. 10 shows a second modification of the yoke and corresponds to FIG.
As shown in the figure, the cylindrical portion 62a of the yoke 62 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. Six permanent magnets 64 formed in a tile shape are fixed to the cylindrical portion 52a at equal intervals in the circumferential direction so that the magnetic poles are in order. As the permanent magnet 64, for example, a sintered ferrite magnet is used. Even when configured in this way, the same effects as those of the first modified example described above can be obtained.

(Modification of the second winding process)
Further, in the above-described fourth embodiment, as the second winding step, the method shown in FIG. 8 is used to place the -U phase small coil 172U, the -V phase small coil 172V,- The case where the W-phase small coil 172W, the -X-phase small coil 172X, and the -Y-phase small coil 172Y are formed has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a −U-phase small coil 172U, a −V-phase small coil 172V, and a −W-phase small coil 172W are provided between predetermined slots 11 and 11 by a method as shown in FIG. , -X phase small coil 172X and -Y phase small coil 172Y may be formed.

FIG. 11 is a development view of the armature 3 and shows a modification of the second winding process.
Here, the difference between the second winding step in the fourth embodiment (see FIG. 8) and the modified example of the second winding step (see FIG. 11) is the connection for connecting the segments 14 having the same potential. The wiring method of the line 25 is different.
That is, in the second winding step shown in FIG. 8, the -U phase small coil 172U, -V phase small coil 172V, -W phase small coil 172W, -X phase small coil formed between the predetermined slots 11 and 11 are formed. 172X and -Y phase small coil 172Y are formed in order from the small coil of the phase present on the left side of the paper, whereas the wiring 12 is arranged in the wiring direction from the right side of the paper when forming the connection line 25. The direction is to the left.

  More specifically, in the second winding step shown in FIG. 8, the -Y phase small coil 172Y existing on the left side of the paper is formed, and then the -X phase small coil 172X, -W phase small coil 172W, The −V phase small coil 172V and the −U phase small coil 172U are formed in this order. That is, in FIG. 8, the winding direction of the winding 12 to the armature core 6 is from the left side to the right side of the drawing, whereas the wiring direction of the winding 12 when forming the connection line 25 is The direction is from the right side to the left side of the page.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11, in the modified example of the second winding process, the winding direction of the winding 12 when forming the connection line 25 is the winding of the winding 12 around the armature core 6. Similar to the direction, the direction is from the left side to the right side of the page.
Thus, by setting the winding direction of the winding 12 around the armature core 6 and the wiring direction of the winding 12 when forming the connection line 25 to be the same direction, the riser 15 of each segment 14 The winding 12 is wound around by α winding. For this reason, the connection state of the coil | winding 12 with respect to the segment 14 can be made favorable.

(Modification of armature core)
Further, the armature core 6 shown in the above-described embodiment has the same shape of each tooth 9, but may be a so-called deformed core as shown in FIG. 12 below.
FIG. 12 is a plan view of a deformed armature core 91 that is a modification of the armature core 6.
As shown in the figure, the teeth 92 of the deformed armature core 91 are formed by arranging five sets of teeth 94 (see a two-dot chain line portion in FIG. 12) including a pair of deformed teeth 93a and 93b in the circumferential direction. The pair of deformed teeth 93a, 93b extend outward in the radial direction, and winding body portions 95a, 95b around which the winding 12 is wound, and outer circumferences extending in the circumferential direction from the tips of the winding body portions 95a, 95b. It is comprised by the part 96a, 96b.

The outer peripheral portions 96a and 96b of the odd-shaped teeth 93a and 93b are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, the winding drum portions 95a and 95b of the deformed teeth 93a and 93b are formed so as to be gradually separated from each other toward the radially outer side.
Thereby, a divergent slot 97a is formed between the pair of deformed teeth 93a and 93b so that the opening gradually becomes wider toward the outside in the radial direction. On the other hand, a straight slot 97b is formed between adjacent teeth sets 94, 94 having openings having substantially the same width over the entire radial direction. Here, the deformed teeth 93a and 93b forming the straight slot 97b are in a state in which the winding drum portions 95a and 95b extend substantially in parallel.

  Here, when winding the winding 12 around the deformed armature core 91, the teeth 92 are numbered, and at this time, one of the five sets of teeth 94 is numbered 1 and 2. The other four sets of teeth 94 are numbered 2 to 10 in the circumferential direction. Therefore, between No. 1 and No. 2 variant teeth 93a and 93b, between No. 3 and No. 4 variant teeth 93a and 93b, between No. 5 and No. 6 variant teeth 93a and 93b, and between No. 7 and No. 8 variant teeth 93a and 93b , And between the 9th and 10th variant teeth 93a and 93b, a diverging slot 97a is formed. On the other hand, between No. 2 and No. 3 variant teeth 93b and 93a, between No. 4 and No. 5 variant teeth 93b and 93a, between No. 6 and No. 7 variant teeth 93b and 93a, between No. 8 and No. 9 variant teeth 93b and 93a, A straight slot 97b is formed between the 10th and 1st deformed teeth 93b and 93a.

Next, a case where the winding method of the winding 12 in the above-described fourth embodiment is adopted for the deformed armature core 91 formed as described above will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing a winding state of the winding 12 around the deformed armature core 91, wherein (a) shows a state after the first winding step in the fourth embodiment is completed, and (b). These show the state which the 2nd winding process in 4th Embodiment was complete | finished.

  As shown in FIG. 13A, the U-phase small coil 171U, the V-phase small coil 171V, the W-phase small coil 171W, the X-phase small coil 171X, and the Y-phase small coil 171Y in the first winding process are It is formed by winding the winding wire 12 between the slots 97b and 97b, that is, straddling the pair of odd-shaped teeth 93a and 93b. Since the winding drum portions 95a and 95b of the pair of deformed teeth 93a and 93b are formed so as to be gradually separated from each other toward the outer side in the radial direction, the winding 12 is likely to move toward the roots of the deformed teeth 93a and 93b. . In other words, the winding 12 can be wound around the base of each of the deformed teeth 93a and 93b. For this reason, the winding space of the coil | winding 12 in a 2nd winding process can be fully ensured in the radial direction outer side of each phase small coil 171U-171Y.

  In this state, as shown in FIG. 13 (b), the -U phase small coil 172U, -V phase small coil 172V, -W phase small coil 172W, -X phase small coil 172X, And the -Y phase small coil 172Y is wound between the divergent slots 97a and 97a, respectively. Here, the deformed teeth 93a and 93b existing between the diverging slots 97a and 97a, that is, the deformed teeth 93a and 93b forming the straight slot 97b are in a state in which the winding drum portions 95a and 95b extend substantially in parallel. ing. For this reason, when forming the small phase coils 172U to 172Y, the small phase coils 172U to 172Y do not move radially inward.

  Therefore, by adopting the deformed armature core 91, in the above-described fourth embodiment, the small phase coils 171U to 171Y in the first winding process and the small phase coils 172U to 172Y in the second winding process are provided. It can suppress that it overlaps. For this reason, the height of the winding 12 at the axial end of the deformed armature core 91 can be kept low, the wire cost is reduced, the copper loss of the winding 12 is reduced, and the shaft length of the deformed armature core 91 is reduced. It becomes possible to make it. Further, since the overlapping of the windings 12 is suppressed, the amount of the windings 12 that directly contact the deformed armature core 91 increases, and the heat dissipation of the windings 12, that is, the heat pulling of the windings 12 can be improved. .

(Dimensional relationship between segment and brush)
Next, the dimensional relationship between the segment 14 and the brush 21 will be described with reference to FIGS.
Here, conventionally, the contact state between the segment 14 and the brush 21 changes into three states. That is, two brushes 21 are in contact with the segment 14 one by one (hereinafter referred to as “no straddling state”), and one brush 21 of the two brushes 21 is in contact with the two segments 14. Segment 14 in three states (hereinafter referred to as two-brush short-circuit state) in which two brushes 21 are in contact with each other so as to straddle two segments 14 (hereinafter referred to as two-brush short-circuit state). And the contact state of the brush 21 change. Hereinafter, each state will be described more specifically.

FIG. 14 shows a case where the conventional segment 114 and the brush 121 are in contact with each other without straddling, where (a) is an explanatory diagram showing the energization state of the winding 12, and (b) is an illustration of the segment 114 and the brush 121. It is a simplified diagram.
As shown in FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b), when there is no straddle state, the adjacent segments 114, 114 are not all short-circuited, so that current is supplied to all the windings 12.

FIG. 15 shows a case where the conventional segment 114 and the brush 121 are in contact with each other in a one-brush short-circuit state, where (a) is an explanatory diagram showing the energization state of the winding 12, and (b) is the segment 114 and the brush 121. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B, when one brush is short-circuited, adjacent segments 114 and 114 are short-circuited by one brush 121 out of two brushes 121. There are places. For this reason, no current is supplied to the winding 12 connected to the shorted segments 114 and 114.

FIG. 16 shows a case where the conventional segment 114 and the brush 121 are in contact with each other in a one-brush short-circuit state, where (a) is an explanatory diagram showing the energization state of the winding 12, and (b) is the segment 114 and the brush 121. FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B, in the two-brush short-circuit state, there are two places where the adjacent segments 114 and 114 are short-circuited by the two brushes 121. For this reason, no current is supplied to the winding 12 connected to each of the shorted segments 114 and 114.

FIG. 17 shows changes in the constraining current supplied from the conventional brush 121 to the conventional segment 114 when the vertical axis is the constraining current [A] and the horizontal axis is the time [s].
As shown in the figure, when the contact state between the segment 114 and the brush 121 changes to three states, the amount of the winding 12 to which current is supplied changes greatly, so that the brush 121 is supplied to the segment 114. The difference between the constraining currents increases. For this reason, the dispersion | variation in a motor characteristic will become large.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the dimensions of the segment 14 and the brush 21 are set so as to satisfy the following relationship.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a dimensional relationship between the segment 14 and the brush 21.
As shown in the figure, when the circumferential width of the segment 14 is W1, the slit width between the adjacent segments 14 and 14 is W2, and the circumferential width of the brush 21 is W3, the widths W1 and W2 , W3 is
W1 / 2 + W2−W3 / 2 ≧ W3 / 2−W2 / 2 (1)
It is set to satisfy. W1 / 2 + W2-W3 / 2 is the dimension of X in FIG. 18, and W3 / 2-W2 / 2 is the dimension of Y in FIG.

  When the widths W1, W2, and W3 satisfy Expression (1), the segment 14 and the brush 21 are prevented from contacting each other in a two-brush short-circuit state. For this reason, the difference between the restraining currents supplied from the brush 121 to the segment 114 is reduced by the amount that the two-brush short-circuit state can be prevented, and variations in motor characteristics can be suppressed.

  In addition, in order to prevent the 2 brush short circuit state, although the case where the circumferential width W1, the slit width W2, and the circumferential width W3 of the brush 21 were defined was described, as shown in FIG. In addition, the dimensions of the segment 14 and the brush 21 may be defined.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a dimensional relationship between the segment 14 and the brush 21.
That is, as shown in the figure, the angle in the circumferential direction of the segment 14 is θ1, the angle of the slit between the adjacent segments 14 and 14 is θ2, and the maximum angle of the portion in contact with the segment 14 of the brush 21 is When θ3, the angles θ1, θ2 and the maximum angle θ3 are
θ1 / 2 + θ2-θ3 / 2 ≧ θ3 / 2-θ2 / 2 (2)
You may set so that it may satisfy | fill.
Even if it sets in this way, it can prevent that the segment 14 and the brush 21 contact in a 2 brush short-circuit state, and it becomes possible to suppress the dispersion | variation in a motor characteristic.

1 DC motor 2, 52, 62 Yoke 3 Armature 4 Permanent magnet (magnetic pole)
5 Rotating shaft 6 Armature core 7 Armature coil 9, 92 Teeth 12 Winding 13 Commutator 14 Segment 21 Brush 25 Connection line 71U U-phase armature coil 71V V-phase armature coil 71W W-phase armature coil 71X X-phase armature coil 71Y Y-phase armature coil 91 Deformed armature core (armature core)
93a, 94a Variant teeth (teeth)
94 Teeth group (Teeth group)
95a, 95b Winding drum portions 96a, 96b Outer peripheral portion 171U U-phase small coil 171V V-phase small coil 171W W-phase small coil 171X X-phase small coil 171Y Y-phase small coil 172U -U-phase small coil 172V -V-phase small coil 172W- W phase small coil 172X -X phase small coil 172Y -Y phase small coil

Claims (6)

A yoke having six magnetic poles;
A rotating shaft rotatably provided inside the yoke;
An armature core having 10 teeth attached to the rotating shaft and extending radially in the radial direction; and 10 slots formed between the teeth;
A commutator provided on the rotating shaft adjacent to the armature core and having 15 segments arranged in a circumferential direction;
Each tooth is wound in a distributed winding manner so as to straddle two adjacent teeth, and an armature coil having a U-phase, V-phase, W-phase, X-phase, and Y-phase is formed.
Among each segment, a 6-pole 10-slot 15-segment DC motor winding method in which segments having the same potential are short-circuited by a short-circuit member,
When numbers from 1 to 10 are assigned to each tooth in the circumferential direction,
Winding the winding in the forward direction around the 1st and 2nd set of teeth to form a U-phase small coil, and winding the winding on the 6th and 7th set of teeth in the reverse direction -U-phase small coils are formed, and these U-phase small coils and -U-phase small coils are connected in series to form a U-phase armature coil,
Winding the winding in the reverse direction to the set of No. 2 and 3 teeth to form a -Y phase small coil, and winding the winding in the forward direction to the set of No. 7 and 8 teeth Y-phase small coils are formed, and these -Y-phase small coils and Y-phase small coils are connected in series to form a Y-phase armature coil,
Wind the winding in the forward direction around the set of No. 3 and No. 4 teeth to form a small X-phase coil, and wind the winding around the set of No. 8 and No. 9 teeth in the reverse direction. -X phase small coils are formed, and these X phase small coils and -X phase small coils are connected in series to form an X phase armature coil,
Winding the windings around the 4th and 5th teeth in the reverse direction to form a -W phase small coil, and winding the windings around the 9th and 10th teeth in the forward direction W-phase small coils are formed, and these -W-phase small coils and W-phase small coils are connected in series to form a W-phase armature coil,
Winding the winding in the forward direction around the set of Nos. 5 and 6 to form a small V-phase coil, and winding the winding around the set of Nos. 10 and 1 in the reverse direction -V phase small coils are formed, and these V phase small coils and -V phase small coils are connected in series to form a V phase armature coil,
A winding method for a DC motor, wherein armature coils of U phase, V phase, W phase, X phase, and Y phase are electrically connected in this order between adjacent segments. When numbers from 1 to 15 are assigned to each segment in the circumferential direction,
After the windings are connected to the first, sixth, and eleventh segments in this order, the winding is pulled out from the first segment, and the -U phase small coil and the U phase small coil are connected in this order. Formed with
Thereafter, the windings are connected to the 7th, 12th, and 2nd segments in this order, and the windings are further pulled out from the 7th segment, and the -V phase small coil, and The V-phase small coil is formed in this order,
Thereafter, the windings are connected to the 13th, 3rd, and 8th segments in this order, and the winding is further pulled out from the 13th segment, and the -W phase small coil, and Forming the W-phase small coil in this order;
Thereafter, the winding is connected to the 4th, 9th, and 14th segments in this order, and the winding is further pulled out from the 4th segment, and the -X phase small coil, and The X-phase small coils are formed in this order,
Thereafter, the winding is connected to the 10th, 15th, and 5th segments in this order, and the winding is further pulled out from the 10th segment, and the -Y phase small coil, and The Y-phase small coil is formed in this order,
2. The winding method for a DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the winding is connected to the first segment. A yoke having six magnetic poles;
A rotating shaft rotatably provided inside the yoke;
An armature core having 10 teeth attached to the rotating shaft and extending radially in the radial direction; and 10 slots formed between the teeth;
A commutator provided on the rotating shaft adjacent to the armature core and having 15 segments arranged in a circumferential direction;
Each tooth is wound in a distributed winding manner so as to straddle two adjacent teeth, and an armature coil having a U-phase, V-phase, W-phase, X-phase, and Y-phase is formed. U-phase armature coil is composed of U-phase small coil and -U-phase small coil, V-phase armature coil is composed of V-phase small coil and -V-phase small coil, and W-phase armature coil is composed of , W-phase small coil, and -W-phase small coil, X-phase armature coil, X-phase small coil and -X-phase small coil, Y-phase armature coil, Y-phase small coil, And -Y phase small coil,
Among each segment, a 6-pole 10-slot 15-segment DC motor winding method in which segments having the same potential are short-circuited by a short-circuit member,
When numbers from 1 to 10 are assigned to each tooth in the circumferential direction,
Winding the winding in the forward direction around the set of No. 1 and No. 2 teeth to form a U-phase small coil,
Winding the winding in the opposite direction to the set of No. 2 and No. 3 teeth to form a -Y phase small coil,
Winding the winding in the forward direction around a set of No. 3 and No. 4 teeth to form a small X-phase coil,
Winding the winding in the opposite direction to the set of No. 4 and No. 5 teeth to form a -W phase small coil,
Winding the winding in the forward direction around a set of No. 5 and No. 6 teeth to form a V-phase small coil,
Winding the winding in the opposite direction around the set of Nos. 6 and 7 teeth to form a -U phase small coil,
Winding the winding in the forward direction around a set of No. 7 and No. 8 teeth to form a Y-phase small coil,
Winding the winding in the opposite direction around the set of No. 8 and No. 9 teeth to form a -X phase small coil,
Winding the winding in the forward direction around a set of No. 9 and No. 10 teeth to form a W-phase small coil,
Winding the winding in the opposite direction to the set of No. 10 and No. 1 teeth to form a -V phase small coil,
The armature coils of each phase are electrically connected between adjacent segments so as to be in U phase, V phase, W phase, X phase, Y phase and in this order in the circumferential direction. A winding method for a DC motor. A yoke having six magnetic poles;
A rotating shaft rotatably provided inside the yoke;
An armature core having 10 teeth attached to the rotating shaft and extending radially in the radial direction; and 10 slots formed between the teeth;
A commutator provided on the rotating shaft adjacent to the armature core and having 15 segments arranged in a circumferential direction;
Each tooth is wound in a distributed winding manner so as to straddle two adjacent teeth, and an armature coil having a U-phase, V-phase, W-phase, X-phase, and Y-phase is formed.
Among each segment, a 6-pole 10-slot 15-segment DC motor winding method in which segments having the same potential are short-circuited by a short-circuit member,
When each tooth is sequentially numbered from 1 to 10 in the circumferential direction, and each segment is numbered from 1 to 15 in the circumferential direction,
After connecting the windings to the 1st, 6th and 11th segments in this order, pull the windings from the 11th segment and reverse the windings to the 1st and 2nd sets of teeth. Wrapped around
Thereafter, the windings are connected to the 7th, 12th, and 2nd segments in this order, and then the windings are pulled out from the 2nd segment to form the 5th and 6th teeth. Is wound in the opposite direction,
Thereafter, the windings are connected to the 13th, 3rd, and 8th segments in this order, and then the windings are pulled out from the 8th segment to form the 9th and 10th teeth. Is wound in the opposite direction,
After that, after connecting the windings to the 4th, 9th, and 14th segments in this order, the winding is pulled out from the 14th segment and the windings are combined into the 3rd and 4th teeth. Is wound in the opposite direction,
Thereafter, the windings are connected to the 10th, 15th, and 5th segments in this order, and then the winding is pulled out from the 5th segment to form the 7th and 8th teeth. Is wound in the reverse direction, and thereafter, the winding is connected to the first segment to complete the first winding process,
Then, after connecting the windings to the No. 1 and No. 11 segments in this order, the windings are pulled out from the No. 11 segment and the windings are reversed to the No. 2 and No. 3 pairs. Winding in the direction,
Then, after connecting the windings in this order to the 10th and 5th segments, pull the windings out from the 5th segment and reverse the windings to the 8th and 9th teeth. Wrapped around
Then, after connecting the windings in this order to the 4th and 14th segments, pull out the windings from the 14th segment and reverse the windings to the 4th and 5th teeth. Wrapped around
After that, after connecting the windings to the 13th and 8th segments in this order, pull the windings from the 8th segment and reverse the windings to the 10th and 1st teeth. Wrapped around
After that, after connecting the windings to the 7th and 2nd segments in this order, pull out the windings from the 2nd segment and reverse the windings to the 6th and 7th teeth. A winding method for a DC motor, wherein the winding is connected to the first segment, and then the second winding step is completed.   A DC motor comprising: the armature core on which the winding is wound using the winding method for a DC motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4; and the commutator. . The 10 teeth are
Each extending outward in the radial direction, and a winding drum portion around which the winding is wound;
It is constituted by an outer peripheral part extending along the circumferential direction from the tip of this winding drum part,
5 sets of pairs of teeth formed so as to be gradually separated from each other toward the outer side in the radial direction of the adjacent winding drums,
Numbers 1 and 2 are assigned to one of the five pairs of teeth, and numbers 2 to 10 are sequentially assigned to the other four pairs of teeth in the circumferential direction. The DC motor according to claim 5, further comprising:

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