JP5775147B2 - So2をso3に酸化するための触媒 - Google Patents
So2をso3に酸化するための触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5775147B2 JP5775147B2 JP2013504378A JP2013504378A JP5775147B2 JP 5775147 B2 JP5775147 B2 JP 5775147B2 JP 2013504378 A JP2013504378 A JP 2013504378A JP 2013504378 A JP2013504378 A JP 2013504378A JP 5775147 B2 JP5775147 B2 JP 5775147B2
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- catalyst
- diatomaceous earth
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 78
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001491711 Melosira Species 0.000 description 4
- -1 alkali metal vanadate Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003682 vanadium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001491696 Asterionella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000206761 Bacillariophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001485688 Eunotia Species 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000502321 Navicula Species 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000180701 Nitzschia <flatworm> Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021486 amorphous silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cs+].[Cs+] KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001942 caesium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L vanadyl sulfate Chemical compound [V+2]=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940041260 vanadyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000352 vanadyl sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
- B01J23/22—Vanadium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/08—Silica
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/053—Sulfates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/31—Density
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/633—Pore volume less than 0.5 ml/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/69—Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/69—Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
- C01B17/74—Preparation
- C01B17/76—Preparation by contact processes
- C01B17/78—Preparation by contact processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C01B17/79—Preparation by contact processes characterised by the catalyst used containing vanadium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2235/00—Indexing scheme associated with group B01J35/00, related to the analysis techniques used to determine the catalysts form or properties
- B01J2235/15—X-ray diffraction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2235/00—Indexing scheme associated with group B01J35/00, related to the analysis techniques used to determine the catalysts form or properties
- B01J2235/30—Scanning electron microscopy; Transmission electron microscopy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/64—Pore diameter
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Description
3.51kgの、Masisタイプの珪藻土(Diatomite SP CJSC,Armeniaより)を、1.705kgの40%濃度(strength)のKOH、0.575kgの25%濃度NaOH及び0.398kgの90%濃度のアンモニウムポリバナデート、及び2.35kgの48%濃度の硫酸から成る懸濁物と混合した。次に250gの7.4%濃度のスターチ(でんぷん)水溶液を加え、混合物を強く混合(攪拌)し、そして押出しを行って、11×5mmの星型押出物を得た。次にこれらの押出物を120℃で乾燥させ、そして650℃でか焼した。
3.926kgの、MNタイプの珪藻土(EP Minerals LLC、Reno、USAより)を、1.701kgの40%濃度のKOH、0.563kgの25%濃度NaOH及び0.398kgの90%濃度のアンモニウムポリバナデート、及び2.35kgの48%濃度の硫酸から成る懸濁物と混合した。次に250gの7.4%濃度のスターチ水溶液を加え、混合物を強く混合(攪拌)し、そして押出しを行って、11×5mmの星型押出物を得た。次にこれらの押出物を120℃で乾燥させ、そして650℃でか焼した。
3.565kgのDiatomite1タイプの珪藻土(Mineral ResourcesCo.,Lima,Peruより)を1.666kgの40%濃度のKOH、0.559kgの25%濃度のNaOH及び0.396kgの90%濃度のアンモニウムポリバナデート、及び2.35kgの48%濃度の硫酸から成る懸濁物と混合した。次に250gの7.4%濃度のスターチ水溶液を加え、混合物を強く混合(攪拌)し、そして押出を行い11×5mmの星形押出物を得た。次にこれらの押出物を120℃で乾燥させ、そして650℃でか焼した。
3.496kgのLCS−3タイプの珪藻土(EP Minerals LLCより)を1.711kgの40%濃度のKOH、0.587kgの25%濃度のNaOH及び0.398kgの90%濃度のアンモニウムポリバナデート、及び2.35kgの48%濃度の硫酸から成る懸濁物と混合した。次に250gの7.4%濃度のスターチ水溶液を加え、混合物を強く混合(攪拌)し、そして押出を行い11×5mmの星形押出物を得た。次にこれらの押出物を120℃で乾燥させ、そして650℃でか焼した。
70質量%のMNタイプ(EP Minerals LLCより)、及び30質量%のDiatomite1タイプ(Mineral ResourcesCo.より)を含む珪藻土の混合物を使用して(実施例5)、又は70質量%のLCS−3タイプ(EP Minerals LLCより)、及び30質量%のDiatomite1タイプ(Mineral ResourcesCo.より)を含む珪藻土の混合物を使用して(実施例6)、触媒を、実施例1〜4に類似する方法で製造した。実際の活性成分の組成は、工程に関連する僅かなばらつき(変動)を除いては、変化させなかった(偏差<5%相対;SO4<9%相対)。
20質量%のMNタイプ(EP Minerals LLCより)、50質量%のMasisタイプ(Diatomite SP CJSCより)、及び30質量%のDiatomite1タイプ(Mineral ResourcesCo.より)を含む珪藻土の混合物を使用して、触媒を、実施例1〜4に類似する方法で製造した。実際の活性成分の組成は、工程に関連する僅かなばらつき(変動)を除いては、変化させなかった(偏差<5%相対;SO4<9%相対)。
2.753kgの、MNタイプの珪藻土(EP Minerals LLCより)を、0.956kgのCs2SO4、1.394kgの47%濃度のKOH、及び0.417kgの90%濃度のアンモニウムポリバナデート、及び1.906kgの48%濃度の硫酸から成る懸濁物と混合した。次に177gの10.68%濃度のスターチ水溶液を加え、混合物を強く混合(攪拌)し、そして押出しを行って、11×5mmの星型押出物を得た。次にこれらの押出物を120℃で乾燥させ、そして510℃でか焼した。
3.906kgのLCS−3タイプの珪藻土(EP Minerals LLCより)を1.381kgのCs2SO4、1.999kgの47%濃度のKOH、及び0.595kgの90%濃度のアンモニウムポリバナデート、及び2.769kgの48%濃度の硫酸から成る懸濁物と混合した。次に250gの10.68%濃度のスターチ水溶液を加え、混合物を強く混合(攪拌)し、そして押出を行い11×5mmの星形押出物を得た。次にこれらの押出物を120℃で乾燥させ、そして510℃でか焼した。
50質量%のMNタイプ(EP Minerals LLCより)、20質量%のCelite400タイプ(Lehmann&Voss&Co.,Hamburgより)、及び30質量%のDiatomite1タイプ(Mineral ResourcesCo.より)を含む珪藻土の混合物を使用して、触媒を、実施例8及び実施例9に類似する方法で製造した。実際の活性成分の組成は、工程に関連する僅かなばらつき(変動)を除いては、変化させなかった(偏差<5%相対;SO4<9%相対)。
30質量%のLCS−3タイプ(EP Minerals LLCより)、30質量%のMasisタイプ(Diatomite SP CJSCより)、及び40質量%のDiatomite1タイプ(Mineral ResourcesCo.より)を含む珪藻土の混合物を使用して、触媒を、実施例8及び実施例9に類似する方法で製造した。実際の活性成分の組成は、工程に関連する僅かなばらつき(変動)を除いては、変化させなかった(偏差<5%相対;SO4<9%相対)。
P=プレート形状の構造タイプ、C=シリンダー状の構造タイプ、R=棒形状の構造タイプ
Claims (7)
- SO2をSO3に酸化するための触媒であって、
バナジウム、アルカリ金属化合物、及びサルフェートを含む活性物質を、天然の珪藻土を含む支持体に施された状態で含み、
前記支持体の原料は、少なくとも2種の異なる、天然の、か焼されていない珪藻土を含み、及びこれらの珪藻土は、これらが由来するケイ土の藻の構造タイプの点で異なり、かつ、X線回折分析で測定されるクリストバライトの含有量がそれぞれ5質量%未満であって、
前記原料と前記活性物質とを混合し、か焼して作製されたことを特徴とする触媒。 - 前記ケイ土の藻の異なる構造タイプが、プレート形状、シリンダー形状及び棒形状の構造タイプから成る群から選ばれることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 支持体に含まれる異なる珪藻土のそれぞれが、支持体の合計質量に対して、少なくとも10質量%の割合で存在することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の触媒。
- SO2をSO3に酸化するための触媒を製造するための方法であって、
由来するケイ土の藻の構造タイプの点で異なる、天然の、か焼されていない珪藻土を少なくとも2種含み、当該少なくとも2種の珪藻土のX線回折分析で測定されるクリストバライト含有量がそれぞれ5質量%未満である支持体を、
バナジウム、アルカリ金属化合物、及びサルフェートを含む溶液、又は懸濁物と混合することを特徴とする方法。 - 前記ケイ土の藻の異なる構造タイプが、プレート形状、シリンダー形状及び棒形状の構造タイプから成る群から選ばれることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の触媒を使用して、SO2をSO3に酸化するための方法。
- 酸素及び二酸化硫黄SO2を含むガス混合物を、340〜680℃の範囲の温度で触媒と接触させることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。
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PCT/IB2011/051570 WO2011128841A1 (de) | 2010-04-12 | 2011-04-12 | Katalysator zur oxidation von so2 zu so3 |
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DE102013012399A1 (de) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-01-29 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung an einer Brennkraftmaschine und Brennkraftkraftmaschine |
DE102014005150A1 (de) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-10-08 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Abgasnachbehandlungssystem und Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung |
JP6783847B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-27 | 2020-11-11 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | So2をso3に触媒酸化するための成形触媒体 |
CN106311299A (zh) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-01-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种高浓度转化气硫酸生产用钒催化剂及其制备方法 |
EP3647019A1 (en) | 2018-11-05 | 2020-05-06 | Basf Se | Catalyst monolith for the catalytic oxidation of so2 to so3 |
EP3838393A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-23 | Basf Se | Process for the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide involving a structured catalyst bed |
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GB337761A (en) | 1929-05-03 | 1930-11-03 | Ici Ltd | Improvements in carriers for catalysts |
GB343441A (en) | 1929-05-03 | 1931-02-16 | Lloyd Francis Nickell | Improvements relating to catalyst carriers |
FR691356A (fr) | 1929-08-08 | 1930-10-21 | Monsanto Chemical Works | Supports de catalyseurs et procédés d'obtention et d'utilisation de ces supports |
DE2500264A1 (de) | 1958-12-29 | 1976-07-08 | Norddeutsche Affinerie | Katalysator fuer die oxidation von schwefeldioxid |
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BE790409A (fr) * | 1971-10-25 | 1973-02-15 | Isc Chemicals Ltd | Catalyseurs d'oxydation a base de vanadium |
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US3987153A (en) * | 1971-12-27 | 1976-10-19 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Company | Catalytic process for removing SO2 from sulfuric acid plant off gases |
CA1080205A (en) * | 1975-09-11 | 1980-06-24 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Active and durable sulfuric acid catalyst |
DE2919662A1 (de) | 1979-05-16 | 1980-11-27 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines katalysators fuer die oxidation von schwefeldioxid |
US4284530A (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1981-08-18 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Novel support for catalysts |
SU1558463A1 (ru) | 1987-07-06 | 1990-04-23 | Московский химико-технологический институт им.Д.И.Менделеева | Способ приготовлени катализатора дл окислени диоксида серы |
SU1616688A1 (ru) | 1987-12-04 | 1990-12-30 | Предприятие П/Я А-7125 | Катализатор дл конверсии So @ в So @ |
DE4000609B4 (de) | 1990-01-11 | 2005-09-15 | Basf Ag | Katalysator für die Oxidation von Schwefeldioxid zu Schwefeltrioxid |
SU1824235A1 (ru) | 1991-05-05 | 1993-06-30 | Nii Udobreniyam I Insektofungi | Способ приготовления высокотемпературного катализатора для окисления диоксида серы |
RU2080176C1 (ru) | 1994-07-04 | 1997-05-27 | Санкт-Петербургский государственный технологический институт (технический университет) | Катализатор для окисления диоксида серы |
JP3430188B2 (ja) * | 1995-03-30 | 2003-07-28 | 昭和化学工業株式会社 | 固定化光触媒及びその製造方法 |
JP2002285691A (ja) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-10-03 | Toto Ltd | 内装材 |
RU2186620C1 (ru) | 2001-08-06 | 2002-08-10 | Манаева Любовь Николаевна | Способ приготовления катализатора конверсии so2 в so3 |
JP2003073997A (ja) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-12 | Toto Ltd | 機能性内装材及びその製造方法 |
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WO2006033589A1 (fr) | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-30 | Lubov Nikolaevna Manaeva | Catalyseur permettant de convertir du so2 en so3 |
WO2006033588A1 (fr) | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-30 | Lubov Nikolaevna Manaeva | Catalyseur destine a convertir du so2 en so3 |
CN101462046A (zh) * | 2008-06-21 | 2009-06-24 | 康喆 | 采用钒酸铵、硫酸钾直接生产氧化制酸钒催化剂及其制备方法 |
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