JP5606601B2 - Vehicle speed sensor for vehicle and electric bicycle provided with vehicle speed sensor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle speed sensor for a vehicle and an electric bicycle equipped with the vehicle speed sensor, and more particularly to an improvement in the mounting structure of the vehicle speed sensor.

  The battery-assisted bicycle is configured to control the ratio (assist ratio) between the pedal depression force and the assist force by the electric motor to a magnitude corresponding to the vehicle speed, and therefore a vehicle speed sensor for detecting the vehicle speed is required. Further, there are cases where it is desired to provide a vehicle speed sensor even on an electric bicycle that can run only with a motor force. As a vehicle speed sensor of this type, for example, in Patent Document 1, an annular rotating body having four magnet pieces disposed therein is disposed so as to be coaxial with the hub axle of a wheel, and the rotation is performed. A body fixed to a spoke with a bolt is disclosed.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-27770

A vehicle speed sensor for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a vehicle body frame, a wheel formed by connecting a hub and a rim with a plurality of non-parallel spokes, the wheel being rotatably supported via a bearing, and the vehicle body frame. A vehicle speed sensor for a vehicle including an axle fixed to the ring, the magnet having a magnet, and an annular magnet holding member attached to the outside in the vehicle width direction of the spoke, and the detection element facing the magnet A sensor unit attached to a vehicle body frame, and the magnet holding member is fixed to a fixing bracket disposed on the inner side in the vehicle width direction of the spoke by a bolt, and the spoke is connected by the fixing bracket and the magnet holding member. is fixed to the spokes by holding, the fixing bracket has a plurality of abutment portions and a plurality of spokes abutting, said magnet holding member To the position where the magnet is separated from disposed a site radially inwardly of the wheel, in which has the spokes abutting spoke abutment.

1 is a left side view of a battery-assisted bicycle equipped with a vehicle speed sensor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a left view of the front wheel to which the said vehicle speed sensor was attached. It is sectional drawing (III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 2) of the said vehicle speed sensor. It is sectional drawing (IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 2) of the said vehicle speed sensor. It is a bottom view of the vehicle speed sensor. It is the side view which looked at the attachment state of the said vehicle speed sensor from the vehicle width direction inner side. It is sectional drawing of the vehicle speed sensor by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the vehicle speed sensor by 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the sensor part of the vehicle speed sensor. It is a disassembled perspective view of the magnet holding member of the said vehicle speed sensor.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 6 are views for explaining a vehicle speed sensor and its mounting structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view of a battery-assisted bicycle to which the vehicle speed sensor is attached. Is a left side view of a front wheel to which a vehicle speed sensor is attached, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle speed sensor (cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2), and FIG. FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the vehicle speed sensor, and FIG. 6 is a view (cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 3) viewed from the inside of the front wheel.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a battery-assisted bicycle. The body frame 2 of the battery-assisted bicycle 1 includes a head pipe 2a, a down tube 2b extending obliquely downward from the head pipe 2a, and a seat tube 2c extending upward from a rear end of the down tube 2b. The left and right pair of chain stays 2d and 2d extending substantially horizontally rearward from the rear end of the down tube 2b, and the left connecting the rear end of both chain stays 2d and the upper end of the seat tube 2c. , And a pair of right seat stays 2e and 2e.

  Further, the front fork 3 is pivotally supported by the head pipe 2a so as to be steerable left and right. The front fork 3 includes left and right fork main bodies 3a and 3a, and a steering shaft 3b coupled thereto.

  An axle 4a that pivotally supports the front wheel 4 is attached to the lower ends of the left and right fork main bodies 3a, and a bar-type steering handle 5 is fixed to the upper end of the steering shaft 3b.

  Further, a saddle 6 is mounted on the upper end of the seat tube 2c so that the height of the seat tube 2c can be adjusted, and an axle 7a for pivotally supporting a rear wheel 7 is mounted on the rear ends of the left and right chain stays 2d. Yes.

  A basket 8 is disposed on the front side of the head pipe 2a, and the basket 8 is supported by a stay 8a fixed to the steering shaft 3b and a portal stay 8b fixed to the axle 4a.

  A pedal 11 is disposed below the seat tube 2 c of the vehicle body frame 2. The crankshaft 11b is rotated via the crank arm 11a by the driver's pedaling force applied to the pedal 11, and the rotation of the crankshaft 11b is transmitted to the rear wheel 7 via the chain 9.

  A drive unit 10 is mounted below the seat tube 2c. The drive unit 10 generates auxiliary power using the crankshaft 11b, a pedaling force sensor 12 for continuously detecting the pedaling force applied to the pedal 11, and a battery 13 disposed behind the seat tube 2c as a power source. And a controller 15 for controlling the assisting force of the electric motor 14 in proportion to the magnitude of the stepping force and in accordance with the vehicle speed.

  The pedal depression force by the driver and the auxiliary force from the electric motor 14 are input to the chain 9 via separate sprockets, and are transmitted to the rear wheel 7 as a resultant force. Therefore, the rear wheel 7 is a moving wheel, and the front wheel 4 is a non-driving wheel.

  The front wheel 4 has a structure in which a hub 17 and a rim 18 are connected by a large number of spokes 19 and a tire 20 is attached to the rim 18.

  The hub 17 has bearing housing portions 17b and 17b formed at both ends of a cylindrical hub body 17a extending in the vehicle width direction, and flange portions 17c and 17c are connected to the left and right bearing housing portions 17b. It is. The spokes 19 are connected to the outer peripheral edge portions of the left and right flange portions 17c.

  The axle 4a is inserted into the hub body 17a, and ball bearings 21 and 21 are disposed between the axle 4a and the left and right bearing housing portions 17b. The ball bearings 21 and 21 are composed of a large number of balls 21a and an inner ring 21b on which the balls 21a are positioned, whereby the hub 17, that is, the front wheel 4 is rotatably supported by the axle 4a. The inner ring 21b is cylindrical and has an internal thread formed on the inner surface, and is screwed onto the axle 4a. Further, two chamfered portions 21c for spanners are formed on the peripheral surface of the inner ring 21b that protrudes outward in the vehicle width direction from the flange portion 17c. Reference numeral 22 denotes an inner ring lock nut. After adjusting the inner ring 21b, the inner ring 21b is fixed to the axle 4a by tightening the inner ring lock nut 22 while engaging the spanner with the chamfered portion 21c to prevent rotation.

  The left and right inner ring locknuts 22 on the left and right inner wheel lock nuts 22 of the axle 4a are arranged in the vehicle width direction in order on the left and right fork bodies 3a, the locking pieces 51, the portal stay 8b, the mounting bracket 40, and the washer. Members 23 are arranged and these are fastened and fixed by left and right axle lock nuts 24, 24 screwed to the axle 4a. As a result, the axle 4a is supported by the front fork 3.

  A vehicle speed sensor 25 is disposed on the left side of the front wheel 4 in the vehicle width direction when viewed in a state of being seated on the saddle 6. The vehicle speed sensor 25 includes a magnet holding member 26 attached to the shaft core portion of the front wheel 4 and a sensor portion 27 attached to the left fork main body 3 a so as to face the magnet holding member 26. Yes. In the present embodiment, the fork main body 3a is regarded as a part of the vehicle body frame.

  The magnet holding member 26 is a resin-made disc-like holding member main body 28 and a large number of magnetic poles 29a embedded in the outer peripheral portion thereof and magnetized so that N and S poles are alternately positioned in the circumferential direction. And an annular magnet 29.

  The magnet holding member 26 is formed by insert-molding a ferrite core into a resin member and magnetizing a magnetic pole in the ferrite core.

  A centering hole 28 a is formed in the shaft core portion of the holding member main body 28. The centering hole 28a is screwed to the axle 4a and fixed to each hexagonal top portion of the inner ring lock nut (bearing-related part) 22 so that the radial displacement between the detection element and the magnetic pole is within an allowable range. By fitting through a slight gap that fits, the axis of the magnet holding member 26 and the axis of the axle 4a can be substantially matched.

  Here, the diameter of the centering hole 28a is set slightly larger than the circumscribed circle of the inner ring lock nut 22 so that the above-described gap is formed. Thereby, the magnet holding member 26 can be rotated around the inner ring lock nut 22 fixed to the vehicle body side without any trouble. Even if the shaft center is slightly displaced and a part of the shaft is in contact with a portion of the inner ring lock nut 22, the holding member main body 28 is made of resin, so that it is scraped immediately, and after that, there is no problem.

  The magnet holding member 26 is disposed on the outer side in the vehicle width direction of the spoke 19 of the front wheel 4, and the spoke 19 is sandwiched between the spoke 19 and the fixed bracket 30 disposed on the inner side in the vehicle width direction of the spoke 19. In detail, it has the following structure.

  A plurality (three in the case of this embodiment) of bosses 28b are formed on the inner side surface in the vehicle width direction of the outer peripheral portion of the holding member main body 28 so as to protrude at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. Each boss portion 28b is formed with a screw hole 28d. Each boss portion 28b is disposed between the spokes 19 as shown in FIG.

  The fixing brackets 30 are made of resin and are provided in three, and have an arc shape that faces the inner surface of the outer peripheral portion of the holding member main body 28. A boss portion 30 a is formed on the fixed bracket 30 so as to face the boss portion 28 b of the holding member main body 28. The fixing bracket 30 is brought into contact with the spoke 19 from the inside, and the bolt 31 is screwed into the screw hole 28d with the boss 30a of the fixing bracket 30 facing the boss 28b of the holding member main body 28. Then, the inner and outer four spokes 19 are sandwiched between the fixing bracket 30 and the holding member main body 28. Thereby, the magnet holding member 26 is fixed to the spoke 19 so as to be coaxial with the axle 4a. Further, the boss portion 30a of the fixed bracket 30 is in contact with the boss portion 28b of the holding member main body 28, thereby preventing the spoke 19 from being deformed more than necessary.

  The sensor unit 27 is attached to an attachment bracket 40 fixed to the left fork main body 3a so that the relative position in the rotational direction with respect to the magnet holding member 26 can be adjusted, and has the following structure in detail.

  The mounting bracket 40 is made of magnetic sheet metal, and constitutes a magnetic closed circuit of the sensor unit 27 and also serves as a shield.

  The mounting bracket 40 includes a fixing portion 40a having an insertion hole 40a 'into which the axle 4a is inserted, and a bracket main body portion that extends in a generally fan shape so as to cover the lower portion of the magnet holding member 26 from the fixing portion 40a. 40b and a detent portion 40d extending rearward and upward along the lower edge of the fork main body 3a from the rear edge of the bracket main body portion 40b. An inner flange portion 40c is formed at the lower edge of the bracket main body portion 40b so as to be bent inward so as to protect the lower surface of a case 37 of the sensor portion 27 described later.

  The fixing portion 40a is disposed between the portal stay 8b of the axle 4a and the washer member 23, and is fixed by the axle lock nut 24.

  The anti-rotation portion 40d is formed with a contact portion 40f that contacts the fork main body 3a at its upper edge and a fixing hole 40e. The mounting bracket 40 is fixed to the fork main body 3a together with the lead wires 38 by winding and tightening the fixing band 41 inserted through the fixing hole 40e around the fork main body 3a. As a result, the fixing bracket 41 prevents the mounting bracket 40 from rotating in the same direction (clockwise in FIG. 2) when the axle lock nut 24 is tightened, and an obstacle on the road contacts the mounting bracket 40 during traveling. Sometimes the counterclockwise rotation is prevented by the contact portion 40f. Reference numeral 42 denotes a fastening band for fixing the lead wire 38 to the mounting bracket 40.

  The locking piece 51 has a shaft hole 51b through which the axle 4a is inserted, and a locking claw 51a is bent inward at the upper edge portion thereof. The locking claw 51a is inserted into an engagement hole 3c formed in the end plate 3e at the lower end of the fork main body 3a. The engagement hole 3c is formed close to the upper edge of the U-shaped slit 3d into which the axle 4a is inserted from the lower open end side. By locking the locking claw 51a of the locking piece 51 in the engagement hole 3c of the fork main body 3a, the axle 4a is prevented from dropping from the slit 3d when the front wheel 4 is assembled.

  The sensor unit 27 includes a substrate 36 on which two Hall ICs (detection elements) 35a and 35b are mounted, and a resin case 37 that accommodates the substrate 36. The substrate 36 is fixed to the inner surface of the case 37 with bolts 36a. The substrate 36 and the Hall ICs 35a and 35b are resin-sealed by filling the case 37 with a resin 37e so that water or the like does not come into contact therewith.

  The case 37 has mounting portions 37a and 37a protruding forward and rearward, and each mounting portion 37a is fixed to the mounting bracket 40 by fixing bolts 44 and 44 inserted into the long holes 37f from the inner side in the vehicle width direction. The bracket body 40b is fixed. In this way, the circumferential relative position of the case 37, and thus the Hall ICs 35a, 35b, with respect to the magnet 29 can be adjusted.

  A lead wire 38 is connected to each of the Hall ICs 35a and 35b. The lead wires 38 are led down from the lower wall portion 37b of the case 37 in a bundled state, routed upward along the fork main body 3a through the back surface of the mounting bracket 40, and further along the down tube 2b. Wired and connected to the controller 15.

  Each of the Hall ICs 35a and 35b is disposed at a predetermined interval in the radial direction when viewed from the side of the vehicle. In addition, when the Hall IC 35a located on the outer side in the radial direction is located at the center portion that is the detectable range of any one of the magnetic poles 29a (the first magnetic pole 29a '), the Hall IC 35b located on the inner side. The relative position in the rotational direction is set so as to be located at the boundary portion a between the first magnetic pole 29a ′ and the adjacent magnetic pole (second magnetic pole 29a ″) (see FIG. 2).

  According to the present embodiment, the centering hole 28a formed in the shaft core portion of the magnet holding member 26 is fitted to the inner ring lock nut 22 that locks the inner ring 21b of the ball bearing 21, and more specifically, the centering is performed. Since the hole 28a is fitted to the axle 4a with a slight gap, the magnet holding member 26 can be easily and reliably centered on the axle 4a without requiring a dedicated jig. be able to.

  In addition, since the magnet 29 formed by connecting the magnetic poles 29a in an annular shape is disposed on the outer periphery of the annular magnet holding member 26, a large number of magnetic poles 29a can be provided. Therefore, the resolution can be increased, and in particular, the vehicle speed detection accuracy at the start of the battery-assisted bicycle 1 can be improved.

  In addition, since the magnet holding member 26 is fixed by sandwiching the spoke 19 with the fixing bracket 30 disposed on the inner side in the vehicle width direction of the spoke 19, the magnet holding member 26 can be mounted without performing additional processing on the existing vehicle. It can be attached to the front wheel 4 and the increase in cost can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, since the three fixing brackets 30 are arranged at substantially equal angular intervals around the axle, the attachment work of the magnet holding member 26 to the spoke 19 can be performed easily and accurately, and the detection accuracy is improved. be able to.

  Since the case 37 of the sensor unit 27 is attached to the fork main body 3a via the mounting bracket 40 having one end connected to the axle 4a, the positional accuracy of the sensor unit 27 with respect to the axle 4a can be increased, and eventually the magnet 29 The detection accuracy can be improved.

  When one sensor element 35a is positioned within the detectable range of the first magnetic pole 29a ', the sensor element 27 has a second magnetic pole 29a' 'whose other sensor element 35b is adjacent to the first magnetic pole 29a'. Therefore, the speed and direction of rotation of the wheel can be easily detected, and thus the reverse and reverse speed of the vehicle can be detected.

  Since the case 37 of the sensor unit 27 is attached to the mounting bracket 40 so that the relative position can be adjusted, it is not necessary to add a function for adjusting the relative position of the sensor unit 27 to the body frame side. The case 37 of the sensor unit 27 can be attached without changing the body frame.

  Since the mounting bracket 40 covers at least the entire outer side in the vehicle width direction of the case 37 of the sensor unit 27, the sensor unit 27 can be protected from damage due to curbstones or stepping stones on the road.

  Since the mounting bracket 40 is made of a magnetic material, it constitutes a magnetic closed circuit of the sensor unit and also serves as a shield. Therefore, the sensor unit 27 can be protected from external noise without increasing the number of parts. As a result, the detection accuracy can be improved.

  Further, the board 36 on which the Hall ICs 35a and 35b are mounted is accommodated in the case 37, the lead wires 38 connected to the Hall ICs 35a and 35b are led out downward from the lower wall portion of the case 37, and the mounting bracket 40 is mounted on the vehicle. Since it has been routed on the vehicle body frame side along the inner side in the width direction, it is possible to prevent rainwater or the like traveling along the lead wire 38 from entering the case 37 and prevent deterioration in detection accuracy. Can protect.

  Furthermore, since the magnet holding member 26 is disposed on the front wheel 4 which is a non-driven wheel to which no driving force is transmitted, it is possible to prevent a decrease in detection accuracy due to slipping or idling.

  7 and 8 to 10 are views for explaining vehicle speed sensors according to the second and third embodiments of the present invention, respectively, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 2 and 3 denote the same or corresponding parts. Show.

  In both the second and third embodiments, the magnet holding member 26 attached to the shaft core portion of the front wheel 4 and the sensor portion 27 attached to the front fork 3 so as to face the magnet holding member 26 Since the basic structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, only different parts will be described below.

  FIG. 7 shows a vehicle speed sensor and its mounting structure according to the second embodiment.

  In the second embodiment, the centering hole 28a of the magnet holding member 26 is formed in the portion of the inner ring 21b of the bearing 21 that protrudes outward from the bearing housing portion 17b before the inner ring lock nut 22 is screwed. In the same manner as in the embodiment, centering is performed by fitting through a slight gap, and a magnetic closed circuit of the sensor unit 27 is formed in the case 37 of the sensor unit 27, and a member 45 also serving as a shield is disposed. This is an example. The member 45 is made of a magnetic material, and covers each surface of the case 37 except for the surface facing the magnet 29.

  In the present embodiment, the case 37 of the sensor unit 27 is provided with a member 45 that constitutes a magnetic closed circuit of the sensor unit 27 and also serves as a shield, so that the mounting bracket is protected while protecting the sensor unit 27 from external noise. 40 can be formed of an aluminum alloy, resin, or the like made of a non-magnetic material, and the mounting bracket 40 can be reduced in weight.

  8 to 10 show a vehicle speed sensor and its mounting structure according to the third embodiment.

  In the third embodiment, the sensor unit 27 is directly attached to the fork main body 3a of the front fork 3, and the three fixing brackets 47 are arranged on the concentric circles so as to form a substantially equiangular interval. This is an example in which the spoke 19 is sandwiched between the member 26.

  Specifically, the sensor unit 27 is fixed to the fork main body 3 a by two fastening bands 48, 48. The magnet holding member 26 is fixed to each fixing bracket 47 by a bolt 49 screwed from the outside in the vehicle width direction. Reference numeral 50 denotes a buffer member that contacts the spoke 19 while being elastically deformed.

  In the present embodiment, since the sensor unit 27 is directly attached to the fork main body 3a, a mounting bracket can be eliminated and the number of parts can be reduced.

  Centering is performed by fitting the centering hole 28a of the magnet holding member 26 to the inner ring lock nut 22 through a slight gap, and the three fixing brackets 47 are arranged on the concentric circles at equal angular intervals. Therefore, the attaching operation of the magnet holding member 26 to the spoke 19 can be easily and accurately performed, and the detection accuracy can be increased.

  In each of the above embodiments, the vehicle speed sensor 25 is disposed on the front wheel 4 that is a non-drive wheel. However, when the front wheel is a drive wheel and the rear wheel is a non-drive wheel, the vehicle speed sensor is attached to the rear wheel. desirable. In the case of a tricycle, since either one of the left and right rear wheels serves as a drive wheel, it is desirable that the vehicle speed sensor be attached to the other rear wheel or front wheel.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the magnet holding member 26 is formed by insert molding of the ferrite core and subsequent magnetization is described. However, in the present invention, a plastic bond magnet by injection molding can be used. In this case, the degree of freedom of the shape of the magnet holding member can be increased and it can be manufactured at low cost.

  In the above-described embodiment, the description has been given by taking the battery-assisted bicycle as an example. However, the vehicle of the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can also be applied to vehicles such as electric motorcycles, tricycles, and electric wheelchairs.

(Other inventions)
By the way, in the conventional vehicle speed sensor (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-27770), since the rotating body has an annular shape, it is difficult to align the center with the axle, and it seems that a dedicated jig is necessary. Moreover, since there are only four magnet pieces, there is a problem that the resolution is low and the vehicle speed detection accuracy at the start is particularly low.

  The following invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and can easily perform centering without requiring a dedicated jig, has high resolution, and has a vehicle speed detection accuracy at the start. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle speed sensor for a high vehicle and a battery-assisted bicycle including the vehicle speed sensor.

  A first invention is a vehicle including a vehicle body frame, a wheel formed by connecting a hub and a rim by spokes, and an axle that rotatably supports the wheel via a bearing and is fixed to the vehicle body frame. And a centering hole that fits into a bearing-related component fixed to the axle, and a magnet having a plurality of magnetic poles arranged in an annular shape on the outer periphery, and the spoke An annular magnet holding member attached to the outer side in the vehicle width direction, a substrate on which the detection element is disposed, and a case for housing the substrate, and the case is configured so that the detection element faces the magnet. And a sensor unit attached to the frame.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed sensor for the vehicle according to the first aspect, the bearing-related component is an inner ring of the bearing or a lock nut that fixes the inner ring to the axle.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed sensor for the vehicle according to the first or second aspect, the magnet holding member sandwiches the spoke with a fixed bracket disposed on an inner side surface in the vehicle width direction of the spoke. It is characterized by being fixed to spokes.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed sensor for the vehicle according to the third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the fixed brackets are arranged and arranged at substantially equal angular intervals on a circumference centered on the axle. It is a feature.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed sensor for the vehicle according to the first or second aspect, the case of the sensor unit is attached to the vehicle body frame via an attachment bracket having one end connected to the axle. Yes.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed sensor for the vehicle according to the fifth aspect, the sensor unit has two detection elements, and one of the detection elements is located within a detectable range of the first magnetic pole of the magnet. The other detection element is arranged so as to be positioned at a boundary portion between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole adjacent to the first magnetic pole.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed sensor for the vehicle according to the fifth aspect, the case of the sensor unit is attached to a mounting bracket attached to the body frame so that the relative position of the detection element and the magnet can be adjusted. It is characterized by having.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed sensor for the vehicle according to the fifth aspect, the mounting bracket covers at least the entire outer side in the vehicle width direction of the case of the sensor portion.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed sensor for the vehicle according to the eighth aspect, the mounting bracket is made of a magnetic material, forms a magnetic closed circuit of the sensor portion, and also serves as a shield. Yes.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed sensor for the vehicle according to the eighth aspect of the invention, the sensor portion case is provided with a member that forms a magnetic closed circuit of the sensor portion and also serves as a shield. It is a feature.

  An eleventh aspect of the present invention is the vehicle speed sensor for the vehicle according to the eighth aspect, wherein the lead wire connected to the detection element of the sensor portion is led downward from the lower wall portion of the case, and the vehicle width of the mounting bracket is It is characterized by being routed on the vehicle body frame side along the inner side in the direction.

  A twelfth invention is the vehicle speed sensor of the vehicle according to the first invention, wherein the vehicle has driving wheels to which driving force is transmitted and non-driving wheels to which driving force is not transmitted, and the magnet holding member is It is attached to the non-drive wheel.

  A thirteenth invention is an electric bicycle comprising the vehicle speed sensor according to any one of the first to twelfth inventions.

  According to the vehicle speed sensor of the vehicle according to the first aspect of the present invention, the shaft fitted to the shaft core portion of the magnet holding member and the bearing-related component fixed to the axle, for example, the inner ring or the lock nut of the bearing of the second aspect of the invention. Since the alignment hole is formed, the centering of the magnet holding member with respect to the axle can be easily and reliably performed without requiring a dedicated jig.

  In addition, since a magnet having a plurality of magnetic poles arranged in an annular shape is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the annular magnet holding member, a large number of magnetic poles can be provided. Therefore, the resolution can be increased, and in particular, the vehicle speed detection accuracy at the start of the vehicle can be improved.

  In the third aspect of the invention, the magnet holding member is fixed by sandwiching the spoke with the fixing bracket disposed on the inner side in the vehicle width direction of the spoke. Therefore, the magnet holding member is attached to the wheel without additional processing on the existing vehicle. It is possible to suppress the increase in cost.

  In the fourth invention, since the plurality of fixing brackets are arranged at substantially equal angular intervals around the axle, the attachment work of the magnet holding member to the spoke can be performed easily and accurately, and the detection accuracy is improved. be able to.

  In the fifth aspect of the invention, the case of the sensor unit is attached to the vehicle body frame via a mounting bracket whose one end is connected to the axle, so that the positional accuracy of the sensor unit with respect to the axle can be increased, and the magnet is therefore more accurate. It can be made to oppose well, and detection accuracy can be improved.

  In a sixth aspect of the invention, when the one detection element is positioned within the detectable range of the first magnetic pole, the other detection element is at the boundary between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole adjacent to the sensor section. Since they are arranged so as to be positioned, the speed and direction of rotation of the wheel can be easily detected, and the reverse and reverse speed of the vehicle can be detected.

  In the seventh invention, the case of the sensor unit is attached to the mounting bracket fixed to the vehicle body frame so that the relative position can be adjusted. Therefore, it is necessary to add a function for adjusting the relative position of the case to the vehicle body frame. No, the case of the sensor unit can be attached without changing the existing body frame.

  In the eighth aspect of the invention, the mounting bracket covers at least the entire outer side in the vehicle width direction of the case of the sensor unit, so that the sensor unit can be protected from damage due to curbstones or stepping stones on the road.

  In the ninth invention, since the mounting bracket is made of a magnetic material, the sensor unit forms a magnetic closed circuit and also serves as a shield. Therefore, the sensor unit can be externally connected without increasing the number of parts. It can protect from noise and can improve detection accuracy.

  In the tenth invention, since the magnetic closed circuit of the sensor unit is configured in the case of the sensor unit and the member that also serves as a shield is disposed, the mounting bracket is made of a nonmagnetic material while protecting the sensor unit from external noise. Thus, the mounting bracket can be reduced in weight.

  In an eleventh aspect of the invention, the substrate on which the detection element is mounted is accommodated in the case, and the lead wire connected to the detection element is led out downward from the lower wall portion of the case, and along the vehicle width direction inside of the mounting bracket. Since the cable is routed on the vehicle body frame side, it is possible to prevent rainwater or the like traveling along the lead wire from entering the case, thereby preventing deterioration of detection accuracy, and protecting the lead wire.

  In the twelfth invention, since the magnet holding member is disposed on the non-driven wheel to which the driving force is not transmitted, it is possible to prevent a decrease in detection accuracy due to slipping or idling.

  In the thirteenth invention, since the vehicle speed sensor according to any one of the first to twelfth inventions is provided, in an existing electric bicycle, a high-resolution vehicle speed sensor can be easily and securely attached without requiring a dedicated jig. The vehicle speed detection accuracy can be improved.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motor-assisted bicycle 2 Body frame 3 Front fork 4 Front wheel 7 Rear wheel 17 Hub 18 Rim 19 Spoke 22 Inner ring lock nut 25 Vehicle speed sensor 26 Magnet holding member 27 Sensor part 28a Centering hole 29 Magnet 29a Magnetic pole 29a 'First magnetic pole 29a ″ ′ Second magnetic pole 30 Fixed bracket 35a, 35b Hall IC (detection element)
36 Substrate 37 Case 37b Lower wall portion 38 Lead wire 40 Mounting bracket 45 Member 47 Fixed bracket a Boundary portion

Claims (8)

Body frame,
A wheel formed by connecting a hub and a rim with a plurality of non-parallel spokes;
A vehicle speed sensor for a vehicle including a wheel shaft rotatably supported via a bearing and an axle fixed to the vehicle body frame;
An annular magnet holding member having a magnet and attached to the outside of the spoke in the vehicle width direction;
A sensor unit attached to the vehicle body frame so that a detection element faces the magnet,
The magnet holding member is fixed by a bolt to a fixing bracket disposed on the inner side in the vehicle width direction of the spoke, and is fixed to the spoke by sandwiching the spoke with the fixing bracket and the magnet holding member.
The fixed bracket has a plurality of contact portions that contact a plurality of spokes ,
A vehicle speed sensor for a vehicle, wherein the magnet holding member has a spoke contact portion that contacts the spoke at a position spaced radially inward of the wheel from a portion where the magnet is disposed . 2. The vehicle speed sensor according to claim 1, wherein the spoke contact portion of the magnet holding member is located on a radially inner side of the wheel with respect to the bolt .   3. The vehicle speed sensor according to claim 2, wherein the spoke contact portion of the magnet holding member is positioned radially inward of the wheel with respect to the contact portion of the fixed bracket.   4. The vehicle speed sensor according to claim 2, wherein the spoke contact portion of the magnet holding member is in contact with a spoke extending from the outer side in the vehicle width direction of the flange portion of the hub toward the rim.   The vehicle speed sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fixed bracket is formed in an arc shape.   The vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the bolt is disposed between two contact portions adjacent in the circumferential direction among the plurality of contact portions of the fixed bracket. Vehicle speed sensor.   The vehicle speed sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the magnet holding member includes a resin holding member main body, and the magnet is insert-molded in the holding member main body.   An electric bicycle comprising the vehicle speed sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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