JP5590128B2 - 冷却機器、冷却機器を有する電子機器及び発熱体の冷却方法 - Google Patents
冷却機器、冷却機器を有する電子機器及び発熱体の冷却方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 138
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 161
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 149
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- NOPJRYAFUXTDLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-methoxypropane Chemical compound COC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F NOPJRYAFUXTDLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/46—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids
- H01L23/473—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20236—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures by immersion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/15—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/16—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
- H01L2224/161—Disposition
- H01L2224/16151—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/16221—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/16225—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/73—Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/10, H01L2224/18, H01L2224/26, H01L2224/34, H01L2224/42, H01L2224/50, H01L2224/63, H01L2224/71
- H01L2224/732—Location after the connecting process
- H01L2224/73201—Location after the connecting process on the same surface
- H01L2224/73203—Bump and layer connectors
- H01L2224/73204—Bump and layer connectors the bump connector being embedded into the layer connector
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/73—Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/10, H01L2224/18, H01L2224/26, H01L2224/34, H01L2224/42, H01L2224/50, H01L2224/63, H01L2224/71
- H01L2224/732—Location after the connecting process
- H01L2224/73251—Location after the connecting process on different surfaces
- H01L2224/73253—Bump and layer connectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/095—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00 with a principal constituent of the material being a combination of two or more materials provided in the groups H01L2924/013 - H01L2924/0715
- H01L2924/097—Glass-ceramics, e.g. devitrified glass
- H01L2924/09701—Low temperature co-fired ceramic [LTCC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/151—Die mounting substrate
- H01L2924/153—Connection portion
- H01L2924/1531—Connection portion the connection portion being formed only on the surface of the substrate opposite to the die mounting surface
- H01L2924/15311—Connection portion the connection portion being formed only on the surface of the substrate opposite to the die mounting surface being a ball array, e.g. BGA
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Description
(1)高効率冷却:水性冷媒液による噴流冷却と、絶縁性冷媒液による接合部の冷却の併用により、半導体デバイス全周の直接冷却が水冷で実現される。
(2)大面積冷却:メモリ、スイッチ、パワーモジュール等を含めたシステムボード全体の一体冷却が可能になる。
(3)低環境負荷:フッ素系冷媒を最小限に抑さえ、主たる冷却手段を水冷とすることにより、環境への負荷を低減しつつ高効率冷却と実現できる。
(4)高信頼性:基板が外気に触れることがないため、温度差による結露を防止し、マイグレーションの発生を防止することができる。
(5)低コスト化:一体冷却できるので、CPU毎にサーマルモジュールを設ける必要がない。また、結露対策のヒータを不要にするなど、部品点数の削減と消費電力の低減を図ることができる。
11 ケーシング(ハウジング)
13 水性冷媒液
14 絶縁性冷媒液
15、15a、15b、75 ノズル(冷媒液供給手段)
18a、18b、78a、78b ポンプ
19 配管
19a 第1の配管
19b 第2の配管
19c 第3の配管
20、20a、20b 半導体パッケージ(半導体モジュール)
21 半導体素子
24 接合部
30 基板
76 カーテン流
79 冷媒液分離タンク
Claims (10)
- 基板との接合部を備える発熱体の前記接合部を、絶縁性を有する第1の冷媒液で冷却する第1冷却部と、
前記発熱体上の前記接合部と異なる部分に水性の第2の冷媒液を接触させて、前記接合部と異なる部分を冷却する第2冷却部と、
を有することを特徴とする冷却機器。 - 前記第1冷却部は、前記接合部を前記第1の冷媒液に浸漬し、
前記第2冷却部は、前記接合部と異なる部分に前記第2の冷媒液を供給することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の冷却機器。 - 前記第1冷却部は、前記接合部に前記第1の冷媒液を供給し、
前記第2冷却部は、前記接合部と異なる部分に前記第2の冷媒液を供給することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の冷却機器。 - 基板との接合部を備える発熱体の前記接合部を、絶縁性を有する第1の冷媒液で冷却する第1冷却部と、
前記発熱体の前記接合部と異なる部分を、第2の冷媒液で冷却する第2冷却部と、
を有し、
前記第1冷却部は、前記接合部を前記第1の冷媒液に浸漬し、
前記第2冷却部は、前記接合部と異なる部分に前記第2の冷媒液を供給し、
前記第1の冷媒液の比重は、前記第2の冷媒液の比重よりも大きく、
前記冷却機器は、前記第1の冷媒液と、前記第2の冷媒液とを収めるケーシングをさらに備え、
前記第2冷却部は、前記ケーシングから取り出した前記第2の冷媒液を、前記接合部と異なる部分に供給する第1の供給部を含むことを特徴とする冷却機器。 - 基板との接合部を備える発熱体の前記接合部を、絶縁性を有する第1の冷媒液で冷却する第1冷却部と、
前記発熱体の前記接合部と異なる部分を、第2の冷媒液で冷却する第2冷却部と、
を有し、
前記第1冷却部は、前記接合部に前記第1の冷媒液を供給し、
前記第2冷却部は、前記接合部と異なる部分に前記第2の冷媒液を供給し、
前記第1の冷媒液の比重は、前記第2の冷媒液の比重よりも大きく、
前記冷却機器は、前記第1の冷媒液と、前記第2の冷媒液とを収める収容部をさらに備え、
前記第1冷却部は、前記収納部から取り出した前記第1の冷媒液を、前記接合部に供給する第2の供給部を含み、
前記第2冷却部は、前記収納部から取り出した前記第2の冷媒液を、前記接合部と異なる部分に供給する第3の供給部を含むことを特徴とする冷却機器。 - 基板との接合部を備える半導体装置と、
前記半導体装置の前記接合部を、絶縁性を有する第1の冷媒液で冷却する第1冷却部と、
前記半導体装置上の前記接合部と異なる部分に水性の第2の冷媒液を接触させて、前記接合部と異なる部分を冷却する第2冷却部と、
を有することを特徴とする電子機器。 - 前記第1冷却部は、前記接合部を前記第1の冷媒液に浸漬し、
前記第2冷却部は、前記接合部と異なる部分に前記第2の冷媒液を供給することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の電子機器。 - 前記第1冷却部は、前記接合部に前記第1の冷媒液を供給し、
前記第2冷却部は、前記接合部と異なる部分に前記第2の冷媒液を供給することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の電子機器。 - 基板との接合部を備える半導体装置と、
前記半導体装置の前記接合部を、絶縁性を有する第1の冷媒液で冷却する第1冷却部と、
前記半導体装置の前記接合部と異なる部分を、第2の冷媒液で冷却する第2冷却部と、
を有し、
前記第1冷却部は、前記接合部を前記第1の冷媒液に浸漬し、
前記第2冷却部は、前記接合部と異なる部分に前記第2の冷媒液を供給し、
前記第1の冷媒液の比重は、前記第2の冷媒液の比重よりも大きく、
前記冷却機器は、前記第1の冷媒液と、前記第2の冷媒液とを収めるケーシングをさらに備え、
前記第2冷却部は、前記ケーシングから取り出した前記第2の冷媒液を、前記接合部と異なる部分に供給する第1の供給部を含むことを特徴とする電子機器。 - 基板との接合部を備える発熱体の前記接合部を、絶縁性を有する第1の冷媒液で冷却するとともに、前記発熱体上の前記接合部と異なる部分に水性の第2の冷媒液を接触させて前記接合部と異なる部分を冷却することを特徴とする発熱体の冷却方法。
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PCT/JP2010/064197 WO2012025981A1 (ja) | 2010-08-23 | 2010-08-23 | 冷却機器、冷却機器を有する電子機器及び発熱体の冷却方法 |
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JP5590128B2 true JP5590128B2 (ja) | 2014-09-17 |
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US (1) | US20130139998A1 (ja) |
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US20230209773A1 (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-06-29 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Systems and methods for mixing immersion fluids in immersion-cooled datacenters |
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JPH04151860A (ja) * | 1990-10-16 | 1992-05-25 | Fujitsu Ltd | 電子装置の冷却装置 |
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US3417814A (en) * | 1967-06-26 | 1968-12-24 | Ibm | Air cooled multiliquid heat transfer unit |
JPS5216981A (en) * | 1975-07-31 | 1977-02-08 | Toshiba Corp | Integrate circuit unit |
US6744136B2 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2004-06-01 | International Rectifier Corporation | Sealed liquid cooled electronic device |
US6992888B1 (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2006-01-31 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Parallel cooling of heat source mounted on a heat sink by means of liquid coolant |
US7284389B2 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2007-10-23 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Two-fluid spray cooling system |
US7307841B2 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2007-12-11 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Electronic package and method of cooling electronics |
US7787248B2 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2010-08-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Multi-fluid cooling system, cooled electronics module, and methods of fabrication thereof |
JP4765821B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-03 | 2011-09-07 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | パワーモジュールの冷却構造体 |
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- 2010-08-23 WO PCT/JP2010/064197 patent/WO2012025981A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPH04151860A (ja) * | 1990-10-16 | 1992-05-25 | Fujitsu Ltd | 電子装置の冷却装置 |
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WO2012025981A1 (ja) | 2012-03-01 |
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