JP5548121B2 - バイオフィルム中の細菌細胞における生理学的分散応答の誘導 - Google Patents
バイオフィルム中の細菌細胞における生理学的分散応答の誘導 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5548121B2 JP5548121B2 JP2010508415A JP2010508415A JP5548121B2 JP 5548121 B2 JP5548121 B2 JP 5548121B2 JP 2010508415 A JP2010508415 A JP 2010508415A JP 2010508415 A JP2010508415 A JP 2010508415A JP 5548121 B2 JP5548121 B2 JP 5548121B2
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Description
本発明は、バイオフィルム中の細菌細胞における生理学的分散応答を誘導する方法に関する。
バイオフィルム構造の緻密な性質、バイオフィルム細菌の生理学的状態の推定される低下、およびバイオフィルムマトリックスポリマーにより付与される保護のため、天然および人工の化学的薬剤は、感染性バイオフィルム集団を充分に攻撃し破壊することができない(Costerton et al., "Bacterial Biofilms in Nature and Disease," Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 41:435-464 (1987)(非特許文献1);Hoiby et al., "The Immune Response to Bacterial Biofilms," In Microbial Biofilms, Lappin-Scott et al., eds., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1995)(非特許文献2))。抗生物質に対する抵抗性の増加は、バイオフィルム細菌に関連した一般的な形質である。接着した場合、細菌は著しい抵抗性を示し、バイオフィルム細胞の様々な抗微生物剤に対する感受性は、浮遊(遊離浮遊)培養で培養された同一の細菌より10〜1000倍低くなる。例えば、最も効率的な抗菌剤のうちの一つであると考えられている酸化的殺生物剤である(次亜塩素酸ナトリウムとしての)塩素は、スタフィロコッカス・アウレウス(Staphylococcus aureus)のバイオフィルム細胞を死滅させるために、同一種の浮遊性細胞と比較して600倍の濃度の増加を必要とすることが示されている(Luppens et al., "Development of a Standard Test to Assess the Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Cells to Disinfectants," Appl Environ Microbiol. 68:4194-200 (2002)(非特許文献3))。抗生物質に対するバイオフィルム細菌の異常な抵抗性を説明するために、以下のものを含むいくつかの仮説が提案されている:(i)バイオフィルム細菌(特に、バイオフィルム内深部のもの)により示される代謝および分裂の速度の低下;(ii)バイオフィルムEPSマトリックスが、吸着剤または反応体として作用し、バイオフィルム細胞と相互作用することができる薬剤の量を低下させ得る。さらに、バイオフィルム構造は、バイオフィルムの領域への接近を遮断することにより物理的に抗微生物剤の浸透を低下させ得る;(iii)バイオフィルム細胞は、多剤排出ポンプおよびストレス応答レギュロンのような特定の防御因子を発現しており、浮遊性細菌とは生理学的に異なる(Brown et al., "Resistance of Bacterial Biofilms to Antibiotics: A Growth-Rate Related Effect? " J. Antimicrob. Chemotherapy 22:777-783 (1988)(非特許文献4);Anwar et al., "Establishment of Aging Biofilms: Possible Mechanism of Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobial Therapy," Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 36: 1347-1351 (1992)(非特許文献5);Mah et al., "Mechanisms of Biofilm Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents," Trends Microbiol. 9:34-39 (2001)(非特許文献6);Sauer et al., "Pseudomonas aeruginosa Displays Multiple Phenotypes During Development as a Biofilm," J. Bacteriol. 184:1140-1154 (2002)(非特許文献7);Stewart, P.S., "Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Bacterial Biofilms," Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 292:107-113 (2002)(非特許文献8);Donlan et al., "Biofilms: Survival Mechanisms of Clinically Relevant Microorganisms," Clinical Microbiol. Reviews 15:167-193 (2002)(非特許文献9);Gilbert et al., "The Physiology and Collective Recalcitrance of Microbial Biofilm Communities," Adv. Microb. Physiol. 46:202-256 (2002)(非特許文献10);Gilbert et al., "Biofilms In vitro and In vivo: Do Singular Mechanisms Imply Cross-Resistance?" J. Appl. Microbiol. Suppl. 98S-110S (2002)(非特許文献11))。詳細な分子的研究が出現したため、抗微生物薬に対するバイオフィルムの異常な抵抗性においてこれらの因子の各々が役割を果たすことが明白になりつつある。最初の処理は、通常、バイオフィルムマイクロコロニーの端部でのみ細菌を死滅させる効果を有する。これらのマイクロコロニー内深部の細菌は、抗生物質により影響を受けず、感染の継続的な蔓延のための巣を形成する。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが2〜15であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスター(biostere)である下記式:
を有する一つまたは複数の分散誘導剤を含む。組成物は、殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、ゲル、ポリマー、ペースト、食用製造物、および咀嚼可能製造物からなる群より選択される一つまたは複数の付加的な成分をさらに含有する。組成物は、表面上の、マトリックスおよび微生物を含む、微生物により産生されたバイオフィルムと接触した際に、分散誘導剤が微生物に選択的に作用し、バイオフィルムを分散させるためにマトリックスに対する直接の効果を必要とすることなく適当な生物学的応答を有するよう製剤化される。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが2〜15であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤が対象に施される。結果として、対象におけるバイオフィルムにより媒介される状態が、処置または防止される。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが2〜15であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤が表面に施される。結果として、表面におけるバイオフィルムの形成が、処理または阻害される。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸である下記式:
を有する分散誘導剤を含む溶液に関する。ここで、誘導剤は0.5重量パーセント未満の濃度で存在し、かつ溶液は5を超えるpHを有する。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸である
を含む分散誘導剤を含む。誘導剤は、非塩型で製剤化される。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤を0.5重量%未満の濃度で含む溶液、を提供する工程を含む方法に関する。次いで、コンタクトレンズが該溶液で処理される。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤を0.5重量%未満の濃度で含み、5を超えるpHを有する溶液、を提供する工程を含む方法に関する。次いで、皮膚状態が溶液で処置される。
[請求項1001]
表面上の、マトリックスおよび微生物を含む、微生物により産生されたバイオフィルムと接触した際に、分散誘導剤が微生物に選択的に作用し、バイオフィルムを破壊するためにマトリックスに対する直接の効果を必要とすることなく適当な生物学的応答を有するよう製剤化されている、以下を含む組成物:
式中、
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが2〜15であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスター(biostere)である
を含む一つまたは複数の分散誘導剤、ならびに
殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、ゲル、ポリマー、ペースト、食用製造物、および咀嚼可能製造物からなる群より選択される一つまたは複数の付加的な成分。
[請求項1002]
分散誘導剤が、
を含む、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1003]
分散誘導剤が、
を含む、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1004]
分散誘導剤が、
を含む、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1005]
Rが、
からなる群より選択される、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1006]
Rがホモセリンラクトン基またはフラノン基である、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1007]
分散誘導剤が1μM〜30mMの濃度で組成物中に存在する、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1008]
分散誘導剤がシス異性体である、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1009]
1.5〜4.5のpHを有する、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1010]
4.5〜8.0のpHを有する、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1011]
6.8〜7.4のpHを有する、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1012]
8.0〜9.8のpHを有する、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1013]
分散誘導剤が15個以下の炭素原子を有する、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1014]
歯磨剤または口腔洗浄剤である、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1015]
前記分散誘導剤が非殺菌性であるように製剤化されている、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1016]
分散誘導剤が0.5重量パーセント未満の濃度で組成物中に存在する、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1017]
実質的にエタノールを含まない、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1018]
実質的にホルムアルデヒドを含まない、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1019]
外科用接着剤を含む、請求項1001記載の組成物。
[請求項1020]
請求項1001記載の組成物でコーティングされた表面。
[請求項1021]
デンタルフロスである、請求項1020記載の表面。
[請求項1022]
コンタクトレンズである、請求項1020記載の表面。
[請求項1023]
骨移植片である、請求項1020記載の表面。
[請求項1024]
以下の工程を含む、対象におけるバイオフィルムにより媒介される状態を処置または防止する方法:
表面上の、マトリックスおよび微生物を含む、微生物により産生されたバイオフィルムにより媒介される状態を有する対象か、またはそのような状態に感受性の対象を提供する工程、ならびに
分散誘導剤が微生物に選択的に作用し、マトリックスに対する直接の効果を必要とすることなく適当な生物学的応答を有するために有効な条件の下で、式中、
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが2〜15であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤を対象に施し、それによって対象におけるバイオフィルムにより媒介される状態が処置または防止される工程。
[請求項1025]
前記分散誘導剤を施すことと併せて、殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、超音波処理、放射線処理、温熱処理、および機械的処理のうちの一つまたは複数からなる群より選択される抗微生物処理を対象に施す工程をさらに含む、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1026]
熱傷を有する対象が処置される、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1027]
歯垢、齲歯、歯肉疾患、および/または口腔感染を有する対象が処置される、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1028]
施す工程が、歯磨剤、口腔洗浄剤、デンタルフロス、ガム、ストリップ、またはブラシで実施される、請求項1027記載の方法。
[請求項1029]
皮膚上のざ瘡またはその他のバイオフィルム関連皮膚感染を有する対象が処置される、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1030]
慢性バイオフィルム関連疾患を有する対象が処置される、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1031]
慢性バイオフィルム関連疾患が、中耳感染、骨髄炎、前立腺炎、嚢胞性繊維症、大腸炎、腟炎、尿道炎、および胃潰瘍または十二指腸潰瘍からなる群より選択される、請求項1030記載の方法。
[請求項1032]
分散誘導剤が0.01μM〜30mMの濃度で施される、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1033]
分散誘導剤が1.5〜4.9のpHを有する組成物として施される、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1034]
分散誘導剤が4.5〜8.0のpHを有する組成物として施される、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1035]
組成物が6.8〜7.4のpHを有する、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1036]
組成物が8.0〜9.8のpHを有する、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1037]
分散誘導剤が15個以下の炭素原子を有する、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1038]
分散誘導剤がシス異性体である、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1039]
前記分散誘導剤が非殺菌性であるように製剤化された組成物として、分散誘導剤が施される、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1040]
分散誘導剤が0.5重量パーセント未満の濃度で施される、請求項1024記載の方法。
[請求項1041]
以下の工程を含む、表面上のバイオフィルムの形成を処理または阻害する方法:
表面上の、マトリックスおよび微生物を含む、微生物により産生されたバイオフィルムの形成を有する表面か、またはそのような形成に感受性の表面を提供する工程、ならびに
分散誘導剤が微生物に選択的に作用し、マトリックスに対する直接の効果を必要とすることなく適当な生物学的応答を有するために有効な条件の下で、式中、
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが2〜15であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤を表面に施し、それによって表面上のバイオフィルムの形成が処理または阻害される工程。
[請求項1042]
表面がコンタクトレンズである、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1043]
表面がカテーテル、人工呼吸器、および換気装置からなる群より選択される、留置医用装置である、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1044]
表面がステント、人工弁、ジョイント、縫合糸、ステープル、ペースメーカー、骨移植片、およびピンからなる群より選択される植え込み医用装置である、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1045]
表面が排水管、タブ、キッチン器具、調理台、シャワーカーテン、グラウト、トイレ、産業用食品飲料生産設備、床板、および食品加工機器からなる群より選択される、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1046]
表面が熱交換器表面またはフィルター表面である、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1047]
表面がボート、桟橋、油掘削プラットフォーム、取水ポート、シーブ、およびビューポートからなる群より選択される海洋構造物である、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1048]
表面が水の処理および/または分配のための系に関連している、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1049]
水の処理および/または分配のための系が、飲料水の処理および/または分配のための系、プールおよび温泉の水の処理のための系、製造作業における水の処理および/または分配のための系、ならびに歯科用水の処理および/または分配のための系からなる群より選択される、請求項1047記載の方法。
[請求項1050]
表面が石油の採掘、保管、分離、精製、分配のための系、および/または石油が抽出される多孔質媒体に関連している、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1051]
石油の採掘、保管、分離、および/または分配のための系が、石油分離トレーン、石油コンテナ、石油分配管、および石油採掘機器からなる群より選択される、請求項1049記載の方法。
[請求項1052]
分散誘導剤を施すことと併せて、殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、超音波処理、放射線処理、温熱処理、および機械的処理からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つの抗微生物処理を表面に施す工程をさらに含む、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1053]
分散誘導剤および抗微生物処理が同時に施される、請求項1052記載の方法。
[請求項1054]
分散誘導剤および抗微生物処理が別々に施される、請求項1052記載の方法。
[請求項1055]
分散誘導剤が表面に含浸されている、請求項1052記載の方法。
[請求項1056]
分散誘導剤が表面をコーティングするコポリマーまたはゲルに含まれて施される、請求項1052記載の方法。
[請求項1057]
分散誘導剤が0.01μM〜30mMの濃度で施される、請求項1052記載の方法。
[請求項1058]
組成物が1.5〜4.9のpHを有する組成物として施される、請求項1052記載の方法。
[請求項1059]
組成物が4.5〜8.0のpHを有する組成物として施される、請求項1058記載の方法。
[請求項1060]
組成物が6.8〜7.4のpHを有する、請求項1052記載の方法。
[請求項1061]
組成物が8.0〜9.8のpHを有する、請求項1052記載の方法。
[請求項1062]
分散誘導剤が15個以下の炭素原子を有する、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1063]
分散誘導剤がシス異性体である、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1064]
分散誘導剤が非殺菌性であるように製剤化された組成物として、分散誘導剤が施される、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1065]
分散誘導剤が0.5重量パーセント未満の濃度で施される、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1066]
表面が骨移植片である、請求項1041記載の方法。
[請求項1067]
式中、
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸である
を含む分散誘導剤を含み、5を超えるpHを有する溶液であって、該誘導剤が0.5重量パーセント未満の濃度で存在する溶液。
[請求項1068]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1067記載の溶液。
[請求項1069]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1067記載の溶液。
[請求項1070]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1067記載の溶液。
[請求項1071]
エタノールを含まない、請求項1067記載の溶液。
[請求項1072]
ホルムアルデヒドを含まない、請求項1067記載の溶液。
[請求項1073]
pHが実質的に中性である、請求項1067記載の溶液。
[請求項1074]
スキンクリーム、歯磨き剤、および口腔洗浄剤からなる群より選択される、請求項1067記載の溶液。
[請求項1075]
誘導剤が非塩型で製剤化されている、請求項1067記載の溶液。
[請求項1076]
殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、ゲル、ポリマー、ペースト、食用製造物、および咀嚼可能製造物からなる群の一つまたは複数より選択される成分をさらに含む、請求項1067記載の溶液。
[請求項1077]
殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、ゲル、ポリマー、ペースト、食用製造物、および咀嚼可能製造物からなる群の一つまたは複数より選択される成分、ならびに
式中、
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸である下記式:
を有する分散誘導剤
を含む組成物であって、該誘導剤が非塩型で製剤化されている組成物。
[請求項1078]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1077記載の組成物。
[請求項1079]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1077記載の組成物。
[請求項1080]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1077記載の組成物。
[請求項1081]
実質的にエタノールを含まない溶液中にある、請求項1077記載の組成物。
[請求項1082]
溶液が実質的にホルムアルデヒドも含まない、請求項1081記載の組成物。
[請求項1083]
溶液が実質的にpH中性である、請求項1081記載の組成物。
[請求項1084]
スキンクリーム、歯磨き剤、および口腔洗浄剤からなる群より選択される製剤中にある、請求項1077記載の組成物。
[請求項1085]
2-デセン酸のシス異性体を含む溶液であって、スキンクリーム、歯磨き剤、および口腔洗浄剤からなる群より選択され、かつ実質的に2-デセン酸のトランス異性体を含まない溶液。
[請求項1086]
2-デセン酸のシス異性体を含む溶液であって、スキンクリーム、歯磨き剤、および口腔洗浄剤からなる群より選択され、かつトランス異性体を含まない溶液。
[請求項1087]
以下の工程を含む方法:
(a)コンタクトレンズ、および、式中、
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤を0.5重量%未満の濃度で含む溶液、を提供する工程;ならびに
(b)該コンタクトレンズを該溶液で処理する工程。
[請求項1088]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1087記載の方法。
[請求項1089]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1087記載の方法。
[請求項1090]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1087記載の方法。
[請求項1091]
溶液が実質的にエタノールを含まない、請求項1087記載の方法。
[請求項1092]
溶液が実質的にホルムアルデヒドを含まない、請求項1087記載の方法。
[請求項1093]
溶液のpHが実質的に中性である、請求項1087記載の方法。
[請求項1094]
コンタクトレンズが前記溶液中に保存される、請求項1087記載の方法。
[請求項1095]
誘導剤が非塩型で製剤化される、請求項1087記載の方法。
[請求項1096]
溶液が殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、および毒性因子阻害剤からなる群より選択される成分を少なくとも一つさらに含む、請求項1087記載の方法。
[請求項1097]
以下の工程を含む方法:
(a)ある皮膚状態を有する対象、および、式中、
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであって、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤を0.5重量%未満の濃度で含み、5を超えるpHを有する溶液を提供する工程;ならびに
(b)該皮膚状態を該溶液で処置する工程。
[請求項1098]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1097記載の方法。
[請求項1099]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1095記載の方法。
[請求項1100]
分散誘導剤が
を含む、請求項1097記載の方法。
[請求項1101]
溶液が実質的にエタノールを含まない、請求項1097記載の方法。
[請求項1102]
溶液が実質的にホルムアルデヒドを含まない、請求項1097記載の方法。
[請求項1103]
溶液のpHが実質的に中性である、請求項1097記載の方法。
[請求項1104]
溶液がクリームとして製剤化される、請求項1097記載の方法。
[請求項1105]
誘導剤が非塩型で製剤化される、請求項1097記載の方法。
[請求項1106]
溶液が殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、および毒性因子阻害剤からなる群より選択される成分を少なくとも一つさらに含む、請求項1097記載の方法。
[請求項1107]
表面上の、マトリックスおよび微生物を含む、微生物により産生されたバイオフィルムと接触した際に、分散誘導剤が微生物に選択的に作用し、マトリックスを破壊するためにマトリックスに対する直接の効果を必要とすることなく適当な生物学的応答を有するよう製剤化されている、
一つまたは複数の分散誘導剤、ならびに
殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、ゲル、ポリマー、ペースト、食用製造物、および咀嚼可能製造物からなる群より選択される一つまたは複数の付加的な成分
を含む組成物。
[請求項1108]
以下の工程を含む、対象におけるバイオフィルムにより媒介される状態を処置または防止する方法:
表面上の、マトリックスおよび微生物を含む、微生物により産生されたバイオフィルムにより媒介される状態を有する対象か、またはそのような状態に感受性の対象を提供する工程、および
分散誘導剤が微生物に選択的に作用し、マトリックスに対する直接の効果を必要とすることなく適当な生物学的応答を有するために有効な条件の下で、分散誘導剤を対象に施し、それにより対象におけるバイオフィルムにより媒介される状態が処置または防止される工程。
[請求項1109]
以下の工程を含む、表面上のバイオフィルムの形成を処理または阻害する方法:
表面上の、マトリックスおよび微生物を含む、微生物により産生されたバイオフィルムの形成を有する表面か、またはそのような形成に感受性の表面を提供する工程、および
分散誘導剤が微生物に選択的に作用し、マトリックスに対する直接の効果を必要とすることなく適当な生物学的応答を有するために有効な条件の下で、分散誘導剤を表面に施し、それにより表面上のバイオフィルムの形成が処理または阻害される工程。
本発明の一つの局面は組成物に関する。組成物は、式中、
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが2〜15であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む一つまたは複数の分散誘導剤を含む。組成物は、殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、ゲル、ポリマー、ペースト、食用製造物、および咀嚼可能製造物からなる群より選択される一つまたは複数の付加的な成分をさらに含有する。組成物は、表面上の、マトリックスおよび微生物を含む、微生物により産生されたバイオフィルムと接触した際に、分散誘導剤が微生物に選択的に作用し、バイオフィルムを分散させるためにマトリックスに対する直接の効果を必要とすることなく適当な生物学的応答を有するよう製剤化される。この結果の達成において、本発明の分散誘導剤は、好ましくは、マトリックスに直接作用してもよい。または、分散誘導剤が微生物に作用し、次に、微生物がマトリックスを破壊するよう作用してもよい。この効果は、マトリックスに対する直接の効果に頼らないことも含み得る。典型的には、バイオフィルム誘導剤は、直接マトリックスに対する効果を有しないか、またはマトリックスに対する直接の効果が明白でない濃度で存在しているであろう。他方、有効濃度の範囲は、分散誘導剤が細胞間コミュニケーション組成物を模倣する、微生物における生化学的応答機序を示唆している。組成物は、細菌による分散応答を誘導するよう作用し、次に、それが、バイオフィルムからの細菌の放出を担う。さらに、組成物は、バイオフィルム内にない細菌(浮遊性細菌)に作用して、これらの細菌が、バイオフィルムの形成を防止する生理学的応答を開始することを誘導することができる。組成物の追加の成分は、表面または基質からのマトリックスの破壊または除去を目的とする。例えば、組成物には、研磨により歯からプラークを除去するのに適した歯磨剤が含まれ得る。
からなる群より選択され得る。または、Rはホモセリンラクトン基またはフラノン基であり得る。組成物は、殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、ゲル、ポリマー、ペースト、食用製造物、および咀嚼可能製造物のうちの一つまたは複数のような付加的な成分も含む。
を含むことはより好ましい。この分散誘導剤の適当な非塩型は、以下のそれぞれのシス異性体およびトランス異性体:
である。これらのうち、シス異性体が好ましい。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが2〜15であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤が対象に施される。結果として、対象におけるバイオフィルムにより媒介される状態が処置または防止される。バイオフィルムを分散させる方法は、分散誘導剤を施すことと併せて、抗微生物処理をバイオフィルムに施す工程をさらに含んでいてもよい。処理は、殺生物剤(例えば、過酸化水素)、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、ゲル、ポリマー、ペースト、食用製造物、咀嚼可能製造物、超音波処理、放射線処理、温熱処理、および/または機械的処理を施すことであり得る。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが2〜15であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤が表面に施される。結果として、表面におけるバイオフィルムの形成が処理または阻害される。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸である
を含む分散誘導剤を含む溶液に関する。ここで、誘導剤は0.5重量パーセント未満の濃度で存在し、溶液は5を超えるpHを有する。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸である
を含む分散誘導剤を含む。誘導剤は非塩型で製剤化される。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤を0.5重量%未満の濃度で含む溶液、を提供する工程を含む方法に関する。次いで、コンタクトレンズが該溶液で処理される。
が一重または二重の炭素間結合であり、mが1または2であり、nが4〜7であり、かつRがカルボン酸、塩、エステル、またはアミドであり、ここでエステルまたはアミドはカルボン酸のアイソスターまたはバイオスターである
を含む分散誘導剤を0.5重量%未満の濃度で含み、5を超えるpHを有する溶液を提供する工程、を含む方法に関する。次いで、皮膚状態が溶液で処置される。
以下の実施例は、本発明の態様を例示するために提供され、その範囲を制限することを目的としたものでは決してない。
この研究において使用された微生物には、B. H. Hollowayからのシュードモナス・アエルギノサPAO1、大腸菌(Escherichia coli)(ATCC 10798)、プロテウス・ミラビリス(Proteus mirabilis)(ATCC 25933)、クレブシエラ・ニューモニエ(Klebsiella pneumoniae)(ATCC 10273)、スタフィロコッカス・アウレウス(ATCC 12602)、ストレプトコッカス・ピオゲネス(pyogenes)(ATCC 19615)、バチルス・ズブチリス(Bacillus subtilis)(ATCC 6633)、およびカンジダ・アルビカンス(Candida albicans)(ATCC 20260)、ならびに空気中の雑菌混入を介してR2Aプレート上に収集された不定混合物の培養物が含まれていた。示された場合以外は、全ての実験が、0.2%グルコースが補足された、0.005%硝酸アンモニウム、0.00019%KH2PO4、0.00063%K2HPO4(pH7.0)、および0.001%Hutner塩を含有している修飾EPRI培地(Cohen-Bazire et al., J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 49:35 (1957)は参照により本明細書にその全体が組み入れられる)において実施された。C.アルビカンスは、0.2%グルコースおよび0.1%ペプトンが補足された修飾EPRI培地において培養された。K.ニューモニエ、P.ミラビリス、S.アウレウス、およびB.ズブチリスは、0.1%ペプトンが補足された修飾EPRI培地において培養された。S.ピオゲネスは、10%ブレインハートインフュージョンブロスにおいて培養された。
無細胞消費培養培地を調製するため、30℃で修飾EPRI培地で培養されたP.アエルギノサPAO1の一夜培養物6mLを、4リットルの修飾EPRI培地へ接種し、連続的に攪拌しながら室温で10日間インキュベートした。細菌細胞を、4℃で15分間13,000×gでの遠心分離(Sorvall RC 5B Plus Centrifuge, GSA Rotor;Thermo Electron Co., Ashville, NC)により沈降させた。上清を取り、真空下で0.45μm Millipore Type HAフィルター(Millipore. Co., Billerica, MA)で濾過し、続いて、0.2μm Acrodisc 32mmシリンジフィルター(PALL Co., East Hills, NY)でろ過した。消費培地は、4℃で保存された。
分液漏斗において、ろ過された消費培地250mLにクロロホルム80mLを添加することにより、消費培地の有機成分を抽出した。1時間の分離時間の後にクロロホルム画分を除去した。クロロホルムを、Rotavapor R-3000ロータリーエバポレーター(Buchi Laboratories, Flawil, Switzerland)を使用して、40℃で蒸発させ、残存する有機材料を、ろ過されたナノピュア水6mLに再懸濁させ、Speed-Vacエバポレーターシステム(Savant Instruments, Inc., Hicksville, NY)を使用して乾燥状態にまで蒸発させるか、または凍結乾燥させた。次いで、これらの試料を培養培地または精製水に再懸濁させた。最終生成物はクロロホルム抽出消費培地(CSM)と呼ばれる。示された場合を除き、CSMは、消費培地に見出されるより125倍高い最終クロロホルム抽出有機炭素濃度で、実験において使用された。
CSMを、C18 Microsorb-mv逆相カラム(Varian Inc.)(寸法250×4.6mm)を使用した高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)(Varian Prostar model 320, Varian Inc., Palo Alto, CA)により分画した。カラムに100μLのCSMを負荷し、29分間、1mL/分の流速でアセトニトリル/水勾配(2〜75%)で溶出させた。2分目から開始して1分毎に試料を収集した。HPLC画分をプールし、Speed Vac濃縮装置(Savant Instruments, Inc., Hicksville, NY)で濃縮し、修飾EPRI培地または精製水0.5mLに再懸濁させた。活性HPLC画分は、70%アセトニトリル/30%水においてカラムから溶出することが見出された。各HPLC分離の活性画分を、マイクロタイタープレート分散バイオアッセイにより決定した。
バイオフィルム分散を外因的に誘導する能力について、様々な調製物を試験するため、マイクロタイタープレート分散バイオアッセイを使用した。ネイティブの分散誘導因子の蓄積を低下させるため、各ウェル内の培地を定期的に交換する半回分培養法を使用して、マイクロタイタープレートウェルの内表面上でバイオフィルムを培養した。バルク液体へ細胞を放出させ、光学密度を測定することにより分散した細胞の数を評価するため、このようにして培養されたバイオフィルムを、分散誘導剤または無菌培地により処理した。簡単に説明すると、微生物細胞の接着のための粗表面を作出するため、無菌のポリスチレン96穴プレートを10秒間アセトンによりエッチングした。24時間の乾燥の後、予め増殖培地で1:20に希釈された、試験生物を含有している一夜培養物150μL/ウェルを、プレートに接種し、200rpmで振とうしながら30℃でインキュベートした。ウェル中の培地を、5日間は24時間毎に、6日目および7日目は12時間毎に交換した。次いで、7時間後に培地を交換した。30℃で1時間、分散誘導剤を含有している増殖培地150μLを添加することにより、または対照として無菌培地を添加することにより、分散誘導を試験した。次いで、分散した細胞を含有している培地を、エッチングされていないマイクロタイタープレートにピペットにより移し、光学密度(OD570)を決定した(ELx808 Absorbance Microplate Reader;BioTek Instruments, Inc., Winooski, VT)。処理は、様々な濃度の消費培地、CSM、シス-2-デセン酸、トランス-デセン酸、デカン酸、およびDSFからなっていた。エタノール(10%)を脂肪酸誘導剤試料のための担体として使用したところ、分散に対する影響を有していないことが決定された。この方法の使用からの結果は、異なる処理の比較を行い、分散活性が統計的に有意であるか否かを決定するために有意義である。注:半回分系においては、対照試料および試験試料が、外因性の誘導の活性が測定される天然の分散に感受性であるため、マイクロタイタープレート分散バイオアッセイは、誘導された分散応答の絶対的な大きさを決定するためには適当でなかった。効率の研究は、全て、バイオフィルムチューブリアクターまたはフローセル連続培養系を使用して実施され、全細胞数および生細胞数の両方に基づいていた。
P.アエルギノサPAO1バイオフィルム培養物を、Sauerらにより以前に記載されたようなチューブリアクターで培養した(参照により本明細書にその全体が組み入れられるK. Sauer, et al., J. Bacteriol. 184: 1140 (2002))。追加のシリコン管を介して8ローラーヘッド蠕動ポンプおよび培地リザーバに接続された8本のシリコンリアクターチューブ(長さ81.5cm×ID 14mm)を使用して、連続貫通チューブリアクター系を構成した。培地は、管を通して、閉鎖された流出培地リザーバにポンプで送り込まれた。組み立てられた系を、接種前にオートクレーブ処理することにより、滅菌した。P.アエルギノサの一夜培養物2mL(およそ1×108CFU/mLを含有している)を、各リアクターチューブから1cm上流の隔壁を通して、注射器注入により、シリコンチューブに接種した。細菌細胞を、1時間、管に接着させ(静止インキュベーション)、その後、10.8mL/hrの溶出速度で流動を開始させた。96時間のP.アエルギノサPAO1バイオフィルム培養の後、処理を実施した。連続条件および静止条件の下で処理を実施した。
ガラス基底に接着したバイオフィルムの増殖および発達を観察するために、連続培養貫通フローセルを構成した。フローセルは、カバーガラスにより蓋をされた1.0mm×1.4cm×4.0cmのチャンバーを含有しているアルミニウムから構築されていた。無菌修飾EPRI培地を、0.13mL/分の流速で、Masterflex 8ローラーヘッド蠕動ポンプを使用して、10リットルのベッセルからシリコン管を通してフローセルにポンプで送り込んだ。チャンバー内の流れは、層流であり、0.17のレイノルズ数を有し、4.3分の液体滞留時間を有していた。フローセルを去る培地は、シリコン管を介して、流出液リザーバに排出された。系全体は外部環境に対して閉鎖されていたが、各ベッセルに取り付けられた孔径0.2μmの気体透過性フィルターにより大気圧と平衡に維持されていた。対数期のP.アエルギノサ(およそ108CFU/mL)を、流動条件下で、フローセルから4cm上流の隔壁を通して3.0mLのスラグ(slug)用量として接種した。カバーガラスの内表面に接着した細胞を、Olympus BX60顕微鏡および100×拡大率A100PL対物レンズまたは50×拡大率ULWD MSPlan長作動距離Olympus対物レンズを使用して、透過光またはepi-UVの照射により観察した。全ての画像を、Magnafire冷却3チップ電荷結合素子(CCD)カメラ(Optronics Inc., Galena, CA)を使用して取得し、その後の回収および分析のため別々のディジタルファイルとして保存した。P.アエルギノサは、最長12日間フローセルで培養された。本出願人の以前の研究は、P.アエルギノサが7〜9日の連続培養期間の後、定常状態バイオフィルムを発達させることを示した。定常状態とは、剥離したバイオフィルム細胞に起因する流出液中の細胞数(CFU)の無変化により定義され;定常状態において、バイオフィルムの増殖は、分散または剥離を通した細胞の喪失と釣り合っている。各実験の過程において個々の細胞クラスタを調査し、グリッド座標を割り当て、実験の過程において定期的に再調査した。ランダムに選択された顕微鏡ステージ座標に最も近いクラスタを突き止めることにより、ランダムな細胞クラスタのサイズ測定を行った。クラスタの基底から頂端まで焦点を合わせることにより、高さを決定し、ステージミクロメーターを使用した細胞クラスタの底部における測定により、厚みを決定するため、各細胞クラスタを測定した。細胞クラスタとは、基底に接着し、運動性を欠く菌体外多糖マトリックス内に埋め込まれた細胞と定義され;細胞クラスタ内の空隙区域は、細胞クラスタ内の空間において自由に遊泳する細菌の観察により決定された。
ガラス基底の表面上で細菌を培養するためにフローセルを使用した(上記)。P.アエルギノサのバイオフィルムを、修飾EPRI培地中の(消費培地中に見出されるクロロホルム抽出有機材料の濃度と一致するよう1:125に希釈された)CSMの存在下および非存在下で、99時間にわたり室温で培養した。実験の過程において、各時点について、50×ULWD MSPlan対物レンズを使用して20個の顕微鏡視野を計数することにより、表面上の細菌の全細胞被覆度および平均バイオフィルム厚を決定した。画像分析ソフトウェアImagePro Plusを使用して、1cm2当たりの全細胞面積を、72時間目および99時間目に決定した。厚みは、増殖の72時間目および99時間目に、20個のランダムな細胞クラスタの平均最大高さを測定することにより決定された。対照試料は、CSM無添加の修飾EPRI培地の存在下で培養され試験された。これらの実験からの結果は、EPRI培地単独で培養されたバイオフィルムと比較して、CSMの存在下でバイオフィルムが培養された場合、増殖するバイオフィルムの表面積被覆度が有意に低下することを示した。CSMの添加は、CSMにより処理されていない試料と比較して、99時間の増殖の後の平均バイオフィルム細胞クラスタ厚の有意な低下も引き起こした(図18)。
精製水で調製された全てのCSM試料を、各分光分析のため、凍結乾燥させ、適切な担体に再懸濁させた。全ての実験におけるCSM対照は、マイクロタイタープレート分散バイオアッセイにより決定されたように分散を誘導しないCSM HPLC生成物、およびCSMを含有していない担体溶液からなっていた。
試料を担体溶液(50%水、50%メタノール、および0.01%ギ酸)に再懸濁させた。高性能ハイブリッド四極子飛行時間型質量分析計QSTAR(登録商標)XL Hybrid LC/MS/MS System(Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA)を使用して、API 150EX(商標)、API 3000(商標)、およびQSTAR(商標)Systems(Applied Biosystems)のためのIonSpray源を用いて、室温において、陽イオンモードで、質量分析を実施した。Analyst QSバージョン1.1を使用してデータを分析した。
CSMおよびシス-2-デセン酸の試料を、重水素化アセトニトリル1mLに再懸濁させ、薄壁NMRサンプルチューブ(VWR)に挿入した。300 MHz Proton NMR-Bruker AC 300(Bruker Daltonics Inc., Vilarica, MA, USA)において分析を実施した。24時間スペクトルを蓄積させた。
CSM、および0.01mg/mL〜10mg/mLの濃度のシス-2-デセン酸の試料を、アセトニトリル2mLに再懸濁させた。3工程連続のヘキサン抽出を、可溶性の有機試料材料を除去するために実施した。ヘキサンを水浴(55〜70℃)中で乾燥状態にまで蒸発させた。続いて、プリジン(Puridine)(250μL)をGCへの注入のため試料を可溶化するために添加した。1mL/分の流速で、担体としてヘリウムを使用し、Restek(Columbia、MD)XTI-5 GCカラム(30m、0.25 mm i.d.、0.25 μmフィルム厚)を使用して、Shimadzu QP5050A GC-MSシステムを用いて、スペクトルを入手した。全ての分析に、スプリットレスインジェクションおよび電子衝撃イオン化を組み入れた。GCとMSとの間の界面温度は310℃に維持した。プログラムLab Solutions, GCMS solutionバージョン1.2を使用してデータを分析した。
各試料に添加するべきKBrの量を決定するために、CSMおよびシス-2-デセン酸の試料を凍結乾燥の前後に計量した。KBrを試料重量の10倍で添加し、乳鉢および乳棒を使用して混合した。得られた粉末を、Carver 4350 Manual Pellet Press(Carver Inc., Wabash, IN, USA)を使用して、ペレットへと成形した。10分間10トンの圧力を適用した。1cm-1の分解能で、3500cm-1〜400cm-1の範囲で、室温でBruker Equinox 55 FT-IR分光計を使用してIRスペクトルを入手した。最終的なスペクトルは、128回のスキャンの平均値を表す。各試料をトリプリケートで測定した。
図1Aは、バイオフィルム細菌が抗生物質の添加に対して抵抗性であり、殺生物剤およびその他の抗微生物処理について類似した抵抗性が示される様子を模式的に例示している。図1Bは、抗生物質に加えて分散誘導剤が添加された場合、分散した細菌が抵抗性を失い、抗生物質に対して感受性になることを例示している。
図2は、シュードモナス・アエルギノサ培養物に由来する本発明に係る分散誘導化合物により処理された実際のバイオフィルム試料を示す。この実験においては、貫流フローセルを使用して6日間P.アエルギノサを培養した後、CSMを添加して試験した。
正常なバイオフィルム発達の過程において、バイオフィルム細菌は、成熟II段階の最後に、主にバイオフィルム型であった生理学が、主に浮遊型へと変化する、表現型の切り替えを受ける(図3)。分散期の過程におけるバイオフィルムの微視的観察は、細胞クラスタ内の細菌が運動性になるが(成熟期P.アエルギノサは非運動性である)、その一方でクラスタの端部周辺の細菌は固定されたままであることを証明した。細菌が泳ぐ/微動することができる細胞クラスタの領域は、(通常)中心の位置から容量が増大し、最終的には、クラスタ壁に破損箇所が作成される。細菌はこの破損箇所を通って泳ぎ、バルク液体相に入り、細胞クラスタ内に空隙を残すことができる。
図4は、72時間の培地停滞の後の細胞の剥離を示す位相差顕微鏡写真の時系列を示す。上記実施例3に記載された方法に従って、フローセルにP.アエルギノサPAO1を接種し、3日間にわたり培養した。これらのバイオフィルムの培養のために3日を選んだのは、連続流の下で、P.アエルギノサのバイオフィルム内の細胞クラスタが、9日のインキュベーションの後、自発的な分散事象を受けることが観察された観察に基づいていた。連続流の下での72日の培養の後、培地の流れを中止し、96時間にわたり2時間毎に細胞クラスタの画像を記録した。72時間の培地停滞の後、フローセル内の細胞クラスタは脱凝集し、細胞が浮遊性細菌としてバルク液体培地に入るのが観察された(図4)。これらの実験は、流れの中断が、バイオフィルムの分散応答を誘導することを証明した。これらの実験において、分散は、細胞クラスタ内のみならず、バイオフィルム中の全クラスタの至る所で起こった。図4に例示されるように、基底に直接接着した細胞のみが、バルク液体へ泳ぐのが観察されなかった。
分散誘導活性を有する消費培養培地の活性画分を抽出する信頼性のある方法を開発するために、様々な増殖および抽出の手法を試験した。クロロホルムは、(質量分析法により決定されたように)狭い範囲の抽出可能な有機化合物をもたらし、生理活性を有する量の分散誘導剤を回収することができたため、HPLC分画手法との適合性のためにクロロホルムを最良の抽出溶媒として選んだ。消費培地のクロロホルム抽出のため現在使用された方法は、以下の通りである:P.アエルギノサPAO1の細菌培養物を、連続的に攪拌しながら、室温で、6日間、回分培養ベッセルで、(乳酸ナトリウム0.05g/l、コハク酸ナトリウム0.05g/l、硝酸アンモニウム50.381g/l、KH2PO4 0.19g/l、K2HPO4 0.63g/l、Hutner塩金属溶液1ml、およびグルコース2.0g/lを含有している)EPRI培地4リットルにおいて培養した。増殖後、10,000×gでの20分間の遠心分離、それに続く孔径0.22μmのフィルターによる消費培地の濾過により、培養培地から細菌を除去した。バッチ内で、ろ過された消費培地250mlを分液漏斗中でクロロホルム80mlと混合した。10分の分離時間の後、クロロホルム画分を除去した。次いで、クロロホルム試料を、rotavapor R-3000(Biichi Laboratories, Flawil, Switzerland)を使用して70℃で乾燥状態にまで蒸発させ、ろ過されたナノピュア水またはEPRI培地6mLに再懸濁させた。クロロホルム抽出手法から得られた最終生成物を、ここで、濃縮消費培地またはCSMと呼ぶ。図15は、バイオフィルムチューブリアクターで培養された連続培養バイオフィルムに対するCSMおよび消費培地の効果を比較する結果を示す。1リットル当たり2.0グラムのグルコースが補足されたEPRI培地において9日間22℃で培養されたP.アエルギノサPAO1の培養物から、以前に記載されたようにしてCSMおよび消費培地を調製した。P.アエルギノサPAO1のバイオフィルムを、32cm二酸化シリコンMasterflexサイズ14管からなるバイオフィルムチューブリアクターにおいて22℃で6日間培養した。6日間の終了時、1リットル当たり2.0グラムのグルコースが各々補足されたCSM、消費培地、または無菌EPRI培地6mLをチューブに添加した。20分間にわたり、チューブから流出液を収集し、各処理についてプールした。プールされた試料を、各処理から分散した相対細胞数を決定するために570nmにおける光学密度についてアッセイした。各実験を五つのレプリケートを用いて実施した。これらの実験からの結果は、クロロホルム抽出された消費培養培地CSMが、消費培地と比較して、P.アエルギノサのバイオフィルムを分散させる、より大きな活性を示したことを証明した。
Claims (17)
- 表面上の、マトリックスおよび微生物を含む、微生物により産生されたバイオフィルムと接触した際に、分散誘導剤が微生物に選択的に作用して、バイオフィルムを破壊するためのマトリックスに対する直接の効果を必要とすることなく適当な生物学的応答を有する、以下を含む組成物であり、薬学的に許容される製剤として製剤化される組成物でコーティングされた、デンタルフロス、コンタクトレンズ、または骨移植片の表面:
シス-2-デセン酸を含む一つまたは複数の分散誘導剤、ならびに
殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、ゲル、ポリマー、ペースト、食用製造物、および咀嚼可能製造物からなる群より選択される一つまたは複数の付加的な成分。 - シス-2-デセン酸を含む分散誘導剤を含む組成物であって、以下の工程を含む、対象におけるバイオフィルムにより媒介される状態を処置または防止する方法に使用される組成物:
表面上の、マトリックスおよび微生物を含む、微生物により産生されたバイオフィルムにより媒介される状態を有する対象か、またはそのような状態に感受性の対象を提供する工程、ならびに
分散誘導剤が微生物に選択的に作用し、マトリックスに対する直接の効果を必要とすることなく適当な生物学的応答を有するために有効な条件の下で、シス-2-デセン酸を含む分散誘導剤を対象に施し、それによって対象におけるバイオフィルムにより媒介される状態が処置または防止される工程。 - 対象が、
熱傷を有する対象であるか、
歯磨剤、口腔洗浄剤、デンタルフロス、ガム、ストリップ、またはブラシで実施されることを施す工程によって処置される、歯垢、齲歯、歯肉疾患、および/または口腔感染を有する対象であるか、
皮膚上のざ瘡またはその他のバイオフィルム関連皮膚感染を有する対象であるか、あるいは、
中耳感染、骨髄炎、前立腺炎、嚢胞性繊維症、大腸炎、腟炎、尿道炎、および胃潰瘍または十二指腸潰瘍からなる群より選択される慢性バイオフィルム関連疾患を有する対象である、請求項2記載の組成物。 - シス-2-デセン酸を含む分散誘導剤を含む組成物であって、以下の工程を含む、表面上のバイオフィルムの形成を処理または阻害する方法に使用される組成物:
表面上の、マトリックスおよび微生物を含む、微生物により産生されたバイオフィルムの形成を有する表面か、またはそのような形成に感受性の表面を提供する工程、ならびに
分散誘導剤が微生物に選択的に作用し、マトリックスに対する直接の効果を必要とすることなく適当な生物学的応答を有するために有効な条件の下で、シス-2-デセン酸を含む分散誘導剤を表面に施し、それによって表面上のバイオフィルムの形成が処理または阻害される工程。 - 表面が、
コンタクトレンズの表面であるか、
カテーテル、人工呼吸器、および換気装置からなる群より選択される、留置医用装置の表面であるか、または
ステント、人工弁、ジョイント、縫合糸、ステープル、ペースメーカー、骨移植片、およびピンからなる群より選択される植え込み医用装置の表面である、請求項4記載の組成物。 - 表面が、
排水管、タブ、キッチン器具、調理台、シャワーカーテン、グラウト、トイレ、産業用食品飲料生産設備、床板、または食品加工機器の表面;
熱交換器表面またはフィルター表面;
ボート、桟橋、油掘削プラットフォーム、取水ポート、シーブ、およびビューポートからなる群より選択される海洋構造物の表面;
水の処理および/または分配のための系に関連している表面であって、水の処理および/または分配のための系が、飲料水の処理および/または分配のための系、プールおよび温泉の水の処理のための系、製造作業における水の処理および/または分配のための系、ならびに歯科用水の処理および/または分配のための系からなる群より選択される、表面;あるいは、
石油の採掘、保管、分離、精製、分配のための系、および/または石油が抽出される多孔質媒体に関連している表面であって、石油の採掘、保管、分離、および/または分配のための系が、石油分離トレーン、石油コンテナ、石油分配管、および石油採掘機器からなる群より選択される、表面
からなる群より選択される、請求項4記載の組成物。 - 方法が、分散誘導剤を施すことと併せて、殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、毒性因子阻害剤、超音波処理、放射線処理、温熱処理、および機械的処理からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つの抗微生物処理を表面に施す工程をさらに含む、請求項2〜6のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 分散誘導剤が、
表面に施すことで表面に含浸されるか、または
表面をコーティングするコポリマーまたはゲルに含まれる、
請求項7記載の組成物。 - 分散誘導剤が0.01μM〜30mMの濃度で含まれる、請求項2〜8のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 組成物が1.5〜4.9、4.5〜8.0、6.8〜7.4、または8.0〜9.8のpHを有する、請求項2〜9のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 分散誘導剤が非殺菌性であるように製剤化されている、請求項2〜10のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 分散誘導剤が0.5重量パーセント未満の濃度で組成物中に存在する、請求項2〜11のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- コンタクトレンズの処理用の溶液であって、シス-2-デセン酸を含む分散誘導剤を0.5重量%未満の濃度で含む溶液。
- 皮膚上のざ瘡またはその他のバイオフィルム関連皮膚感染を有する対象における皮膚状態の処置用の溶液であって、シス-2-デセン酸を含む分散誘導剤を0.5重量%未満の濃度で含み、5を超えるpHを有する溶液。
- エタノールを含まない、またはホルムアルデヒドを含まない溶液を使用する、請求項13または14記載の溶液。
- 溶液が中性のpHを有する、請求項13〜15のいずれか一項記載の溶液。
- 溶液が殺生物剤、界面活性物質、抗生物質、防腐剤、界面活性剤、キレート化剤、および毒性因子阻害剤からなる群より選択される成分を少なくとも一つさらに含む、請求項13〜16のいずれか一項記載の溶液。
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WO2008143889A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
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CN101801521A (zh) | 2010-08-11 |
JP2010529952A (ja) | 2010-09-02 |
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