JP5022350B2 - Method for distinguishing ballast filler material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a discrimination method for discriminating asphalt filler in a ballast.

  Although PCB has been widely used as an insulating oil for transformers, capacitors, and the like, it is necessary to treat PCB due to its strong toxicity. For this reason, various decomposition methods for detoxifying the PCB have been proposed (see Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3).

Here, the PCB detoxification apparatus processes only PCB, but the PCB contaminated container from which one PCB is extracted is subjected to a cleaning process with a cleaning liquid such as an organic solvent or a surfactant, and the container is harmless. (Patent Document 4).
In addition, isopropyl alcohol (hereinafter also referred to as “IPA”) is used as an alcohol cleaning agent to remove PCBs from paper elements such as fluorescent lamp ballasts, transformers, condensers, etc., and the IPA containing the removed PCB is water. It was previously proposed to decompose PCB with a thermal decomposition processing apparatus (Patent Document 5).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-253895 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-253796 JP 2000-126588 A JP 2002-248455 A JP 2005-21830 A

However, depending on the type of filler (asphalt) in the ballast, it may cause a decrease in processing capacity and mechanical capacity in the processing step after crushing.
In particular, when asphalt, which is a stabilizer filler, flows to the subsequent process, depending on the degree of contamination, the cleaning liquid becomes seriously contaminated, and some cleaning liquid cannot be reused. There is also the problem of being bulky.

  In addition, if the asphalt type ballast accidentally flows to the subsequent process, the asphalt easily dissolves in the solvent used for cleaning, and further vaporizes in a vacuum heating furnace to process gas components. Problems such as contamination and blockage. When such a blockage occurs, the entire PCB processing facility is stopped, which causes a problem that the PCB processing is delayed.

  For this reason, ballast fillers are judged by human naval tactics according to the date of manufacture and model, but when dirt or labels are peeled off, various types of ballasts are instantly selected, If there is an omission in judgment, the processing capacity will be reduced. Therefore, it is desired to construct a discrimination method that can reliably exclude the asphalt ballast from the processing target.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a ballast filler material discrimination method that can reliably determine an asphalt filler from a ballast filler.

  A first invention of the present invention for solving the above-described problem is a method for determining a material of a filler in a ballast that includes a transformer and a capacitor including a PCB using the filler. Is characterized by oscillating ultrasonic waves using an ultrasonic probe from the side surface and determining whether the filler inside the ballast is an asphalt material according to the strength of the echo intensity. It is in the material discrimination method of the container filler.

  According to a second invention, in the first invention, the use of a needle-like probe from the side of the ballast, whether or not the internal filler is an asphalt-type filler depending on the degree of insertion. In the material discrimination method for the ballast filler.

  According to the present invention, since the ultrasonic probe is used from the side of the ballast and it is determined whether or not the filler inside the ballast is an asphalt material, the asphalt ballast is surely excluded from the processing target. can do.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art or those that are substantially the same.

A material discrimination method for a ballast filler according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which an ultrasonic probe that performs material discrimination of a ballast filler according to the first embodiment is installed. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the result of echo intensity measurement.
As shown in FIG. 1, the material determination method of the ballast filler according to the present embodiment is the material of the filler of the ballast 14 including the transformer 12 and the capacitor 13 including the PCB using the filler 11. This is a determination method, in which an ultrasonic probe 15 is used from the side of the ballast 14 to determine whether or not the filler inside the ballast is an asphalt material.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 16 denotes grease applied to the side surface of the ballast 14, and 17a and 17b are wire connections.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the ultrasonic probe 15 is brought into contact with the side surface of the ballast 14 via grease 16 and is provided inside the ultrasonic probe 15. An ultrasonic wave is oscillated from the transmitting vibrator, an echo at that time is received, and the strength of the echo intensity is measured.

  The harder the filler material, the faster the echo intensity, whereas the softer the material, the slower the echo intensity. Here, the sound speed of the ultrasonic wave is not particularly limited, but is set to, for example, 5000 m / s.

FIG. 2 shows the echo intensity measurement results of the asphalt ballast 14A and the resin ballast 14B. In FIG. 2, times T _{0 to} T ₄ correspond to points where the echo passes through the ballast shown in FIG.
Here, the asphalt-based filler used in the asphalt-type ballast 14A is in a viscous state at room temperature, and is filled in the ballast in that state.
Therefore, since the asphalt filler is flexible, the echo intensity is weak (low) as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, the resin filler used in the resin type ballast 14B is, for example, a polyester resin and sand mixed at a ratio of 4: 6, and is fluid (eg, in a water tank state) at room temperature. After filling the inside, it is cured after a predetermined period.
Therefore, since the resin filler is hard, the echo intensity is strong (high) as shown in FIG.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 2, it has been found that the type of filler material can be determined by determining whether the echo intensity from the ultrasound probe 15 is hard or soft.

  Therefore, the threshold value of the echo intensity is set, and it can be determined whether the resin-based filler or the asphalt-based filler is greater than or less than the threshold.

A material discrimination method for a ballast filler according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIGS. 3A to 3C are explanatory diagrams for determining the material of the ballast filler according to the second embodiment.
As shown in FIGS. 3-1 to 3-3, the ballast filler material discrimination method according to the present embodiment includes a transformer 12 and a capacitor 13 including a PCB using a filler 11. 14 is a method of discriminating the material of the filler, and whether the inner filler is an asphalt filler according to the degree of insertion using the needle-like probe 33 from the side surface of the ballast 11. This is to determine whether or not.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, the opening 32 having a size of, for example, about 2 to 3 mm is used from the side surface of the ballast 14 to be discriminated by using a punching machine 31. Thereafter, the needle-like probe 33 having a diameter of about 1 mm is inserted through the opening 32, for example.

  And as shown to FIGS. 3-2, if it is an asphalt type stabilizer 14A, since an internal filler is flexible, the needle-shaped probe 33 will be inserted.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3C, if the resin-type ballast 14B is used, the inside is hard, so that the insertion of the needle-like probe 33 is prevented.

Therefore, it is possible to determine whether the filler is the resin filler or the asphalt filler based on the difference in insertion of the needle-like probe 33.
In addition, when it discriminate | determines from the asphalt type stabilizer 14A by this discrimination | determination method, the opening part 32 will be plugged up and it will store separately.

  Also, this determination method is preferably used from the viewpoint of processing efficiency when it cannot be determined by the first embodiment.

An example of a PCB processing system using this ballast filler material discrimination method in the sorting section is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the PCB processing system 100 according to the present embodiment includes a sorting unit 102 that sorts the type of filler (asphalt filler or resin filler) of the ballast 101 including PCB, for example. The asphalt type ballast 14A is sorted and removed, and the divided resin type ballast 14B is crushed and separated, and the separated product (element 104a, non-ferrous member 104b, iron member 104c). Etc.), a separation unit 108 for separating the paper element 106 and the resin film 107 from the pre-cleaned element 104a, and the separated paper element 106 with an organic solvent (hexane). Primary / secondary cleaning unit 109 that performs cleaning and then secondary cleaning with isopropyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol after cleaning are included. Isopropyl alcohol was removed from the element, and comprising a IPA removing apparatus 10A determines the cleaning liquid.
In the figure, reference numeral 110 denotes a PCB cleaning solution supplied to the primary / secondary cleaning unit 109, 111 denotes a PCB cleaning waste solution, and 112 denotes a vacuum heating unit for removing the PCB by heating the non-ferrous member 104b and the film 107 in a vacuum / high temperature state. , 113 is an alkaline cleaning unit that performs alkaline cleaning of iron processed by the primary / secondary cleaning unit 109, 114 is the presence or absence of PCB in the member after the vacuum heating process or alkaline cleaning process, and the PCB is a reference value A graduation judgment unit 115 for judging that the following is satisfied, 115 is a graduation judgment product such as iron, copper, and aluminum that has been judged for graduation, 116 is an exhaust processing unit for purifying particulates in the gas component 117 in each processing unit, 118 Fig. 2 further shows activated carbon filter parts for purifying gas components.

In the present embodiment, in the sorting unit 102, only the resin-type ballast 14B becomes a target of processing in the PCB processing facility by the determination by the determination method of either one or both of the first and second embodiments, or both. Can be processed.
In addition, the member where the PCB leaked from the capacitor due to the primary crushing is secondarily attached to the filler is processed by the cleaning process or the vacuum heating process, but in this embodiment, only the resin filler is used. Therefore, since there is no inhibition by asphalt as in the prior art, stable operation is possible.

  In addition, what the asphalt type ballast 14A is sorted and removed in the sorting unit 102 is stored strictly separately.

  As described above, according to the material determination method for ballast fillers according to the present invention, it is possible to reliably determine an asphalt type ballast that hinders processing, and therefore it is suitable for use in determination in a PCB processing facility. Yes.

It is the schematic which shows the state which installed the ultrasonic probe which performs material discrimination | determination of the ballast filler concerning Example 1. FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows an echo intensity | strength measurement result. It is explanatory drawing which performs material discrimination | determination of the ballast filler concerning Example 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which performs material discrimination | determination of the ballast filler concerning Example 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which performs material discrimination | determination of the ballast filler concerning Example 2. FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a PCB processing system according to a third embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

11 Filler 12 Transformer 13 Capacitor 14 Ballast 15 Ultrasonic Probe

Claims (2)

A method for determining a material of a filler of a ballast that includes a transformer and a capacitor including PCB using the filler,
The ultrasonic wave is oscillated from the side of the ballast using an ultrasonic probe, and it is determined whether or not the filler inside the ballast is an asphalt material according to the strength of the echo intensity. The material discrimination method of the ballast filler. In claim 1,
Furthermore, using a needle-like probe from the side surface of the ballast, it is determined whether or not the inner packing is an asphalt-type packing material according to the degree of insertion. Material discrimination method.

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