JP5054010B2 - ロボットのナビゲーション及びロボットの位置を決定するための方法と装置 - Google Patents
ロボットのナビゲーション及びロボットの位置を決定するための方法と装置 Download PDFInfo
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Description
図1Aと図1B及び図2Aと図2Bに示されるように、ロボット100は、一般に、本体200と機能カートリッジ300とを備える。図3Aは、ロボット本体の典型的な実施形態の部分組立分解斜視図である。図4は部分組立分解斜視図であり、図5Aは、ロボット本体と関連して使用するようになっている用途特定のカートリッジの典型的な実施形態の簡略側断面図である。
幾つかの例では、操作者がロボット100を動作環境内の特定の位置に導くことを可能にすることが望ましい場合がある。操作者の指示の下で動作するか又は自律的に機能するかにかかわらず、ロボット100は、一般に、独立してナビゲートしなければならない。以下に説明するように、光学アセンブリ260は、ロボット100が、動作環境内の他の対象物又は境界に対し、当該ロボットが相対関係にある場所を決定することを可能にする。この関連の空間配向の一つの重要な観点は、対象物に対する距離を確実に確認できることにある。
上述のように、ロボット100を動作環境から取り除くことがしばしば望まれる。図18は、充電ステーションの簡略図である。図19Aと図19Bは、それぞれ、オフデューティ時に最小の空間を占めるように構成されたロボットの一実施形態の簡略平面図及び側断面図である。図示したように、ロボット100の実施形態は、例えば、壁に対して真直ぐに登るように構成されかつ動作可能である。図20Aと図20Bは、それぞれ、基部の一実施形態の簡略平面図及び側断面図である。
Claims (10)
- ロボットのナビゲーションを容易にするために、動作環境をマッピングする方法であって、
前記動作環境の部分を表す部分マップと関連する走査点で光学データを獲得するステップと、
前記動作環境の部分の特徴部を識別し、識別された特徴部を前記部分マップと関連付けるステップと、
前記部分マップによって表された前記動作環境の部分を横断するステップと、
追加の光学データを前記走査点において獲得するステップと、
前記横断するステップ及び前記追加の光学データを獲得するステップに応答して前記部分マップを更新するステップと、
前記光学データと前記追加の光学データとに基づいて選択されたパーティクルの平均位置と角度とを決定することにより前記動作環境における前記ロボットの位置を計算するステップと、
すでにマッピングされた領域を再度走査することのないように、前記横断するステップと、前記追加の光学データを獲得するステップと、前記更新するステップとを選択的に繰り返すステップと、
前記光学データを獲得するステップと、前記追加の光学データを獲得するステップとが、平行光源及び拡散光源を利用するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記部分マップを出て、前記動作環境の異なる部分を表す異なる部分マップの走査点に進むステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記識別するステップと、前記更新するステップとが、前記光学データと前記追加の光学データとに応答して、識別された特徴部に対する距離を計算するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ロボットのナビゲーションを容易にするように動作環境をマッピングする方法であって、
前記動作環境を複数の部分マップに分割するステップであって、前記複数の部分マップの各々のそれぞれ一つが前記動作環境のそれぞれの部分を表す、分割するステップと、
前記複数の部分マップのそれぞれの一つをマッピングするステップであって、
前記動作環境のそれぞれの部分と関連する特徴部を識別するための光学データを獲得するステップと、
前記獲得するステップに応答して、識別された特徴部を前記複数の部分マップの前記それぞれの一つと関連付け、そして前記光学データに基づき選択されたパーティクルの平均位置と角度とを決定するステップと、
すでにマッピングされた領域を再度走査することのないように、前記獲得するステップと、前記関連付けるステップと、前記決定するステップとを選択的に繰り返すステップと、
すべての前記パーティクルの前記平均位置と角度とを使用して前記複数の部分マップの前記それぞれの一つのマップを作成するステップと、
前記複数の部分マップの前記それぞれの一つを出て、前記動作環境の異なる部分を表す前記複数の部分マップの異なる一つに進むステップと、によって前記複数の部分マップのそれぞれの一つをマッピングするステップと、
前記動作環境の各々のそれぞれの部分がマッピングされるまで、前記マッピングするステップを選択的に繰り返すステップと、を含んでいる方法において、
前記光学データを獲得するステップが、前記動作環境のそれぞれの部分各々における平行光源及び拡散光源を利用するステップを含む、
方法。 - 前記関連付けるステップが、前記複数の部分マップの前記それぞれの一つを表すデータを維持するデータ構造を圧縮するステップを含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 動作環境内のロボットの位置測定を決定する方法であって、
前記動作環境を複数の部分マップに分割するステップと、
前記ロボットと、前記ロボットによって現在占められている前記複数の部分マップの一つに対応する前記動作環境の部分の特徴部との間の距離に関係するデータを獲得するステップと、
前記獲得するステップに従って前記ロボットの位置を計算するステップであって、前記計算するステップが、前記データに基づき選択されたパーティクルの平均位置と角度とを決定するステップと、前記パーティクルのすべての前記平均位置と角度とを使用して前記複数の部分マップの前記一つを更新するステップと、
すでにマッピングされた領域を再度走査することのないように、前記データを獲得するステップと、前記計算するステップとを選択的に繰り返すステップと、を含んでいる方法において、
前記データを獲得するステップが、前記ロボットにより現在占有されている前記複数の部分マップの一つに対応する前記動作環境の部分における平行光源及び拡散光源を利用するステップとを含む、
方法。 - 動作環境内のロボットの位置を決定するためのデータ及び指示によって符号化される、コンピュータが読み取り可能な媒体を包含するロボットであって、
前記データ及び指示が、前記ロボットに、
複数のパーティクルの各々が、前記ロボットの位置及び傾斜に関する仮説を表す関連の仮説データを有する、前記複数のパーティクルを発生させ、
平行光源及び拡散光源を利用して、前記ロボットの現在位置から前記動作環境の視野に関係するデータを獲得させ、
前記データを前記複数のパーティクルの少なくとも幾つかと関連する前記仮説データと比較させ、及び
前記データと前記仮定データとの比較に従って、前記複数のパーティクルの少なくとも幾つかに重み付けを適用させる、
ロボットにおいて、
前記複数のパーティクルの各々に関する前記仮説データの位置成分が、前記動作環境内の位置の部分集合に限定され、そして前記動作環境におけるロボットの位置が、前記部分集合における前記パーティクルの平均位置と角度とを決定することにより計算され、そして前記動作環境のマップが、前記パーティクルすべての前記位置と角度とを利用することにより作られる、
ロボット。 - データ及び指示よってさらに符号化される請求項7に記載のロボットであって、
前記データ及び指示はさらに、前記ロボットに
前記関連の仮説データが、前記ロボットによって獲得された前記データと同様である場合に、前記複数のパーティクルの一つの重みを増加させ、及び
前記関連の仮説データが、前記ロボットによって獲得された前記データと同様でない場合に、前記複数のパーティクルの一つの重みを減少させる、
ロボット。 - データ及び指示によってさらに符号化される請求項8に記載のロボットであって、前記データ及び指示が、前記ロボットに廃棄閾値未満の重みを有する前記複数のパーティクルのデータ及び指示をさらに廃棄させる、ロボット。
- データ及び指示によってさらに符号化される請求項8に記載のロボットであって、前記データ及び指示が、前記ロボットにクローン閾値を越える重みを有する前記複数のパーティクルのデータ及び指示をさらにクローンさせる、ロボット。
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CA2621087A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 |
CN101297267B (zh) | 2012-01-11 |
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CA2918049A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 |
US20090306822A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
EP2806326B1 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
CN101297267A (zh) | 2008-10-29 |
HK1125204A1 (en) | 2009-07-31 |
CA2918049C (en) | 2019-04-09 |
EP2806326A1 (en) | 2014-11-26 |
EP1920326A2 (en) | 2008-05-14 |
JP2009509220A (ja) | 2009-03-05 |
US8483881B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 |
AU2006284577B2 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
WO2007028049A3 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
US20070061040A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
NZ567040A (en) | 2011-05-27 |
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