JP4736947B2 - Start control device and start control method for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to start control of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine applied to an idle stop vehicle.

In Patent Document 1, when performing a so-called idle stop, in which the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped temporarily during a temporary stop such as waiting for a signal, the valve timing of one of the intake valve and the exhaust valve is changed, and the exhaust valve is closed. The internal combustion engine is stopped early by increasing the negative overlap time from when the intake valve is opened until the intake valve is opened, and increasing the work of the piston. Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for reducing vibration by changing the valve timing of an intake valve during idle stop.
JP 2004-162617 A JP 2001-304005 A

  In order to perform a stable and quick restart when restarting from an idle stop, the crankshaft is rotated by a starter motor for a very short period of time (for example, about one rotation), and the piston is in a compression stroke in a stopped state. An initial explosion may be performed on the cylinder by fuel injection and ignition. However, in such a restart method, the crankshaft rotation stop position in the idle stop state varies due to the valve spring reaction force from the intake valve or the exhaust valve, and the cylinder that performs the initial explosion, that is, the compression stroke If the piston stop position of the cylinder that is stopped at is shifted to the compression top dead center side, the amount of compressed air and pressure required for the first explosion and the generated torque cannot be secured, and the starting stability at this restart・ There is a risk of inhibiting robustness.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and a main object of the present invention is to effectively improve engine startability at the time of restart from an idle stop using a variable valve timing mechanism.

Idle stop provided with an electric motor that rotates the crankshaft, a fuel injection valve that directly injects fuel into the combustion chamber of each cylinder, and a valve timing variable mechanism that can change the opening / closing timing of at least one of the intake valve and the exhaust valve In a start control device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine of a vehicle, a crankshaft is rotationally driven by an electric motor at the time of restart from an idle stop, and the first explosion occurs between a compression stroke and an expansion stroke for a cylinder in a compression stroke. This control unit reduces the rotation range in which the crankshaft can be stopped immediately before idling stop, so that the piston stop position of one of the cylinders falls under the intake stroke in the compression stroke. as a narrow range of points near, compared to the setting of the valve lift characteristic in the idle state, the intake valve in the vicinity of the exhaust top dead center Minus overlap period where both are closed the valves are characterized by driving and controlling the variable valve timing mechanism so as to reduce.

  According to the present invention, at the time of restart from the idle stop, the first explosion is performed between the initial compression stroke and the expansion stroke for the cylinder in the compression stroke, in other words, the cylinder near the intake bottom dead center. The piston stop position of any cylinder can be brought close to the intake bottom dead center in the compression stroke when the engine is stopped by idle stop with a simple configuration using the variable valve timing mechanism. As a result, the actual compression stroke of the cylinder is secured long enough, the compression pressure at the first explosion, that is, the generated torque is sufficiently secured, and the stability and robustness at the restart from the idle stop are improved. can do.

  FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an internal combustion engine start control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The internal combustion engine 1 is an in-line three-cylinder in-cylinder spark ignition engine, and each of the # 1 to # 3 cylinders (cylinders) has an intake valve 9 that opens and closes an intake passage 2 and an exhaust passage 3 that opens and closes. There are provided an exhaust valve 10, an ignition plug 8 for spark-igniting the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber 7, and a fuel injection valve 6 for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber 7. The top surface (crown surface) of the piston 4 is formed with a shallow dish-shaped cavity 5 for stratified combustion. During stratified combustion, fuel is injected into the cavity 5 from a fuel injection valve 6 positioned below the intake port. Is done.

  Further, a variable valve timing mechanism 31 that can change the opening / closing timing of the intake valve 9 (or the exhaust valve 10), that is, the valve timing, and a starter motor 32 that is an engine starting electric motor that rotationally drives the crankshaft are provided. . As is well known, the variable valve timing mechanism 31 is a VTC (valve timing control) mechanism that uses a vane or the like, and by delaying the rotational phase of the camshaft relative to the crankshaft, the valve opening period (operating angle). Is kept constant, and the opening timing and closing timing of the intake valve (exhaust valve) are delayed at the same time.

  The control unit (control unit) 21 is a digital computer system capable of storing and executing various control processes, and includes a crank angle sensor 22 and a cam for detecting and calculating the engine speed and the rotation angle (position) of the crankshaft. In addition to the angle sensor 23, the valve timing variable mechanism 31, the starter motor 32, the fuel injection, based on detection signals from various sensors such as the water temperature sensor 24 and the intake air temperature sensor 25 that detect the water temperature as the engine temperature and the intake air temperature. A control signal is output to the valve 6 and the spark plug 8 to control its operation. Further, the control unit 21 performs a so-called idle stop that automatically stops the internal combustion engine 1 at the time of a temporary stop such as waiting for a signal, and automatically restarts the internal combustion engine 1 when the vehicle starts from the idle stop. Start (restart). In this embodiment, at the time of restart from the idle stop, in order to perform a stable and quick restart, the starter motor 32 rotates the crankshaft for a very short period, and the piston stop position is in the compression stroke. For a cylinder, in other words, a cylinder in the vicinity of the intake bottom dead center (BDC), during the initial compression stroke to the expansion stroke, more specifically, during the compression stroke, the initial explosion by fuel injection and spark ignition Is to do.

  FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control flow at the time of idling stop executed by the control unit 21. In step S11, it is determined whether or not to start idle stop. This determination is made based on whether the vehicle speed is 0 (zero) and the brake pedal is depressed. In step S12, the engine is stopped due to idling stop (the rotation of the crankshaft is stopped) based on the engine temperature such as the water temperature or the intake air temperature detected by the water temperature sensor 24 or the intake air temperature sensor 25 (see FIG. 1). The target piston stop position of the piston of any cylinder, specifically, the piston that stops in the compression stroke is calculated. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, as the engine temperature increases, the target piston stop position (compression stroke PISTON stop request position) is set closer to the intake bottom dead center (BDC) side so as to compensate for the decrease in intake air density. Is done.

  In step S13, the valve timing of the intake valve (or exhaust valve) is changed according to the target piston stop position set in step S12. In subsequent step 14, the engine is stopped by idling stop, that is, by stopping fuel injection and spark ignition. In other words, in step S13, the rotation range in which the crankshaft can be stopped is reduced so that the piston stop position of any cylinder approaches the intake bottom dead center in the compression stroke immediately before the idle stop. The variable valve timing mechanism 31 is driven and controlled so that the piston stop position of any cylinder approaches the intake bottom dead center in the compression stroke.

  As described above, in the setting of FIG. 3, the intake valve open timing IVO and the close timing IVC are idle states that are in an operating state immediately after the engine start so as to compensate for a decrease in the intake air density as the engine temperature increases. It is set so that the advance amount from the set value in the operating state increases. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the higher the engine temperature, the smaller the advance amount of the intake valve closing timing IVC from the set value in the idle operation state, which is the operation state immediately after the general engine start. It may be set to. Furthermore, the target piston stop position may be set to a fixed value in advance, regardless of the engine temperature.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a control flow at the time of restart from the idle stop according to the present embodiment. In step S21, it is determined whether an idle stop is being performed. In step S22, it is determined whether or not to restart from an idle stop. For example, it is determined whether the brake switch has been switched off. In step S23, the restart operation is started. Specifically, the crankshaft is driven to rotate for a very short period by the starter motor 32, and fuel is injected into the cylinder in which the piston is in the compression stroke during the first compression stroke and spark ignition is performed. I do. This initial explosion cylinder identification / determination is performed, for example, by detecting the rotational position at which the crankshaft stops at the signal of the crank angle sensor 22 and the cam angle sensor 23 at the time of idling stop, and storing this, and based on this rotational stop position. Can be done.

  In step S24, it is determined whether the engine speed Ne has reached a predetermined reference value Ne1. Until the engine speed reaches the reference value Ne1, the restart valve timing set immediately before the idling stop is held (step S26). When the engine speed reaches the reference value Ne1, the process proceeds to step S25, and the valve timing, the throttle opening TVO, and the like are corrected so as to return to the idle request that is the operation state immediately after the general engine start.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 6, the effect of a present Example is demonstrated. In the figure, a valve lift characteristic (cam crest) indicated by a broken line indicates a setting of the valve lift characteristic of the intake valve (INT) in an idle operation state that is a general operation state immediately before the engine stops. In this embodiment, the opening / closing timing of the exhaust valve (EXH) is fixed, and the exhaust valve closing timing EVC is set near the exhaust top dead center (TDC). As shown in the figure, the intake valve opening timing IVO in the idle setting state is delayed from the exhaust top dead center, so that the intake valve and the exhaust valve close together near the exhaust top dead center. The lap period mO / L1 is ensured relatively long.

  Here, the rotation angle range in which the rotation of the crankshaft is stopped by idle stop is the sum of the cylinder pressure and the reaction force from the intake / exhaust valve (valve spring), in particular, the total reaction force from the intake / exhaust valve (Total cam) It depends heavily on the mountain. Specifically, when the engine is automatically stopped in the idle setting state, in the in-line three-cylinder internal combustion engine, the sum of the reaction forces becomes the smallest in a wide range Δα1 corresponding to the minus overlap period mO / L1, and the crank The shaft may stop. For this reason, if the crankshaft stops at a position T1 that is closer to the retarded angle in this range Δα1, the first explosion by fuel injection and ignition is performed on the # 1 cylinder whose piston is in the compression stroke when restarting from the idle stop. When it is performed, the substantial period Δβ1 of the compression stroke cannot be sufficiently ensured, the desired compression pressure / generated torque cannot be obtained, and stable startability may not be ensured.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown by the arrow Y1, the opening / closing timing of the intake valve is advanced from the set value in the idle state, which is the operation state immediately before the engine stop, immediately before the idle stop. It is converted to the side. In other words, the opening timing IVO of the intake valve is advanced to the exhaust top dead center side. For this reason, the minus overlap period can be remarkably shortened or substantially zero (0) as in the present embodiment, so that the total reaction force of the intake and exhaust valves becomes the lowest, that is, the crank The range Δα2 in which the shaft may stop can be greatly reduced as compared with the above range Δα1, and the intake bottom dead center (BDC) side of the cylinder (# 1 cylinder in this example) in the compression stroke It can be close enough. As a result, the substantial period Δβ2 of the first compression stroke in the # 1 cylinder that performs the initial explosion can be secured sufficiently long, and the restart from the idle stop can be performed quickly and reliably. Stability and robustness can be significantly improved.

  In addition, the amount of valve timing change is set according to the engine temperature such as water temperature and intake air temperature.Specifically, the piston stop position is set closer to the intake bottom dead center as the engine temperature increases. Therefore, even when the intake air density is low and the temperature is high, the compression stroke Δβ2 of the initial explosion cylinder can be ensured sufficiently long, and the compression pressure and generated torque necessary for the initial explosion can be ensured.

  If there is a cylinder with the intake valve open while the engine is stopped due to idle stop, the temperature of the intake system rises due to the temperature in the cylinder, the air density of the intake system rises, and the torque generated at restart May decrease, and startability may be hindered. In this embodiment, the valve timing is set so that the intake valves of all the cylinders are closed at the rotation stop position of the crankshaft due to idle stop so as not to cause such a problem. As a result, the backflow of the heat receiving air in the cylinder to the intake system can be prevented, so that an increase in the intake system temperature can be suppressed. As a result, at the time of restart from the idle stop, a decrease in intake air density can be suppressed, and a decrease in generated torque can be suppressed.

  Moreover, in the valve timing variable mechanism 31 in which both the opening timing IVO and the closing timing IVC of the intake valve change simultaneously and synchronously as in the present embodiment, the intake valve opening timing IVO is exhausted immediately before idling stop. When the angle is advanced toward the dead point, the intake valve closing timing IVC is simultaneously advanced toward the intake bottom dead center. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 6, for example, even if the crankshaft stoppable range Δα3 is the position before IVC in the idle setting, the valve timing variable mechanism 31 is drive-controlled immediately before the idle stop. Thus, after IVC, the intake valves of all the cylinders can be closed. That is, as the intake valve opening / closing timing is advanced by the variable valve timing mechanism 31, the range in which the intake valves of all the cylinders are closed also shifts to the advance side. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to bring the piston stop position (Δα3) of the cylinder performing the initial explosion closer to the intake bottom dead center while ensuring that the intake valves of all the cylinders are closed. .

  As described above, the present invention has been described based on the specific embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications and changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention. . For example, in this embodiment, the intake valve opening / closing timing is changed, but the exhaust valve opening / closing timing may be changed. In the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to an in-line three-cylinder internal combustion engine, but the present invention can also be applied to an internal combustion engine having another number of cylinders, such as an in-line four-cylinder or a V-type six-cylinder. is there.

1 is a system configuration diagram showing an internal combustion engine start control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flowchart which shows the flow of control at the time of idle stop which concerns on a present Example. The characteristic view which shows the relationship between engine temperature and the target piston stop position of the cylinder in a compression stroke. The characteristic view which shows the relationship between engine temperature and intake valve closing timing (IVC). The flowchart which shows the flow of control at the time of restart from the idle stop state which concerns on a present Example. The characteristic view which shows the relationship between the crank rotation angle of the 3 cylinder internal combustion engine which concerns on a present Example, the lift characteristic of an intake / exhaust valve, etc. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 ... Piston 6 ... Fuel injection valve 7 ... Combustion chamber 9 ... Intake valve 10 ... Exhaust valve 21 ... Control part 24 ... Water temperature sensor (temperature detection means)
25. Intake air temperature sensor (temperature detection means)
31 ... Variable valve timing mechanism 32 ... Starter motor (electric motor)

Claims (6)

Idle stop provided with an electric motor that rotates the crankshaft, a fuel injection valve that directly injects fuel into the combustion chamber of each cylinder, and a valve timing variable mechanism that can change the opening / closing timing of at least one of the intake valve and the exhaust valve In a start control device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine of a vehicle,
When restarting from the idle stop, the motor is driven to rotate the crankshaft, and the control unit performs the initial explosion between the first compression stroke and the expansion stroke for the cylinder whose piston stop position is in the compression stroke. ,
This control unit reduces the rotation range in which the crankshaft can be stopped immediately before idling stop, so that the piston stop position of any cylinder becomes a narrow range in the vicinity of the intake bottom dead center in the compression stroke. In addition, the valve timing variable mechanism is driven and controlled so that the minus overlap period during which both the intake valve and the exhaust valve are closed near the exhaust top dead center is reduced compared to the setting of the valve lift characteristics in the idle state. A start control device for an internal combustion engine.   2. The start control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the control unit advances the opening timing of the intake valve toward the exhaust top dead center immediately before the idle stop.   3. The start control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the control unit advances the closing timing of the intake valve toward the intake bottom dead center immediately before the idle stop. Temperature detecting means for detecting the engine temperature,
Just before the idle stop, the control unit reduces the rotation range in which the crankshaft can be stopped as the engine temperature increases, so that the piston stop position of any cylinder is in the vicinity of the intake bottom dead center in the compression stroke. so that a narrow range of, relative to the setting of the valve lift characteristics at idle, the valve as the negative valve overlap period in which both are closed in the intake and exhaust valves near the exhaust top dead center is reduced The start control device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the timing variable mechanism is driven and controlled.   The start control of the internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the intake valves of all the cylinders are set in a closed state at a rotation stop position of the crankshaft due to idle stop. apparatus. Idle stop provided with an electric motor that rotates the crankshaft, a fuel injection valve that directly injects fuel into the combustion chamber of each cylinder, and a valve timing variable mechanism that can change the opening / closing timing of at least one of the intake valve and the exhaust valve In a start control method for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine of a vehicle,
Immediately before the idling stop, by stopping possible range of rotation of the crankshaft is reduced, as the piston stop position of one of the cylinders becomes a narrow range near the intake bottom dead center in the compression stroke, in the idle state The valve timing variable mechanism is driven and controlled so that the minus overlap period in which both the intake valve and the exhaust valve are closed near the exhaust top dead center is reduced compared to the setting of the valve lift characteristic of
At the time of restart from the idle stop, the crankshaft is rotationally driven by an electric motor, and the first explosion is performed between the first compression stroke and the expansion stroke for the cylinder whose piston stop position is in the compression stroke. A starting control method for an internal combustion engine.

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