JP4511851B2 - High pressure tank and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a high-pressure tank that includes a hollow liner and a fiber-reinforced plastic that covers an outer peripheral surface of the liner, and stores gas by setting the inside of the liner to a high pressure, and a method for manufacturing the same .

In recent years, awareness of suppressing global warming has increased, and fuel cell electric vehicles, hydrogen engine vehicles, and the like have been actively developed especially for the purpose of reducing carbon dioxide emitted from vehicles. In a fuel cell electric vehicle, hydrogen and oxygen are reacted electrochemically to generate electric power, and the electricity is supplied to a motor to generate driving force. As this type of hydrogen supply source, a high-pressure tank filled with hydrogen is used, and an example of the high-pressure tank is disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like. The high-pressure tank (pressure vessel) is provided with a metal or resin liner, and the outer periphery thereof is covered with a covering material to ensure pressure resistance.
Special table 2000-504810 (page 6-42, Fig. 2)

  By the way, when the high-pressure tank is filled with gas, the internal pressure rises as the gas temperature rises due to compression work. However, when CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) with poor heat transfer is used as the coating material, the pressure generated by the high-pressure tank is improved, but the heat generated inside is difficult to dissipate to the outside. There arises a problem that the filling amount is less than the prescribed amount. In addition, there is a demand for shortening the gas filling time of the high-pressure gas as much as possible. However, if the gas filling is performed rapidly, the temperature rises so much that the gas filling amount is hindered.

  Further, in order to increase the amount of gas that can be filled in the high-pressure tank, an occlusion material may be disposed inside the tank. Since the adsorption material generates heat of adsorption and reaction when it comes into contact with gas molecules, it is necessary to remove the heat of adsorption and reaction in addition to the compression heat of the gas when the material is incorporated. For this reason, in order to rapidly fill the high-pressure gas with a specified amount, it is necessary to cool the internal gas while cooling, and as this cooling method, there is a method of attaching a heat exchanger to the high-pressure tank.

  This heat exchanger is equipped with a heat medium pipe that passes through the inside and outside of the tank, takes cold water from the outside through the heat medium pipe, suppresses the temperature rise of the gas, and discharges warm water heated by heat exchange to the outside . When installing a heat exchanger in a high-pressure tank, for example, it is necessary to penetrate the liner at the side of the liner and pull out the heat medium pipe to the outside, but the sealing property between the liner and the heat medium pipe is improved at the through part. It is necessary to secure. As for securing the seal, there are brazing and adhesion, but in this case, the liner strength (fatigue strength) is lowered and the durability is deteriorated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to secure a sealing property between the liner and the heat exchanger, and to make it difficult to reduce the strength of the liner and its It is to provide a manufacturing method .

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is accommodated in the liner, a hollow liner that is divided at least on one side, a fiber reinforced plastic that covers the outer peripheral surface of the liner, and the liner. A high-pressure tank that includes a heat exchanger and stores the gas at a high pressure inside the liner. The heat exchanger is attached to the header portion by fixing the header portion to the inner surface of one of the liner body and the divided body of the liner by a locking means, and the header portion is attached. And a sealing material for ensuring airtightness between the inside of the liner and the passage of the heat medium of the heat exchanger is interposed on the joint surface of the liner main body or the divided body to which the header portion is joined. It is disguised.

  According to this invention, the heat exchanger is attached to the liner by joining the heat exchanger to the header portion and fixing the header portion to one inner surface of the liner main body and the divided body by the locking means. By the way, when the heat exchanger is attached to the liner, the strength of the liner decreases if brazing, welding, or the like is used. In this configuration, the heat exchanger is joined to the header portion and attached to the liner. Therefore, it is not necessary to use brazing or welding, and the liner strength is hardly lowered.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the liner is divided at one end side, and an opening for fixing the header portion is provided at the end opposite to the divided side. ing. The header portion includes a small-diameter portion that can be inserted into the opening portion, and a large-diameter portion that is larger in diameter than the opening portion, a male screw portion is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion, and the male screw portion is used to A header portion is fixed to the liner.

  According to this invention, the header portion includes a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion, and the small diameter portion is inserted into the opening provided on the side opposite to the divided side of the liner, and is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion. The header portion is fixed to the liner using a male screw portion. Therefore, the internal pressure acting on the header portion acts to enhance the sealing performance of the sealing portion between the header portion and the liner inner surface, and the sealing performance is enhanced.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the heat exchanger includes a heat medium pipe via a passage through which a heat medium supplied from the outside penetrates the liner. The header is formed with a flow path through which the heat medium flows, and the heat medium pipe is communicated with the flow path and the inside of the heat medium pipe. Is fixed to the header portion.

  According to the present invention, in addition to the operation of the invention according to claim 1 or 2, when a heat exchanger that cools or heats by flowing an external heat medium through the heat medium pipe is used, the heat medium pipe It is necessary to pull out the passage from the inside of the liner to the outside. If brazing, welding, or the like is used to secure the seal of the drawer portion, the liner strength is reduced. However, if the configuration of the present invention is used, the passage of the heat medium pipe can be drawn outside without brazing or welding the liner, and the liner strength hardly decreases.

In invention of Claim 4 , in the invention of Claim 3 , the said header part is attached to the said division body, and this division body is resin. In the present invention, the heat medium enters and exits the passage of the heat medium pipe through the divided body to which the header portion is attached. When the divided body is made of metal, the heat of the heat medium is easily radiated to the outside through the divided body, or conversely, the heat medium is easily heated by the external heat. However, since the divided body is made of resin, the heat insulation is higher than in the case of metal, the temperature change of the heat medium while the heat medium passes through the divided body is suppressed, and heat exchange by the heat exchanger is performed. It will be done efficiently.

In the invention according to claim 5 , in the invention according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , the heat medium enters and exits on one side of both end portions of the liner. According to the present invention, since the heating medium on one side of the both side ends of the La Ina is a configuration in and out, for example, the case of arranging the heat medium source close to the heat medium inlet of the liner, the heat medium outlet Netsunakadachigen Is approximately the same as the distance between the heat medium inlet and the heat medium source, and there is no need to pull back the pipe extending from the heat medium outlet to the heat medium source.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the gas enters and exits from the opposite side of the both ends of the liner with respect to the side where the heating medium enters and exits. According to the present invention, the gas enters and exits from the opposite side to the side and out the inner heating medium of both side ends of the liner, that one end of the liner and the other in the heat medium is a gas As a result, either one of the end portions is not shared between the heat medium and the gas, and the configuration of the high-pressure tank is simplified.

In the invention described in claim 7, in the invention described in any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a plurality of heat transfer tubes. According to the present invention, since the use of heat exchangers having a plurality of heat transfer tubes, the temperature suppressing effect in the high-pressure tank is increased.
In invention of Claim 8, It is a manufacturing method of the high pressure tank as described in any one of Claims 1-7, Comprising: The said heat exchanger was joined to the said header part by brazing or welding. Later, the header portion is attached and fixed to the liner body or the divided body.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to make it difficult to reduce the strength of the liner when ensuring the sealing performance between the liner and the heat exchanger.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment in which the high-pressure tank of the present invention is embodied as a hydrogen tank will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hydrogen tank 1. A hydrogen tank 1 as a high-pressure tank has an elongated hollow shape (cylindrical shape), and a storage chamber 2 therein is filled with hydrogen in a high-pressure state. The reason why the storage chamber 2 is set to a high pressure is to increase the filling amount of hydrogen. For example, when the pressure in the storage chamber 2 is 25 MPa, hydrogen can be charged about 250 times as much as in the atmosphere. The hydrogen tank 1 has a distal end (a right end portion in FIG. 1) and a base end (a left end portion in FIG. 1) on the side where hydrogen enters and exits at both ends.

  The hydrogen tank 1 includes a hollow liner 3 that forms the outer shape of the tank, and a high-strength CFRP 4 as a fiber-reinforced plastic that covers substantially the entire outer peripheral surface of the liner 3. The high-strength CFRP 4 ensures the pressure resistance (mechanical strength) of the hydrogen tank 1 and is wound around the liner 3 by the filament winding method (FW method). The FW method is a state in which the liner 3 is rotated, and the resin is wound around the liner 3 so as to have a helical wound layer and a hoop wound layer while impregnating a carbon fiber with a resin (for example, unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin). Is a method of thermosetting.

  The liner 3 is made of, for example, an aluminum alloy, and ensures the airtightness of the hydrogen tank 1. The liner 3 is split on the base end side, and includes a main body portion 5 as a substantially cylindrical liner main body and a lid portion 7 as a split body that covers the opening 6 on the base end side of the main body portion 5. Yes. A valve 10 is attached to the tip 8 of the liner 3 at the tip of a ventilation passage 9 that communicates the storage chamber 2 with the outside. By switching the port of the valve 10, the use state of the hydrogen tank 1 is changed to a hydrogen release state and a hydrogen filling state. Can be switched between.

  The lid portion 7 has a shape having a base portion 11 at a central portion, and the base portion 11 is formed with two passages 12 and 13 communicating with the housing chamber 2 and the outside in a state of being arranged substantially in parallel. The lid portion 7 is fixed to the main body portion 5 by a plurality of (for example, eight) screws 14 arranged at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction at the peripheral edge portion. A sealing member 15 for securing airtightness in the storage chamber 2 is interposed at a joint portion between the main body portion 5 and the lid portion 7.

  The accommodation chamber 2 of the liner 3 accommodates a heat exchange unit 16 that suppresses temperature changes in the tank during hydrogen filling or hydrogen release. The heat exchange unit 16 includes a heat exchanger 18 having a plurality of (three in this embodiment) heat medium tubes 17 arranged along the radial direction of the liner 3, and attachment of the heat exchange unit 16 to the lid portion 7. A substantially disc-shaped header portion 19 is provided as a part to be attached. The heat transfer medium pipe 17 has a substantially U-shape formed by bending one pipe, and these end parts are fixed to the header part 19 by brazing, welding, or the like.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view illustrating assembly of the lid 7 and the heat exchange unit 16. Holes 22 through which screws 21 are inserted are formed in the thin portion 20 of the lid portion 7 at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the liner 3. A plurality of screw holes 23 are formed on the surface of the header portion 19 on the lid portion 7 side at positions corresponding to the hole portions 22. The heat exchange unit 16 fits the header portion 19 into the hole portion 24 provided in the inner surface of the lid portion 7, inserts the screw 21 into the hole portion 22, and locks the head portion at the level difference. It is fixed to the lid portion 7 by being screwed into the screw hole 23. The screw 21, the hole 22 and the screw hole 23 constitute a locking means.

  By the way, the internal temperature of the hydrogen tank 1 rises when hydrogen is charged, and the internal temperature drops when hydrogen is released. To suppress this temperature change, cold water or hot water (heat medium) flows through the heat medium pipe 17. In the embodiment, cold water flows during hydrogen filling and hot water flows from one end to the other end during hydrogen release. Therefore, one end (upper end in FIG. 1) of each heat transfer medium pipe 17 is an upstream end 17a of the water path, and the other end (lower end in FIG. 1) is a downstream end. 17b.

  The header portion 19 has a plurality of flow passages 25 extending through the space between the upstream end portion 17a and the lid portion 7 at positions corresponding to the upstream end portions 17a of the heat medium pipes 17 (in this embodiment, 3). One) is formed. These flow paths 25 are arranged substantially in parallel, and the flow path diameter is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the heat transfer medium pipe 17. The inner surface of the lid portion 7 is formed with a recess 26 that is set larger than the passage 12 and the passage 12 communicates with the three flow paths 25.

  Similarly to the upstream side of the heat medium pipe 17, the header part 19 penetrates between the downstream end part 17 b and the lid part 7 at a position corresponding to the downstream end part 17 b of each heat medium pipe 17. Thus, a plurality of (in this embodiment, three) flow paths 27 are formed. These flow paths 27 are also arranged substantially parallel to the upstream side, and the flow path diameter is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the heat transfer medium pipe 17. A concave portion 28 having a diameter larger than the diameter of the passage 13 is formed on the inner surface of the lid portion 7, and the passage 13 and the three flow paths 27 are communicated with each other through the concave portion 28.

  On the inner surface of the lid portion 7, substantially annular groove portions 29, 30 are formed around the recesses 26, 28. The groove 29 is provided with a sealing material 31 for ensuring airtightness between the upstream water passage and the accommodation chamber 2, and the groove 30 is provided with a sealing material 32 for ensuring airtightness between the downstream water passage and the accommodation chamber 2. Are attached to each. Further, a groove portion 33 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the header portion 19 over the entire circumference, and a sealing material 34 that secures airtightness between the storage chamber 2 and the passage of the heat medium pipe 17 is attached to the groove portion 33. It has been.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchange unit 16 is accommodated in the accommodation chamber 2 by fitting the base end side into the hole 24. A plurality of substantially disc-shaped fins 36 are fixed to the heat transfer medium pipe 17 at equal intervals along the axial direction of the liner 3, and the fins 36 enhance the effect of suppressing temperature changes in the hydrogen tank 1.

  A powdered hydrogen storage alloy (MH powder) is accommodated between the fins 36 in contact with the fins 36. The hydrogen storage alloy has a function of increasing the filling amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen tank 1, and enables hydrogen filling several hundred to 1000 times that in the atmosphere. A filter 37 (shown by a broken line) capable of transmitting hydrogen in a state of covering all the fins 36 is attached to a radial end portion of the fin 36.

  Here, the hydrogen storage alloy generates heat by generating adsorption heat and reaction heat when storing hydrogen, and absorbs heat when releasing hydrogen. Therefore, the temperature of the hydrogen tank 1 rises due to heat generation due to adsorption heat or reaction heat of the hydrogen storage alloy during hydrogen filling, or compression work generated when compressing and filling the gas into the tank, and heat absorption action of the hydrogen storage alloy during hydrogen release. However, the temperature change is suppressed by flowing cold water or hot water through the heat medium pipe 17.

Next, the operation of the hydrogen tank 1 of this embodiment will be described.
A series of processes for manufacturing the hydrogen tank 1 will be described. The heat medium pipe 17 has a plurality of fins 36 fixed around it, and a hydrogen storage alloy is housed inside a filter 37 covering the outer periphery thereof. A heat exchanger 18 is prepared. The end portions (upstream end portion 17a and downstream end portion 17b) of the heat medium tube 17 are brazed in a positioning state in which the passage of the heat medium tube 17 and the flow paths 25 and 27 of the header portion 19 communicate with each other. Or it adheres to the header part 19 by welding, and the heat exchange unit 16 with which the heat exchanger 18 and the header part 19 were integrated is manufactured.

  Subsequently, in a state in which the sealing materials 31, 32, and 34 are interposed between the inner surface of the lid portion 7 and the header portion 19, the header portion 19 is fitted into the hole portion 24 and the header portion 19 is moved by the screw 21. It is attached and fixed to the lid 7. After the heat exchange unit 16 is attached, the lid 7 is fixed to the main body 5 with the screws 14 while the heat exchanger 18 is accommodated in the main body 5, and the split liner 3 is integrated. Then, the liner 3 is set in an FW device (not shown), the carbon fiber impregnated with the thermosetting resin is wound around the outer periphery of the liner 3 by the FW method, and then the thermosetting resin is cured to obtain high strength. CFRP4 is formed.

  In this embodiment, the end portion of the heat transfer pipe 17 is fixed to the header portion 19 having the flow paths 25 and 27, and the header portion 19 is positioned with the passage 21 and 13 of the lid portion 7 with the screw portion 21. The heat exchange unit 16 is attached to the liner 3 by fixing to the liner 3. By the way, when the heat exchanger 18 is mounted, it is necessary to pull out the heat medium pipe 17 to the outside. However, when the heat medium pipe 17 is pulled out through the liner 3, brazing, welding, or the like is performed to seal the portion. When the liner 3 is subjected to a high heat treatment, the liner strength decreases. However, if the configuration of this embodiment is used, it is not necessary to braze or weld the liner 3, and the strength of the liner 3 is ensured while ensuring sealing performance.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The heat medium pipe 17 of the heat exchanger 18 was fixed to the header part 19, and the header part 19 was attached to the lid part 7 with screws 21. Therefore, even if the heat exchanger 18 is installed inside the liner 3, it is not necessary to braze or weld the liner 3 in order to ensure the sealing performance, and therefore it is possible to suppress a decrease in liner strength. .

  (2) The base part 11 is formed at the base end side end part of the liner 3, and the header part 19 is fitted into the hole part 24 provided in a position corresponding to the base part 11 and fixed with the screw 21. Accordingly, since the passage of the heat transfer medium pipe 17 does not protrude from the side portion of the liner 3, there is no problem even if the high strength CFRP 4 is formed on the outer periphery of the liner 3 by the FW method.

  (3) Since the heat exchanger 18 is attached to the liner 3 using the header portion 19, various changes can be made without changing the structure of the lid portion 7 by appropriately changing the flow paths 25 and 27 provided in the header portion 19. Any kind of heat exchanger 18 can be used.

(4) Since the liner 3 is divided into the main body portion 5 and the lid portion 7, built-in items such as the heat exchange unit 16 can be placed inside the liner 3.
(5) Since the header portion 19 is fixed to the lid portion 7 with the screw 21, the header portion 19 can be fixed to the lid portion 7 with a simple configuration.

  (6) Since the sealing materials 31, 32, and 34 are interposed on the joint surface between the inner surface of the lid portion 7 and the header portion 19, the space between the passage of the heat medium pipe 17 and the storage chamber 2 of the liner 3. Airtightness can be ensured, and high-pressure gas is less likely to leak into the passage of the heat medium pipe 17.

  (7) Since the passages 12 and 13 serving as the entrance of cold water or hot water are formed in the lid portion 7, cold water or hot water enters and exits on one side of the liner 3. Therefore, for example, when a supply source of cold water or hot water is installed on the lid 7 side, the distance between the supply source and the water inlet is substantially the same as the distance between the supply source and the water outlet. Therefore, there is no need to pull back a pipe line (not shown) extending from the water outlet.

  (8) The lid portion 7 serves as an entrance / exit of cold water or hot water, and the end portion on the opposite side to the lid portion 7 of the liner 3 serves as an entrance / exit for hydrogen gas. Therefore, if one of the ends is shared by water and hydrogen gas, the structure becomes complicated. However, since each end is dedicated, this kind of problem does not occur.

(9) Since the heat exchanger 18 having the plurality of heat medium tubes 17 is used, the cooling effect or heating effect inside the tank is improved by that amount, and the temperature suppression effect in the hydrogen tank 1 can be enhanced.
(10) Since the heat exchanger 18 and the header portion 19 are arranged side by side in the axial direction of the liner 3, the hydrogen tank 1 can be made compact in the radial direction.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the attachment structure of the end of the heat medium pipe 17, and the other basic configuration is the same. Accordingly, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, detailed description thereof is omitted, and only different portions will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the base end side of the hydrogen tank 1. A concave portion 38 is formed on the inner surface of the lid portion 7 at a portion surrounded by the sealing material 15. The ends (upstream end 17a and downstream end 17b) of the heat medium pipe 17 are brazed or welded with the passages 12, 13 and the passage of the heat medium pipe 17 communicating with the inner surface of the lid portion 7. It is fixed directly by. Further, the heat exchanger 18 of this embodiment has a configuration having only one heat medium pipe 17.

In this configuration as well, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the same effects as (4), (7), and (8) of the above embodiment.
(11) Even if the heat medium pipe 17 is fixed to the lid portion 7 by brazing, welding, or the like, it is fixed to the thick base portion 11, so that the strength of the liner 3 is not significantly reduced. In addition, since the base 11 is located at the base end side end of the liner 3 and the heat medium pipe 17 is fixed at a position corresponding to the base 11, the high strength CFRP 4 is wound around the liner 3 by the FW method. Even if there is, there will be no trouble.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the liner 3 is divided on one side (one end side) and is provided with a main body 5 and a lid 7 as in the first and second embodiments, but the header is the main body. The second embodiment is greatly different from the first and second embodiments in that the air passage 9 and the valve 10 are provided in the lid portion 7 and fixed to the lid portion 7. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. 4A is a schematic sectional view of the hydrogen tank 1, and FIG. 4B is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the lid portion 7 is formed with an air passage 9 communicating with the housing chamber 2 and the outside at the center thereof so as to extend along the axis of the liner 3. A valve 10 is attached to the end.

  The liner 3 is provided with an opening 40 to which the header 39 of the heat exchange unit 16 is fixed at the end opposite to the divided side, and the opening 40 is provided with a female screw 41. An annular recess 42 is formed inside the liner 3 along the end of the opening 40. A stepped portion 42 a for accommodating the sealing material 43 is formed in the recess 42 so as to face the opening 40.

  The header 39 is made of metal (for example, aluminum alloy) and includes a small-diameter portion 39a that can be inserted into the opening 40 and a large-diameter portion 39b that is larger in diameter than the opening 40. A portion 44 is formed. The large diameter portion 39b is formed to have a diameter smaller than the diameter of the recess 42 and larger than the stepped portion 42a. The header portion 39 is fixed to the liner 3 by using the male screw portion 44 and specifically screwing the male screw portion 44 to the female screw portion 41.

  Heater passages 45 and 46 are formed in the header 39, and the ends of the heat medium pipe 17 (the upstream end 17 a and the downstream side) in a state where the passages 45 and 46 and the passage of the heat medium pipe 17 communicate with each other. The end 17b) is fixed by brazing or welding. A plurality of (for example, two) recesses 47 are formed at the tip of the small diameter portion 39a. The recess 47 is for locking a locking portion of a tool (not shown) that is used when the header portion 39 is screwed into the liner 3 when the hydrogen tank 1 is manufactured.

  In the case of manufacturing the hydrogen tank 1 of this embodiment, the heat exchanger 18 is prepared, and the heat medium pipe 17 is placed in a positioning state in which the passage of the heat medium pipe 17 and the passages 45 and 46 of the header portion 39 communicate with each other. The end portions (upstream end portion 17a and downstream end portion 17b) are fixed to the header portion 19 by brazing or welding to manufacture the heat exchange unit 16 in which the heat exchanger 18 and the header portion 39 are integrated. To do.

  Subsequently, in a state where the sealing material 43 is fitted to the proximal end of the small diameter portion 39a of the header portion 39, the distal end side of the small diameter portion 39a is inserted into the opening portion 40, and the male screw portion 44 of the small diameter portion 39a is inserted into the opening portion 40. The female thread portion 41 is screwed. At this time, in a state where the distal end side of the small diameter portion 39a is inserted into the opening 40, a locking convex portion of a tool (not shown) for rotating the header portion 39 is fitted into the concave portion 47, and the tool is inserted through the tool. The header part 39 is rotated. As a result, the male screw portion 44 is screwed into the female screw portion 41 and the header portion 39 is fixed to the liner 3. Further, the seal material 43 is accommodated in the stepped portion 42 a of the recess 42 and is sandwiched between the liner 3 and the large diameter portion 39 b, and a seal between the liner 3 and the header portion 39 is ensured. .

  After the heat exchange unit 16 is attached to the liner 3, the lid portion 7 is fixed to the main body portion 5 with screws 14, and the split liner 3 is integrated. Then, the liner 3 is set in an FW device (not shown), the carbon fiber impregnated with the thermosetting resin is wound around the outer periphery of the liner 3 by the FW method, and then the thermosetting resin is cured to obtain high strength. CFRP4 is formed.

In this embodiment, in addition to the same effects as (4), (7), and (8) of the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(12) The header portion 39 functions as a cap portion, and the male screw portion 44 is fixed to the liner 3 by being screwed into the female screw portion 41. Accordingly, since the passage of the heat medium pipe 17 does not protrude from the side of the liner 3, there is no problem even if the high strength CFRP 4 is formed in the liner 3 by the FW method. Moreover, the airtightness of the storage chamber 2 can be ensured by providing only one sealing material 43.

  (13) The header part 39 is pressed toward the opening 40 by the internal pressure of the hydrogen tank 1 acting on the header part 39, and the sealing material 43 is securely pressed against the liner 3 by the large diameter part 39b. That is, the internal pressure of the hydrogen tank 1 acting on the header portion 39 acts so as to enhance the sealing performance of the sealing portion between the header portion 39 and the inner surface of the liner 3, and the sealing performance is enhanced.

  (14) Since the heat exchanger 18 is attached to the liner 3 using the header 39 that functions as a cap, the structure of the lid 7 can be obtained by appropriately changing the passages 45 and 46 provided in the header 39. Various types of heat exchangers 18 can be used without changing.

  (15) When the header portion 39 is fixed to the liner 3 in the manufacturing process of the hydrogen tank 1, the header portion 39 is rotated via a tool, so that it is easily possible without applying excessive force to the heat exchanger 18. The male screw portion 44 can be screwed into the female screw portion 41.

In addition, embodiment is not limited to the above, For example, you may change to the following aspect.
In the first and second embodiments, the liner 3 is not limited to being divided on one side only. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, both sides may be divided, and the base end side may be closed by the lid portion 7 and the distal end side may be closed by the lid portion 48.

  In 1st Embodiment, the recessed part 26 (28) which connects the channel | path 12 (13) of the cover part 7 and the three flow paths 25 (27) is not limited to being formed in the cover part 7. FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a configuration in which concave portions 49 and 49 are formed in the header portion 19 may be employed.

  ○ In the first embodiment, the passage 12 (13) is not limited to the configuration in which the passage 12 (13) branches at the recess 26 (28) and communicates with the three flow paths 25 (27). May be.

  In the first embodiment, the locking means is not limited to the screw 21, for example, a hook portion is provided on the inner surface of the lid portion 7, a step portion that can be locked by the hook portion is provided in the header portion 19, and the hook portion is stepped. The structure which attaches the header part 19 to the cover part 7 by latching to a part may be sufficient.

  In the configuration in which the header portion 19 is attached to the lid portion 7 and the heat medium is introduced into the heat medium pipe 17 through the passage 12 formed in the lid portion 7 as in the first embodiment, the lid portion 7 is made of metal. Instead, it may be made of resin. When the lid portion 7 is made of metal, when heat is supplied to the heat exchanger 18 with the heat medium, heat is released to the outside while the heat medium passes through the lid portion 7, and the temperature of the heat medium is lowered or vice versa. When cooling with the heat medium, the heat medium is warmed and the heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchanger 18 is lowered. However, when the lid portion 7 is made of resin, since the heat insulation is higher than that of metal, the temperature change of the heat medium is reduced while passing through the lid portion 7, and the heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchanger 18 is reduced. Becomes higher.

  In the first embodiment, the screw 21 is inserted from the header portion 19 side, not limited to the configuration in which the screw 21 is inserted from the lid portion 7 side and screwed to the header portion 19 and the header portion 19 is attached to the lid portion 7. It is good also as a structure attached by attaching.

  ○ In the first embodiment, the header portion 19 is not limited to being attached to the lid portion 7. For example, the header portion 19 is placed at the front end side, the heat exchange unit 16 is accommodated in the main body portion 5, and the header portion 19 is screwed The heat exchange unit 16 may be attached to the main body 5 by being fixed to the end on the front end side of the main body 5.

  In the configuration in which the header portion 39 is fixed to the liner 3 using the male screw portion 44 as in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7A, a cylindrical portion that extends in the axial direction at the tip of the liner 3 50 and the high-strength CFRP 4 may be formed on the cylindrical portion 50 as well. In this case, the opening of the opening 40 due to the internal pressure of the hydrogen tank 1 can be suppressed.

  In the configuration in which the header portion 39 is fixed to the liner 3 using the male screw portion 44 as in the third embodiment, the entire header portion 39 is not made of metal, but the passages 45 and 46 are formed. May be made of resin. For example, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), a resin cap 52 in which the accommodating portion 51 is formed by sweeping the tip end side of the header portion 39 and a part of the passages 45, 46 (only the passage 45 is shown) is formed. Is fixed with screws 53 in a state of being accommodated in the accommodating portion 51. The metal portion of the header 39 is formed with a passage that allows the passages 45 and 46 of the plug 52 to communicate with the heat transfer pipe 17, and the passage is provided between the end surface of the housing portion 51 and the end surface of the plug 52. A sealing material 54 for preventing leakage of the heat medium from the connection portions 45 and 46 is interposed. In this case, since the resin has higher heat insulation than metal, the temperature change of the heat medium is reduced while passing through the header 39 compared to the case where the entire header 39 is made of metal, and the heat exchanger The heat exchange efficiency at 18 is increased. Moreover, weight reduction of the header part 39 can be achieved by using resin. Also in this configuration, the cylindrical portion 50 may be provided at the tip of the liner 3.

  As a configuration for fixing the header portion 39 to the liner 3 using the male screw portion 44, a nut may be used instead of the configuration for screwing with the female screw portion 41 formed on the liner 3. For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, a male screw portion 44 is formed at the tip of the header portion 39, and the header portion 39 is formed so that the male screw portion 44 protrudes outside the liner 3. The nut 55 is screwed to the header 3 to fix the header 39 to the liner 3. In this case, when the header portion 39 is fixed to the liner 3 in the manufacturing process of the hydrogen tank 1, it is not necessary to rotate the header portion 39 and the liner 3 relative to each other. Become.

  As a configuration for fixing the header portion 39 to the liner 3 using the male screw portion 44, as shown in FIG. 8B, as a configuration for screwing with both the female screw portion 41 and the nut 55 formed in the liner 3. Also good. In this case, as compared with a configuration in which the male screw portion 44 is screwed with only the nut 55 or only the female screw portion 41, the screwed portion is less likely to be loosened.

Even in the configuration using the nut 55, the cylindrical portion 50 may not be provided at the tip of the liner 3.
The position of the concave portion 47 that holds the tool used for the operation of fixing the header portion 39 to the liner 3 is not limited to the tip end surface of the header portion 39 but may be the peripheral surface of the portion protruding from the liner 3.

  ○ Instead of providing the header portion 39 with a recess 47 for locking the tool used for fixing the header portion 39 to the liner 3, the header portion 39 is rotated by locking the tool in the passages 45 and 46. Also good. In this case, it is not necessary to form the recess 47.

  In the operation of fixing the header portion 39 to the liner 3, when the male screw portion 44 is screwed into the female screw portion 41, instead of rotating the header portion 39, the liner 3 is rotated while the header portion 39 is fixedly held. Also good. The header part 39 is fixed through a tool, for example.

O The entry / exit of cold water and hot water is not limited to being performed at one end on the base end side, but may be configured such that cold water and hot water are taken in at one end and discharged at the other end.
In the first embodiment, the number of the heat medium pipes 17 included in the heat exchanger 18 is not limited to one or three, and the number is not particularly limited, for example, two, four or more. At this time, flow paths 25 and 27 corresponding to the number of the heat medium pipes 17 are formed in the header portion 19.

  In the configuration in which the header portion 39 is fixed to the liner 3 using the male screw portion 44, the number of the heat medium pipes 17 included in the heat exchanger 18 is not limited to one and may be two or more. When the number of the heat medium pipes 17 is two or more, it is necessary to form the same number of passages 45 and 46 as the number of the heat medium pipes 17 in the header part 39 when the entire header part 39 is made of metal. Further, in a configuration in which a part of the header portion 39 is a resin plug 52, the plug 52 is formed with passages 45 and 46 one by one, and a concave portion 49 similar to the header portion 19 is formed on the metal portion side. The number of holes that are formed and communicated with the recesses 49 are the same as the number of the heat medium tubes 17.

  The heat exchanger 18 is not limited to a cold / hot water type in which cold water or hot water is sent to cool or heat the inside of the tank, but for example, a fin assembly that transfers heat inside the tank to the outside by a metal fin and discharges it.

The high-pressure tank is not limited to the hydrogen tank 1 and may be used as a tank for storing other fluids such as nitrogen and compressed natural gas.
○ The heating medium is not limited to water, and other fluids may be used to suppress the temperature inside the tank.

The technical idea that can be grasped from the embodiment will be described below.
(1) are arranged in the axial direction of the liner from the previous SL heat exchanger and the header portion.

(2) Before Kigakaritome means is a screw means having a head for holding a shaft portion to be screwed to the mounting target threaded state of the shaft portion.

(3) a sealing member is interposed between the front Kitai diameter and the inner surface of the liner.
(4) before Symbol male screw portion is screwed into a female screw portion provided in the opening.

(5) pre-Symbol external thread portion provided in a portion projecting outwardly of said liner from said opening, said header portion via a nut screwed to the male screw portion is fixed to the liner.

The schematic cross section of the hydrogen tank of a 1st embodiment. The schematic exploded view explaining the assembly | attachment of a cover part and a heat exchange unit. The partial expanded sectional view of the base end side of the hydrogen tank of 2nd Embodiment. (A) is a schematic cross section of the hydrogen tank of 3rd Embodiment, (b) is the elements on larger scale of (a). The schematic cross section of the hydrogen tank of another embodiment. The schematic cross section of the header part of another embodiment. (A), (b) is a partial schematic cross section of the header part of another embodiment, respectively. (A), (b) is a partial schematic cross section of the header part of another embodiment, respectively.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hydrogen tank as a high pressure tank, 3 ... Liner, 4 ... High-strength CFRP as a fiber reinforced plastic, 5 ... Main part as a liner main body, 6, 40 ... Opening part, 7, 48 ... Lid part as a division body , 11 ... base part, 12, 13, 45, 46 ... passage, 15, 31, 32, 34, 43, 54 ... sealing material, 17 ... heat transfer pipe, 17a ... upstream end as an end, 17b ... A downstream end as an end, 18 ... a heat exchanger as a device, 19, 39 ... a header part constituting an attachment object, 21 ... a bolt constituting a locking means, 22 ... a hole constituting a locking means 23, screw holes constituting the locking means, 25, 27 ... flow path, 39a ... small diameter part, 39b ... large diameter part, 44 ... male screw part.

Claims (8)

At least one side has a split-type hollow liner, a fiber reinforced plastic that covers the outer peripheral surface of the liner, and a heat exchanger accommodated in the liner, and stores the gas under a high pressure inside the liner In the high-pressure tank that
The heat exchanger is attached to the header portion by fixing the header portion to the inner surface of one of the liner body and the divided body of the liner by a locking means, and the header portion is attached. And a sealing material for ensuring airtightness between the inside of the liner and the passage of the heat medium of the heat exchanger is interposed on the joint surface of the liner main body or the divided body to which the header portion is joined. A high-pressure tank that is mounted .   The liner is divided at one end side, and an opening for fixing the header portion is provided at an end opposite to the divided side. The header portion has a small diameter portion that can be inserted into the opening, and the opening. 2. The high pressure according to claim 1, further comprising: a large-diameter portion having a larger diameter than the portion, a male screw portion formed on an outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion, and the header portion being fixed to the liner using the male screw portion. tank. The heat exchanger is a device that cools or heats a heat medium supplied from the outside through a heat medium pipe through a passage penetrating the liner,
A flow path through which the heat medium flows is formed in the header part, and an end of the heat medium pipe is fixed to the header part so that the flow path and the inside of the heat medium pipe communicate with each other. The high-pressure tank according to claim 1 or 2. The high-pressure tank according to claim 3 , wherein the header portion is attached to the divided body, and the divided body is made of resin. The high-pressure tank according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , wherein the heat medium enters and exits on one side of both end portions of the liner. The high-pressure tank according to claim 5 , wherein the gas enters and exits from the opposite side of the liner on both sides with respect to the side where the heat medium enters and exits. A high-pressure tank according to any one of claims 2 to 6 wherein the heat exchanger that has a plurality of heat transfer tubes. It is a manufacturing method of the high pressure tank according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
  A method for manufacturing a high-pressure tank, wherein the header is attached and fixed to the liner body or the divided body after the heat exchanger is joined to the header by brazing or welding.

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