JP4423014B2 - Electric motor for vehicle - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a car amphibious motor.

  In electric vehicles, a single motor is used to drive the drive wheels by distributing torque via the transmission and differential gear, and an in-wheel motor system in which the drive wheels are integrated with a reduction gear such as a planetary gear and an electric motor. Etc. have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2002-247713 A (page 5)

However, in the method of driving the driving wheels with a single electric motor as described above via a differential gear or the like, the driving efficiency is poor because the loss of the motor output by the power transmission system is large.
Moreover, in the said in-wheel motor system, since a driving wheel is driven without going through a transmission and a differential gear, drive efficiency is improved significantly. However, even in this method, since the drive wheels are driven via the reduction gear, there is still a loss in the motor output.
Further, in this in-wheel motor system, since an electric motor and a speed reducer are integrally incorporated in the drive wheel, when the vehicle suspension moves up and down according to the road surface, the electric motor, the speed reducer, etc. Will also move up and down. In other words, the weight of the portion of the suspension that can move up and down in accordance with the road surface increases due to the mounting of the electric motor and the speed reducer, leading to an increase in the so-called unsprung weight. As a result, the followability of the suspension to the road surface is lowered, and there is a problem that the ground contact property and riding comfort of the tire are greatly deteriorated.
In addition, the bearing unit used in the electric motor as described above is usually fixed in the electric motor, and it is difficult to replace the bearing unit when an abnormality occurs in the bearing of the bearing unit. It was difficult to implement.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and even when an abnormality or the like occurs in a bearing, the operation of replacing the abnormal bearing can be easily performed , and driving of a vehicle such as an electric vehicle is possible . be integrated in the wheel, it is not Na worsen the ride comfort and the ground of the tire, and an object thereof is to provide an electric machine having high drive dynamic efficient vehicles.

The vehicle electric motor of the present invention is a vehicle electric motor that includes a stator and a rotor, and rotationally drives a drive wheel of the vehicle by the rotor, and is provided so as to be able to roll between an inner ring, an outer ring, and the inner and outer rings. has a rolling bearing and a plurality of rolling elements, the axially opposite end portions of the axial end portion and the rotor of the stator, one and the other of the inner ring and the outer ring are attached, respectively, to the stator A bearing unit that rotatably supports the rotor, and the bearing unit is fitted to at least one of the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring and the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring, and the raceway ring is attached to the bearing unit. An annular housing member that is detachably fixed to the stator or the rotor. The raceway has a circumferential surface on one side of the axial direction of the stay. Or while being detachably attached to an annular attachment surface formed on the rotor side, the other side is fitted to the housing member, and the bearing unit is further attached between the inner and outer rings. A sliding contact portion having a first sealing member and a second sealing member attached to the housing member so as to close an annular opening between the inner and outer rings, and slidingly contacting a sealed surface in the both sealing members. Is characterized in that a fine powder having a specific gravity larger than that of the main component of the seal member is mixed therein .
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicular electric motor including a rotor configured in a cylindrical shape and a stator configured in a cylindrical shape and surrounded by the rotor, and configured to be connectable to a drive wheel of a vehicle. An electric motor for a vehicle that is driven to rotate, and includes a rolling bearing including an inner ring, an outer ring, and a plurality of rolling elements provided between the inner and outer rings so as to be capable of rolling, and the inner ring and the outer ring are the stator. The bearing units are respectively attached to both axial ends of the rotor and axially both ends of the rotor, and rotatably support the rotor with respect to the stator. The bearing units include an inner peripheral surface of the inner ring and the outer ring. An annular housing that is fitted to at least one peripheral surface of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor and is detachably fixed to the stator or the rotor to which the race is attached. The raceway has a member, and one of the axial directions of the raceway is detachably attached to an annular attachment surface formed on the stator or the rotor side, and the other side is the housing. The bearing unit is further fitted to the housing member so as to close the first seal member attached between the inner and outer rings and the annular opening between the inner and outer rings. Two sealing members, a lubricant is filled between the first and second sealing members, and both the sealing members are provided with sliding contact portions that are in sliding contact with the surfaces to be sealed, The sliding contact portion is formed with a recess for reducing the contact area with the surface to be sealed, and the sliding contact portion of the seal member is mixed with fine powder having a specific gravity larger than the main component of the seal member. This It is characterized in.
In the vehicular electric motor configured as described above, when one and the other of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing unit are respectively attached to the axial ends of the stator and the rotor, only the rolling bearing is damaged. In addition, the rolling bearing can be detached from the electric motor together with the housing member without disassembling the entire electric motor, and the rolling bearing can be easily replaced.

Further, in the electric machine above the vehicle, since the hollow cylindrical composed of a circular cylindrical stator and a rotor, a lighter than the motor shown in the conventional example. In addition, since the driving wheels can be directly driven by the rotor without using a reduction gear, the driving efficiency is high.

Further, the electric motor for the vehicle, wherein the bearing unit includes a first seal member mounted between said inner and outer rings, and a second seal member attached to said housing member so as to close the annular opening And the lubricant is filled between the first and second seal members, so that the seal member can be lubricated and its wear can be suppressed, and the life of the seal member is improved. Thereby, it is possible to maintain dust resistance and water resistance inside the electric motor for a long time.

Further, the electric motor for the vehicle, the seal member, with which the sliding contact portion is provided in sliding contact with the object to be sealing surfaces, this sliding contact portion, the concave portion to reduce the contact area with the object seal face formed Therefore, the contact area at the slidable contact portion is reduced, and an increase in dynamic friction force at the slidable contact portion can be suppressed even during high-speed rotation, and the life of the seal member can be improved. . Therefore, it is possible to improve the bearing life and to maintain the dust resistance and waterproof resistance inside the electric motor.

Further, in the above-described vehicle electric motor , fine powder having a specific gravity larger than that of the main component of the seal member is mixed in the sliding contact portion of the seal member, so that a centrifugal force acting on the slide contact portion of the seal member is generated. enhanced et is, it is possible to let spread sliding part according to the rotational speed of the rotor. Therefore, the contact surface pressure at the sliding contact portion can be changed according to the rotational speed of the rotor, and an increase in the dynamic friction force at the sliding contact portion can be suppressed even during high-speed rotation. Therefore, it is possible to improve the bearing life and to maintain the dust resistance and waterproof resistance inside the electric motor.

The vehicle electric motor preferably includes a magnet attached to the rotor and a Hall IC disposed on the stator so as to face the magnet.
By doing in this way, since the rotation speed and rotation position of a rotor are detectable, rotation speed control of the motor for vehicles becomes easy.

Further, in the vehicle electric motor, a communication hole formed on at least one side of the rotor and the stator and communicating the internal space and the external space of the electric motor, and the communication hole is closed, and the pressure of the internal space of the electric motor is It is preferable to provide a relief valve that opens the communication hole when a predetermined value or more is reached.
In this way, when the pressure in the internal space of the motor becomes high due to a temperature rise associated with the operation of the motor, the plug member resists the urging force of the urging means by the air pressure in the internal space. The pressure in the internal space can be lowered moderately by pushing up away from the air and opening the communication hole. Thereby, the abnormal pressure rise inside an electric motor can be suppressed.

In the vehicle electric motor, it is preferable that a water jacket provided with a cooling water channel is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the stator.
In this case, even when the motor is operated with a high load, the cooling water flowing through the cooling water passage of the water jacket can suppress the temperature increase accompanying the operation of the motor and prevent the motor from being damaged due to the temperature increase.

As described above, since the rolling bearing can be detachably attached to a device such as an electric motor, even if an abnormality occurs in the rolling bearing, the abnormal rolling bearing can be easily formed. Can be exchanged.
In addition, the vehicle electric motor according to the present invention can suppress an increase in unsprung weight even when it is integrated with a drive wheel, so that deterioration of tire ground contact and riding comfort can be suppressed. . In addition, since the driving wheels can be directly driven by the rotor without using a reduction gear, the driving efficiency is high.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, a case where the present invention is applied to an electric motor constituting a drive source of an electric vehicle will be described as an example.
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an axle direction schematically showing the structure of engagement Ru car dual motor in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view in the cylindrical axis direction showing a part of the electric motor in FIG.
In FIG. 1, the electric motor 10 of the present embodiment is provided inside a drive wheel 60 composed of a tire 60a and a wheel 60b, and is connected to the wheel 60b to drive the drive wheel 60.

As shown in FIG. 2, the electric motor 10 includes a cylindrical rotor holding portion 20 formed by combining a first holding member 20a and a second holding member 20b, a first holding member 30a, and a second holding member 20b. a cylindrical stator holder 30 formed by combining the holding member 30b, is provided with a shaft receiving unit 40 which is assembled to the axial ends of the rotor holder 20 and the stator holder 30.
A cylindrical rotor body 21 in which a rotor magnet 21 a is embedded is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the rotor holding part 20, and the cylindrical rotor R is configured by these rotor holding part 20 and the rotor body 21. ing. The stator holding part 30 is concentrically opposed to the rotor holding part 20. A cylindrical stator body 31 having a stator coil 31 a and a stator core 31 b is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the stator holding portion 30, and a cylindrical stator is formed by the stator holding portion 30 and the stator body 31. S is configured.
The bearing unit 40 includes an annular housing member 41 and a ball bearing 42. The bearing unit 40 is attached to the electric motor 10 by integrally fixing the housing member 41 to the rotor holding portion 20, and the ball bearing 42 includes an inner peripheral surface of the rotor body 21 and an outer periphery of the stator body 31. The rotor main body 21 and the rotor holding part 20 that rotates together with the stator holding part 30 are rotatably supported with respect to the stator holding part 30 so that the surface is always at a constant interval.

Returning to FIG. 1, in the electric motor 10, several protruding brackets 33 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the stator holding portion 30. A support plate 51 that is a circular plate is attached to the bracket 33. The support plate 51 has an outer diameter that is slightly smaller than the diameter of the inner circumferential surface of the stator, and is attached in parallel to the plane perpendicular to the cylindrical axis of the electric motor 10. At the center of the support plate 51, a circular hole 51a for inserting a vehicle-side axle 50, which is a fixed shaft having a circular cross section, is provided concentrically with the outer periphery thereof. The hole 51 a is formed in such a size that it does not come into contact with the axle 50 when the support plate 51 is attached to the stator holding portion 30.
A circular support plate 52 is provided so as to face the support plate 51. A circular hole 52 a for inserting the axle 50 is provided concentrically with the outer periphery at the center of the support plate 52. The hole 52a is formed with a diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the axle 50 at the position where the support plate 52 is attached. The support plate 52 is securely fixed to the axle 50 while inserting the axle 50 into the hole 52a. A sliding flexible joint 53 is attached to the outer edge portion of the surface of the support plate 52 facing the support plate 51. The flexible joint 53 connects the surfaces of the support plate 51 and the support plate 52 facing each other, and a slight positional deviation in the direction perpendicular to the cylindrical axis of the electric motor 10 is allowed.
When the support plate 51 and the support plate 52 are connected in this way, the electric motor 10 is connected to the axle 50 by the flexible joint 53 in a state in which some displacement in the direction perpendicular to the cylindrical axis is allowed. At the same time, it is held at a predetermined position in the axle direction, and the positional relationship between the electric motor 10 and the drive wheels 60 in the rotational axis direction is kept constant.

Further, a damper support member 51b is provided at the upper end portion of the support plate 51, and a damper 54 for supporting the motor is attached so as to connect the damper support member 51b and the axle 50. The damper 54 includes a case 54a in which a buffer member (not shown) is housed in a case, and a rod-shaped member 54b supported by the buffer member in the case 54a. The rod-shaped member 54b is attached to the case 54a. On the other hand, it can move in the direction perpendicular to the axis. One end of the rod-like member 54b is attached to the damper support member 51b, and the other end is supported by a buffer member housed in the case 54a. The case 54a is attached and fixed to the axle 50 so that the damper 54 is vertical. Although not shown in the drawing, a damper support member is also provided at the lower end portion of the support plate 51, and a damper for supporting the motor is attached so as to connect the damper support member and the axle 50 in the same manner as described above. Yes.
The bar-like member 54b supports the motor 10 so that it can only move up and down with respect to the case 54a. That is, the damper 54 supports the electric motor 10 so that the cylindrical shaft of the electric motor 10 coincides with the axis of the axle 50 when the vehicle is stationary. When the vehicle travels and the axle moves up and down with respect to the vehicle body, the damper 54 supports and suppresses the vertical movement of the axle 50 by the buffering action and the transmission of the vertical movement of the axle 50 to the electric motor 10. ing.
Thus, the electric motor 10 is supported with respect to the axle 50 by the dampers attached to the upper side and the lower side of the axle 50.

  The axle 50 is a shaft-shaped member having a circular cross section, and a bearing device (not shown) is provided at one end thereof, and a hub 50c is rotatably attached by the bearing device. A driving wheel 60 that contacts a road surface (not shown) is attached to the hub 50c so as to be integrally rotatable. The other end of the axle 50 is swingably attached to a vehicle body (not shown). A suspension 50d for supporting the vehicle body is attached near the end of the axle 50 on the vehicle body side. The suspension 50d is configured such that one end is attached to the axle 50 and the other end is attached to the vehicle body, and the drive wheel 60, the axle 50, and the like can swingably support the vehicle body.

A circular plate-like connecting plate 55 is attached concentrically with the rotor holding portion 20 on the side surface of the housing member 41 on the left side of the electric motor 10 in FIG. The connecting plate 55 is set to have a diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the rotor holding portion 20. A circular hole 55a is provided concentrically with the outer periphery at the center, and the axle 50 is inserted therethrough. The hole 55 a is set to a size that does not contact the axle 50 when the connecting plate 55 is attached to the housing member 41.
A connecting plate 56 is mounted concentrically with the wheel 60b on a vertical surface of the wheel 60b on the vehicle body side. The connecting plate 56 is provided with a circular hole 56a concentrically with the outer periphery of the connecting plate 56 having a diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the hub 50c, and the hub 50c is inserted into the hole 56a. . A slide type flexible joint 57 is attached to the outer edge of the connecting plate 56 on the electric motor 10 side. In the flexible joint 57, the surfaces of the connecting plate 56 and the connecting plate 55 facing each other are connected to each other, and a slight positional deviation in the direction perpendicular to the cylindrical axis is allowed.
By connecting the connecting plate 55 and the connecting plate 56 in this manner, the wheel 60b is connected to the rotor holding portion 20 by the flexible joint 57 in a state in which some displacement in the direction perpendicular to the cylindrical axis is allowed. ing. Thereby, the rotor holding | maintenance part 20 and the drive wheel 60 are connected so that integral rotation is possible.

  As described above, the electric motor 10 is attached to the axle 50 while allowing vertical movement with respect to the axle 50 via the damper 54. The rotor holding unit 20 is coupled to the drive wheel 60 so as to be integrally rotatable. Therefore, even when the electric motor 10 moves up and down with respect to the axle 50, the drive wheel 60 can be rotated by the rotor R.

FIG. 3 is a cylindrical axial sectional view showing a part of the bearing unit in FIG. 1. In the following description, the bearing unit 40 attached to the right side of the electric motor 10 in FIG. 1 will be described.
In FIG. 3, the bearing unit 40 includes a housing member 41 and a ball bearing 42 as described above. The ball bearing 42 includes a plurality of balls 43 as rolling elements, an outer ring 44 as a rotating wheel having a raceway surface on an inner peripheral surface, and an inner ring 45 as a fixed ring having a raceway surface on an outer peripheral surface. The housing member 41 has a cylindrical shape , and its inner diameter is set to be substantially the same as the outer diameter of the outer ring 44, and its outer diameter is set slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the rotor holding portion 20. In the housing member 41, through holes 41 d through which bolts 46 for fixing the housing member 41 to the rotor holding portion 20 are passed are equally arranged in a concentric circle of the housing member 41. As will be described later, the ball bearing 42 is press-fitted into the housing member 41 and integrated therewith.

  On the end surface of the rotor holding portion 20, an annular bearing mounting surface 22 to which the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 44 is mounted and a bearing regulating portion 23 for regulating the axial position of the ball bearing 42 are formed. Further, a screw portion 24 is formed on the end surface of the rotor holding portion 20 so as to coincide with the through hole 41d. A bolt 46 for fixing the housing member 41 to the rotor holding portion 20 is attached to the screw portion 24. A bearing mounting surface 32 to which the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 45 is mounted is formed on the end surface of the stator holding portion 30.

  Further, in the bearing unit 40, the inner end surface 44 a of the outer ring 44 protrudes toward the rotor holding portion 20 with respect to the inner end surface 41 a of the housing member 41, and an exposed surface 44 c is formed on one side of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 44. The housing member 41 is fitted on the other side of the outer peripheral surface. The housing member 41 is formed with an edge 41c so as to cover the end of the ball bearing 42 while restricting the position of the outer ring 44 and the ball bearing 42 in the axial direction.

When the bearing unit 40 is mounted on the electric motor 10, the exposed surface 44 c is inserted into the bearing mounting surface 22, and the bearing mounting surface 32 is inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 45. In this way, the ball bearings 42 are attached to the end portions of the rotor holding unit 20 and the stator holding unit 30, and the stator holding unit 30 supports the rotor holding unit 20 coaxially and rotatably via the ball bearings 42. Can do. At this time, the bearing mounting surface 22 and the exposed surface 44c are detachably fitted (loose fit). Similarly, the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 45 and the bearing mounting surface 32 are detachably fitted.
The housing member 41 is attached to the end surface of the rotor holding portion 20 by a plurality of bolts 46, and an annular stop plate 47 is attached by bolts 48. At this time, both ends of the outer ring 44 are reliably positioned with respect to the rotor holding portion 20 by the bearing restricting portion 23 and the edge portion 41c, so that the ball bearing 42 is positioned with respect to the electric motor. In this way, the bearing unit 40 is attached to the electric motor 10.

  A slight gap is provided between the inner end surface 45 a of the inner ring 45 and the end surface of the stator holding portion 30 and between the outer end surface 45 b and the stop plate 47. This is to allow a difference in the amount of thermal expansion between the rotor holding part 20 and the stator holding part 30 that occurs when the temperature of the electric motor 10 increases during operation.

In FIG. 3, a portion of the edge portion 41 c facing the inner ring outer end surface 45 b has a cylindrical shape mainly composed of, for example, synthetic rubber so as to close an opening formed by the inner ring outer end surface 45 b and the edge portion 41 c. A seal member 70 is attached.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a part of the seal member. Referring also to FIG. 3, this seal member 70 has an attachment portion 70a attached to a groove portion 41e formed in the housing member edge portion 41c, and a sliding contact portion 70c in contact with the inner ring outer end surface 45b. The opening formed by the end face 45b and the edge 41c is closed. When the electric motor 10 is in operation, the seal member 70 rotates with the rotor holding portion 20, and thus the sliding contact portion 70 c is configured to seal the opening while being in sliding contact with the inner ring outer end surface 45 b.

The sliding contact portion 70c has recesses 70d continuously formed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction by cutting out a part of the sliding contact portion 70c. And when the sealing member 70 is attached to the groove part 41e, it is attached in the state bent by the bending part 70b. At this time, the slidable contact portion 70c is attached so that the tip thereof faces the outer peripheral direction. By doing in this way, the sliding contact part 70c is pressed against the inner ring outer side end surface 45b with the elastic force which the seal member 70 tends to return to an extension state, and the sealing effect is heightened.
Further, in the seal member 70, for example, fine powder of iron is mixed and molded into the main component synthetic rubber only in the vicinity of the sliding contact portion 70c. As a result, the specific gravity is increased only in the vicinity of the sliding contact portion 70 c as compared with other portions of the seal member 70.

  Referring to FIG. 3, an annular seal member 71 mainly composed of synthetic rubber, for example, is attached to the end of the raceway surface of the inner ring 45 so as to close the annular opening of the ball bearing 42. The seal member 71 is attached to a groove portion 45 c formed on the raceway surface side of the inner ring 45, and the sliding contact portion 71 c contacts the raceway surface side end portion 44 d of the outer ring 44 and closes the annular opening of the ball bearing 42. It is out. During the operation of the electric motor 10, the annular opening is sealed while the rotating outer ring raceway surface side end 44d is in sliding contact with the non-rotating sliding contact 71c.

Similarly to the seal member 70 described above, the seal member 71 is also formed with recesses continuously at equal intervals along the circumferential direction by notching part of the slide contact portion 71c. . When the seal member 71 is attached to the ball bearing 42, the seal member 71 is attached in a bent state, and the sliding contact portion 71c is moved to the end portion on the outer ring raceway surface side due to the elastic force of the seal member 71 returning to the straightened state. The sealing effect is enhanced by pressing against 44d.
An annular space 72 formed by the seal member 70, the seal member 71, the ball bearing 42, and the housing member 41 is filled with, for example, grease and is held so as not to leak to the outside.

  FIG. 5 is a sectional view in the cylindrical axis direction showing a part of the electric motor 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 1. An annular magnet 26 is integrally fixed to an annular magnet mounting portion 25 formed on the inner peripheral side of the rotor holding portion 20. The outer periphery of the magnet 26 is formed to have substantially the same diameter as the inner diameter of the magnet mounting portion 25, and a plurality of magnetic poles are continuously arranged. The Hall IC 34 including the Hall element is fixed to an attachment plate 35 attached to the stator holding portion 30. The Hall IC 34 is fixed so that the inner peripheral surface of the annular magnet 25 that rotates integrally with the rotor holding portion 20 and the Hall IC 34 are always opposed to each other with a constant interval.

Since the rotor R and the stator S are configured in a cylindrical shape, the electric motor 10 according to this embodiment configured as described above can be lighter than the conventional example. Accordingly, even when the electric motor 10 is mounted on the axle 50 as in this embodiment, an increase in unsprung weight can be suppressed. In addition, since the electric motor 10 directly drives the driving wheels 60 by the rotor R without using a reduction gear or the like, the driving efficiency is high.
Further, in the present embodiment, the electric motor 10 is supported on the axle 50 via the damper 54 and the flexible joint 53, and the driving wheel 60 and the rotor holding portion 20 are connected by the flexible joint 57. Accordingly, even when the vehicle travels and the axle shaft vibrates up and down, the electric motor 10 can move up and down with respect to the axle 50. Therefore, the transmission of the vertical movement of the axle shaft 50 to the electric motor 10 is suppressed, and the electric motor 10 can be prevented from vibrating in the vertical direction with respect to the vehicle body as much as possible. Thereby, since the influence which the electric motor 10 has on the axle shaft 50 can be reduced, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the followability of the drive wheels 60 to the road surface and to suppress a deterioration in riding comfort. Further, in the electric motor 10, the load load for supporting the vehicle is borne by the axle 50 and the suspension 50d supporting the drive wheels 60, and the load load does not act on the electric motor 10 at all. It is installed. Thereby, since the necessity for considering the load which acts from the outside becomes low, the electric motor 10 can be made into a more lightweight structural design.

  In the present embodiment, the annular space 72 formed by the seal member 70, the seal member 71, the ball bearing 42, and the housing member 41 is filled with grease. The sliding contact portions 70c and 71c are always lubricated with grease. As a result, the sliding contact portions 70c and 71c can suppress wear even if they slide with members in contact therewith, and the life of both seal members 70 and 71 is improved. Thereby, it is possible to maintain dust resistance and water resistance inside the electric motor for a long period of time. In addition, since the concave portions are continuously formed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction by cutting out part of the sliding contact portions 70c and 71c, the sliding contact portions 70c and 71c are in contact with the sliding contact portions 70c and 71c. The contact area with the member is reduced, and the dynamic frictional force at the sliding contact portions 70c and 71c can be suppressed from increasing even at high speed rotation, and the life of the seal members 70 and 71 can be improved. . Therefore, it is possible to improve the bearing life and to maintain the dust resistance and waterproof resistance inside the electric motor.

  Further, since the seal member 70 is attached with the sliding contact portion 70c bent so as to face the outer peripheral direction, when the seal member 70 rotates at a high speed during operation of the electric motor 10, the sliding contact portion 70c has a centrifugal force. Due to the force in the outer circumferential direction. That is, a centrifugal force acts on the sliding contact portion 70c so as to be separated from the inner ring outer end surface 45b. In addition, the vicinity of the sliding contact portion 70c is formed by mixing fine powder of iron into the main component synthetic rubber, and only the vicinity of the sliding contact portion 70c has a higher specific gravity than other portions. Therefore, the centrifugal force acting on the sliding contact portion 70c is further increased, and the force in the direction away from the inner ring outer end surface 45b is increased. Thereby, the sliding contact part 70c can be expanded according to the rotational speed of the rotor R. Therefore, the contact surface pressure at the sliding contact portion 70c can be changed according to the rotational speed of the rotor R, and an increase in the dynamic friction force at the sliding contact portion 70c can be suppressed even during high-speed rotation. Therefore, it is possible to improve the bearing life and to maintain the dust resistance and waterproof resistance inside the electric motor.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since the stator holding part 30 is provided with the Hall IC 34 and the rotor holding part 20 is provided with the annular magnet 25, the rotational speed and rotational position of the rotor can be detected during the operation of the electric motor 10. The operation control of the electric motor 10 can be made easy.

  In the bearing unit 40 according to this embodiment, the ball bearings 42 are attached to both axial ends of the rotor R and the stator S. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 45 is detachably fitted to the bearing mounting surface 32 on the stator S side, and the exposed surface 44c formed on one side of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 44 is on the rotor R side. A housing member 41 detachably fitted to the bearing mounting surface 22 and fitted to the other side of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring is detachably fixed to the rotor holding portion 20 on the rotor R side. Thereby, the ball bearing 42 can be detachably attached to the electric motor 10, and only the ball bearing 42 is removed from the electric motor 10 without disassembling the electric motor 10 when the ball bearing 42 is inspected or abnormal. Can be installed and removed.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view in the cylindrical axis direction showing a part of the vehicle electric motor according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The main difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the rotor holding portion 20 is provided with a relief valve 27 configured to allow ventilation in only one direction from the internal space of the electric motor 10 to the external space. is there.
The relief valve 27 includes a communication hole 27e formed in the rotor holding portion 20, a valve seat 27f provided on the inner space side in the communication hole 27e, and a plug member arranged to be movable in the communication hole 27e. And a spring 27d as an urging means disposed inside the communication hole 27e, and a cylindrical member 27a for holding the spring 27d in the communication hole 27e.
The communication hole 27e communicates the internal space and the external space of the electric motor 10, and the inner diameter thereof is set to a diameter that allows the ball 27c to move freely. The valve seat 27f is formed in a hemispherical shape so that the ball 27c can be brought into close contact. When the ball 27c comes into close contact with the valve seat 27f, the communication hole 27e is closed, and the ball 27c is closed. When separated from 27f, the communication hole 27e is opened. The ball 27c is in contact with the other end of a spring 27d that is in contact with the cylindrical member 27a at one end. The ball 27c is urged toward the valve seat 27f by the spring 27d. The close contact between the ball 27c and the valve seat 27f is maintained by the urging force, and the communication hole 27e is held in a closed state.

  In the relief valve 27 configured in this way, when the internal space is heated by the temperature rise inside the electric motor 10 due to the operation of the electric motor 10 and the internal pressure rises, the ball 27c has its internal pressure ( A force pushed upward by the air pressure) acts on the outer side of the rotor holding portion 20. When the internal pressure reaches or exceeds the urging force of the spring 27d, the ball 27c is separated from the valve seat 27f by the pushed-up force. As a result, the relief valve 27 is operated, and the communication hole 27e is changed from the closed state to the opened state, so that the internal pressure of the electric motor 10 can be reduced. At this time, the free length of the spring 27d, the spring constant, the inner diameters of the communication hole 27e and the vent hole 27b, etc. are set so that the internal pressure of the electric motor 10 can be maintained at an optimum value.

The electric motor 10 according to the present embodiment configured as described above is provided with the relief valve 27 that opens only when the pressure inside the electric motor increases due to the temperature rise associated with its operation. An abnormal pressure rise inside the motor can be suppressed while preventing dust and moisture from entering the motor.
In the above description, the configuration in which the relief valve 27 is provided in the rotor holding portion 20 has been described. However, the relief valve 27 may be provided in the stator holding portion 30 on the stator S side. The relief valve 27 uses a ball 27c as a plug member and a valve seat 27f formed in a hemispherical shape. However, a triangular prism-shaped plug member and a valve seat that can be in close contact with the plug member are provided. It may be used.

FIG. 7 is a cylindrical axial direction sectional view showing a part of the electric motor 10 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The main difference between this embodiment and the first and second embodiments is that a water jacket 37 for cooling the electric motor 10 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the stator holding portion 30.
The water jacket 37 has a cooling water passage 37a formed therein. The water jacket 37 is press-fitted so that the outer peripheral surface of the water jacket 37 is in close contact with a water jacket mounting portion 38 formed on the inner peripheral portion of the stator holding portion 30. At this time, the attachment portion 38 is formed such that no step is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the stator holding portion 30 when the water jacket 37 is press-fitted. And it is comprised so that a cooling water may be poured into the cooling water channel 37a and the stator holding | maintenance part 30 may be cooled.
Even when the electric motor 10 according to the present embodiment configured as described above is operated with a high load, the water jacket 37 suppresses a temperature increase caused by the operation of the electric motor, and the electric motor is damaged due to the temperature increase. Can be prevented.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view in the cylindrical axis direction showing a part of the electric motor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment and the first is different from the second and third embodiments, the configuration of the bearings units 80 that are attached to the motor 10 at both ends, is mounted a housing member to the inner peripheral side of the inner ring Is a point.

A bearing unit 80 shown in the present embodiment in the drawing includes a first housing member 81, a second housing member 82, and a ball bearing 83. The ball bearing 83 includes a ball 84 as a rolling element, an outer ring 85 as a rotating wheel having a raceway surface on an inner peripheral surface, and an inner ring 86 as a fixed ring having a raceway surface on an outer peripheral surface. The first housing member 81 has a cylindrical shape, and its inner diameter is set to be substantially the same as the outer diameter of the outer ring 85 of the ball bearing 83, and its outer diameter is set slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the rotor holding portion 20. Has been. In the first housing member 81, through holes 81 c through which bolts 87 for fixing the first housing member 81 to the rotor holding portion 20 are passed are equally arranged in a concentric circle of the first housing member 81. . The second housing member 82 also has a cylindrical shape, and its outer diameter is set to be substantially the same as the inner peripheral diameter of the inner ring 86 of the ball bearing 83, and its inner diameter is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the stator holding portion 30. Is set. In the second housing member 82, through holes 82 c through which bolts 89 for fixing the second housing member 82 to the stator holding portion 30 are passed are equally arranged in a concentric circle of the second housing member 82. . As will be described later, the second housing member 82 is press-fitted into the inner diameter of the ball bearing 83, and the ball bearing 83 is press-fitted into the inner diameter of the first housing member 81 and integrated.

  On the end surface of the rotor holding portion 20, an annular bearing mounting surface 22 to which the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 85 is mounted and a bearing regulating portion 23 for regulating the axial position of the ball bearing 83 are formed. Further, a screw portion 24 is formed on the end surface of the rotor holding portion 20 so as to coincide with the through hole 81c. A bolt 87 for fixing the first housing member 81 to the rotor holding portion 20 is attached to the screw portion 24. A bearing mounting surface 32 to which the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 45 is mounted is formed on the end surface of the stator holding portion 30. Further, a threaded portion 39 is formed on the end surface of the stator holding portion 30 so as to coincide with the through hole 82c. A bolt 89 for fixing the second housing member 82 to the rotor holding portion 20 is attached to the screw portion 39.

  Further, in the bearing unit 80, the inner end surface 85 a of the outer ring 85 protrudes toward the rotor holding portion 20 from the inner end surface 81 a of the first housing member 81, and an exposed surface 85 c is formed on one side of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 85. As described above, the first housing member 81 is fitted to the other side of the outer peripheral surface. Similarly, the inner end face 86a of the inner ring 86 protrudes toward the stator holding portion 30 side with respect to the inner end face 82a of the second housing member 82, and an exposed face 86c is formed on one side of the inner peripheral face of the inner ring 86. In addition, the second housing member 82 is fitted to the other side of the inner peripheral surface.

When the bearing unit 80 is mounted on the electric motor 10, the exposed surface 85 c is inserted into the bearing mounting surface 22 of the rotor holding unit 20, and the exposed surface 86 c is inserted into the bearing mounting surface 32 of the stator holding unit 30. In this way, the ball bearing 83 is attached to the ends of the rotor holding portion 20 and the stator holding portion 30, and the stator holding portion 30 can support the rotor holding portion 20 coaxially and rotatably via the ball bearing 83. it can. At this time, the bearing mounting surface 22 and the exposed surface 85c are detachably fitted. Similarly, the exposed surface 86c and the bearing mounting surface 32 are detachably fitted.
The first housing member 81 is fixed to the end surface of the rotor holding portion 20 by a plurality of bolts 87, and the second housing member 82 is fixed to the end surface of the stator holding portion 30 by a plurality of bolts 89. Yes.
Further, an annular seal member 90 is attached to an annular opening formed by the first housing member 81 and the second housing member 82 in order to protect the ball bearing 83. In order to prevent the seal member 90 from falling off, an annular stopper plate 88 is fastened together by a bolt 89 that fixes the second housing member 82 to the stator. In this way, the bearing unit 80 is attached to the electric motor 10.

Bearings unit constructed as described above 80, since the exposed surfaces 85c and 86c are detachably fitted to the bearing mounting surface 22 and 32 which correspond, to the electric motor 10 to the ball bearing 83 It can be attached detachably. Thereby, similarly to the above embodiment, when the ball bearing 83 is inspected or when an abnormality occurs, only the ball bearing 42 can be attached to or detached from the motor 10 without disassembling the motor 10. In the present embodiment, the opening of the ball bearing 83 can be sealed with an annular seal member 90 attached to the bearing unit 80, so that the dust resistance and water resistance of the bearing unit 40 are improved, and the bearing life is increased. Can be suppressed.

  In the bearing unit 80 shown in the present embodiment, the second housing member 82 is press-fitted into the inner diameter of the inner ring 85, but the inner diameter of the inner ring 85 and the second housing member 82 are detachably fitted. It may be. This is because the second housing member 82 is attached to the inner ring 85 and does not rotate itself, so that it is not necessary to fix it particularly firmly.

In Bearings units 40, 80 has been described above, the case of fitting the housing member 41 only on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, showed a case of fitting the housing member 81 on the peripheral surface of the inner and outer rings, A configuration in which the housing member is fitted only to the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring may be employed.
Further, the upper Symbol bearings units 40, 80, the outer ring rotor R is attached to, but the inner ring has been a structure in which the stator S is mounted, the configuration of an electric motor to which the bearing unit is attached, to the outer ring stator May be attached, and the rotor may be attached to the inner ring.

  Although the above-described embodiment of the vehicle motor according to the present invention is applied to an electric vehicle, it is applied to a tire-driven new traffic system, a cargo handling system, etc., or a track using an iron wheel instead of a tire. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to a tram or a rail bus running on the road.

Further, the bearings units described above, was used a ball bearing as the rolling bearing may be used rolling bearings other than ball bearings, such as roller bearings.

Motor vehicle of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, the configuration and the electric motor, the method mounted on the vehicle, the number of installation of the bearing unit, the installation number and installation locations, etc. of the housing members, the It can change suitably based on the meaning of invention.

The configuration of the first embodiment engagement Ru car dual motor in the form of the present invention is a cross-sectional view of an axle direction indicated schematically. FIG. 2 is a cylindrical axial direction sectional view showing a part of the electric motor in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a cylindrical axial direction sectional view showing a part of the bearing unit in FIG. 1. It is a schematic diagram showing a part of seal member. FIG. 2 is a cylindrical axial direction sectional view showing a part of the electric motor in FIG. 1. It is a cylindrical axial direction sectional view showing a part of electric motor concerning a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a cylindrical axial direction sectional view showing a part of electric motor concerning a third embodiment of the present invention. It is a cylindrical axial direction sectional view showing a part of electric motor concerning a 4th embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Electric motor 21 Rotor main body 22 Bearing mounting surface 26 Magnet 27 Relief valve 27e Communication hole 31 Stator main body 32 Bearing mounting surface 34 Hall IC
37 Water jacket 40, 80 Bearing unit 41, 81, 82 Housing member 42, 83 Ball bearing 43, 84 Ball (rolling element)
44, 85 Outer ring 44c, 85c, 86c Exposed surface 45, 86 Inner ring 60 Drive wheel 70, 71, 90 Seal member 70c, 71c Sliding part 70d Recess R Rotor S Stator

Claims (5)

A vehicular electric motor comprising a stator and a rotor, wherein a driving wheel of the vehicle is rotated by the rotor,
An inner ring, an outer ring and, have a rolling bearing that includes a plurality of rolling elements disposed rollably between these inner and outer rings, the axial ends of the axial end portion and the rotor of said stator, said One and the other of the inner ring and the outer ring are attached, respectively, and includes a bearing unit that rotatably supports the rotor with respect to the stator,
The bearing unit is fitted to at least one of the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, and is detachably fixed to the stator or the rotor to which the race ring is attached. The bearing ring is detachably attached to the annular attachment surface formed on the stator or the rotor side on one side in the axial direction of the raceway ring . And the other side is fitted to the housing member ,
The bearing unit further includes a first seal member attached between the inner and outer rings and a second seal member attached to the housing member so as to close an annular opening between the inner and outer rings. An electric motor for a vehicle , wherein a fine powder having a specific gravity larger than that of a main component of the seal member is mixed in a sliding contact portion that is in sliding contact with a surface to be sealed in both the seal members . A vehicular electric motor including a rotor configured in a cylindrical shape and a stator configured in a cylindrical shape and surrounded by the rotor, configured to be connectable to a driving wheel of a vehicle and rotating the driving wheel by the rotor,
A rolling bearing having an inner ring, an outer ring, and a plurality of rolling elements provided between the inner and outer rings so as to be able to roll; the inner ring and the outer ring are axially opposite ends of the stator and a shaft of the rotor; A bearing unit that is attached to each of both ends in the direction, and rotatably supports the rotor with respect to the stator;
The bearing unit is fitted to at least one of the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, and is detachably fixed to the stator or the rotor to which the race ring is attached. And the bearing ring is detachably attached to an annular attachment surface formed on the stator or the rotor side on the circumferential surface of the raceway ring. The other side is fitted to the housing member,
The bearing unit further includes a first seal member attached between the inner and outer rings and a second seal member attached to the housing member so as to close an annular opening between the inner and outer rings. In addition, a lubricant is filled between the first and second sealing members,
Both the sealing members are provided with a sliding contact portion that is in sliding contact with the surface to be sealed, and a concave portion that reduces a contact area with respect to the surface to be sealed is formed in the sliding contact portion,
A vehicular electric motor characterized in that a fine powder having a specific gravity larger than that of a main component of the seal member is mixed in the sliding contact portion of the seal member. The vehicle electric motor according to claim 1 , further comprising: a magnet attached to the rotor; and a Hall IC disposed in the stator so as to face the magnet . A communication hole that is formed on at least one side of the rotor and the stator and communicates an internal space and an external space of the motor;
4. The vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a relief valve that closes the communication hole and opens the communication hole when the pressure in the internal space of the electric motor exceeds a predetermined value . Electric motor. The electric motor for vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a water jacket provided with a cooling water channel is provided on an inner peripheral surface of the stator .

Images