JP4309901B2 - Optical disk medium and optical disk reading method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical disk medium on which information (for example, digital video information) is recorded at a high density and an optical disk reading method.

  In recent years, the density of optical disc media has been increasing. Generally, a track groove is formed in advance on a recordable optical disc medium, and information is recorded along the track groove, that is, on the track groove or in an area (land) sandwiched between the track grooves. A sine wave wobble is formed in the track groove, and information is recorded in synchronization with a clock generated based on the meandering cycle. In addition, an address is provided along the track groove in order to record information at a predetermined position on the optical disk recording surface. The configuration of this address will be described below with three examples.

  First, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-309672 discloses an optical disc in which information can be reproduced as so-called prepits by locally forming a track groove in which wobbles are formed intermittently. In this case, an address dedicated area and a data dedicated area for recording information coexist on the track.

  Next, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-189934 discloses an optical disc in which address information (sub information) is written according to the wobble frequency. In this case, the data information is overwritten on the address information.

  Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-326138 discloses an optical disc in which prepits are formed between a track groove and a track groove adjacent to the track groove, and an address is formed by the prepit.

  However, considering the future high density, each of the above-described configurations has a problem. First, a separate address area is provided on the track as pre-pits. In this case, however, the data area will be deleted as much as the address area is secured (so-called overhead), and the recording capacity will have to be reduced accordingly. Absent.

  Next, the frequency-modulated wobble is provided. The groove wobble is originally provided mainly for generating a clock for recording information, and the groove wobble is formed with a single frequency. Is desirable. That is, with a single frequency, a recording clock signal with high accuracy can be generated by simply multiplying the wobble reproduction signal by using a PLL or the like. However, when this groove wobble has a plurality of frequency components, the PLL follow-up band has to be lowered as compared with the case of a single wobble in order to avoid the PLL pseudo lock. In such a case, the PLL cannot sufficiently follow the jitter caused by disk motor jitter, disk eccentricity, etc., and as a result, the recording signal may be left with jitter.

In addition, when the recording film formed on the optical disk recording surface is, for example, a phase change film, the S / N ratio of the recording film may decrease while rewriting is repeated. Even at this time, if it is a single wobble frequency, it is possible to remove a noise component using a band-pass filter having a narrow band. However, when the wobble is frequency-modulated, the band of the frequency-modulated filter must be expanded, so that a noise component is mixed in the wobble reproduction signal, and jitter is further increased. Since the jitter margin decreases as the recording density increases, such an increase in jitter is not preferable.

  In addition, prepits are formed between the track grooves, but since the prepits naturally affect the reading of the adjacent track grooves, it is difficult to make the length of the prepits sufficiently long and the number of When the density is increased, detection errors may increase.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an optical disc medium that can reduce overhead as much as possible and can express an address in a single frequency groove wobble, an optical disc apparatus that reproduces the optical disc, and an optical disc reproduction method. For the purpose.

An optical disk medium of the present invention is an optical disk medium including a track groove in which a sine wave wobble is formed, the track groove including a block, the block including a plurality of unit sections, and the plurality of unit sections. Each includes a plurality of unit subsections, each of the plurality of unit subsections includes a part of address information, and the part of the address information is included in a predetermined first wobble or second wobble. The first wobble and the second wobble have the same frequency as the sine wave wobble, and the first wobble is The rising slope is gentle and the falling slope is steep, and the second wobble has a rising slope with respect to the sine wave wobble. Steep, wherein the falling slope having a gentle shape.

An optical disk reading method of the present invention is an optical disk reading method for reading address information recorded on an optical disk medium, wherein the optical disk includes a track groove in which a sine wave-like wobble is formed, the track groove includes a block, The block includes a plurality of unit sections, each of the plurality of unit sections includes a plurality of unit subsections, each of the plurality of unit subsections includes a part of address information, and a part of the address information is previously stored. One of the determined first wobble or second wobble, and the first wobble and the second wobble have the same frequency as the sine wave wobble, The first wobble has a shape in which the rising slope is gentle and the falling slope is steep with respect to the sine wave wobble. The second wobble has a shape with a steep rising slope and a gradual falling slope with respect to the sine wave wobble, and the optical disc reading method uses a light beam on the optical disc medium. Irradiating, generating an electrical signal based on the light reflected from the optical disc, and detecting a part of the address information from the electrical signal.

An optical disc recording method of the present invention is a method for recording information on an optical disc based on address information recorded on an optical disc medium, the optical disc comprising a track groove on which a sine wave wobble is formed, and the track groove is a block The block includes a plurality of unit sections, each of the plurality of unit sections includes a plurality of unit subsections, each of the plurality of unit subsections includes a part of address information, and the address information A part is shown as either a predetermined first wobble or a second wobble, and the first wobble and the second wobble have the same frequency with respect to the sine wave wobble. The first wobble has a gentle rise slope and a steep fall slope with respect to the sine wave wobble. The second wobble has a shape with a steep rising slope and a gradual falling slope with respect to the sine wave wobble, and the recording method uses a light beam on the optical disc medium. Irradiating; generating an electrical signal based on the light reflected from the optical disk; detecting a part of the address information from the electrical signal; and the optical disk based on the detected address information And a step of recording information.

  As described above, the present invention forms a plurality of wobbles having a predetermined shape in a track groove in which main information is recorded in units of blocks. The wobble indicates sub-information that is uniquely described in a frame obtained by dividing the block into a predetermined number K. By repeatedly forming a wobble indicating sub information for each of a plurality of frames in a block, address information can be formed with little or no overhead. In addition, a single frequency wobble reproduction signal (that is, a synchronization signal) can be obtained, and an optical disk medium suitable for high density can be provided.

  Also, some sub information in the sub information group indicates a sector number or ID number. As a result, if it is not a continuous read operation (for example, immediately after seek), the sector number or ID number of the sector immediately after seek is not read but the sector number or ID number of the sector immediately after seek is read. It is possible to read the block ID from. In addition, by determining the block ID in units of sectors including a plurality of sectors in the block, it is possible to perform post-processing (data reading and recording operations, etc.) at a quick timing.

  The block ID is repeatedly formed a plurality of times within one block. This can increase the reliability of reading the block ID.

  In addition, in the lead-in area and the lead-out area, disc management information is indicated by a sawtooth wobble formed in advance. As a result, the tracking system can be unified over the entire surface of the disk, and the optical disk apparatus can be simplified.

  Further, the wobble frequency is made different between the lead-in area and the lead-out area and the recording / reproducing area. As a result, it is possible to efficiently record the disk management information in advance in a limited area of the inner and outer lead-in and lead-out areas.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the optical disc medium 20 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 2, a track groove 102 is formed on the optical disk recording surface 101 in a spiral shape. FIG. 1 shows a track groove 102 of the optical disk medium 20. As shown in FIG. 1, the track groove 102 has a shape characterized for each block unit. In FIG. 1, a block mark (identification mark) 210 is an index indicating the head of a block.

  In the track groove 102 of the present embodiment, wobbles (meandering) 26 and 27 having a predetermined shape are divided into N sections (N = 32) with a block mark 210 provided by cutting the track groove 102 as the head. Alternatively, the sector 25 (unit section) in which N = 16) is periodically provided in frames (unit subsections) # 0 to # 25 obtained by further dividing M (M = 26). The wobbles 26 and 27 are formed so that their shapes are different from each other, and indicate the sub-information (“0”, “1” or “S”) uniquely described in the frames # 0 to # 25. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, wobbles 26 and 27 are formed in a sawtooth shape having different rising displacement and falling displacement depending on whether the sub-information is “1” or “0” per cycle. Has been. By combining the wobbles 26 and 27, a sub information sequence (sub information group) is shown.

  This difference in rising slope can be easily detected from a signal reproduced by differential push-pull detection. That is, if the scanning laser beam is irradiated onto the track groove 102 and the differential signal (that is, push-pull signal) of the light receiving element divided in the track vertical direction (that is, radial direction) is generated, the sub information is “0” or “1”. "Detection signals with different rising and falling slopes can be obtained. This difference in inclination can be easily identified, for example, by differentiating the detection signal.

  Therefore, the sub information can be detected from the magnitude of the differential value. However, when using differentiation, the noise component is naturally enhanced, so there is a concern that a detection error may occur in a high-density optical disk medium with a poor S / N ratio. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the reliability of detection is enhanced by repeatedly forming the same wobble-shaped pattern a plurality of times.

  First, main information (for example, rewritable user data) is recorded in block units 241 having a predetermined length, for example, 64 KB (or 32 KB), along the track groove 102 starting from the block mark 210. The main information can be recorded as light and dark recording marks 28. The recording mark 28 is recorded by changing the phase of the recording layer. The block unit is a unit for information processing, and means, for example, an ECC block. The block unit 241 includes sectors 25 that are sub-blocks of 2 KB each divided into 32 (or 16 divided as N = 16) with N = 32. The sector 25 includes frames # 0 to # 25 divided into 26 with M = 26. Here, the frame is a small unit of each information recorded on the track groove 102. As shown in frames 22 and 23 corresponding to frames # 0 to # 25 in which these pieces of information are recorded, only wobbles having the same shape are periodically formed in advance in the same frame. Thus, by describing 1-bit sub information “0”, “1”, or “S” in each of the frames 22 and 23, the corresponding block is included in the 26-bit (M = 26) sub-information group included in each sector. ID (address information) will be described. A SYNC mark is recorded at the head of frames # 0 to # 25. When the main information is recorded as a recording mark by the SYNC mark, a synchronization signal indicating the head of the frame is obtained. A reference clock for synchronizing the rotation of the optical disk medium with the recording signal is obtained by the wobble period, and this is also used as a synchronization signal when reproducing the address information.

  The block ID may include not only information indicating an address number but also a code for correcting or detecting an error such as an error correction code, an error check code, and a parity code.

  Only the wobble 26 having a gentle rising slope and a steep falling slope is formed on the frame 22 and only the wobble 27 having a steep rising slope and a gentle falling slope is formed on the frame 23. Has been. For example, assuming that one frame is 8 wobble cycles, 8 × 26 = 208 wobbles 26 and 27 are formed in one sector.

  Even if there is some detection error due to noise, if the difference between the rising and falling edges of 208 wobbles 26 and 27 can be detected as a whole, the sub information group recorded in the sector 25 can be accurately determined. Further, the reliability of reading is further improved by repeating the same block ID 32 times when N = 32 (or 16 times when N = 16). As a specific discrimination method, for example, if the differential waveform of the differential push-pull signal is sampled and held at each rise and fall, and the sum of each rise and fall is compared, The noise component is canceled and only the sub information component can be extracted.

  In the case of the present embodiment, the block mark 210 is provided by cutting the track groove 102, so there is a problem in overwriting the main information on the block mark 210. This is because the amount of reflected light differs greatly depending on whether a groove is present or not, and acts as a disturbance to the reproduction signal. Therefore, in this embodiment, an area including the block mark 210 is allocated as the VFO recording area 21. The VFO recording area 21 is an area where a VFO 211, which is a single frequency signal for pulling in a PLL in order to reproduce main information recorded subsequent thereto, is recorded. The VFO 211 only causes local jitter even if there is some disturbance fluctuation, and does not cause an error directly. Furthermore, since the VFO has a single frequency, it is possible to frequency-separate disturbances caused by block marks.

  In this embodiment, the block unit 241 that is one block is divided into 32 (or 16) sectors 25, and each sector 25 is divided into 26, and the sub information is included in the section of frames # 0 to # 25. Correspondingly shaped wobbles 26 and 27 are formed in advance. Since the block ID is represented by the sub information group recorded in one sector 25, the same block ID (address information) can be repeatedly formed in 32 (or 16) sectors 25 in the block. It is.

  In this case, in the sub information group, a repetition number of a block ID (address information) can be included in the sub information group. By including the repetition number in the sub information group, it can be used for majority processing when determining the address number, and which sector in the block is being read, or what number in the block is in the sub information group. Information such as whether the information group is incorrect can be obtained, and information useful for signal processing can be obtained.

  In addition, in an optical disc having a plurality of recording surfaces, the layer number of the recording surface can be included in the sub information group. By including the layer number, it is possible to easily determine the recording surface.

  As described above, according to this embodiment, one information block is divided into 32 sectors with N = 32 (or 16 with N = 16), and each sector is divided into 26 with M = 26. A wobble having a shape corresponding to the sub information is formed in advance. By repeatedly forming the same block ID (address information) in 32 (or 16) sectors in a block, an address can be formed without overhead and without providing a pre-pit between grooves.

  Further, the wobble shown in the present embodiment rises depending on the sub information, and the wobble frequency itself does not change even if the falling shape is different. Thus, when extracting a clock signal for recording, after removing noise components using a bandpass filter having a band that allows the frequency to pass through, and simply multiplying synchronously using a PLL, jitter can be reduced. A small number of clock signals can be obtained.

Further, it is possible to improve the read reliability of the block ID by repeating the block ID.

  In this embodiment, the block ID is 26 bits, which is the same as the number of frames. However, the address information is not limited to 26 bits, and depending on the data capacity to be recorded on the optical disk or the type and method of the error correction code, The number of bits of the necessary block ID (address information) may be assigned to the sub information group.

  In this embodiment, the block is divided into 32 blocks with N = 32 (or 16 with N = 16) in the block unit, but the present invention is not limited to the number of sectors.

  In the present embodiment, the sub information is recorded in units of frames in which one sector is divided into 26 with M = 26. However, the present invention is not limited to the number of such frames.

  In the present embodiment, the sub information is modulated and recorded into a sawtooth wobble, but the present invention is not limited to such a wobble shape. For example, the sub information can be modulated and arranged in the wobble shown in FIGS.

  In the present embodiment, the block mark is provided by cutting the track groove, but the present invention is not limited to the shape of the block mark. For example, a block mark can be modulated and arranged in the wobble shown in FIGS.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the track groove 10 according to the second embodiment. The track groove 10 corresponds to the track groove 102 of the optical disk medium 20 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, sub-information “S” recorded in the frame 24 is indicated in addition to the sub-information “0” recorded in the frame 22 and the sub-information “1” recorded in the frame 23. The wobble 28 is provided in the track groove 102. As already described in the first embodiment, the address information is described by combining the sub information “0” and “1”. The sub information “S” is provided at the head of the block, and is used to display the head of the block instead of the block mark 210 shown in FIG. In this way, the overhead required for the block mark 210 can be eliminated. In the present embodiment, the wobble 28 indicating the sub information “S” is formed as a steep wobble that rises and falls.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the track groove 11 in the third embodiment. The track groove 11 corresponds to the track groove 102 of the optical disk medium 20 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. In the first and second embodiments, the example in which one period of wobble is formed so that the rising displacement and the falling displacement are different according to the sub-information has been described. In the present embodiment, the wobbles 29 and 30 are formed so as to have different duty ratios according to the sub information. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the wobble 29 indicating the sub information “0” as recorded in the frame 32 has a wide displacement on one side (the valley side in FIG. 4), and the sub information as recorded in the frame 34. The wobble 30 indicating “1” is formed so that the displacement on the opposite side (the mountain side in FIG. 4) is wide. Due to such a feature, it is not necessary to differentiate the reproduction signal when determining the sub information, and the duty can be measured using a clock timer or the like, so that the influence of noise can be reduced.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a track groove 200 according to the fourth embodiment. The track groove 200 corresponds to the track groove 102 of the optical disk medium 20 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. In the first embodiment, the track groove 102 is cut and the block mark 210 is cut.
In this embodiment, the block mark 212 is formed by locally thickening the track groove 200 instead of the block mark 210. At the time of recording / reproducing the main information, the head position of the block can be determined by detecting the block mark 212. Since the track groove 200 is not cut by using the block mark 212, main information can also be recorded on the block mark 212. As a result, overhead can be reduced.

(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a track groove 201 in the fifth embodiment. The track groove 201 corresponds to the track groove 102 of the optical disk medium 20 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. In the first embodiment, the block groove 210 is formed by cutting the track groove 102, but in this embodiment, a block mark 213 having a locally increased wobble amplitude is formed instead of the block mark 210. When recording / reproducing main information, the block head position can be determined by detecting the block mark 213. Similar to the fourth embodiment, by using the block mark 213, the track groove 201 is not cut off, and main information can be recorded on the block mark 213 as well.

(Embodiment 6)
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the track groove 202 and the land 203 in the sixth embodiment. The optical disk medium of the present embodiment is characterized in that wobbles 220 and 230 are provided only at one edge of the track groove 202. In the first to fifth embodiments, an optical disk medium having a so-called groove recording form in which main information is recorded on the track groove has been described. However, the optical disk medium is also arranged on the groove and the land (adjacent to the track groove). Some areas have a so-called land-groove form in which main information is recorded on both of them. The present embodiment is an application example of the wobble described in the first to fifth embodiments to an optical disk medium having a land groove configuration.

  In FIG. 7, sub information “0” and “1” are recorded on one edge of the track groove 202. The wobble 220 formed in the section of the frame 221 indicates the sub information “0”, and the wobble 230 formed in the section of the frame 231 indicates the sub information “1”. As a result, the track groove 202 and the land 203 adjacent thereto are represented by the same address. Main information is recorded in both the track groove 202 and the land 203. By recording the main information in this way, the track pitch can be narrowed and the density can be further increased.

(Embodiment 7)
FIG. 9 shows an optical disk medium 800 according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. In FIG. 9, a track groove 802 is formed on the optical disk recording surface 801 in a spiral shape. FIG. 8 shows a track groove 802 of the optical disk medium 800. As shown in FIG. 8, the track groove 802 has a shape characterized for each block. In FIG. 8, a block mark (identification mark) 810 is an index indicating the head of a block.

In the track groove 802 of the present embodiment, wobbles (meandering) 826 and 827 having a predetermined shape start from a block mark 810 provided by cutting the track groove 802, and the block is divided into N (N = 32). Alternatively, the sector 825 (unit section) divided by N = 16) is periodically provided in frames (unit small sections) # 0 to # 25 that are further divided into M (M = 26). Wobbles 826 and 827 are formed so that their shapes are different from each other, and respectively indicate sub-information (“0”, “1”, or “S”) that is uniquely described in the frames # 0 to # 25. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, wobbles 826 and 827 are formed in a sawtooth shape having different rising displacement and falling displacement depending on whether the sub-information is “1” or “0” per cycle. Has been.

  This difference in rising slope can be easily detected from a signal reproduced by differential push-pull detection. That is, when the scanning laser beam is irradiated onto the track groove 802 and a differential signal (that is, push-pull signal) of the light receiving element divided in the track vertical direction (that is, radial direction) is generated, the sub information is “0” or “1”. "Detection signals with different rising and falling slopes can be obtained. This difference in inclination can be easily identified, for example, by differentiating the detection signal.

  Therefore, the sub information can be detected from the magnitude of the differential value. However, when using differentiation, the noise component is naturally enhanced, so there is a concern that a detection error may occur in a high-density optical disk medium with a poor S / N ratio. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the reliability of detection is enhanced by repeatedly forming the same wobble-shaped pattern a plurality of times.

  First, the main information is recorded in block units 841 having a predetermined length, for example, 64 KB length (or 32 KB length) along the track groove 802 starting from the block mark 810. The main information can be recorded as a recording mark 28. The block unit is a unit for information processing, and means, for example, an ECC block. The block unit 841 includes sectors 825 which are sub-blocks of 2 KB each divided into 32 with N = 32 (or 16 with N = 16). Sector 825 includes frames # 0 to # 25 divided into 26 with M = 26, and a SYNC mark is recorded at the head of frames # 0 to # 25 to serve as a synchronization signal during data reproduction.

  Here, the frame is a small unit of information recorded on the track groove 802. As shown in frames 822 and 823 corresponding to frames # 0 to # 25 in which these pieces of information are recorded, only wobbles having the same shape are periodically formed in advance in the same frame. Thus, by describing 1-bit sub-information “0”, “1” or “S” in each of the frames 822 and 823, the corresponding block is included in the 26-bit (M = 26) sub-information group included in each sector. ID (address information) will be described.

  Here, 1-bit sub-information is assigned to each of frames # 0 to # 25. For example, 8 frames (that is, 8 bits) are assigned as 1 byte as part of the block ID, and the following 8 frames are assigned to the parity of the block ID. The following 5 frames are assigned as 5 bits of sector number, and the remaining 5 bits are assigned as 5 bits of parity of sector number. The sector number indicates what number of sectors among the plurality of sectors. Each parity indicates at least one of an error check code and an error correction code.

  The sub information for one sector as described above is arranged over a plurality of sectors 825, for example, four sectors 825 (ie, sector group 825 '). By arranging a part of the block ID information in four sectors 825 one byte at a time, it is possible to represent a block ID of 8 bits × 4 = 32 bits in 4 sectors.

  FIG. 10 shows an example of the format of sub information recorded in sector 825 and frames # 0 to # 25 in one block unit 841 in the present embodiment. In FIG. 10, the sector number is shown in the vertical direction, and the frame number in each sector and the sub-information in the frame are shown in the horizontal direction. The sector numbers in parentheses indicate cases where the block unit 841 is divided into 16 sectors. Each frame # 0 to # 25 has 1-bit sub information. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the block unit 841 is an ECC block.

  The contents of sector 0 will be described. Of frames # 0 to # 25 in sector 0, the first 1 byte of 4 bytes (32 bits) of the ECC block address is embedded in order from LSB in frames # 0 to # 7. In the subsequent frames # 8 to # 15, the sub information of the first 1 byte among the 4 bytes of the parity of the ECC block address is embedded. In frames # 16 to # 20, 5-bit sub-information representing a sector number is embedded. In frames # 21 to # 25, 5-bit sub-information representing the parity of the sector number is embedded. As shown in FIG. 8, 1 byte “01h” is embedded in the sector 0 as a part of the block ID.

  The contents of sector 1 will be described. Among frames # 0 to # 25 of sector 1, in frames # 0 to # 7, the second 1 byte of 4 bytes of the ECC block address is embedded sequentially from the lower bit. In subsequent frames # 8 to # 15, the sub information of the second 1 byte among the 4 bytes of the parity of the ECC block address is embedded. In frames # 16 to # 20, 5-bit sub-information representing a sector number is embedded. In frames # 21 to # 25, 5-bit sub-information representing the parity of the sector number is embedded. As shown in FIG. 8, 1 byte of “23h” is embedded in the sector 1 as a part of the block ID.

  The contents of sector 2 will be described. Among frames # 0 to # 25 of sector 2, frames # 0 to # 7 are embedded with the third 1 byte of the 4 bytes of the ECC block address in order from the lower bit. In the subsequent frames # 8 to # 15, the sub information of the third 1 byte among the 4 bytes of the parity of the ECC block address is embedded. In frames # 16 to # 20, 5-bit sub-information representing a sector number is embedded. In frames # 21 to # 25, 5-bit sub-information representing the parity of the sector number is embedded. As shown in FIG. 8, 1 byte of “45h” is embedded in the sector 2 as a part of the block ID.

  The contents of sector 3 will be described. Among frames # 0 to # 25 of sector 3, in frames # 0 to # 7, the fourth 1 byte of 4 bytes of the ECC block address is embedded in order from the lower bit. In the subsequent frames # 8 to # 15, the sub information of the fourth 1 byte among the 4 bytes of the parity of the ECC block address is embedded. In frames # 16 to # 20, 5-bit sub-information representing a sector number is embedded. In frames # 21 to # 25, 5-bit sub-information representing the parity of the sector number is embedded. As shown in FIG. 8, 1-byte “67h” is embedded in the sector 3 as a part of the block ID.

  In this way, the information of each byte of the four sectors 825 is combined to represent a 32-bit block ID = “76543210h”.

  The arrangement order of the 4-byte block ID in the sector 825 is preferably arranged from the low-order bit of the block ID to the high-order bit in order from the sector 825 which is read quickly according to the reading direction.

  The contents after sector 4 will be described. Sectors 4 to 7 repeatedly describe the contents of sectors 0 to 3 described above. Similarly, the contents of sectors 0 to 3 are repeatedly described in sectors 8 to 11, sectors 12 to 15, sectors 16 to 19, sectors 20 to 23, sectors 24 to 27, and sectors 28 to 31.

  As described above, 32 sectors in one block are grouped every 4 sectors and are repeatedly described 8 times (4 times if there are 16 sectors in one block). Thus, parity information capable of error correction can be added in one block, and the reliability of reading the block ID can be improved.

Also, by describing the sector number, when one byte of the block ID is missing, it is possible to easily determine which one byte is missing by reading the sector number, and the read reliability of the block ID can be improved. It is possible to increase.

  Also, by describing the sector number, when the continuous reading operation is not being performed (for example, immediately after seeking), the sector number of the sector 825 immediately after seeking is read instead of reading from the block mark 810 at the head of the block. It is possible to read the sub information of four sectors 825 from an arbitrary sector 825 to determine the block ID.

  In addition, since the block ID is determined by the sector group 825 'every four sectors (8 kB = 2 kB × 4), post-processing (data reading, recording operation, etc.) can be performed at a quick timing.

  Further, even if a block ID of about 4 sectors is missing due to a defect on the disk, the contents of the block ID are repeated in the block. This is possible, and high block ID read reliability is guaranteed.

  Instead of the above sector numbers, an ID number indicating the number of sectors among the four sectors 825 of one sector group 825 'may be described. The arrangement of the sub information in this case is shown in FIG. Instead of the second half frame (5-bit sector number and 5-bit sector number parity) shown in FIG. 10, in FIG. 16, a 2-bit ID number, a 2-bit ID number parity, and a 6-bit block ID are repeated. Numbers are arranged. The repetition number indicates what block ID in the block ID repeatedly indicated.

  By using the ID number, it is possible to reduce the 5-bit sub information necessary for the sector number to 2 bits. Further, it is possible to improve the error correction capability of the ID number using the remaining 8 bits and to describe the number of block ID repetitions.

  By describing the ID number, when the continuous reading operation is not in progress (for example, immediately after seeking), the ID number of the sector 825 immediately after seeking is read instead of reading from the block mark 810 at the head of the block. It is possible to read the sub information of the four sectors 825 from the sector 825 to determine the block ID.

  In addition, by including the block ID repetition number in the sub information group, it is also possible to use the repetition number in the majority process when determining the address number. Information such as which sector 825 in the block is read, or what number sub-information group in the block is incorrect can be obtained, and useful information in signal processing can be obtained.

  In addition, in an optical disc having a plurality of recording surfaces, the layer number of the recording surface can be included in the sub information group. By including the layer number, it is possible to easily determine the recording surface. For example, it is possible to replace one of four identical repetition numbers in FIG. 16 with the layer number of the recording surface. By including the layer number in the sub information group, the recording surface can be easily identified.

  In this embodiment, the block ID is 32 bits. However, the address information is not limited to 32 bits, and the necessary block ID is determined according to the data capacity to be recorded on the optical disk or the type and method of the error correction code. The number of bits of (address information) may be assigned.

In the present embodiment, the sector is divided into 32 sectors with N = 32 (or 16 sectors with N = 16) in the block unit, but the present invention is not limited to the number of sectors. .

  In this embodiment, the sub information is recorded in units of frames in which one sector is divided into 26 with M = 26. However, the present invention is not limited to the number of such frames.

  In the present embodiment, the sub information is modulated and recorded into a sawtooth wobble, but the present invention is not limited to such a wobble shape. For example, the sub information can be modulated and arranged in the wobble shown in FIGS.

  In the present embodiment, the block mark is provided by cutting the track groove, but the present invention is not limited to the shape of the block mark. For example, the block mark can be modulated and arranged in the wobble shown in FIGS.

(Embodiment 8)
FIG. 11 shows a track groove 1102 according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. The track groove 1102 corresponds to the track groove 102 of the optical disc medium 20 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, the track groove 1102 has a shape characterized for each block unit. In FIG. 11, a block mark (identification mark) 1110 is an index indicating the head of a block.

  In the track groove 1102 of the present embodiment, wobbles (meandering) 1126 and 1127 having a predetermined shape are divided into N blocks (N = 32) with a block mark 1110 provided by cutting the track groove 1102 as the head. Alternatively, the sector 1125 (unit section) divided by N = 16) is periodically provided in frames (unit small sections) # 0 to # 25 which are further divided into M (M = 26). The wobbles 1126 and 1127 are formed so that their shapes are different from each other, and indicate the sub-information (“0”, “1” or “S”) uniquely described in the frames # 0 to # 25. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, wobbles 1126 and 1127 are formed in a sawtooth shape having different rising displacement and falling displacement depending on whether the sub-information is “1” or “0” per cycle. Has been.

  This difference in rising slope can be easily detected from a signal reproduced by differential push-pull detection. That is, when the scanning laser beam is irradiated onto the track groove 1102 and a differential signal (that is, push-pull signal) of the light receiving element divided in the track vertical direction (that is, radial direction) is generated, the sub information is “0” or “1”. "Detection signals with different rising and falling slopes can be obtained. This difference in inclination can be easily identified, for example, by differentiating the detection signal.

  Therefore, the sub information can be detected from the magnitude of the differential value. However, when using differentiation, the noise component is naturally enhanced, so there is a concern that a detection error may occur in a high-density optical disk medium with a poor S / N ratio. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the reliability of detection is enhanced by repeatedly forming the same wobble-shaped pattern a plurality of times.

First, the main information is recorded in block units 1141 having a predetermined length, for example, 64 KB length (or 32 KB length) along the track groove 1102 starting from the block mark 1110. The main information can be recorded as a recording mark 28. The block unit is a unit for information processing, and means, for example, an ECC block. The block unit 1141 includes sectors 1125 that are sub-blocks of 2 KB each divided into 32 (or N = 16 and divided into 16). Sector 1125 is divided into 26 frames with M = 26.
And a SYNC mark is recorded at the head of frames # 0 to # 25 to be used as a synchronization signal during data reproduction. Here, the frame is a small unit of information recorded on the track groove 1102. As shown in frames 1122 and 1123 corresponding to frames # 0 to # 25 in which these pieces of information are recorded, only wobbles having the same shape are periodically formed in advance in the same frame. Thus, by describing 1-bit sub-information “0”, “1” or “S” in each of the frames 1122 and 1123, the corresponding block is included in the 26-bit (M = 26) sub-information group included in each sector. ID (address information) will be described.

  The block ID may include not only information indicating the address number but also a code for correcting or detecting an error such as an error correction code, an error check code, and a parity code.

  Here, 26 frames are divided into, for example, the first 13 frames and the last 13 frames, 1-bit sub-information is recorded as a part of the block ID every 13 frames, and 2-bit sub-information is recorded as a part of the block ID in one sector. Record information.

  FIG. 12 shows an example of the format of the sub information recorded in the sector 1125 and the frames # 0 to # 25 in the block unit 1141. In FIG. 12, the sector number is shown in the vertical direction, and the frame number in each sector and the sub-information in the frame are shown in the horizontal direction. One-bit sub-information is recorded in each frame group collected for the first 13 frames and the latter 13 frames per sector. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the block unit 1141 is an ECC block. B0 to B31 are numbers indicating the sub-information representing the number of bits of the 32-bit ECC block address.

  The contents of sector 0 will be described. Of frames # 0 to # 25 in sector 0, the first 1 bit (LSB 1 bit) of the ECC block address 32 bits is embedded in frames # 0 to # 12 (first frame). In subsequent frames # 13 to # 25 (second half frame), the second 1 bit of the ECC block address 32 bits is embedded. As shown in FIG. 11, a part of 2-bit block ID “0” and “1” is embedded in sector 0.

  Here, in place of the first one bit (LSB) of the ECC block address, the SYNC code “S” representing the start of the ECC block address is embedded in the first half frame of the sector 0, and the synchronization signal or ECC block at the time of ECC block address reproduction is embedded. You may use as a detection mark which detects the head of an address.

  The contents of sector 1 will be described. Among frames # 0 to # 25 of sector 1, frames # 0 to # 12 (first frame) are embedded with the third 1 bit of the ECC block address 32 bits. In the subsequent frames # 13 to # 25 (second half frame), the fourth 1 bit of the ECC block address 32 bits is embedded. As shown in FIG. 11, a part of a 2-bit block ID of “0” and “0” is embedded in the sector 1.

  As described above, the block ID is a combination of the sub-information recorded by 2 bits per sector as described above, and the entire block ID is represented by a 32-bit sub-information group having a total of 16 sectors.

  Even when the ECC block length is 32 kB and one block unit 1141 is divided into 16 sectors, it is possible to obtain a 32-bit block ID by arranging 2 bits of sub information in one sector.

When the ECC block length is 32 kB, the block ID is completed in the above 16-sector group. When the ECC block length is 64 kB, the number of sectors in one block is 32, and the contents of the sectors 0 to 15 are repeatedly recorded as the contents of the sub information of the sectors 16 to 31 after the sector 16. One sub information group is repeatedly recorded twice, with 32 sectors in one block as a group of 16 sectors (ie, sub information group).

  In this way, the sub information group is repeated within the block unit 1141. As a result, the block ID is determined every 16 sectors. This indicates that the block ID can be determined every 32 kB (= 2 kB × 16), and post-processing (data reading, recording operation, etc.) can be performed at a quick timing. Further, by repeating the block ID twice in the block unit 1141, the reliability of reading the block ID can be improved.

  Further, instead of repeating the block ID twice in the block unit 1141, information other than the block ID can be included. For example, by including the repetition number of the block ID in the sub information group, it can be used for majority processing when determining the address number, which sector in the block is read, or what is in the block It is possible to obtain information such as whether the sub information group of the number is incorrect, and to obtain useful information in signal processing.

  In addition, in an optical disc having a plurality of recording surfaces, the layer number of the recording surface can be included in the sub information group. As described above with reference to FIG. 16, the recording surface can be easily identified by including the layer number in the sub information group.

  In this embodiment, the block ID is 32 bits. However, the address information is not limited to 32 bits, and the necessary block depends on the data capacity to be recorded on the optical disk or the type and method of the error correction code. The number of bits of ID (address information) may be assigned.

  In the present embodiment, the sector is divided into 32 sectors with N = 32 (or 16 sectors with N = 16) in the block unit, but the present invention is not limited to the number of sectors. .

  In this embodiment, the sub information is recorded in units of frames in which one sector is divided into 26 with M = 26. However, the present invention is not limited to the number of such frames.

  In the present embodiment, sub information is modulated and recorded into a sawtooth wobble, but the present invention is not limited to such a wobble shape. For example, the sub information can be modulated and arranged in the wobble shown in FIGS.

  In the present embodiment, the block mark is provided by cutting the track groove, but the present invention is not limited to the shape of the block mark. For example, the block mark can be modulated and arranged in the wobble shown in FIGS.

(Embodiment 9)
FIG. 13 shows a track groove 1302 according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention. The track groove 1302 corresponds to the track groove 102 of the optical disc medium 20 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, the track groove 1302 has a shape characterized for each block unit. In FIG. 13, a block mark (identification mark) 1310 is an index indicating the head of a block.

In the track groove 1302 of this embodiment, a block mark 1310 provided by cutting the track groove 1302 is used as a head, and wobbles (meanders) 1326 and 1327 having a predetermined shape are divided into N blocks (N = 32). Alternatively, the sector 1325 (unit section) divided by N = 16) is periodically provided in frames (unit subsections) # 0 to # 25 that are further divided into M (M = 26). Wobbles 1326 and 1327 are formed so that their shapes are different from each other, and respectively indicate sub-information (“0”, “1”, or “S”) that is uniquely described in the frames # 0 to # 25. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13, wobbles 1326 and 1327 are formed in a sawtooth shape having different rising displacement and falling displacement depending on whether the sub-information is “1” or “0” per cycle. Has been.

  This difference in rising slope can be easily detected from a signal reproduced by differential push-pull detection. That is, when the scanning laser beam is irradiated onto the track groove 1302 and a differential signal (that is, push-pull signal) of the light receiving element divided in the track vertical direction (that is, radial direction) is generated, the sub information is “0” or “1”. "Detection signals with different rising and falling slopes can be obtained. This difference in inclination can be easily identified, for example, by differentiating the detection signal.

  Therefore, the sub information can be detected from the magnitude of the differential value. However, when using differentiation, the noise component is naturally enhanced, so there is a concern that a detection error may occur in a high-density optical disk medium with a poor S / N ratio. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the reliability of detection is enhanced by repeatedly forming the same wobble-shaped pattern a plurality of times.

  The main information is recorded in block units 1341 having a predetermined length, for example, 64 KB length, starting from the block mark 1310 and along the track groove 1302. The main information can be recorded as a recording mark 28. The block unit is a unit for information processing, and means, for example, an ECC block. The block unit 1341 includes sectors 1325 that are sub-blocks of 2 KB each divided into 32 (or 16 divided as N = 16). Sector 1325 includes frames # 0 to # 25 divided into 26 with M = 26, and a SYNC mark is recorded at the head of frames # 0 to # 25 to be used as a synchronization signal during data reproduction. Here, the frame is a small unit of information recorded on the track groove 1302. As shown in frames 1322 and 1323 corresponding to frames # 0 to # 25 in which these pieces of information are recorded, only wobbles having the same shape are periodically formed in advance in the same frame. As a result, 1-bit sub information “0”, “1” or “S” is described in each of the frames 1322 and 1323 (the sub information “S” can be described as SYNC information) and is included in each sector. The block ID (address information) is represented by a 26-bit (M = 26) sub-information group.

  Further, depending on the sector 1325 in which the sub information is recorded, only wobbles having the same shape are included in each frame group in the first half frame (frames # 0 to # 12) and the second half frame (frames # 13 to # 25) in the sector. Can be formed periodically in advance. Thus, by describing 2-bit sub-information “0”, “1”, or “S” in the sector 1325, the block ID is represented by a 32-bit sub-information group included in each sector (unit section). It will be.

  The block ID may include not only information indicating the address number but also a code for correcting or detecting an error such as an error correction code, an error check code, and a parity code.

  FIG. 14 shows an example of a format of sub information recorded in sector 1325 and frames # 0 to # 25 in one block unit 1341 in the present embodiment. In FIG. 14, the sector number is shown in the vertical direction, and the frame number and information in each frame are shown in the horizontal direction.

  The contents of sector 0 will be described. The first 1 bit (1 bit from LSB) of the 32-bit ECC block address is embedded in all the frames # 0 to # 25 of sector 0. As shown in FIG. 14, 1-bit sub information B0 (“0” or “1”) is embedded in the sector 0.

  The contents of sector 1 will be described. The first 1 bit (1 bit from the LSB) of the 32-bit ECC block address is embedded in all frames # 0 to # 25 of sector 1. As shown in FIG. 14, 1-bit sub information B0 (“0” or “1”) is embedded in the sector 1.

  In the sector 1, the same contents as the sub information B0 of the sector 0 are repeatedly arranged.

  The contents of sector 2 will be described. The second 1 bit of the 32-bit ECC block address is embedded in all frames # 0 to # 25 of sector 2. As shown in FIG. 14, 1-bit sub information B1 (“0” or “1”) is embedded in the sector 2.

  The contents of sector 3 will be described. The second 1 bit of the 32-bit ECC block address is embedded in all frames # 0 to # 25 of sector 3. As shown in FIG. 14, 1-bit sub information B1 (“0” or “1”) is embedded in the sector 2.

  In the sector 3, the same contents as the sub information B1 of the sector 2 are repeatedly arranged.

  Similarly, up to sector 13, the sub information of odd sector N is repeatedly arranged with sub information of even sector (N-1) having a smaller sector number.

  Next, the contents from sector 14 to sector 24 will be described.

  The contents of sector 14 will be described. The eighth bit of the 32-bit ECC block address is embedded in all the frames # 0 to # 25 of the sector 14. As shown in FIG. 14, 1-bit sub information B <b> 7 (“0” or “1”) is embedded in the sector 14.

  The contents of sector 15 will be described. The ninth 1 bit of the 32-bit ECC block address is embedded in all the frames # 0 to # 25 of the sector 15. As shown in FIG. 14, 1-bit sub information B8 (“0” or “1”) is embedded in the sector 15.

  Similarly, up to sector 24, 1-bit sub information is arranged in one sector.

  Next, the contents from sector 25 to sector 31 will be described.

  The contents of sector 25 will be described. Of frames # 0 to # 25 in sector 25, frames # 0 to # 12 (first half frame) are embedded with the 19th 1 bit of the 32 bits of the ECC block address. As shown in FIG. 14, 1-bit sub information B18 (“0” or “1”) is embedded in the first half frame of the sector 25.

  Of frames # 0 to # 25 in sector 25, frames # 13 to # 25 (second half frame) are embedded with the 20th 1 bit among the 32 bits of the ECC block address. As shown in FIG. 14, 1-bit sub information B19 (“0” or “1”) is embedded in the second half frame of the sector 25.

The contents of the sector 26 will be described. Among frames # 0 to # 25 of sector 26, frames # 0 to # 12 (first half frame) are embedded with the 21st 1 bit among the 32 bits of the ECC block address. As shown in FIG. 14, 1-bit sub information B20 (“0” or “1”) is embedded in the first half frame of the sector 26.

  Among frames # 0 to # 25 of sector 26, frames # 13 to # 25 (second half frame) are embedded with the 22nd 1 bit among the 32 bits of the ECC block address. As shown in FIG. 14, 1-bit sub information B <b> 21 (“0” or “1”) is embedded in the second half frame of the sector 26.

  Similarly, up to sector 31, sub-information of 1 bit is arranged in the first half frame of 1 sector and 1-bit is arranged in the second half frame, and sub-information of 2 bits is arranged in one sector.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the number of sectors and the number of frames in which the sub information is arranged are changed according to the bit positions of the lower bits and the upper bits of the block ID. In the present embodiment, the sub information B0 is the least significant bit, and the sub information B31 is the most significant bit.

  In a system for reading continuous data such as an optical disk, the block ID of data being read continuously increases continuously from the lower bits. The block ID value differs only by “1” between adjacent block IDs. Therefore, in order to determine the block ID, it is possible to infer the remaining upper bits from the values read from the block ID immediately before or a certain number of times by reading only the lower bits of the block ID being read. It is. In this case, the reliability of reading the block ID of several lower bits is important. As shown in FIG. 14, by arranging more lower bits of the block ID than other bits across a plurality of sectors, it is possible to improve the reliability of reading the lower bits of the block ID and the reading efficiency. is there.

  In this embodiment, the block ID is 32 bits. However, the address information is not limited to 32 bits, and the necessary block ID is determined according to the data capacity to be recorded on the optical disk or the type and method of the error correction code. The number of bits of (address information) may be assigned to the sub information group.

  In the present embodiment, the sector is divided into 32 sectors with N = 32 (or 16 sectors with N = 16) in the block unit, but the present invention is not limited to the number of sectors. .

  In this embodiment, the sub information is recorded in units of frames in which one sector is divided into 26 with M = 26. However, the present invention is not limited to the number of such frames.

  In the present embodiment, the sub information is modulated and recorded into a sawtooth wobble, but the present invention is not limited to such a wobble shape. For example, the sub information can be modulated and arranged in the wobble shown in FIGS.

  In the present embodiment, the block mark is provided by cutting the track groove, but the present invention is not limited to the shape of the block mark. For example, the block mark can be modulated and arranged in the wobble shown in FIGS.

(Embodiment 10)
FIG. 15 shows a track groove 1502 according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention. The track groove 1502 corresponds to the track groove 102 of the optical disc medium 20 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, the track groove 1502 has a shape characterized for each block unit. In FIG. 15, a block mark (identification mark) 1510 is an index indicating the head of a block.

  In the track groove 1502 of the present embodiment, wobbles (meandering) 1526 and 1527 having a predetermined shape are divided into N blocks (N = 32) with a block mark 1510 provided by cutting the track groove 1502 at the head. Alternatively, the sector 1525 (unit section) divided by N = 16) is periodically provided in frames (unit small sections) # 0 to # 25 that are further divided into M (M = 26). Wobbles 1526 and 1527 are formed so that their shapes are different from each other, and respectively indicate sub-information (“0”, “1” or “S”) uniquely described in the frames # 0 to # 25. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15, wobbles 1526 and 1527 are formed in a sawtooth shape having different rising displacement and falling displacement depending on whether the sub-information is “1” or “0” per cycle. Has been.

  This difference in rising slope can be easily detected from a signal reproduced by differential push-pull detection. That is, if the scanning laser beam is applied to the track groove 1502 to generate a differential signal (that is, a push-pull signal) of the light receiving element divided in the track vertical direction (that is, radial direction), the sub information is “0” or “1”. "Detection signals with different rising and falling slopes can be obtained. This difference in inclination can be easily identified, for example, by differentiating the detection signal.

  Therefore, the sub information can be detected from the magnitude of the differential value. However, when using differentiation, the noise component is naturally enhanced, so there is a concern that a detection error may occur in a high-density optical disk medium with a poor S / N ratio. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the reliability of detection is enhanced by repeatedly forming the same wobble-shaped pattern a plurality of times.

  The main information is recorded in block units 1541 having a predetermined length, for example, 64 KB length, starting from the block mark 1510 and along the track groove 1502. The main information can be recorded as a recording mark 28. The block unit is a unit for information processing, and means, for example, an ECC block. The block unit 1541 includes sectors 1525 which are sub-blocks of 2 KB each divided into 32 (or 16 divided as N = 16). Sector 1525 includes frames # 0 to # 25 divided into 26 with M = 26, and a SYNC mark is recorded at the head of frames # 0 to # 25 to be used as a synchronization signal during data reproduction. Here, the frame is a small unit of each information recorded on the track groove 1502. As shown in frames 1522 and 1523 corresponding to frames # 0 to # 25 in which these pieces of information are recorded, only wobbles having the same shape are periodically formed in advance in the same frame. Thus, by describing 1-bit sub information “0”, “1” or “S” in each of the frames 1522 and 1523 (sub information “S” can be described as SYNC information), it is included in each sector. The block ID (address information) is represented by a 26-bit (M = 26) sub-information group.

  Here, 1-bit sub-information is assigned to one frame, and a 32-bit block ID is embedded in consecutive 32 frames (sub-information group).

  The block ID may include not only information indicating the address number but also a code for correcting or detecting an error such as an error correction code, an error check code, and a parity code.

  As described above, the block ID represents the entire block ID as a 32-bit sub-information group with a total of 32 frames in which the sub-information allocated by 1 bit per frame is combined.

  When the ECC block length is 64 kB, one block length is 32 sectors. The number of frames in one block is 832 (= 32 × 26) frames. When a block ID is assigned with 32 frames as one frame group, a block ID can be configured by repeating 26 frame groups.

  When the ECC block length is 32 kB, one block length is 16 sectors. The number of frames in one block is 416 (= 16 × 26) frames. When a block ID is assigned with 32 frames as one frame group, the block ID can be configured by repeating 13 frame groups.

  As described above, a block ID is represented by a group of 32 frames (that is, a sub information group), and one sub information group is repeatedly described a plurality of times.

  The sub information group is repeated within one block unit 1541. As a result, the block ID is determined every 32 frames, and post-processing (data reading, recording operation, etc.) can be performed at a quick timing.

  In addition, by repeating the block ID a plurality of times within one block unit 1541, it is possible to improve the reliability of reading the block ID.

  Further, instead of reducing the number of times the block ID is repeated a plurality of times within one block, information other than the block ID can be included in the sub information group.

  For example, as described above with reference to FIG. 16, by including the block ID repetition number in the sub information group, it is also possible to use the block ID for the majority process when determining the address number. In addition, information such as which sector in the block is read, or what number sub-information group in the block is incorrect, can be obtained useful information in signal processing. .

  Further, in an optical disc having a plurality of recording surfaces, the layer number of the recording surface can be included in the sub information group. By including the layer number, it is possible to easily determine the recording surface. For example, one of four identical repetition numbers in FIG. 16 can be used as the layer number of the recording surface. By including the layer number, it is possible to easily determine the recording surface.

  In this embodiment, the block ID is set to 32 bits, but the present invention is not limited to the 32-frame group of 32 bits, but depending on the data capacity to be recorded on the optical disk or the type and method of the error correction code, The number of bits of the necessary block ID (address information) may be assigned to the sub information group.

  In the present embodiment, the sector is divided into 32 sectors with N = 32 (or 16 sectors with N = 16) in the block unit, but the present invention is not limited to the number of sectors. .

  In this embodiment, the sub information is recorded in units of frames in which one sector is divided into 26 with M = 26. However, the present invention is not limited to the number of such frames.

In the present embodiment, the sub information is modulated and recorded into a sawtooth wobble, but the present invention is not limited to such a wobble shape. For example, FIG. 4 and FIG.
It is also possible to arrange sub information in the wobble shown in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the block mark is provided by cutting the track groove, but the present invention is not limited to the shape of the block mark. For example, the block mark can be modulated and arranged in the wobble shown in FIGS.

(Embodiment 11)
FIG. 22 shows a track groove 1602 according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. The track groove 1602 corresponds to the track groove 102 of the optical disc medium 20 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 22, the track groove 1602 has a shape characterized for each block unit.

  First, referring to FIG. 22, an ECC block which is a block address constituent unit is divided into four PID blocks, PID0 to PID3. The PID part 2202 is PID0, the PID part 2204 is PID1, the PID part 2206 is PID2, and the PID part 2208 is PID3. At the top of each PID part, attachment parts 0 to 3 are arranged, attachment part 2201 is attachment part 0, attachment part 2203 is attachment part 1, attachment part 2205 is attachment part 2, and attachment part 2207 is attachment part 3. It is. Each of the appendages 0 to 3 physically includes a block mark (identification mark) 2220, and is an index for representing the head of the PID portion.

  In the track groove 1602 of the present embodiment, wobbles (meandering) 2226, 2227, 2229, and 2230 having a predetermined shape are divided into N blocks with a block mark 2220 provided by cutting the track groove 1602 at the head. The (N = 4) PID block (unit section) is periodically provided in frames (unit small sections) 2222 and 2223, which are further divided into M (M = 52). The wobbles 2226, 2227, 2229, and 2230 are formed so that their shapes are different from each other, and sub information ("0", "1", "S", or "B") that is uniquely described in the frame is provided. Show. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 22, the rising displacement and falling displacement are different from each other according to the sub information “0”, “1”, “S” or “B” per cycle and Wobbles 2226, 2227, 2229 and 2230 are formed in a sine wave shape.

  This difference in rising slope can be easily detected from a signal reproduced by differential push-pull detection. That is, if the scanning laser beam is irradiated onto the track groove 1602 to generate a differential signal (that is, push-pull signal) of the light receiving element divided in the track vertical direction (that is, radial direction), the sub information “0”, “1” , “S” and “B” provide detection signals having different rising and falling slopes. This difference in inclination can be easily identified, for example, by differentiating the detection signal.

  Therefore, the sub information can be detected from the magnitude of the differential value. However, when using differentiation, the noise component is naturally enhanced, so there is a concern that a detection error may occur in a high-density optical disk medium with a poor S / N ratio. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the reliability of detection is enhanced by repeatedly forming the same wobble-shaped pattern a plurality of times.

  Next, the contents of the PID part will be described. The PID portion includes 52 frames of 372 bytes, and is formed with a length of 19344 bytes (= 372 bytes × 52). The PID section 2202 (PID0) includes 8-bit PID information 2209, 24-bit block address information 2210, 16-bit IED information 2211, and 4-bit address mark (AM) 2212 as PID information contents.

PID information 2209 is information indicating which PID number is PID0 to PID3.
The block address information 2210 is address information assigned in block address units, and is common to PID0 to PID3 in the same block address. An IED 2211 is an error check code (IED) generated from the PID information 2209 and the block address information 2210.

  Further, the address mark 2212 is arranged at the end of the PID portion 2202, thereby having a role of detecting the head of the subsequent PID portion 2204. In addition to the sub information “1”, “0”, and “S” described above, sub information “B” is recorded in the address mark 2212 using a sinusoidal wobble such as the wobble 2230 of the frame 2225. The address mark 2212 is represented by combining the sub information “S” and the sub information “B” recorded in the wobble 2229 of the frame 2224. For example, the address mark 2212 has 4-bit information “SBBS”, and when these patterns are detected, preparations can be made to detect the subsequent appendix or PID portion.

  By using the sub-information “B” only for the address mark, it becomes easy to distinguish it from other information parts, and the detection accuracy of the address mark can be improved.

  Next, the contents of the attachment will be described. Unlike the PID portion, the attachment portion has a block mark 2220 recorded in advance on the disk medium. The shape of the block mark 2220 is, for example, a mirror mark formed so as to cut the track as shown in FIG. The attached part 2201 is the head part of the PID part 2202 (PID0) and also the head part of the ECC block address.

  The appendages 0 to 3 are provided in advance at the heads of PID0 to PID3, respectively, and have a length of 93 bytes. The length of the intermittent block mark (mirror mark) 2220 is about 2 bytes. Dummy data can be recorded on the attachment to increase the detection accuracy of the block mark.

  As the dummy data, for example, information obtained by simply repeating a 4T mark and a 4T space is recorded. By doing so, it is possible to easily separate the frequency at the time of detecting the recording mark and the block mark of a single frequency component, and it is possible to easily detect the block mark.

  As described above, one ECC block is divided into four PID parts, an appendix is provided at the head of each of the four PID parts, and a block mark representing the head of the PID part is formed in the appendant. These PID parts are repeated in the ECC block. As a result, the block ID is determined for each ¼ ECC block, and post-processing (data reading, recording operation, etc.) can be performed at a quick timing.

  Further, it is possible to improve the reliability of reading the block ID by repeating the block ID a plurality of times within one block.

  In the present embodiment, one ECC block is divided into four PID parts. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one ECC block may be divided into any integer number of PIDs.

  In the present embodiment, the sub information is modulated and recorded into a sawtooth wobble, but the present invention is not limited to such a wobble shape. For example, the sub information can be modulated and arranged in the wobble shown in FIGS.

In the present embodiment, the block mark is provided by cutting the track groove, but the present invention is not limited to the shape of the block mark. For example, the block mark can be modulated and arranged in the wobble shown in FIGS. Further, the block marks shown in FIGS. 17, 18 and 19 to be described later can be modulated and arranged.

(Embodiment 12)
FIG. 17 shows a track groove 1702 according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. A track groove 1702 is a modified example of the attachment of the track groove 1602 shown in FIG.

  The attachment 1701 indicates the attachment 0 and the attachment 1705 indicates the attachments 1 to 3. A sinusoidal wobble-shaped track groove 1702 is previously formed on the optical disk medium, each appendage has a total length of 93 bytes, and the wobble is repeatedly provided nine times in the appendage. Block marks 1703, 1704 and 1706 are provided in the appendages 0 to 3 by cutting the track grooves.

  As shown in the eleventh embodiment, the appendages 0 to 3 are the head of the PID section and the head position of the address information. Therefore, it is desired that the reliability at the time of reading is high. Therefore, by repeatedly arranging the block marks in the appendages 0 to 3 several times (for example, twice), even when one block mark cannot be detected due to disturbance such as noise or defect, the block mark can be reliably provided. Can be detected. In addition, in order to distinguish it from fake block marks (pseudo block marks) that occur in a pseudo manner due to noise, defects, etc., a plurality of block marks are arranged at a certain interval, so that the pseudo block marks and It is possible to easily distinguish the block mark.

  The number and shape of the block marks may be the same between the appendages 0-3. For example, one block mark 1703 can be provided in each of the appendages 0-3. Further, as shown in FIG. 17, the number and shape of the block marks may be different between the attachment part 0 and the attachment parts 1 to 3. For example, the number of block marks of the appendix 0 is different from the number of block marks of the other appendages 1 to 3. In that case, in order to increase the reliability of the appendix 0 that is the head of the ECC block, the number of block marks in the appendix 0 is larger than the number of block marks in other appendages (block marks 1703 and 1704). 2). Thereby, the reliability at the time of reading the block mark of the appendix part 0 can be improved. In addition, it is possible to distinguish the block mark of the appendix part 0 from the block marks of other appendages by utilizing the fact that the number and shape of the block marks are different between the appendage part 0 and the other appendix parts 1 to 3. Become. As a result, it is possible to detect the leading address of the ECC block in addition to reading the entire PID portion and determining the address.

  Here, when the block marks are arranged a plurality of times, as an example different from the case where the block marks 1703 and 1704 in FIG. 17 are arranged at the same phase position of the meandering of the track groove, block marks 1703 and 1804 in FIG. Alternatively, a block mark may be arranged at a position having a 180 ° phase difference in the wobble of the track groove.

  The physical length of the block mark is 2 bytes here, but it is not limited to 2 bytes, and it is possible to select an optimum design value of the block mark determined from the light spot diameter. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, the length of the block mark can be 4 bytes.

Here, when the block mark is 4 bytes as shown in FIG. 19, the physical lengths of the block marks of the appendix 0 and the appendages 1-3 may be different. Thereby, the reliability at the time of reading the block mark of the appendix part 0 can be improved. Further, it is possible to distinguish the block mark of the attachment part 0 from the block marks of the other attachment parts by utilizing the fact that the block mark length is different between the attachment part 0 and the other attachment parts 1 to 3.

  Next, an optical disk medium in which block marks are prepits formed on lands will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 20 shows a track groove 2002 in the present embodiment. The track groove 2002 is a modified example of the attachment of the track groove 1602 shown in FIG. The attachment portion 2001 indicates the attachment portion 0, and the attachment portion 2005 indicates the attachment portions 1-3. Block marks 2004 are formed on the land tracks 2003 between the track grooves 2002 of the attachment portion 2001 so as to cut the land tracks 2003. When the light spot scans the track groove 2002 on the track groove 2002, the block mark 2004 is scanned in a state shifted by a half track from the center of the light spot.

  In the case of the block mark 2004 formed on the land track as shown in FIG. 20, the block mark can be detected using a signal obtained by differential detection of a two-divided photodetector such as a push-pull signal. The detection of the above-mentioned PID part is performed using a differential signal. Therefore, the block address can be detected using a differential signal in the same manner as the detection of the PID part, and the block address and the PID part can be detected without switching between the sum signal and the difference signal when reproducing the address signal. Can be detected. As a result, the circuit configuration of the signal detection unit can be simplified.

  Here, when the block mark is arranged a plurality of times in one attachment part 0 as in the block mark 2004 of FIG. 20, the number of block marks may be different between the attachment part 0 and the attachment parts 1 to 3.

  For example, by using two block marks for the appendix 0 and one block mark for the appendages 1 to 3, the reliability at the time of reading the block mark of the appendix 0 can be improved. Further, it is possible to distinguish the block mark of the appendix 0 from the block marks of other appendages by utilizing the fact that the number of block marks is different between the appendix 0 and the other appendages.

  In addition, dummy data can be recorded on the attachment portion in order to increase the detection accuracy of the block mark.

  As the dummy data, for example, information obtained by simply repeating a 4T mark and a 4T space is recorded. By doing so, it is possible to easily separate the frequency at the time of detecting the recording mark and the block mark of a single frequency component, and it is possible to easily detect the block mark.

(Embodiment 13)
FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the PID portion 2100 of the optical disk medium in the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. The PID unit 2100 is a modified example of PIDs 0 to 3 shown in FIG. The PID unit 2100 includes 52 frames of 372 bytes, and is formed with a length of 19344 bytes (372 bytes × 52 frames). The PID portion 2100 includes 8-bit PID information 2209, 24-bit block address information 2210, 16-bit IED information 2211, and 4-bit address mark (identification mark) 2112. PID information 2209, block address information 2210, and IED information 2211 are the same as those in the eleventh embodiment.

The address mark 2112 is arranged at the end (tail) of the PID part 2100 and has a role of detecting the head of the PID part that follows. Here, the sub information is a four information unit obtained by adding “B” in addition to “1”, “0” and “S”, and the address mark is expressed by combining the sub information “S” and “B”. The Furthermore, the address mark can be a combination of sub information different for each PID portion 2100. For example, as shown in FIG.
The combination of the sub information 4 bits of the address mark 2107 of D3 is assumed to be “SSSS”. When an address mark of this sub information combination is detected, it is identified as the address mark 2107 of PID3, and preparation for detecting the identification mark in the head appendix of the subsequent PID0 or the address of the PID part is made. it can.

  The combination of the 4-bit sub information of the address marks 2101, 2103 and 2105 of PID 0 to 2 is “SBBS”, and is a combination of sub information different from the address mark 2107 of PID 3. By making the address marks different between PID3 and PID0 to PID2, it becomes easy to distinguish between the PID3 address mark and the address mark of another PID part, and the detection accuracy of the PID3 address mark can be improved. . In other words, the combination of sub information different from other address marks makes it easy to detect the beginning of a block.

  Note that the PID0 to 2 address marks may be formed in the same wobble pattern (that is, all represent the same combination of sub information). For example, the address marks of PID 0 to 2 may all indicate the same sub information combination “SBBS”.

  Further, in the case of the address marks 2101, 2103, 2105 and 2107 as shown in FIG. 21, since the information of the address mark is recorded in advance in the wobble of the groove track, the differential of the two-divided photodetector such as a push-pull signal is performed. The address mark can be detected using the signal. Since the PID information 2209, the block address information 2210, and the IED information 2211 of the PID unit 2100 described above are detected using such differential signals, the block address or the head of the PID unit is detected (detection of an identification mark). Alternatively, a differential signal can be used. Therefore, it is possible to detect the head of the block or the PID part and the address information of the PID part without switching between the sum signal and the difference signal when reproducing the address signal. As a result, the circuit configuration of the signal detection unit can be simplified.

  Further, in the case of the address marks 2101, 2103, 2105 and 2107 as shown in FIG. 21, dummy data may be recorded in the track groove on the address mark in order to increase the detection accuracy of the address mark.

  As dummy data, for example, information obtained by simply repeating a 4T mark and a 4T space is recorded in the track groove. As a result, it is possible to perform frequency separation when detecting the recording mark and address mark of a single frequency component, and it is possible to increase the detection accuracy of the address mark. However, in the case of the address mark as shown in FIG. 21, since the address mark can be detected using the differential output of the two-divided photodetector, normal user data is not used for the track on the address mark but dummy data. Needless to say, it is possible to detect the address mark even after recording.

  Moreover, it is possible to use the identification mark in the attachment part together with the address mark. Since the identification mark in the attachment is, for example, a 2-byte mirror mark, the positioning accuracy is very high, and it is possible to increase the accuracy of the recording start position at the time of linking at the time of additional writing or rewriting recording.

(Embodiment 14)
FIG. 23A shows an optical disc apparatus 2300 according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention. The optical disc device 2300 reproduces the sub information recorded on the optical disc medium by the combination of the plurality of wobble shapes described in the embodiment of the present invention, and performs recording / reproduction of the main information. The operation of the optical disc apparatus 2300 shown in FIG. 23A will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 23B.

  The optical disc apparatus 2300 includes a conversion unit 2330, a reproduction signal calculation unit 2308, a focus position control unit 2309, a tracking position control unit 2310, a sub information detection unit 2312, a laser driving unit 2313, and a reproduction signal processing unit 2314. Address information / disk management information processing means 2315. The conversion unit 2330 includes a semiconductor laser 2302, a collimator lens 2303, a beam splitter 2304, a converging unit 2305, a condensing lens 2306, a light detection unit 2307, and an actuator 2311, and the light beam is applied to the optical disc medium 2301. By irradiation, main information and sub-information recorded on the optical disk medium 2301 are read and converted into a reproduction signal.

  Referring to FIGS. 23A and 23B, the light beam emitted from semiconductor laser 2302 passes through collimator lens 2303, beam splitter 2304, and converging means 2305, and is collected on the information surface on optical disk medium 2301. The collected light spot is reflected and diffracted on the optical disk medium 2301, passes through the converging means 2305, the beam splitter 2304, and the condenser lens 2306, and is condensed on the light detecting means 2307. Each of the light receiving elements A, B, C, and D included in the light detection unit 2307 outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the light amount as a reproduction signal 2320 (S100).

  The reproduction signal calculation means 2308 performs four arithmetic operations on the reproduction signal 2320. An FE (focus error) signal 2321 output from the reproduction signal calculation unit 2308 is transmitted to the focus control unit 2309. A TE (tracking error) signal 2322 output from the reproduction signal calculation unit 2308 is transmitted to the tracking control unit 2310. The RF (radio frequency) signal 2323 output from the reproduction signal calculation means 2308 is sent to the sub information detection means 2312 and the reproduction signal processing means 2314 (S200). The focus position control unit 2309 drives the actuator 2311 with a voltage output corresponding to the FE signal 2321 to control the focus position of the light spot on the information surface of the optical disk medium 2301. The tracking position control means 2310 drives the actuator 2311 with a voltage output corresponding to the TE signal 2322 to control the tracking position of the light spot at a desired track position on the two information surfaces of the optical disk medium 2301. By reading the uneven prepits on the optical disk medium 2301 or the dark and light marks and spaces having different reflectivities of the phase change optical disk medium by the light spot whose focus position control and tracking position are controlled, it is recorded on the optical disk medium 2301. Read the information. In the push-pull method, the TE signal 2322 is an output of a difference in received light amount of a set of light receiving elements A, B, C, and D in the track direction of the light detection means 2307 divided into four. Here, (A + D) − (B + C). The RF signal 2323 is an output of the sum of the received light amounts of the light receiving elements A, B, C, and D on the light detection means 2307 divided into four, and here is (A + B + C + D). The FE signal 2321 is (A + C) − (B + D) in the case of the astigmatism method.

  Next, the sub information reproduction procedure will be described. The TE signal 2322 and the RF signal 2323 generated by the reproduction signal calculation unit 2308 are output to the sub information detection unit 2312 and used for decoding the sub information. The sub information detected by the sub information detecting unit 2312 is output as a sub information signal 3420 to the address information / disk management information processing unit 2315 and the laser driving unit 2313.

  As shown in FIG. 34, the sub information detection unit 2312 includes a reference clock signal generation unit 3410, a binarized pulse signal generation unit 3411, a third BPF (band pass filter) 3403 that is a block mark signal detection unit, and sub information A generation unit 3412.

The reference clock signal generation unit 3410 includes a first BPF 3401 and a synchronous detection unit 3404. The binarized pulse signal generation unit 3411 includes a second BPF 3402, a comparison unit 3405, and an integrator 3408. The sub information generation unit 3412 includes a majority decision determination unit 3406 and a sub information decoder 3407.

  The first BPF 3401 is designed to have a filter constant that extracts the wobble signal modulated by the TE signal 2322. The first BPF 3401 includes a fundamental wave component having a sinusoidal waveform synchronized with the wobble of the track groove from the TE signal 2322. An output signal 3401 ′ is generated. The synchronous detector 3404 receives the output signal 3401 'and generates a reference clock signal 3404' synchronized with the signal read from the disk (S300). The reference clock signal 3404 'is used to synchronize the sub information signal.

  The second BPF 3402 is a differential filter that detects a sawtooth steep edge modulated by the TE signal 2322. The second BPF 3402 generates an upward or downward differential pulse signal 3402 ′ depending on the phase (or direction) of the sawtooth steep edge. The differential pulse signal 3402 ′ is input to the comparison unit 3405. The comparison unit 3405 compares the prescribed slice voltage fed back via the integrator 3408 with the differential pulse signal 3402 ′, and sets the upward and downward two states of the differential pulse signal 3402 ′ as “0” and “1”. The binarized pulse signal 3405 ′ thus generated is generated (S400). The binarized pulse signal 3405 ′ is output to the majority decision determination unit 3406.

  The third BPF 3403 filters the RF signal 2323, detects the block mark signal 3403 ', and determines the head of the sub information group (S500). The detected block mark signal 3403 ′ is output to the majority decision determination unit 3406, and is used for timing synchronization by the majority decision determination unit 3406.

  The majority decision determining unit 3406 uses “0” and “1” of the binarized pulse signal 3405 ′ within a specific time interval with reference to the synchronization signal generated from the reference clock signal 3404 ′ and the block mark signal 3403 ′. Are compared, and a large number of pulses within a specific time interval are output to the sub information decoder 3407 as a binary data signal 3406 ′. The sub information decoder 3407 checks whether there is an error in the binarized data signal 3406 'by using an error check code, and if there is no error, outputs it as a sub information signal 3420 (for example, address information) (S600).

  The sub information signal 3420 recorded on the optical disk medium is reproduced by the procedure as described above. The optical disc apparatus 2300 can determine which block in the track groove is being reproduced from the address information included in the reproduced sub information signal 3420. Further, when recording main information on the optical disk medium 2301, the address of the block immediately before the block to be recorded is determined, and it is predicted that the block to be recorded is the next block, thereby starting from the head of the block to be recorded. Main information can be recorded.

(Embodiment 15)
The lead-in area and lead-out area of the optical disc medium according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

First, the lead-in area and lead-out area of the conventional optical disc medium shown in FIG. 30 will be described. The optical disc medium 3001 has a lead-in area 3003 provided in the inner periphery, a lead-out area 3005 provided in the outer periphery, and a recording / reproduction area 3004 provided between the lead-in area 3003 and the lead-out area 3005. Including. As shown in an enlarged view of a portion 3007 of the lead-in area 3003, the lead-in area 3003 is formed with uneven pits 3006 in advance, and “0” or “1” is obtained by reading the difference in reflectance of the uneven pre-pits. Information is read. In the lead-in area 3003, disc management information is recorded in advance, for example, information such as disc reproduction power, servo information, and optimum recording power is recorded. In addition, a track groove 3002 is formed in advance in the recording / reproducing area 3004, and rewritable data is recorded on or erased from the track groove 3002 by tracking control along the track groove 3002.

  In the conventional optical disk medium 3001, the inner lead-in area 3003 and the outer lead-out area 3005 and the recording / reproducing area 3004 have a shape of the pit 3006 and a shape of the track groove 3002 formed in advance on the disk. Different. For this reason, there are two types of tracking methods: phase difference type tracking (DPD method) in the lead-in area 3003 and lead-out area 3005, and push-pull type tracking using diffraction from the track groove 3002 in the recording / reproducing area 3004. It was necessary to switch the tracking method.

  In the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, an optical disc medium in which the tracking method between the outer lead-in area and the lead-out area and the recording / reproduction area is unified is provided, and the tracking operation can be simplified. .

  Hereinafter, an optical disk medium according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 24 shows an optical disk medium 2400 of the present embodiment. The optical disc medium 2400 includes a lead-in area 2401, a recording / reproducing area 2402, and a lead-out area 2403. Disc management information is recorded in advance in the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403. The lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 can further include an area other than recording user data such as an area for test recording. In FIG. 24, the lead-in area 2401 can be provided within a radius of 22.59 mm to 24.02 mm from the center of the disk. The lead-in area 2401 includes a disk management area (a radius of 22.59 mm to 24.000 mm) in which disk management information is recorded in advance, and may include a rewritable area for trial recording of an optical disk medium or a drive. Here, the disk management area is a rewrite prohibition area in principle. In the embodiment of the present invention, the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 are described as meaning disk management areas.

  With reference to FIG. 36, the track groove 3631 formed in a spiral shape on the recording surface of the optical disc medium 2400 shown in FIG. 24 will be described. Here, a track groove 3631 indicates a track groove formed in the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403. As shown in FIG. 36, the track groove 3631 is periodically provided with wobbles (meandering) 3626, 3627, and 3628 having a predetermined shape, and the wobbles 3626, 3627, and 3628 are formed so that their shapes are different from each other. Sub-information (“0”, “1”, “S” or “B”). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 36, the wobbles 3626, 3627, and 3628 are formed in a sawtooth shape and a sinusoidal shape so that the rising displacement and the falling displacement are different per cycle. The disc management information is shown by a sequence of sub information shown by combining the wobbles 3626, 3627, and 3628.

The difference in slope between the rising displacement and the falling displacement can be easily detected from the signal reproduced by the differential push-pull detection. That is, if the scanning laser beam is irradiated onto the track groove 3631 and a differential signal (push-pull signal) of the light receiving element divided in the track vertical direction (radial direction) is generated, the sub information “0” or “1” is used. Signals with different rising and falling slopes are obtained. This difference in slope can be easily identified, for example, by differentiating the signal. Therefore, the sub information can be detected from the magnitude of the differential value. The sub information is used as disc management information for the recording / reproducing area 2402 in the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 area.

  In FIG. 36, a frame 3620 including a block mark 3630 has nine wobbles 3628 formed in advance, and indicates sub information “B”. In addition, in the 52 frames 3621 following the block mark 3630, 36 wobbles are formed in advance per frame, and indicate the sub information “0” and “1”. In the case of the optical disk medium 2400 of the present embodiment using the CLV method, the physical frequency at which the wobbles 3626, 3627, and 3628 are formed is constant as fb from the inner track to the outer track.

  Next, a comparison between the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 and the recording / reproducing area 2402 will be described with reference to FIGS. 25A and 25B.

  FIG. 25A shows a track groove 2502 in the recording / playback area 2402. Nine sinusoidal wobbles are formed in advance on the frame 2510 including the block mark 2520 and indicate the sub information “B”. Further, 36 sawtooth wobbles per frame are formed in advance in 52 frames 2511 following the block mark 2520, and indicate sub-information “0” and “1”. In the case of the optical disk medium 2400 of the present embodiment, which is a CLV disk, the physical frequency of the wobbles 2526, 2527, and 2528 is constant as fa (1 wobble 124 channel bits) from the inner track to the outer track. Further, the wobble vibration amount is constant at 22.5 nmpp.

  Recording is performed in the recording / reproducing area 2402 in such a manner that the recording mark is modulated. Here, a D46-modulated signal whose run length is limited by the shortest mark 2T is recorded on the track groove. The channel bit length at this time is 0.0771 μm. The laser wavelength used at the time of recording / reproduction has a central value of 405 nm (+10 nm, −5 nm) and NA = 0.85 ± 0.01.

  FIG. 25B shows a track groove 3631 in the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403. Details are as described with reference to FIG. However, the physical frequency fb of the wobble in the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 is formed at a frequency 10 times higher than the wobble frequency fa in the recording / reproducing area 2402. By setting the wobble frequency high, the amount of information included per unit area can be increased.

  Further, in the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403, a plurality of wobbles indicate 1-bit sub information. The number of wobbles indicating 1 bit, which is the minimum unit of sub information, may be different between the recording / reproducing area 2402, the lead-in area 2401, and the lead-out area 2403. By reducing the number of wobbles indicating one bit in the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 compared to the recording / reproducing area 2402, the disk management information is efficiently displayed in a small area of the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403. A wobble can be formed.

As described above, the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 include the track groove 3631 in which wobbles having a predetermined shape are periodically provided, and the wobble shape of the track groove indicates the disc management information. Since the wobble is periodically provided also in the track groove 2502 included in the recording / reproducing area 2402, the tracking method can be unified over the entire surface of the disk, and the optical disk apparatus can be simplified. Further, the wobble frequency of the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 is set to 10 times the wobble frequency of the recording / reproducing area 2402, and one wobble indicates 1-bit sub-information, so that recording is performed per unit area. The amount of information increases, and it becomes possible to efficiently form wobbles indicating disk management information in the lead-in area 2401 or lead-out area 2403 of the limited area on the inner or outer periphery.

  In this embodiment, the wobble frequency of the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 is set to 10 times that of the recording / reproducing area 2402, but the present invention is not limited to this value.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the wobble formed on the sawtooth wave as a wobble having a predetermined shape has been described as an example, but the wobble shape is not limited to the sawtooth wobble.

  Although one wobble indicates 1-bit information, a plurality of wobbles may indicate 1-bit information.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 26A and 26B, the wobble frequency fb in the lead-in area 2401 and lead-out area 2403 in FIG. 26B is made lower than the wobble frequency fa in the recording / playback area 2402 in FIG. It is also possible to improve the wobble detection S / N of the in-region 2401 and the lead-out region 2403. By doing so, it is possible to improve the reliability of the disc management information in the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403.

  In the present embodiment, the wobble frequency of the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 is the same, and the wobble frequency is different from that of the recording / reproducing area 2402. However, when the disc management information is recorded only in the inner lead-in area 2401, the wobble frequency only in the lead-in area 2401 may be different from that in the recording / reproducing area 2402.

  Further, in the present embodiment, it has been described that both the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 are provided on the optical disc medium. However, only the lead-in area 2401 or only the lead-out area 2403 may be provided.

(Embodiment 16)
27A and 27B show track grooves 2502 and 2731 of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 16 of the present invention.

  The track groove 2502 shown in FIG. 27A corresponds to the recording / reproducing area 2402 of the optical disk medium 2400 shown in FIG. 24, and the details are as described with reference to FIG. 25A. The track groove 2731 corresponds to the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403.

  Nine sinusoidal wobbles are formed in advance on the frame 2510 including the block mark 2520 and indicate the sub information “B”. Further, 36 sawtooth wobbles per frame are formed in advance in 52 frames 2511 following the block mark 2520, and indicate sub-information “0” and “1”. In the case of the optical disk medium 2400, which is a CLV disc, the physical frequency of the wobbles 2526, 2527, and 2528 is constant as fa (1 wobble 124 channel bits) from the inner track to the outer track. The wobble amplitude representing the wobble amount is constant with Ca.

  The track groove 2731 shown in FIG. 27B is different from the track groove 3631 shown in FIG. 25B in that the wobble amplitude representing the wobble amount is Cb, and Cb> Ca, which is larger than the wobble amplitude in the recording / reproducing area.

  Since the wobble signal amplitude at the time of reproduction increases in proportion to the wobble amplitude, as described above, by making the wobble amplitude of the lead-in area 24101 and the lead-out area 2403 larger than the wobble amplitude of the recording / reproducing area 2402, The wobble detection S / N during reproduction can be improved, and the read reliability of the disc management information can be improved.

  Further, in the present embodiment, it has been described that both the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 are provided on the optical disc medium. However, only the lead-in area 2401 or only the lead-out area 2403 may be provided.

(Embodiment 17)
28A and 28B show track grooves 2802 and 2831 of the optical disk medium according to Embodiment 17 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 28A, the wobble 2826 is formed by the CLV method, and the physical frequency of the wobble is constant from the inner track to the outer track. Therefore, the phase difference of the wobble 2826 between adjacent tracks is different for each track position and each radial position. During reproduction, the influence of interference with adjacent tracks becomes significant due to the difference in phase difference, and the wobble amplitude detected in the reproduction signal changes periodically due to the phase difference. The S / N is reduced in the wobble where the wobble signal amplitude at the time of reproduction that periodically changes is minimum.

  The track groove 2831 shown in FIG. 28B is different from the track grooves 2502 and 3631 shown in FIG. 25B in that the wobble 2827 is formed by the CAV method, and the phase difference of the wobble 2827 between adjacent tracks is always π / 2. It is that you are.

  In this way, by forming wobbles in the recording / reproducing area 2402, the lead-in area 2401, and the lead-out area 2403 by the CAV method, the wobble signal amplitude at the time of reproduction can be made constant and the wobble detection reliability can be improved. is there.

  Further, although the wobble phase difference is π / 2, wobble change points (steep edges) are formed at the position of phase 0 at the time of normal rise and the position of phase π at the time of fall. Therefore, by setting the numerical value of π / 2 × (2n + 1) (n is an integer) and setting the change point of the wobble of the adjacent track to the position of π / 2, 3 × π / 2, crosstalk from the adjacent track There is an effect of reducing the influence. Further, the phase difference is not limited to such a numerical value, and may be other constant values.

  Further, instead of the CAV method, the recording / reproducing area 2402, the lead-in area 2401, and the lead-out area 2403 may be formed by a ZCLV method, for example, which is performed in a DVD-RAM.

  Further, by forming the wobble of the recording / reproducing area 2402 by the CAV method or the ZCLV method without forming it by the CLV method, the reliability of the address information reproduced from the recording / reproducing area 2402 can be improved.

  Further, in the present embodiment, it has been described that both the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 are provided on the optical disc medium. However, only the lead-in area 2401 or only the lead-out area 2403 may be provided.

(Embodiment 18)
FIGS. 29A and 29B show track grooves 2902 and 2931 of the optical disk medium according to Embodiment 18 of the present invention.

  The track groove 2902 shown in FIG. 29A corresponds to the recording / playback area 2402 of the optical disk medium 2400 shown in FIG. 24, and the details are as described with reference to FIG. 25A. The track groove 2931 corresponds to the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403.

  The track pitch (that is, the track interval) of the track groove 2902 shown in FIG. 29A is TPa. The main information recording method is a groove recording method for recording in the track groove.

  The track groove 2931 shown in FIG. 29B is different from the track groove 3631 shown in FIG. 25B in that when the track pitch of the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 is TPb, TPb> TPa and the track pitch of the recording / playback area 2402 It is larger than that. For example, when reproducing an optical disk medium with TPa = 0.32 μm (distance between the guide groove) in the groove recording method using a light spot generated with an optical constant of a wavelength of 405 nm and NA = 0.85, the push-pull method is used. The amplitude of the tracking error signal obtained in is very small. Increasing the track pitch increases the amplitude of the tracking error signal accordingly. When the wobble amount is constant, the wobble signal amplitude at the time of reproduction basically increases in proportion to the amplitude of the tracking error signal. Therefore, widening the track pitch increases the wobble signal amplitude at the time of reproduction.

  In this way, by making the track pitch TPb of the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 wider than the track pitch TPa of the recording / reproducing area 2402, the detection S / N of the wobble in the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 can be reduced. It is possible to improve.

  Further, by setting TPb <TPa, it becomes possible to efficiently record the disc management information in the inner and outer peripheral areas of the lead-in area and the lead-out area.

  In the fifteenth to eighteenth embodiments, the wobble frequency, wobble amplitude, phase difference between adjacent tracks, track pitch, etc. in the lead-in area and the lead-out area are different from those in the recording / reproducing area. Needless to say, the lead-in area and the lead-out area may be combined.

  Also, dark and light recording marks are not formed on the tracks in the disk management area of the lead-in area and the lead-out area. As a result, the S / N of the reproduction signal in the disk management area can be increased, and the read reliability of the disk management area can be improved.

  Further, in the present embodiment, it has been described that both the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 are provided on the optical disc medium. However, only the lead-in area 2401 or only the lead-out area 2403 may be provided.

(Embodiment 19)
FIG. 35 shows a track groove 3531 of the optical disk medium according to the nineteenth embodiment of the present invention.

  The track groove 3531 corresponds to the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 of the optical disc medium 2400 shown in FIG.

  The track groove 3531 shown in FIG. 35 is different from the track groove 3631 shown in FIG. 25B in that a single frequency recording mark is recorded on the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 (that is, the track groove 3531). It is a point that has been. For example, when recording a recording mark having a recording channel bit length of 0.0771 μm, an 8T recording mark and a repetitive signal of a space are recorded in a form of being additionally recorded in a track groove 3531 forming a disc management area. As a result, it is possible to perform reproduction with a reproducing apparatus (DPD type tracking) that does not have a push-pull type tracking means, and there is an effect that compatibility between apparatuses is improved.

  Further, in the present embodiment, it has been described that both the lead-in area 2401 and the lead-out area 2403 are provided on the optical disc medium. However, only the lead-in area 2401 or only the lead-out area 2403 may be provided.

(Embodiment 20)
FIG. 31 shows a track groove 3101 of the optical disk medium in the twentieth embodiment of the present invention.

  In the first embodiment, the block mark 210 is provided by cutting the track groove 102, but in this embodiment, the block mark 3104 is formed by locally inverting the phase of the wobble 3126 of the track groove 3101. With such a block mark 3104, the track groove 3101 is not cut off, so that information can be recorded on the block mark. As a result, overhead can be reduced.

(Embodiment 21)
FIG. 32 shows a track groove 3201 of the optical disk medium according to Embodiment 21 of the present invention.

  In the first embodiment, the block mark 210 is provided by cutting the track groove 102, but in this embodiment, a plurality of block marks 3204 a and 3204 b are formed by locally inverting the phase of the wobble 3226 of the track groove 3201. . With such block marks 3204a and 3204b, the track groove 3201 is not cut off, and the continuity of the phase of the wobble 3226 is maintained outside the interval between the block marks 3204a and 3204b. Thus, the reproduction operation can be performed without causing a phase shift of the PLL. Also, main information can be recorded on the block marks 3204a and 3204b, and as a result overhead can be reduced.

(Embodiment 22)
FIG. 33 shows a track groove 3301 of the optical disk medium in the twenty-second embodiment of the present invention.

  In the first embodiment, the block mark 210 is provided by cutting the track groove 102, but in this embodiment, the block mark 3304 is formed by a wobble 3326 having a frequency locally higher than that of the wobble 26. With such a block mark 3304, the track groove 3301 is not cut off, so that main information can also be recorded on the block mark 3304. As a result, overhead can be reduced.

  In addition, in Embodiments 1, 4, 5, 7-12, 15, 16, and 19-22, the track groove in which the block mark is formed is disclosed. However, the track groove is provided on the optical disc medium in a format in which the block mark is not formed. May be.

The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 1 of this invention The figure which shows the optical disk medium in Embodiment 1 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 2 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 3 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 4 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 5 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 6 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 7 of this invention The figure which shows the optical disk medium in Embodiment 7 of this invention The figure which shows the address structure of the optical disk in Embodiment 7 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 8 of this invention The figure which shows the address structure of the optical disk in Embodiment 8 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 9 of this invention The figure which shows the address structure of the optical disk in Embodiment 9 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 10 of this invention The figure which shows the address structure of the optical disk in Embodiment 7 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 12 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 12 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 12 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 12 of this invention The figure which shows the address structure of the optical disk in Embodiment 13 of this invention. The figure which shows the address structure of the optical disk in Embodiment 11 of this invention. The figure which shows the optical disk apparatus in Embodiment 14 of this invention. Flowchart showing an optical disk reproducing method according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the optical disk medium in Embodiment 15 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 15 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 15 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 15 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 15 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 16 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 16 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 17 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 17 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 18 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 18 of this invention. A diagram showing a conventional optical disk medium The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 20 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 21 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 22 of this invention. The figure which shows the optical disk apparatus in Embodiment 14 of this invention. The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 19 of this invention The figure which shows the track groove of the optical disk medium in Embodiment 15 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

22, 23, 24 frames 25 sectors 101 optical disk medium recording surface 102 track grooves 210, 212, 213 block mark 241 blocks

Claims (3)

An optical disc medium having a track groove in which a sine wave wobble is formed ,
The track groove comprises a block;
The block includes a plurality of unit sections,
Each of the plurality of unit sections includes a plurality of unit subsections,
Each of the plurality of unit subsections includes a part of address information;
A part of the address information is indicated by either a predetermined first wobble or a second wobble,
The first wobble and the second wobble have the same frequency as the sine wave wobble,
The first wobble has a shape with a gentle rising slope and a steep falling slope with respect to the sine wave wobble,
The optical disk medium, wherein the second wobble has a shape with a steep rising slope and a gentle falling slope with respect to the sine wave wobble . An optical disc reading method for reading address information recorded on an optical disc medium,
The optical disc includes a track groove in which a sine wave wobble is formed ,
The track groove comprises a block;
The block includes a plurality of unit sections,
Each of the plurality of unit sections includes a plurality of unit subsections,
Each of the plurality of unit subsections includes a part of address information;
A part of the address information is indicated by either a predetermined first wobble or a second wobble,
The first wobble and the second wobble have the same frequency as the sine wave wobble,
The first wobble has a shape with a slow rising slope and a steep falling slope with respect to the sine wave wobble,
The second wobble has a shape with a steep rising slope and a gentle falling slope with respect to the sine wave wobble,
The optical disc reading method includes:
Irradiating the optical disc medium with a light beam;
Generating an electrical signal based on the light reflected from the optical disc;
And a step of detecting a part of the address information from the electrical signal. A method for recording information on an optical disc based on address information recorded on an optical disc medium,
The optical disc includes a track groove in which a sine wave wobble is formed ,
The track groove comprises a block;
The block includes a plurality of unit sections,
Each of the plurality of unit sections includes a plurality of unit subsections,
Each of the plurality of unit subsections includes a part of address information;
A part of the address information is indicated by either a predetermined first wobble or a second wobble,
The first wobble and the second wobble have the same frequency as the sine wave wobble,
The first wobble has a shape with a gentle rising slope and a steep falling slope with respect to the sine wave wobble,
The second wobble has a shape with a steep rising slope and a gentle falling slope with respect to the sine wave wobble,
The recording method is:
Irradiating the optical disc medium with a light beam;
Generating an electrical signal based on the light reflected from the optical disc;
Detecting a part of the address information from the electrical signal;
Recording information on the optical disk based on the detected address information. An optical disk recording method comprising:

Images