JP4133482B2 - Optometry equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus for performing optometry on an eye to be examined, and more particularly to an optometry apparatus capable of performing binocular simultaneous objective refraction measurement and subjective refraction measurement.
[0002]
[Prior art]
At present, optometry for the purpose of spectacle prescription is a method for determining the correction power of a spectacle lens by performing one-eye complete correction power measurement or binocular balance test by subjective refraction measurement based on the measurement result of objective refraction measurement. Generally taken. As an optometry apparatus for performing spectacle prescription by such a method, for example, the one disclosed in Patent Document 1 below is known.
[0003]
Patent Document 1 discloses a cross cylinder member disposed on the optical axis of an optometry optical system, and the cross cylinder member between a first state and a second state in each of astigmatism power measurement and astigmatism axis measurement. Driving means for driving inversion or equivalent to inversion driving, and selection means for selecting either astigmatism power measurement or astigmatism axis measurement by an optometry optical system, and a character display indicating the astigmatism power or astigmatism axis First selection means provided, second selection means for further selecting one of the first state and the second state of the cross cylinder in the one selected by the first selection means, Changing the astigmatism power and astigmatism axis of the optometry optical system in predetermined steps in directions corresponding to the first state and the second state selected by the second selection unit, respectively. And a control means for controlling the driving means according to the selection by the first selection means and the second selection means, thereby improving the operability when performing a cross cylinder test. A subjective optometry apparatus is disclosed.
[0004]
Determination of the astigmatism axis in the cross cylinder test performed by such a normal optometry apparatus is based on the following method. In other words, while aligning the intermediate axis of the cross cylinder lens CC ± 0.50D with the approximate axis of astigmatism obtained by placing the minimum circle of confusion of the astigmatic eye on the retina, and reversing the cross cylinder lens with the intermediate axis as the rotation axis, Have the subject compare the appearance of both by reversal. Then, on the side selected by the subject, both the rough astigmatic axis and the intermediate axis of the cross cylinder lens are simultaneously rotated by 5 ° in the direction of the negative axis of the cross cylinder lens. An accurate astigmatic axis angle is obtained by repeating this operation to obtain an angle at which there is no difference in appearance due to inversion.
[0005]
The determination of astigmatism in the cross-cylinder test by such an optometry apparatus is performed by aligning the minus axis or the plus axis with the direction of the axis of the cylindrical lens of the apparatus main body, and the intermediate axis as the rotation axis in the same manner as the astigmatism axis. The subject is compared with the appearance of both by reversing. When the negative axis of the cross cylinder lens and the axis of the cylindrical lens coincide with each other and the image flow is smaller, an astigmatism power C-0.25D is added. On the other hand, if the flow of the image is smaller when the plus axis is coincident with the axis of the cylindrical lens, C-0.25D is reduced. If this is repeated and the negative axis side and the positive axis side look the same, the cylindrical power of the cylindrical lens at that time is determined as the astigmatic power of the eye to be examined. If there is a slight difference between the two, the weakest degree on the negative axis side is selected and determined as the astigmatism power.
[0006]
By the way, in recent years, the number of people wearing refractive power correction tools such as eyeglasses is increasing, and as a result, the need for optometry for prescription is also increasing. In addition, because of the rapid progress in the fashion of eyeglasses, not only hospitals and clinics, but more people are taking optometry measurements at general eyeglass stores. From such a background, in spite of the importance of empirical techniques for performing optometry, there are many cases where prescriptions are often made by examiners who are not specialists such as ophthalmologists.
[0007]
In order to deal with this situation, objective refractive power measurement (sometimes abbreviated as objective measurement) and subjective refractive power measurement (subjective measurement) while guiding the subject through movie broadcasts and announcement output Have been proposed and have entered the practical application stage.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2911811
(Paragraphs [0007], [0018] to [0026], FIGS. 7 and 14)
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
[0010]
Since such an optometry apparatus is not premised on the existence of a skilled examiner, it is configured to ensure sufficient accuracy even in optometry by an examiner with little knowledge and experience, or in an optometry in a situation where there is no examiner. There is a need. In particular, in order to achieve sufficient accuracy in the cross-cylinder test performed by the complicated and delicate processes as described above, some kind of measurement process in place of a skilled examiner is required.
[0011]
That is, the cross-cylinder test is a test performed by comparing the clarity of each target presented alternately with the minimum confusion circle of the astigmatic eye as the position of the retina, and presented simultaneously. Because it is based on a very vague criterion of comparing the clarity of the blurred images, it is not a comparison of the target, so it is not familiar with cross-cylinder testing, especially for those who are new to optometry. There is a problem that it is difficult for a person to judge.
[0012]
Even in such a case, an experienced examiner can determine the visual state of the subject from the manner of response and facial expression of the subject, and can respond flexibly. Although it is possible to maintain the measurement accuracy, it is very difficult to maintain the reliability of the measurement results when the examiner has little experience or knowledge or when there is no examiner.
[0013]
Considering such a viewpoint, the optometry apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is configured on the premise of the presence of an examiner who performs various specialized operations at the time of measurement. Therefore, measurement accuracy can be improved in an automated optometry process. It seems difficult to hold.
[0014]
In addition, optometry by automated optometry equipment is also targeted at a wide range of ages from infants to the elderly as in the past, so if there are questions in the measurement results due to the judgment ability of the subject, etc. Although it is necessary to select measurement results, it was difficult without a skilled examiner.
[0015]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and even when an inexperienced examiner performs an optometry or when there is no examiner, the measurement accuracy is high regardless of the judgment ability of the subject. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus capable of performing astigmatic axis angle measurement and astigmatism power measurement.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 has a target-presenting means for presenting a target to the subject's eye, and simultaneous measurement of both eyes of the subject's eye. And the subjective refraction measurement of the subject's eye based on the objective value of the subject's eye acquired thereby, and a predetermined target for the target presented by the target presentation means A cross cylinder lens for adding refractive power in a direction, and a driving means for driving the cross cylinder lens to change the refractive power added to the visual target and the direction in which the refractive power is added. The refractive power of the cross cylinder lens is alternately added to the target in two directions, and the test subject is made to respond to whether the state of the target is clearly visually recognized. Measure the astigmatic axis angle and astigmatism power of the eye to be examined. An optometric apparatus configured to automatically perform a cross cylinder test, wherein the refractive power applied to the target by driving the cross cylinder lens at a predetermined stage of the cross cylinder test And control means for controlling the driving means so as to perform the cross cylinder test in a state where the converted refractive power is applied to the target.
[0017]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 2 is the optometry apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the response is made for each content of the response of the subject in the cross cylinder test. The control means further drives the cross cylinder lens in response to the same content being continuously counted a predetermined number of times by the counting means. The drive means is controlled to convert the refractive power added to the visual target.
[0018]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 3 is the optometry apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the control means is configured such that the converted refractive power is added to the target. In the cross cylinder test to be performed, the cross cylinder test is controlled to end in response to the same content being continuously counted a predetermined number of times by the counting means.
[0019]
In order to achieve the above object, a fourth aspect of the present invention is the optometry apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the control means is added to the visual target. The drive means is controlled to increase the refractive power of the cross cylinder lens.
[0020]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that it has a visual target presenting means for presenting a visual target to the subject's eye, and both eyes of the subject's eye are simultaneously displayed. It is possible to automatically perform objective refraction measurement and subjective refraction measurement of the subject's eye based on the objective value of the subject's eye acquired thereby, and the visual target presented by the visual target presenting means A cross-cylinder lens for adding a refractive power in a predetermined direction with respect to the lens, and driving the cross-cylinder lens to change the refractive power added to the visual target and the direction in which the refractive power is added. Driving means, and alternately applying the refractive power of the cross cylinder lens to the target in two directions, and responding to the subject as to which state of the target is clearly visible Astigmatism axis angle of the eye to be examined and An optometry apparatus configured to automatically perform a cross-cylinder test for measuring a diopter number, and for each content of the response of the subject in the cross-cylinder test, the number of times of the response And a verification test for verifying the judgment ability with respect to the cross cylinder test in response to the same content being continuously counted a predetermined number of times by the counting means. Control means for controlling the drive means to be applied to a person.
[0021]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 6 is the optometry apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the control means is added to the visual target when the cross cylinder test is started. The initial value of the refractive power of the cross cylinder lens and the current value of the refractive power added to the target when the cross cylinder test is shifted to the verification test are alternately added to the target. The verification test is performed by prompting the subject to respond to whether the target state to which the initial value or the current value is added is clearly visible. The drive means is controlled to perform.
[0022]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 7 is the optometry apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the control means is configured such that the initial value of the refractive power of the cross cylinder lens is The verification is performed by alternately presenting the first state of the added target and the second state of the target to which the current value of the refractive power is added to the subject in this order. The driving means is controlled to perform the first test of the test, and the order of presenting the first state and the second state of the target is changed and presented to the subject alternately. And controlling the driving means to perform the second test of the verification test, and when the content of the response of the subject with respect to the first test and the second test is the same, the cross cylinder The cross cylinder is assumed to have no subject judgment ability for the test. Characterized in that it end the strike.
[0023]
In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 8 is the optometry apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the initial value of the refractive power of the cross cylinder lens is used. In order for the subject to identify which of the target state to which the current value of the refractive power is added and which of the target state is presented, The apparatus further includes voice output means for outputting an announcement including the name of the state, and the control means controls the voice output means to change the designation of the state of the target and output the announcement. It is characterized by.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example of an optometry apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0024]
[Configuration of optometry apparatus]
In FIG. 1, 1 is an optometry table whose height can be adjusted up and down, 2 is an optometry apparatus arranged on the optometry table 1, 3 is an optometry chair, and 4 is a subject seated on the optometry apparatus 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the optometry apparatus 2 includes a pedestal 5a, a drive mechanism box 5b, a pair of left and right main bodies 5l and 5r incorporating a measurement optical system to be described later, and a face receiving device 6. The main body portions 5l and 5r are supported by the columns 5p and 5q.
[0025]
The face receiving device 6 is provided with a pair of support posts 6a and 6b and a chin rest 6d. An arc-shaped forehead pad 6c is provided on the pair of columns 6a and 6b. The chin rest 6d can be adjusted in the vertical direction by the knobs 6e and 6e. The forehead pad 6c can also be adjusted in the front-rear direction.
[0026]
In the drive mechanism box 5b, an XYZ drive mechanism (not shown) for independently driving the columns 5p and 5q is provided. For example, a pulse drive motor and a feed screw are used for the XYZ drive mechanism, and a known configuration can be adopted. Further, in the drive mechanism box 5b, there is provided a rotation drive mechanism that rotates the columns 5p and 5q independently in the horizontal direction and in the opposite direction. A combination of a pulse motor and a gear may be used for this rotational drive mechanism. The main body parts 5l and 5r have binocular simultaneous objective measurement and subjective refraction measurement functions, and are rotated around the eyeball rotation points of the left and right eyes.
[0027]
The pedestal 5a is provided with a joystick lever (hereinafter referred to as a lever) 6h, and this lever 6h is provided with a button 6g.
[0028]
The measurement optical system of the main body 5l includes the anterior segment imaging optical system 30L, the XY alignment optical system 31L, the fixation optical system 32L, and the refractive power measurement optical system 33L shown in FIGS. The measurement optical system of the main body 5r includes an anterior ocular segment imaging optical system 30R, an XY alignment optical system 31R, a fixation optical system 32R, and a refractive power measurement optical system 33R as shown in FIGS. . Since the measurement optical system of the main body 5l and the measurement optical system of the main body 5r are bilaterally symmetric, the measurement optical system of the main body 5l will be described.
[0029]
The anterior ocular segment imaging optical system 30 </ b> L includes an anterior ocular segment illumination optical system 34 and an imaging optical system 35. The anterior segment illumination optical system 34 has a light source 36 for anterior segment illumination, a diaphragm 36a, and a projection lens 37 that projects light from the light source 36 onto the anterior segment of the eye E.
[0030]
The imaging optical system 35 includes a prism P on which reflected light from the anterior segment of the eye E is incident, an objective lens 38, a dichroic mirror 39, an aperture 40, a dichroic mirror 41, relay lenses 42 and 43, a dichroic mirror 44, and a CCD lens. (Imaging lens) 45 and CCD (imaging means) 46 are provided.
[0031]
The XY alignment optical system 31L includes an alignment illumination optical system 47 and a photographing optical system 35 as an alignment light receiving optical system. As shown in FIG. 4, the alignment illumination optical system 47 includes an alignment illumination light source 48, an aperture 49 as an alignment target, a relay lens 50, a dichroic mirror 41, an aperture 40, a dichroic mirror 39, an objective lens 38, and a prism. P.
[0032]
The fixation optical system 32L includes a liquid crystal display 53, a half mirror 54, a collimator lens 55, rotary prisms 55A and 55B, a reflection mirror 56, a moving lens 57, and a relay lens that display a fixation target and a chart for subjective optometry. 58 and 59, cross cylinder lenses (VCC lenses) 59A and 59B, reflection mirror 60, dichroic mirrors 61 and 39, objective lens 38, and prism (may be a mirror) P.
[0033]
The known rotary prisms 55A and 55B shown in FIG. 11 are used. When the rotary prisms 55A and 55B are rotated in opposite directions, the prism amount can be continuously changed. When the rotary prisms 55A and 55B are integrally rotated in the same direction, the prism base direction is rotated. The rotary prisms 55A and 55B are used to measure oblique positions by presenting the target 71A shown in FIG. 12A to the left eye and the target 71B shown in FIG. 12B to the right eye. As shown in FIG. 12C, the normal eye intersects the visual target 71A and the visual target 71B at the center, but is separated when there is an oblique position. The rotary prisms 55A and 55B are used to measure the amount of prism at which the visual target 71A and the visual target 71B intersect at the center as shown in FIG. As the cross cylinder lenses (VCC lenses) 59A and 59B, known lenses shown in FIG. 13 are used, and when they are rotated in opposite directions by a pulse motor PMa (driving means) described later, the astigmatism power is changed and integrally rotated in the same direction. As a result, the astigmatism axis is rotated.
[0034]
Here, the target is presented using the liquid crystal display 53 as the target presentation means, but a known one that provides a target on the turret board and presents the target with background illumination is used. May be.
[0035]
In the fixation optical system 32L, the moving lens 57 is movable in the optical axis direction by the pulse motor PMa according to the refractive power of the eye E. Thereby, fixation eye fog can be made to eye E to be examined.
[0036]
The fixation optical system 32L is provided with a fusion target presentation optical system 32L '. The fusion target presentation optical system 32L 'includes an LED 53A as an illumination light source, a collimator lens 53B, a fusion frame chart 53D, and a total reflection mirror 53E. As shown in FIG. 14, a square transmission window 53F and a light shielding portion 53G are formed on the fusion frame chart 53D. The collimator lens 53B is provided with a diffusing surface to uniformly illuminate the fusion frame chart 53D.
[0037]
In the embodiment of the present invention, the fusion target presentation optical system 32 </ b> L ′ is provided, but the fusion frame 53 </ b> F may be directly provided on the target of the liquid crystal display 53.
[0038]
The refractive power measurement optical system 33L includes a measurement light beam projection optical system 62 and a measurement light beam reception optical system 63. The measurement light beam projection optical system 62 includes a measurement light source 64 such as an infrared LED, a collimator lens 65, a conical prism 66, a ring target 67, a relay lens 68, a ring-shaped stop 69, and a hole in which a through hole 70a is formed in the center. A perforated prism 70, dichroic mirrors 61 and 39, an objective lens 38, and a prism P are included.
[0039]
The measurement light beam receiving optical system 62 includes a prism P that receives reflected light from the fundus oculi Ef of the eye E, an objective lens 38, dichroic mirrors 39 and 61, a through hole 70a of a perforated prism 70, a reflection mirror 71, and a relay. A lens 72, a moving lens 73, a reflection mirror 74, a dichroic mirror 44, a CCD lens 45, and a CCD 46 are included. Since the optical system of the main body 5r is substantially the same as the optical system of the main body 5l, its description is omitted.
[0040]
A control system for the main body portions 5l and 5r is shown in FIG. The drive devices 20, 24, 26 and 28, the illumination light source 36 for observing the anterior segment, the liquid crystal display (fixed target light source) 53, the measurement light source 64, the pulse motor PMa, etc. are described later in FIG. The operation is controlled by an arithmetic control circuit 62 'based on the control of 63 (control means). Further, a detection signal from the CCD 46 is input to the arithmetic control circuit 62 '. The control system of the main body 5r is the same as the control system of the main body 5l.
[0041]
As shown in FIG. 8, the entire control circuit includes an arithmetic control circuit 63 that controls the control circuits 62 'and 62' of the main body portions 5l and 5r. The calculation control circuit 63 is connected to a button 6g, a tilt sensor 12b that detects the tilting operation of the lever 6h, and a rotation sensor 12c that detects a rotation operation of the lever 12h about the axis. The arithmetic control circuit 63 is connected to liquid crystal displays 64l and 64r and a monitor device 64q as monitor devices. As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid crystal display 64l is provided in front of the main body 5l and plays a role of displaying an anterior segment image of the left eye of the eye E to be examined. The display unit 64r is provided on the front surface of the main body unit 5r and plays a role of displaying an anterior segment image of the right eye of the eye E to be examined. The monitor device 64q is attached to a support column 64s provided upright on the seat portion 5a. The monitor device 64q presents on the display screen 64q 'a monitor screen for explaining the procedure for measuring the optometry by the subject himself / herself by movie broadcasting. The arithmetic control circuit 63 is connected to an audio output unit 80 as audio output means for outputting audio for guiding the subject during measurement. Although not shown in detail, the audio output unit 80 is configured to include a recording unit, speakers, and the like that record various announcement voices for guidance, so that the arithmetic control circuit 63 selects and outputs the audio. It has become. Further, the arithmetic control circuit 63 constitutes counting means for counting the number of times of each subject's response contents in the cross cylinder test performed for measuring the astigmatism power and the astigmatic axis angle.
[0042]
A lens meter 1000 is connected to the optometry apparatus 2. The connection mode of the lens meter 1000 may be any of FIGS. 9A to 9C. The appearance of the lens meter 1000 is shown in FIG. 10, for example. This lens meter 1000 has a function of simultaneously measuring the optical characteristics of the left and right framed eyeglass lenses 1006L and 1006R of the eyeglasses 1006. In FIG. 10, reference numerals 1007L and 1007R denote pressing levers for the spectacle lenses 1006L and 1006R. When the eyeglasses 1006 are placed on the eyeglass set base 1001 of the lens meter 1000, a detection pin (not shown) installed on the eyeglass set base 1001 detects the set of eyeglasses 1006. As a result, the holding levers 1007L and 1007R are automatically lowered, and the glasses 1006 are fixed by the holding claws 1008L and 1008R. Obtained at the same time. Further, based on the optical characteristic data of the left and right eyeglass lenses 1006L and 1006R, the PD value of the subject (eyeglass wearer) is obtained. The structure of the measurement optical system of the lens meter 1000 can in principle be configured using two known measurement optical systems, and a detailed description thereof is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-399801. . In the embodiment of the present invention, the lens meter shown in FIG. 10 is used, but a known auto lens meter having a PD measurement function can also be used.
[0043]
The characteristic data of the spectacle lenses 1006L and 1006R of the lens meter 1000 is input to the arithmetic control circuit 63. The arithmetic control circuit 63 also serves to display the optical characteristic values and PD values of the eyeglass lenses 1006L and 1006R on the display screen 64 'of the monitor device 64q. In the case of a spectacle lens wearer, it is desirable to perform initial setting of the main body parts 5l and 5r using this PD value.
[0044]
[Operation of optometry device]
The monitor device 64q is turned on when the subject 4 visits the store, and predetermined items are displayed on the display screen 64q '. In accordance with the instruction displayed on the display screen 64q 'of the monitor device 64q, the subject 4 operates the touch panel of the display screen 64q'. For example, gender, age, presence / absence of wearing glasses or contact lenses, and the like are input according to instructions on the touch panel. At the same time, instructions are guided by voice.
[0045]
When the subject 4 is a spectacle wearer, the optical characteristic value data (frequency) of the spectacles 1006 is measured by the lens meter 1000. When these series of questions are completed, a movie explaining the operation procedure of the optometry apparatus 2 is broadcast on the display screen 64q 'of the monitor device 64q.
[0046]
Then, when the subject 4 sits down and puts his / her chin on the chin rest 6d and puts the forehead on the forehead pad 6c, the body part 5l is used to perform auto-alignment on the left eye EL and the right eye ER of the subject 4 The anterior ocular segment observation light source 36, the alignment illumination light source 48, and the liquid crystal display 53 in 5r are turned on.
[0047]
The light of the fixation target displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 is a reflection mirror 54, a collimator lens 55, a reflection mirror 56, a moving lens 57, relay lenses 58 and 59, a reflection mirror 60, dichroic mirrors 61 and 39, and an objective lens 38. The light is projected onto the fundus oculi Ef of the left eye EL and the right eye ER of the subject 4 via the prism P.
[0048]
The liquid crystal display 53 displays a landscape chart 99 as a visual target as shown in FIG. 15 and presents it to the subject 4.
[0049]
Further, the arithmetic control circuit 63 makes the distance between the centers (optical axes OL, OR) of the prisms P, P of the main body portions 5l, 5r equal to the average interpupillary distance (PD value = 66 mm) of an adult subject. The main body parts 5l and 5r are initially set in the horizontal direction and adjusted. On the other hand, the subject 4 adjusts the height of the chin rest 6d and the like so that the landscape chart 99 as a fixation target can be seen.
[0050]
Illumination light from the light source 36 for anterior segment illumination is projected onto the anterior segment of the left eye EL and right eye ER via the diaphragm 36a and the projection lens 37, and the anterior segment is illuminated. Reflected light from the anterior segment of the left eye EL and right eye ER is prism P, objective lens 38, dichroic mirror 39, aperture 40, dichroic mirror 41, relay lenses 42 and 43, dichroic mirror 44, CCD lens (image formation). The image is projected onto a CCD (imaging means) 46 through a lens 45. Then, the anterior segment image EL ′ of the left eye EL is formed on the CCD 46. Further, the arithmetic control circuit 62 ′ displays the anterior eye part image EL ′ of the left eye EL on the liquid crystal display part 64 l of the main body part 51 based on the output signal from the CCD 46. Similarly, the anterior eye part image ER ′ of the right eye ER is displayed on the liquid crystal display part 64r of the main body part 5r.
[0051]
On the other hand, the alignment light beam from the illumination light source 48 for XY alignment passes through the diaphragm 49, the relay lens 50, the dichroic mirror 41, the diaphragm 40, the dichroic mirror 39, the objective lens 38, and the prism P as alignment targets. 4 is projected onto the cornea CL of the left eye EL. The reflected light from the cornea CL is imaged on the CCD 46 via the prism P, the objective lens 38, the dichroic mirror 39, the aperture 40, the dichroic mirror 41, the relay lenses 42 and 43, the dichroic mirror 44, and the CCD lens 45. A bright spot image from the cornea CL is formed on the CCD 46. The bright spot image is displayed on the liquid crystal display 64l by the arithmetic control circuit 63 together with the anterior segment image EL ′ of the left eye EL. Similarly, the bright spot image from the cornea CR of the right eye ER is also displayed on the liquid crystal display 64r together with the anterior segment image ER 'of the right eye ER. The arithmetic control circuit 63 is arranged so that the bright spot image from the cornea CL of the left eye EL enters a predetermined central region of the CCD 46, that is, the optical axis of the left eye EL is the center of the prism P of the main body 5l (optical axis OL). ), The drive devices 20 and 26 are controlled to be driven in the direction matching the above. With this driving, when the optical axis of the left eye EL falls within an allowable range that substantially coincides with the optical axis OL of the main body 51, the arithmetic control circuit 63 stops the operation of the driving devices 20 and 26, and the main body Complete XY alignment for 5l left eye EL. XY alignment with respect to the right eye ER of the main body 5r is performed in the same manner.
[0052]
When the XY alignment of the main body 5l with respect to the left eye EL is completed, the arithmetic control circuit 63 drives and controls the z (front / rear) direction driving device 24 so that the bright spot image on the CCD 46 becomes clear, thereby controlling the main body 5l. Movement control is performed in the optical axis OL direction (front-rear direction). When the arithmetic control circuit 63 detects that the bright spot image on the CCD 46 has become clear, it stops driving the z (front-rear) direction driving device 24 and completes the Z alignment. Z alignment for the right eye ER of the main body 5r is performed in the same manner.
[0053]
When the automatic alignment is completed, the arithmetic control circuit 63 controls the operation of the arithmetic control circuit 62 ′ of the main body part 5l and the arithmetic control circuit 62 ′ of the main body part 5r, and turns on the respective measurement light sources 64 to turn on the infrared light. And the measurement of the eye refractive power of the left eye EL and the right eye ER of the subject 4 is started simultaneously.
[0054]
The light beam from the measurement light source 64 is projected onto the fundus oculi Ef of the left eye EL and right eye ER of the subject 4 via the measurement light beam projection optical system 62. That is, the measurement light beam from the measurement light source 64 is guided to the ring target 67 through the collimator lenses 65 and the conical prism 66 of the main body portions 5l and 5r, and the ring-shaped measurement light beam transmitted through the ring target 67 is obtained. , The fundus Ef of the left eye EL and the right eye ER through the relay lens 68, the ring-shaped aperture 69, the perforated prism 70 formed with a through hole in the center, the dichroic mirrors 61 and 39, the objective lens 38, and the prism P, respectively. Projected on.
[0055]
The ring-shaped measurement light beam projected on the fundus oculi Ef is reflected by the fundus oculi Ef. This reflected light is measured light receiving optical system 63, that is, prism P, objective lens 38, dichroic mirrors 39 and 61, through hole 70a of perforated prism 70, reflecting mirror 71, relay lens 72, moving lens 73, and reflecting mirror. A ring-shaped reflection image is formed on the CCD 46 via the dichroic mirror 44 and the CCD lens 45.
[0056]
The detection signals of the ring-shaped reflection image by the CCD 46 are input to the arithmetic control circuits 62 'of the main body portions 5l and 5r, respectively. Upon receiving the detection signal, the arithmetic control circuit 62 'objectively measures the eye refractive power of the left eye EL and right eye ER from the size and shape of the ring-shaped reflection image. Since the measurement principle of the objective eye refractive power is already known, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0057]
[Usage of optometry device]
Hereinafter, the usage method of the optometry apparatus 2 of this embodiment is demonstrated, referring drawings. First, an outline of the overall flow of the method of using the optometry apparatus 2 will be described, and then the operation in each step will be described in detail.
[0058]
[Overall flow of usage]
First, an outline of the overall flow of the method of using the optometry apparatus 2 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, an inquiry is conducted while showing the movie displayed on the display screen 64q 'of the monitor device 64q to the subject 4 (S1). Here, when the subject 4 wears spectacles, optical characteristic data of the spectacles is acquired by the lens meter 1000 (S2). Next, the operation procedure will be described while displaying the operation procedure of the optometry apparatus 2 on the display screen 64q 'of the monitor device 64q and outputting a voice guide (S3). Thereafter, when an optometric measurement is selected, each individual measurement is entered. When the explanation of the operation procedure is completed and optometry measurement is selected, auto alignment (XY alignment and Z alignment) is performed on the left eye EL and ER of the subject 4 of the main body portions 5l and 5r (S4). When auto alignment is completed, the process proceeds to a step of measuring eye refractive power. The eye refractive power measurement by the optometry apparatus 2 can be roughly divided into objective measurement shown in S5 of FIG. 16 and subjective measurement consisting of S6 to S23. The objective measurement is performed simultaneously on the left eye EL and the right eye ER (S5). Subsequent subjective measurement is performed based on eye refractive power (objective value) obtained by simultaneous objective measurement of both eyes.
[0059]
When the binocular simultaneous objective measurement is completed, the subjective measurement for the right eye ER is performed. The subjective measurement for the right eye ER includes visual acuity measurement (S6), red / green test (S7), + 1D blurring test (S8), cross cylinder test for measuring the astigmatic axis (hereinafter also referred to as CC test) (S9). The CC test (S10) for measuring the degree of astigmatism is performed in this order. The subjective measurement for the left eye is also performed by the same process (S11 to S15). When the subjective measurement for each eye is completed, a binocular balance test (S16) and a + 1D blurring test (S17) are performed, the result of the subjective measurement performed for each eye is adjusted, and the eye refractive power ( Acknowledgment value).
[0060]
When the subjective values of the left eye EL and right eye ER of the subject 4 are acquired, the visual acuity is measured by adding correction based on the subjective values (S18), and the visual acuity test based on the spectacle power is performed based on the data acquired in S2. In step S19, the visual acuity is measured with the naked eye (S20). Then, a confirmation test is performed to confirm which of these three types of visual acuity measurement results is best viewed (S21).
[0061]
Finally, a near vision test for measuring the near vision addition is performed (S22), and the near vision test is performed with the near vision addition obtained thereby being added (S23). A prescription value is determined based on the above result (S24), and the process is terminated.
[0062]
[Treatment in each step of usage]
Hereinafter, the process by the optometry apparatus 2 performed along such a flow will be described in detail for each process. Here, the interview (S1), wearing spectacles measurement (S2), monitor display and voice guide (S3), and auto alignment (S4) have been described above or are already known contents, so the description is omitted. . For binocular simultaneous objective measurement (S5), the description will be simplified for the same reason.
[0063]
(Binocular simultaneous objective measurement; S5)
When the auto-alignment (S4) for the left eye EL, ER of the subject 4 of the main body parts 5l, 5r is completed, the optometry apparatus 2 is automatically set to the objective measurement mode. That is, the landscape chart 99 is presented to the left eye EL and the right eye ER (hereinafter also referred to as “both eyes”) of the subject 4, and PD is the PD value obtained during alignment. He then announces, “Get the glasses you need. Look into the eyesight meter.” One second later, announce that “please open your eyes wide and be patient with blinking”, and align both eyes at the same time. After the alignment is completed, objective measurement is performed simultaneously on both eyes to obtain objective values S (spherical power), C (astigmatic power), and A (astigmatic axis angle) of both eyes, and objective values S, C, A Display and output the representative value of.
[0064]
(Right eye vision measurement; S6)
When the binocular simultaneous objective measurement (S5) is completed, the announcement “Refraction measurement value was obtained. Visual acuity measurement using this refraction value.” Was announced, and objective values S, C, and A were set for both eyes. To do. Further, a visual target (Landolt ring) having a visual acuity value of 0.5 is presented to the right eye ER, and the visual illumination light source for the left eye EL is turned off. Then, announce that “Please defeat the lever (6h) in the direction of the cut of the target”.
[0065]
When the subject 4 tilts the lever 6h in the direction recognized as the direction of the Landolt ring break, it is determined whether the cut direction of the presentation target coincides with the direction in which the lever 6h falls (OK) or not (NG). judge. Then, based on the result of the coincidence determination, “How is this?” Is announced and the next target is presented to the right eye ER. Here, the algorithm for determining the visual acuity value is as follows.
[0066]
When the direction in which the lever 6h is tilted coincides with the direction of the Landolt ring break in the initial presentation, the same examination is repeated while increasing the visual acuity value by one step. If it becomes NG at the stage of increasing the steps, it will be presented up to 4 times. Further, in the stage of increasing the visual acuity value, when the Landolt ring having the same visual acuity value is presented by changing the cut direction, the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are presented alternately. Also, the right and left in the horizontal direction and the top and bottom in the vertical direction are selected at random. If it becomes NG twice out of the maximum of 4 presentations, the visual acuity value below it is taken. If it is OK three times or more, it is determined that it has at least the visual acuity value, and the Landolt ring of the visual acuity value above is presented.
[0067]
On the other hand, if the direction in which the lever 6h is tilted and the direction of the cut of the Landolt ring do not coincide with each other in the initial presentation, the visual acuity value of the Landolt ring to be presented is lowered until it becomes OK. If it becomes OK at that stage, this time increases the visual acuity value of the Landolt ring to be presented. If it becomes NG at the stage of raising, it will be presented up to 4 times. Thereafter, the process proceeds in the same manner as that described in the description in the case of coincidence in the first presentation.
[0068]
When the visual acuity value of the right eye ER is determined according to such an algorithm, a landscape chart 99 is presented to both eyes. Finally, the determined visual acuity value is stored in memory, and the visual acuity measurement of the right eye ER is terminated.
[0069]
(Red-green test for right eye; S7)
The optometry apparatus 2 of the present embodiment is provided with a red / green chart as shown in FIG. 17 for a red / green test. FIG. 17A shows a red / green chart 100R displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the fixation optical system 32R in the main body 5r and presented to the right eye ER of the subject 4 (for the right eye). ing. 17B is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the fixation optical system 32L in the main body 5l and presented to the left eye EL of the subject 4 (for the left eye) Red / Green chart 100L. Is shown. FIG. 17C shows a form of the red / green chart 100 that is recognized by being fused by the subject 4 when both the red / green charts 100R and 100L are presented.
[0070]
A right-eye red / green chart 100R shown in FIG. 17A is a square shape formed so as to surround a pair of fusion horizontal targets 101 formed in the horizontal direction with a center therebetween. The image frame 102 is included. The fusion horizontal target 101 and the fusion frame 102 are targets for promoting the fusion of the target images presented to both eyes. Further, the inner region of the fusion frame 102 is divided into an upper stage and a lower stage with the fusion horizontal target 101 interposed therebetween, and a red rectangular field 103l and a green rectangular field 103r are provided on the left and right sides of the upper part. Is formed. In the red rectangular field of view 103l, a numerical target “6” and a ring target composed of double circles are provided. In addition, a numerical target “9” and a ring target similar to the numerical target “9” are provided in the green field 103r.
[0071]
On the other hand, the red eye / green chart 100L for the left eye shown in FIG. 17B also includes a similar fusion horizontal target 101 and a fusion frame 102. Further, the inner region of the fusion frame 102 is divided into an upper stage and a lower stage with the fusion horizontal target 101 interposed therebetween, and a red rectangular field 104l and a green rectangular field 104r are provided on the left and right sides of the lower part. Is formed. A numeric target “8” and a ring target are provided in the red rectangular field 104l. Also, a numeric target “3” and a ring target are provided in the green rectangular field 104r.
[0072]
Hereinafter, a method of using the red / green test using the red / green charts 100R and 100L will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. Here, FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a processing flow when the initial response in the red / green test is “(same as red and green)”, and FIG. 19 shows that the initial response is “green”. FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing the processing flow when the initial response is “red (which looks better)”. It is a flowchart.
[0073]
First, the right eye red / green chart 100R is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the main body 5r and presented to the right eye ER of the subject 4, and the left eye EL illumination light source is turned off. The person 4 observes the numerical target “6” and the ring target in the red visual field on the left side and the numerical target “9” and the ring target in the green field on the right side with the right eye ER. Will be. Here, when both are clearly visible, press the button (6g). If not, push the lever (6h) in the direction where it is clearly visible. (S101).
[0074]
When the button 6g is pressed in the first response (S101; SAME), S (spherical power) + 0.50D is added to confirm the presence or absence of adjustment intervention (S102), a “ping-pong” sound is output, and again The subject 4 is prompted to respond to which of red (R) and green (G) looks better (S103). Here, when it is answered that R is better seen (the lever 6h is tilted to the left) (S103; RED), it is determined that there is no adjustment intervention, and S-0.50D is added to complete the process. (S104). Also, if it responds that G can be seen better (the lever 6h is tilted to the right) (S103; GREEN), it is determined that an error has occurred because S + 0.50D or more has been removed, and the setting is returned to the objective value. (S105).
[0075]
On the other hand, when the response is “same” again in the second response (S103; SAME), it is determined that there is a possibility of adjustment intervention, and S + 0.50D is further added (S106). (S107). If “RED” is returned here, it is determined that the adjustment intervention is S + 0.50D, S−0.50D is added, and the process ends (S108). On the other hand, if “GREEN” is returned, it is determined that an error has occurred because the adjustment is removed by S + 1.0D or more, and the objective value is returned (S109). In the third response, if the response is “same”, there is no change despite the addition of S + 1.0D, so the subject 4 does not understand the red / green test. Is determined as an error (S110). At this time as well, the objective value is restored.
[0076]
Next, processing when “GREEN” is returned in the first response will be described with reference to FIG. When “GREEN” is answered in the first response (S101; GREEN), it is determined that the correction is overcorrection, S + 0.50D is added (S111), and a second response is prompted (S112).
[0077]
If “RED” is returned in the second response, it is determined that weak correction has been made, S-0.25D is added (S113), and a third response is prompted (S114). If “RED” is returned in the third response, an additional correction is made in step S-0.25D. The weak correction is stopped, and the process ends with the diopter value (D value) at this time (S115). In addition, when “GREEN” is returned in the third response, it is determined that overcorrection has been made by adding S-0.25D, and S + 0.25D is added to end as weak correction (S116). ). On the other hand, if “same” is determined, the process ends with the D value at this time (S117).
[0078]
If “same” is replied in the second response (S112), S + 0.50D is added to confirm the presence or absence of adjustment intervention (S118), and a third response is prompted (S119). If “RED” is returned in the third response, it is determined that there is no intervention of adjustment of S + 0.50D, S−0.50D is added, the D value is restored, and the process ends (S120). In addition, if “GREEN” is returned in the third response, it is overcorrection of S + 1.0 or more, so it is determined that the red / green test is not understood, and an error is determined. (S121). In addition, if “same” is answered in the third response, there is no change despite the addition of S + 1.0D. Therefore, it is determined that the red / green test is not understood and an error is determined. Then, the objective value is returned (S122).
[0079]
On the other hand, if “GREEN” is also answered in the second response (S112) following the first response, it is determined that S + 0.50D or more is overcorrected, and S + 0.50D is further added (S123). Is prompted (S124). If “GREEN” is returned in the third response, it means that the overcorrection is S + 1.0 or more, it is determined that the red / green test is not understood, and an error is determined. Return (S125). Similarly, if “same” is answered in the third response, there is no change despite the addition of S + 1.0D, so it is determined that this red / green test is not understood and an error is detected. It judges and returns to an objective value (S126).
[0080]
If “RED” is returned in the third response (S124), it is determined that the correction has been made to weak correction, and half S-0.25D is added (S127) to prompt the fourth response. (S128). If "RED" is returned in the fourth response, the correction is left as it is and the process ends (S129). If “GREEN” is responded, it is determined that overcorrection has been made by adding S-0.25D, and S + 0.25D is added to end as weak correction (S130). If the response is “same”, the process ends with the D value at this time (S131).
[0081]
Finally, a process when “RED” is returned in the first response will be described with reference to FIG. When “RED” is answered in the first response (S101; RED), it is determined that the correction is weak, and S-0.50D is added (S111), and a second response is prompted (S142).
[0082]
If “same” is answered in the second response, the process ends with the D value at this time (S143).
[0083]
If “GREEN” is returned in the second response (S142), it is determined that overcorrection is made, S + 0.25D is added (S144), and a third response is prompted (S145). When “RED” is returned in the third response, it is determined that weak correction has been made by adding S + 0.25D, and the D value at this stage is adopted and the process ends (S146). If “GREEN” is returned in the third response, it is determined that correction is still overcorrection even if S + 0.25D is added, and S + 0.25D is further added to end weak correction (S147). If determined to be “same”, the process ends with the D value at this time (S148).
[0084]
On the other hand, if “RED” is returned in the second response (S142), it is determined that the correction is weaker than S−0.50D, and S−0.50D is further added (S149). Prompt (S150). If “RED” is replied in the third response, it means that there is an intervention of adjustment of S-1.0D or more, and it is determined that the red / green test is not understood and an error is determined. Return to the objective value (S151). If the same response is returned in the third response, the process ends with the D value at this time (S152).
[0085]
If “GREEN” is returned in the third response (S150), it is determined that the process has shifted to overcorrection, and half S + 0.25D is added (S153), and a fourth response is prompted (S154). ). When “RED” is returned in the fourth response, it is determined that weak correction has been made by adding S + 0.25D, and the D value at this stage is adopted and the process ends (S155). If “GREEN” is returned in the third response, it is determined that the correction is still overcorrection even if S + 0.25D is added, and S + 0.25D is further added to end the weak correction (S156). If determined to be “same”, the process ends with the D value at this time (S157).
[0086]
The red / green test for the right eye ER of the subject 4 is performed in the above-described process. By adopting such a process, the following advantages are exhibited. First, when the button 6g is pressed three times from the first response and the response is “same”, it is assumed that the subject 4 cannot understand the red / green test and cannot judge red or green. The error determination is made, the D value is returned to the initial objective value, and the red / green test is terminated. Similar error processing is also executed when red or green is selected three times from the first response. Therefore, it becomes possible to screen the understanding ability of the subject 4 with respect to the red / green test, and to switch the processing flow according to the subject.
[0087]
When an error occurs and the red / green test is not performed, a + 1D blur test described below is performed instead. When the above red / green test is completed, a landscape chart 99 is presented to both eyes of the subject 4.
[0088]
(+ 1D blur test; S8)
If an error determination is made by the red / green test for the right eye ER, a + 1D blur test is performed instead. In addition to the red / green test, the + 1D blur test is a test performed in place of the binocular balance test when the test result is doubtful. This + 1D blurring test is based on the fact that it is empirically known that when S + 1.0D is added to the objective value obtained by the objective measurement, the visual acuity value is reduced to about 0.5 to 0.7. In the test, the visual acuity value when S + 1.0D is added to the objective value is measured. If the result is 0.5 to 0.7, the other visual value (S, C, A) is correct. It is to be judged. If the visual acuity value is less than 0.5, it is determined that the correction is weak, and a negative D value is added until the visual acuity value of 0.5 is obtained. And a positive D value is added until a visual acuity value of 0.7 is obtained. Note that the target visual acuity value is not limited to the range of 0.5 to 0.7, and can be arbitrarily selected. The target may have a constant visual acuity value (for example, 0.6) without having a width.
[0089]
FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating a process flow of the + 1D blur test. The + 1D blurring test starts by returning the setting to the objective value and adding S + 1.0D to the objective value (S201). At this time, the target for the left eye EL and the fusion frame are turned off. Then, the Landolt ring is presented with S + 1D added to the objective value, and a visual acuity test is performed (S202). When the visual acuity value obtained by the visual acuity test is 0.5 or more and 0.7 or less (S203), S-1.0D is added to return to the objective value and the process is ended (S204). This D value is displayed and stored.
[0090]
When the visual acuity value obtained by the visual acuity test is less than 0.5 (S203), a visual target (Landolt ring) corresponding to the visual acuity value 0.5 is presented (S205), and the visual acuity test is performed (S206). As a result of the visual acuity test, when the visual acuity value is 0.5 or more, S-1.0D is added to return to the objective value (S204), and this D value is displayed and stored. As a result of the visual acuity test, if the visual acuity value is again less than 0.5 (S207), S-0.25D is added (S208), and the visual acuity test is performed again (S206). S-0.25D is sequentially added until the visual acuity value becomes 0.5 or more, visual acuity inspection is performed, and -1D is added to finish (S204), and the obtained D value is displayed and stored.
[0091]
When the visual acuity value obtained by the visual acuity test exceeds 0.7 (S203), a visual target (Landolt ring) corresponding to the visual acuity value 0.7 is presented (S209), and the visual acuity test is performed (S210). As a result of the visual acuity test, when the visual acuity value is 0.7 or less, S-1.0D is added to return to the objective value (S204), and this D value is displayed and stored. As a result of the visual acuity test, when the visual acuity value exceeds 0.7 again (S211), S + 0.25D is added (S212), and the visual acuity test is performed again (S210). S + 0.25D is sequentially added until the visual acuity value becomes 0.7 or less, visual acuity inspection is performed, and -1D is added to finish (S204), and the obtained D value is displayed and stored.
[0092]
(Cross cylinder test; S9, S10)
Next, the flow of processing in the cross cylinder test (CC test) performed by the optometry apparatus 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing an outline of the entire flow of the CC test. FIG. 23 and FIG. 26 relate to the CC test for measuring the astigmatic axis, FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing of this CC test, and FIG. 24 is a confirmation test used in this CC test. FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing a target used for the CC test, and FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of an illustration chart 400 used for the confirmation test. Note that the illustration chart is defined as a chart having a target corresponding to a plurality of stages of visual acuity values based on a familiar landscape or the like. The target 300 is called a cross cylinder dot chart and is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53. Similarly, the illustration chart 400 is also displayed by the liquid crystal display 53. Further, FIGS. 33 and 34 also relate to the CC test for measuring the astigmatism axis, FIG. 33 is referred to determine the astigmatism and the axis angle, and FIG. 34 is referred to in the confirmation test.
[0093]
27 to 30 are flowcharts relating to the CC test for measuring astigmatism, FIGS. 27 to 29 show the flow of processing of this CC test, and FIG. 30 is a confirmation test used in this CC test. The flow of processing is shown. Note that the cross cylinder dot chart 300 of FIG. 25 and the illustration chart of FIG. 26 are also used for this CC test. Further, FIG. 31 shows a confirmation test process performed when an astigmatism degree checking test and a cross cylinder test are performed and an astigmatism degree prescription is performed while the objective value C = 0D and the C value of the glasses are also 0D. It is a flowchart which shows the flow.
[0094]
First, the outline of the CC test process for the right eye ER of the subject 4 by the optometry apparatus 2 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. As preparation for that, first, the target illumination light source for the left eye EL is turned off, and the auto alignment of the main body 5r with respect to the right eye ER is performed. When the preparation is completed, the cross cylinder dot chart 300 shown in FIG. 25 is set on the liquid crystal display 53 and presented to both eyes of the subject 4 (S301). Subsequently, S-0.5D is added to the sphericity S for both eyes (S302). The astigmatism C of the objective value by the objective measurement is 0D (S303), (in the case of a spectacle wearer) the glasses power is 0D (S304), and the visual acuity value by the objective measurement value is 1.2 or more (S305) If there is, it skips without performing the CC test (S306). Note that the visual acuity value reference based on the objective measurement value need not be 1.2 or more, and can be set as appropriate, for example, 1.0 or more.
[0095]
When the visual acuity value by the objective measurement value is less than 1.2 (S305), the target illumination light source of the right eye ER is turned off, the equivalent sphericity (SE) (= S + 1/2 · C) is kept constant, and C After adding −0.50 D (S307), the target illumination light source of the right eye ER is turned on and the A (180) / A (90) test is performed (S308).
[0096]
The A (180) / A (90) test is performed as follows. The shaft angle is set to 180 degrees in the initial state by the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B. First, an announcement “Lever left if this 1 is good” is output, and the cross cylinder dot chart 300 is watched. Hereinafter, this condition is A (180). Next, the target illumination light source of the right eye ER is turned off and the axis angle is set to 90 degrees (condition A (90)), and the target illumination light source is turned on. Then, an announcement is output saying “If the two looks good, press the lever to the right, and if it is the same, press the lever button”, the cross cylinder dot chart 300 is watched. Furthermore, the conditions A (180) and A (90) are presented alternately, and the announcement is repeatedly output. If the lever is tilted to the left or right or the button is pressed, the result is stored in memory. This is the end of the A (180) / A (90) test.
[0097]
When the A (180) / A (90) test is completed, the A (45) / A (135) test is then performed (S309). First, the target illumination light source for the right eye ER is turned off, and the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B are rotated to set the shaft angle to 45 degrees. Then, the target illumination light source is turned on, an announcement “Lever is left if this 1 is visible” is output, and the cross cylinder dot chart 300 is watched. Hereinafter, this condition is set to A (45). Next, the target illumination light source of the right eye ER is turned off, the shaft angle is set to 135 degrees (condition A (135)), and the target illumination light source is turned on. Then, an announcement is output saying “If the two looks good, press the lever to the right, and if it is the same, press the lever button”, the cross cylinder dot chart 300 is watched. Further, the conditions A (45) and A (135) are presented alternately, and the announcement is repeatedly output. If the lever is tilted to the left or right or the button is pressed, the result is stored in memory. This is the end of the A (45) / A (135) test.
[0098]
Subsequently, based on the results of the A (180) / A (90) test and the results of the A (45) / A (135) test, referring to FIG. 33, the astigmatism (Cyl shown in FIG. 33) and An astigmatic axis angle (Axis) is obtained, and the value is set (S310). In particular, when both the A (180) / A (90) test and the A (45) / A (135) test answer “same”, C = 0 and A = 180 °, and the cross cylinder test is terminated. (S306).
[0099]
When the C value of the objective is not 0D (S303), the C value of the objective is 0D and the C value of the glasses is not 0D (S304), and the C value of the objective is 0D and the C value of the glasses If the value is 0D, the visual acuity value of the objective is less than 1.2, and the C value obtained from FIG. 33 is not 0 (S304), the CC test (S400) for astigmatic axis measurement and astigmatism A CC test (S600) for measuring the degree is performed, and the process related to the cross cylinder test is terminated (S306). That is, when a C value other than 0D is obtained even once, the CC test for astigmatism axis measurement and astigmatism degree measurement is performed. Hereinafter, the CC test (S400) for measuring the astigmatism axis and the CC test (S600) for measuring the degree of astigmatism will be described in detail.
[0100]
(Cross cylinder test for measuring the astigmatic axis)
FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing processing in the CC test (S400) for astigmatic axis measurement. In this flowchart, when (A +) is selected in the first CC test, and “Same (=)” is selected in the first CC test and (A +) is selected in the second and subsequent CC tests. The flow of processing in the case is shown. When (A-) is selected in the first CC test and when (=) is selected in the first CC test and (A-) is selected in the second and subsequent CC tests, FIG. The processing is performed symmetrically with the case shown in FIG. At this time, “A = A + α” shown in S411 of the flowchart is read as “A = A−α” and applied.
[0101]
Here, before entering the cross cylinder test, the refractive power obtained by the red / green test or the like is expressed as D_{θ, 1}(S₁, C₁, A₁). The cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B are set to CC ± 0.25D. This CC ± 0.25D is S₂= + 0.25D, C₂= Equivalent to −0.50D, so refractive power D_{θ, 2}Is (0.25, -0.50, A₁± 45 °).
[0102]
The first CC test (S401) is performed as follows. Turn off the target illumination light source of the right eye ER, D_{θ, 1}And A₁D for + 45 °_{θ, 2}And combined refractive power D_{θ, 0}(S₀, C₀, A₀) Is set. Hereinafter, this state is represented as (A +). The target illumination light source of the right eye ER is turned on, an announcement “Lever is left if this 1 is visible” is output, and the cross cylinder dot chart 300 is watched. Next, the target illumination light source of the right eye ER is turned off, and D_{θ, 1}And A₁D for -45 °_{θ, 2}And combined refractive power D_{θ, 0}(S₀, C₀, A₀) Is set. Hereinafter, this state is represented as (A-). The target illumination light source is turned on, an announcement is output saying “If the two looks good, press the lever to the right, and if it is the same, press the lever button”, the cross cylinder dot chart 300 is watched. Further, (A +) and (A−) are alternately presented, and the above announcement is repeatedly output. If lever h is tilted to the left, A₁= A₁+ Α °, A when tilted to the right₁= A₁-Α. Corresponding A₂Changes with this. Here, α can be set to 5 °, for example.
[0103]
In this way, the subject 4 proceeds with the test by depressing the lever 6h to the better visible one of (A +) and (A-), or pressing the button 6g when they look the same. When the button 6g is pressed in the first CC test (S401; (=)), when the shaft angle A is 1 ° ≦ A <45 °, the shaft angle A is 45 ° ≦ A in the horizontal (1 °) direction. When it is ≦ 135 °, it is sent in the vertical (90 °) direction, and when the axis angle A is 135 ° <A ≦ 45 °, it is sent 5 ° in the horizontal (180 °) direction. However, when 85 ° <A <95 °, 90 °, and when 1 ° ≦ A ≦ 5 ° and 175 ° <A ≦ 180 °, 180 °.
[0104]
When the selection by the subject 4 changes from (A +) to (A−), or changes from (A−) to (A +), the CC test for axis measurement ends. At this time, an angle obtained by subtracting 5 ° (α) from the angle when the selection is changed, an added angle, an average value of two angles before and after the selection is changed, and the like can be adopted as the measurement result.
[0105]
When the selection changes from (A +) or (A−) to “same”, it is sent by 5 ° in the same direction as the state before “same”. Then, the CC test is performed, and when the reverse state is selected, the operation is returned by 5 ° in the reverse direction and the process ends.
[0106]
The flow of CC test processing for astigmatic axis angle measurement will be specifically described below with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
[0107]
When the result of the first CC test is “same (=)” (S401), α is sent in the horizontal or vertical direction according to the axis angle in the above manner (the horizontal or vertical direction is set as described above). (S402), the CC test is performed in this state (S403). As a result, when (=) is again set, the subject 4 is assumed to be insensitive to the axial angle conversion and cannot be determined by CC ± 0.25D, and the axial angle is returned to the initial value (S404). The cylinder lenses 59A and 59B are set to CC ± 0.50D (S405), and a CC test is performed in this state (S406). That is, the pulse motor PMa is controlled so that the refractive power of the cross cylinders 59A and 59B is converted from ± 0.25D to ± 0.50D in order to confirm the subject's ability to judge the cross cylinder test. It has become. When the result is also (=), the shaft angle is fed by α as in S402 (S407), and the CC test is performed (S408). When the result of the CC test is (=), it is determined that the subject 4 does not understand the shaft angle measurement by the cross cylinder test, the shaft angle is returned to the initial value (S409), and the astigmatism power is determined. The process proceeds to the CC test for measuring (S410). Hereinafter, the CC test for measuring the astigmatic power is abbreviated as “degree CC test”.
[0108]
On the other hand, if (A +) is selected in any of the CC tests (S401, S403, S406, S408), the feed axis angle A is set to A + α by the angle α (S411), and the CC test is performed (S412). . If (A−) is selected, A = A−a is set, the original angle is returned, and the process ends (S413).
[0109]
If (=) is set in the CC test of S412, further set A = A + α (send further α in the same direction) (S414), and perform the CC test (S415). If the result of this CC test is (A-), the process ends as A = A-a (S416). The value obtained at this time is A + α. If the result of the CC test is (A +), the shaft angle is returned to the initial value (S417), and the process proceeds to the degree CC test (S418). Similarly, when the result of this CC test is (=), the shaft angle is returned to the initial value (S419), and the process proceeds to the CC test (S420).
[0110]
Further, when (A +) is set in the CC test in S412, A = A + α is further set (S421), and the CC test is performed (S422). If the result of this CC test is (A−), the process ends as A = A−a (S423). If the result of this CC test is (=), the shaft angle is returned to the initial value (S424), and the process proceeds to the CC test (S425). When the result of the CC test is (A +), a confirmation test described below is performed (S426).
[0111]
The confirmation test of S426 is a verification test performed to verify the judgment ability of the subject with respect to the cross cylinder test when (A +) or (A−) is selected three times from the beginning. That is, it is performed in consideration of a possibility that the difference in the presented visual target cannot be determined. Note that the examiner or the like can set an arbitrary number of times as to whether or not the confirmation test is to be performed when responses of the same content continue. FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing the flow of CC test processing that is further executed according to this confirmation test and its determination.
[0112]
First, an illustration chart as shown in FIG. 26 is presented (S501), and the measured value D after the red / green test is shown._{θ, 1}How to see (initial value) 1 and measured value D here_{θ, 1 '}(Already corresponds to A = A + 2α; current value) and alternately switches to “2”, “Left if this 1 is better, left to the right, and“ 2 ”if this 2 is better. Please press the button if it is the same. ”Announcement is repeatedly output, and the first confirmation test is performed (S502).
[0113]
Subject 4 is D_{θ, 1 '}When (View 2 and lever 6h is right) is selected, it is determined that the subject 4 is responding correctly, and the process returns to the CC test (S503). In this CC test, (A +) or (A-) is further repeated, and when the (limit) angle shown in FIG. 34 is reached (S504, S505), it is considered that the subject 4 cannot judge the CC test. , Initial value D_{θ, 1}The CC test for measuring the axis of astigmatism (hereinafter abbreviated as the CC test of the axis) is completed (S506), and the process proceeds to the CC test (S507).
[0114]
If “same” is selected in the first confirmation test of S502, it is considered that the subject 4 cannot determine the axis CC test, and the initial value D_{θ, 1}(S508), and the process ends (S509).
[0115]
On the other hand, in the first confirmation test of S502, D_{θ, 1}Is selected, this refractive power is set, (A +) and (A−) are alternately presented, and “If this 1 is better, left, this 2 is better. If it is okay, tilt the lever to the right. If it is the same, press the button. "The announcement is repeatedly output and the second confirmation test is performed (S511) (first test). If (=) is selected in this test, it is considered that the subject 4 cannot judge the CC test of the axis, and the initial value D_{θ, 1}(S512), the process proceeds to the CC test (S513).
[0116]
When (A-) is selected in the second confirmation test of S511, it is memorized that (A-) is selected (S514), and (A-) and (A +) are switched (S515). The CC test is performed while alternately presenting these and outputting the announcement (S516) (second test). If (=) is selected in this CC test, it is considered that the subject 4 cannot judge the CC test of the axis, and the initial value D_{θ 1}(S517), the process proceeds to the CC test (S518).
[0117]
If (A-) is selected in the CC test of S516, the fact that (A-) is selected is memorized (S519) and compared with the result of the CC test (S511) before switching. In this case, although (A−) and (A +) are switched, the response (A−) is made before and after the switching, so it is determined that the CC test is not performed correctly, and “ Please read the chart carefully ”is output (S520). And the announcement to be output is changed to "Left if this A looks better, tilt the lever to the right if this B looks better. Press the button if it is the same" (S521) ), Initial value D_{θ, 1}Is set (S522), and the axis CC test is performed (S523).
[0118]
When (A +) is selected in the CC test in S516, the fact that (A +) is selected is stored in memory (S524) and compared with the result of the CC test (S511) before switching. In this case, since the opposite one is selected in response to the switching between (A−) and (A +), it is determined that the CC test is correctly performed, and the initial value D_{θ, 1}(S525), the axis CC test is performed (S526).
[0119]
On the other hand, when (A +) is selected in the second confirmation test of S511, the fact that (A +) is selected is memorized (S527), and (A-) and (A +) are switched (S528). The CC test is performed while alternately presenting these and outputting the announcement (S529) (second test). If (=) is selected in this CC test, it is considered that the subject 4 cannot judge the CC test of the axis, and the initial value D_{θ, 1}(S530), the process proceeds to the CC test (S531).
[0120]
When (A-) is selected in the CC test of S529, it is memorized that (A-) is selected (S532) and compared with the result of the CC test (S511) before switching. In this case, since the opposite one is selected in response to the switching between (A−) and (A +), it is determined that the CC test is correctly performed, and the initial value D_{θ, 1}(S533) and the axis CC test is performed again (S534).
[0121]
When (A +) is selected in the CC test of S529, the fact that (A +) is selected is stored in memory (S535), and compared with the result of the CC test (S511) before switching. In this case, although (A−) and (A +) have been switched, the response (A +) is made before and after the switching, so it is determined that the CC test has not been performed correctly, and the “chart” Please read carefully "is output (S536). Then, change the announcement to be output to "Left the lever to the left if this A looks better, or to the right if this B looks better. Press the button if the same." ( S537), initial value D_{θ, 1}Is set (S538), and an axis CC test is performed (S539). Thus, the process ends.
[0122]
In S520 and S537, the designation of the state of the target to which refractive power is given in the announcement output during the CC test is changed from “1,2” to “A, B” from 1,2. This is because it is empirically known that there is a subject who always responds with 1 when selected. Of course, other names other than “A, B” may be used.
[0123]
(Cross cylinder test to measure astigmatism)
When the CC test for measuring the astigmatism axis is completed, the CC test for accurately measuring the astigmatism is performed (see FIGS. 27 to 29). First, initial setting is performed (S601). In this initial setting, the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B are set to CC ± 0.25D, and an error counter, counter (=), counter (+), and counter (−) described later are all set to 0. CC + 0.25 is S₂= + 0.25D, C₂= Equivalent to -0.50D, so refractive power D_{θ, 2}(0.25, -0.50, A₁+ 90 °) and its inversion (0.25, -0.50, A₁).
[0124]
The first CC test (S602) is performed as follows. D after the measurement of the astigmatism axis_{θ, 1}(S₁, C₁, A₁) And the axial angle A of the cross cylinder lens 59A, 59B₂= A₁D for + 90 °_{θ, 2}And combined refractive power D_{θ, 0}(S₀, C₀, A₀) Is set. Hereinafter, this state is represented as (P +). The target illumination light source of the right eye ER is turned on, an announcement “Lever is left if this 1 is visible” is output, and the cross cylinder dot chart 300 is watched. Next, the target illumination light source of the right eye ER is turned off, and D_{θ, 1}And A₂= A₁D in case of_{θ, 2}And combined refractive power D_{θ, 0}(S₀, C₀, A₀) Is set. Hereinafter, this state is represented as (P−). The target illumination light source is turned on, an announcement is output saying “If the two looks good, press the lever to the right, and if it is the same, press the lever button”, the cross cylinder dot chart 300 is watched. Further, (P +) and (P−) are presented alternately, and the above announcement is repeatedly output. If (P +) is selected and lever h is tilted to the left, C₁When + 0.25D is added to the right and it is tilted to the right and (P-) is selected, C₁Add -0.25D to. When the equivalent sphericity SE changes by 0.25D or more, + 0.25D or -0.25D is added to the sphericity so as to maintain this equivalent sphericity.
[0125]
In this CC test, as described above, the response is made so as to indicate the better visible state of (P−) and (P +). When “same (=)” is selected in the first CC test, + 0.25D is added if C ≦ −0.50D according to the astigmatism (C value) of the right eye ER, and C> −0.50D ( In other words, if -0.25D), -0.25D is added. Further, when the selection by the subject 4 changes from (P +) to (P−), or changes from (P−) to (P +), the value closer to the astigmatism obtained by the objective measurement is obtained. The CC test is completed when selected. When the astigmatism reaches 0D, the process ends at that time.
[0126]
The case where (P−) or (P +) is selected in the first CC test in S602 will be described later with reference to FIGS.
[0127]
When (=) is selected in the CC test of S602, 1 is added to the counter (=) that counts the number of times (=) is selected (S603). Next, it is checked whether the count value of the counter (=) is 2 (S604). When the counter (=) = 2, the power of the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B is converted from CC ± 0.25D to CC ± 0.50D (S605), which will be described later for confirming the judgment ability of the subject. A confirmation test is performed (S606). If the result of the confirmation test is good (GOOD), the CC test is continued. When the count value is not 2 in S604, the process proceeds to S607 without performing the power conversion and the confirmation test of the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B.
[0128]
Here, the value of astigmatism C is confirmed (S607), and if C is 0D, the process ends with C = 0D and A = 180 ° (S608). If C = 0D, it is confirmed whether the selection in the previous CC test is (=) (S609). If (=), the astigmatism C = C + 0.25 is set (S610), and the CC test is performed again. (To S602). If not (=), it is confirmed whether (P-) is selected in the previous CC test (S611). If (P−), +0.25 is added to the astigmatism C and the process ends (S612). If it is not (P−), it is confirmed whether (P +) is selected in the previous CC test (S613). If (P +), +0.25 is added to the astigmatism C and the process ends (S614). If it is not (P +), the astigmatism C = C + 0.25 is set (S615), and the CC test is performed again (to S602).
[0129]
If the result of the confirmation test in S606 is not good (NG), 1 is added to the count of the error counter that counts the number of errors (S616). Then, it is confirmed whether or not the cumulative error count is 2 (S617). If the error count is 2, it is reset to the initial value (618), and the process ends (S619). If the error count is not 2, the initial setting is restored (S601), and the CC test is performed again.
[0130]
With this configuration, when (=) is selected twice from the first CC test, the power of the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B is increased from ± 0.25D to ± 0.50D for confirmation. A test will be conducted. Then, according to the result of the confirmation test, it is determined whether the test is continued or the measurement is reset and reset. If (=) is selected twice in the re-measurement, and the result of the confirmation test again is NG, the subject 4 assumes that there is no judgment ability in this CC test, and the red / green test Adopt the result of and finish.
[0131]
Next, the flow of processing when (P-) is selected in the first CC test of S602 will be described with reference to FIG. When (P-) is selected in the first CC test, 1 is added to the count value of the counter (-) that counts the number of times (P-) is selected (S621). Next, it is confirmed whether or not the count value of the counter (−) is 3 (S622). If the counter (−) = 3, the power of the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B is converted to CC ± 0.50D as in S605 (S623), and a confirmation test described later is performed (S624). If the result of the confirmation test is good (GOOD), the CC test is continued. If the count value is not 3 in S622, the process proceeds to S625 without performing the power conversion and the confirmation test of the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B.
[0132]
Next, it is confirmed whether or not the selection in the previous CC test is (P−) (S625). If (P−), the astigmatism C = C−0.25 is set (S626), and the CC test is performed again (S602). What). If it is not (P−), it is confirmed whether (P +) is selected in the previous CC test (S627). If (P +), the astigmatism degree closer to the objective value is adopted and the process ends (S628). If it is not (P−), it is confirmed whether (=) is selected in the previous CC test (S629). If (=), the astigmatism degree closer to the objective value is adopted and the process ends (S628). If not (=), the degree of astigmatism C = C−0.25 is set (S630), and the CC test is performed again (to S602).
[0133]
If the result of the confirmation test in S624 is not good (NG), 1 is added to the error count (S631). Then, it is confirmed whether or not the cumulative error count is 2 (S632). If the error count is 2, it is returned to the initial value (633), and the process ends (S634). If the error count is not 2, the initial setting is restored (S601), and the CC test is performed again.
[0134]
Next, the flow of processing when (P +) is selected in the first CC test of S602 will be described with reference to FIG. When (P +) is selected in the first CC test, 1 is added to the count value of the counter (+) that counts the number of times (P +) is selected (S641). Next, it is confirmed whether or not the count value of the counter (+) is 3 (S642). If the counter (+) = 3, the power of the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B is converted to CC ± 0.50D as in S605 (S643), and a confirmation test described later is performed (S644). If the result of the confirmation test is good (GOOD), the CC test is continued. When the count value is not 3 in S642, the process proceeds to S645 without performing the power conversion and the confirmation test of the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B.
[0135]
Next, the value of astigmatism C is confirmed (S645). If C is 0D, the process ends with C = 0D and A = 180 ° (S646). If C = 0D, it is confirmed whether the selection in the previous CC test is (P +) (S647). If (P +), the astigmatism C = C + 0.25 is set (S648), and the CC test is performed again. (To S602). If it is not (P +), it is confirmed whether (=) is selected in the previous CC test (S649). If (=), the CC test is performed again as it is (to S602). If it is not (=), it is confirmed whether (P-) is selected in the previous CC test (S650). If it is (P−), the astigmatism degree closer to the objective value is adopted and the process ends (S651). If not (P−), the degree of astigmatism C = C + 0.25 is set (S652), and the CC test is performed again (to S602).
[0136]
If the result of the confirmation test in S644 is not good (NG), 1 is added to the error count (S535). Then, it is confirmed whether or not the cumulative error count is 2 (S654). If the error count is 2, it is reset to the initial value (655), and the process ends (S656). If the error count is not 2, the initial setting is restored (S601), and the CC test is performed again.
[0137]
With this configuration, when (P +) or (P−) is selected three times consecutively from the initial response, the power of the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B is changed from ± 0.25D to ± 0. The confirmation test will be conducted after raising to 50D. Then, according to the result of the confirmation test, it is determined whether the test is continued or the measurement is reset and reset. If (P +) or (P-) is selected three times in the re-measurement, and the result of the confirmation test again is NG, it is assumed that the subject 4 has no judgment ability in this CC test. , Adopt the result of the red-green test and finish.
[0138]
Next, details of the confirmation test (verification test) performed in S606, S624, and S644 will be described with reference to FIG. First, the power of the cross cylinder lenses 59A and 59B is converted (S701), and the initial value D_{θ, 1}(S702). Then, (P +) and (P-) are presented alternately, “If this 1 looks good, the lever is on the left, if this 2 is good, the lever is on the right, and if it is the same, press the lever button. Please repeat "and repeat the CC test (S703) (first test). If (=) is selected, the initial value is returned (S704), and the CC test is retested (S705).
[0139]
When (P +) is selected in the CC test of S703, the fact that (P +) is selected is memorized (S706), (P-) and (P +) are switched (S707), and these are alternately The CC test is performed while presenting and outputting the announcement (S708) (second test). If (=) is selected in this CC test, it is considered that the subject 4 cannot judge the CC test of the axis, and the initial value D_{θ, 1}(S709), the CC test is re-tested (S710).
[0140]
When (P-) is selected in the CC test of S708, the fact that (P-) is selected is stored in memory (S711) and compared with the result of the CC test (S703) before switching. In this case, since the opposite one is selected in response to the switching between (P−) and (P +), it is determined that the CC test has been performed correctly, and the CC test of each degree is performed. Continue (S712).
[0141]
When (P +) is selected in the CC test in S708, the fact that (P +) is selected is stored in memory (S713) and compared with the result of the CC test (S703) before switching. In this case, although (P−) and (P +) are switched, both respond before and after switching with (P +). Therefore, it is determined that the CC test is not performed correctly, and the initial value is set. D_{θ, 1}(S714), the CC test is re-tested (S715).
[0142]
When (P-) is selected in the CC test of S703, the fact that (P-) is selected is memorized (S716), and (P-) and (P +) are switched (S717). The CC test is performed while alternately presenting and outputting the announcement (S718) (second test). If (=) is selected in this CC test, it is considered that the subject 4 cannot judge the CC test of the axis, and the initial value D_{θ, 1}(S719), the CC test is re-tested (S720).
[0143]
When (P +) is selected in the CC test of S718, the fact that (P +) is selected is stored in memory (S721) and compared with the result of the CC test (S703) before switching. In this case, since the opposite one is selected in response to the switching between (P−) and (P +), it is determined that the CC test has been performed correctly, and the CC test of each degree is performed. Continue (S722).
[0144]
When (P-) is selected in the CC test of S718, the fact that (P-) is selected is stored in memory (S723) and compared with the result of the CC test before switching (S703). In this case, although (P−) and (P +) are switched, the response (P−) is made before and after the switching, so it is determined that the CC test is not performed correctly, and the initial Value D_{θ, 1}(S724) and the retest of the CC test is performed (S725). This completes the confirmation test in the CC test. This confirmation test is performed in the same manner as described above regardless of whether the first CC test is selected once (=) and entered the confirmation test, or twice (=) is selected and entered the confirmation test. The same processing is performed.
[0145]
By such a confirmation test, the judgment ability of the subject 4 for performing the CC test can be screened.
[0146]
As the last of the processes related to the CC test, the flow of the confirmation test process performed when the objective value C = 0D and the C value of the glasses is 0D will be described with reference to FIG. This confirmation test is performed on a subject who has advanced C = 0D in S303 and C = 0D in S304 in the flowchart showing the overall flow of the CC test in FIG.
[0147]
When the CC test is completed along the flow of FIG. 22 (S801), the measured astigmatism value is determined (S802). If the measured value C of the astigmatism is less than −0.50D (C <−0.50D), the measured value (awareness value) C is adopted and the process ends (S803). On the other hand, if the measured value C of the astigmatism is −0.50D or more (C ≧ −0.50D), the illustration chart 400 shown in FIG. 26 is presented (S804), and the equivalent sphericity (SE) of the subjective value by the CC test is presented. And alternately switch between the appearance 1) and the perception value itself (C; the appearance 2), and "if the 1 is good, the lever is on the left, if the 2 is good, the lever is on the right, If it is the same, press the lever button. "Announcement is repeatedly output, prompting selection (805). When the lever 6h is tilted to the left and the equivalent sphericity (1) is selected, or when the button 5g is pressed and the same (=) is selected, the value of the equivalent sphericity is adopted and the process ends. (S806, S807). When the lever 6h is tilted to the right and the awareness value (2) is selected, the awareness value is adopted and the process ends (S808).
[0148]
By performing such a confirmation test, it is possible to improve the reliability of the test result when the awareness value obtained by the CC test is 0D and the astigmatism of the glasses is also 0D.
[0149]
Thus, the subjective measurement for the right eye ER of the subject 4 (S6 to S10 in FIG. 16) is completed.
[0150]
(Awareness measurement for left eye; S11 to S15)
When the subjective measurement for the right eye ER of the subject 4 is completed, the subjective measurement for the left eye EL is executed. In the subjective measurement for the left eye EL, the visual acuity measurement of the left eye EL of S11 shown in FIG. 16 is performed in the same manner as the visual acuity measurement of the right eye ER of S6, and the red / green test of the left eye EL of S12 is the right of S7. The same as the red / green test of the eye ER, the + 1D blur test of the left eye EL in S13 is performed in the same way as the + 1D blur test of the right eye ER in S8, and is used to measure the astigmatic axis of the left eye EL in S14. The CC test is performed in the same manner as the CC test for measuring the astigmatic axis of the right eye ER in S9, and the CC test for measuring the astigmatism of the left eye EL in S15 is used for measuring the astigmatism of the right eye ER in S10. The test is performed in the same manner as the CC test. Therefore, the description regarding the details of the subjective measurement for the left eye EL will be omitted by appropriately replacing the details of the corresponding test of the right eye ER.
[0151]
(Binocular balance test; S16)
When the subjective measurement for the right eye ER and the left eye EL is completed, a binocular balance test is performed. This binocular balance test presents a red / green chart 100 and a fusion frame chart 53D, and is a known technique for readjusting the awareness values of CC tests performed on the right eye ER and the left eye EL, respectively. It is an inspection.
[0152]
(+ 1D blur test; S17)
The process flow for the binocular balance test also includes a step for confirming the presence or absence of the judgment ability of the subject 4 in this test. For the subject, the + 1D blurring test as described above is executed instead of the binocular balance test.
[0153]
(Awareness value, spectacle power, visual acuity measurement with naked eye, confirmation test; S18 to S21)
When the binocular balance test (+ 1D blurring test) is completed, the subjective values S, C, and A obtained by this are set, and "The glasses power recommended for the customer was obtained. The right eye ER, the left eye EL, and the visual acuity of both eyes are measured (S18). Next, the power of the glasses worn by the subject 4 measured in S2 of FIG. 16 is set, and the visual acuity measurement is similarly performed (S19). Further, similarly, the visual acuity of the naked eye is measured (S20). Needless to say, when the subject 4 is not a spectacle wearer, the visual acuity measurement of S19 is not performed.
[0154]
Subsequently, a confirmation test for confirming which power is most suitable for the subject 4 is performed based on the measurement result of the subjective value, the spectacle power, and the visual acuity with the naked eye. First, “I will show you how you can see the naked eye, how you can see the current glasses, and how you can see the glasses that you recommend this time.” The measurement result shown to the subject 4 is shown on the display screen 64q 'of the monitor device 64q as a white line or a white square each time.
[0155]
Announcing "Shows how the naked eye is visible." With both eyes, the S and C values are set to 0D and the subject 4 is watched for 3 seconds, for example. Next, announcing “Shows how to see with the glasses currently in use.”, Sets the S, C, and A values to the frequency measurement values of the glasses, and gazes at the landscape chart 99 for 3 seconds, for example. Next, “The glasses recommended for customers this time will look like this.” And set the S, C, A values (recommended refractivity) based on the binocular balance test result, and the landscape chart 99 For example for 3 seconds. And, “This is the recommended way to see the glasses for our customers. Please push the button (6g) on the lever (6h) if you want to see it in general and easy to see.” 4 Present for seconds.
[0156]
If the button 6g is pressed during the four seconds, the recommended refractive index is set as the selected refractive index, and the process ends.
[0157]
Also, if the button 6g is not pressed for 4 seconds, announce that "If you want to check how you see the glasses you are currently using, tilt the lever (6h) to the right." If the lever 6h is not operated during the four seconds, the recommended refractive index is set as the selected refractive index.
[0158]
Also, if the lever 6h is tilted to the right during this 4 seconds, set the power of the glasses to both eyes and say, “This is how you see the glasses you are currently using. Please press the button (6g) of 6h) "and present it for 4 seconds, for example. If the button 6g is pressed during these 4 seconds, the spectacle power is set as the selected refractive power, and the process ends.
[0159]
If the button 6g is not pressed during 4 seconds, announcing, "If you want to check how the glasses recommended for the customer look, please tilt the lever (6h) to the left." If the lever 6h is not operated during the 4 seconds, the recommended refractive index is set as the selected refractive index.
[0160]
When the recommended refractive index is determined by the above process, the selected refractive index is set for both eyes at the same time. Then, the display of the measurement result of the selected refractive power (selected spectacle power or recommended refractive power) is clearly indicated with a red line. This completes the confirmation test for the spectacle wearer.
[0161]
Hereinafter, a confirmation test process for a person who is not wearing glasses will be described. First, “We will show you how you can see the naked eye and how to see the glasses recommended to you this time.” The measurement result shown to the subject 4 is shown on the display screen 64q 'of the monitor device 64q as a white line or a white square each time.
[0162]
Announcing "Shows how the naked eye is visible." With both eyes, the S and C values are set to 0D and the subject 4 is watched for 3 seconds, for example. Next, “The glasses recommended for customers this time will look like this.” And set the S, C, A values (recommended refractivity) based on the binocular balance test result, and the landscape chart 99 For example for 3 seconds. The recommended refractive index is the selected refractive index, and the measurement result display of the selected refractive index (recommended refractive index) is indicated with a red line. This completes the confirmation test for those who are not wearing glasses.
[0163]
(Nearest test; S22)
When the confirmation test ends, a near-field test for measuring the near-field power is performed. A near-field test chart 500 shown in FIG. 32 is used for the near-field power measurement. First, “Nearly test will be done. I will explain the near-field test” is announced, and the method of the near-field test will be broadcasted with sound. This includes, for example, a description of the near-field test chart 500, a demonstration of “same view clearly”, a demonstration of “horizontal lines are clearly visible, and vertical lines are blurry”, and explanation of lever operation. It is like that.
[0164]
When the movie broadcast ends, the convergence angle is set. For this purpose, first, the target illumination light source for both eyes is turned off, and the near test chart 500 is switched. Then, the S and C values are converted to a state where the cross cylinder CC ± 0.50D is added. The conversion formula is a known formula.
[0165]
Next, for example, the near distance d obtained by the convergence of the main body portions 5l and 5r performed in advance, for example.₁While converging to a tilt angle θ with respect to mm, a near-term test initial value As corresponding to the age obtained from the following equation is added to both eyes. The following formulas (1) and (2) are general formulas of the adjustment power Ac for the age x, (1) is applied to the age x under 55 years old, and (2) is for the age x over 55 years old. Applied. Also, (3) in the following equation is the near distance d₁Addition to mm₁(4) is the near distance d₁And adjustment power Ac and addition Ad₁Is a formula for calculating the near-term test initial value As according to the age. An example of calculating the near-term test initial value As according to age is shown in FIG.
[0166]
[Formula 1]
Ac = 12.5-0.2x (1)
Ac = 7.0-0.1x (2)
Ad₁= (1000 / d₁)-(Ac) x (1/2) (3)
As =-{(1000 / d₁) -Ad₁} = − Ac × (1/2) (4)
[0167]
When the near test initial value As according to the age is added, the target illumination light source for both eyes is turned on.
[0168]
Next, announce that "Perform a near-field test. Grab the lever (6h) and look into the vision tester." Then, “Can the vertical and horizontal lines look the same? If they look the same, press the button (6g) on the lever (6h). If the horizontal lines appear dark and the vertical lines appear light, press the lever (6h). ) Left or right, the vertical line appears dark and the horizontal line appears light, please push the lever (6h) forward or backward. "
[0169]
In the first presentation, when the button 6g is pressed (the horizontal line and the vertical line appear to be dark as well), the near test initial value As corresponding to the age shown in FIG. / D₁) Is added value.
[0170]
In the first presentation, when the lever 6h is tilted to the left or right (the horizontal line appears dark and the vertical line appears light), the sphericity S + 0.25D is simultaneously applied to both eyes. Then, “Can the vertical and horizontal lines look the same? If they look the same, press the button (6g) on the lever (6h). If the horizontal lines appear dark and the vertical lines appear light, press the lever (6h). ) Left or right, the vertical line appears dark and the horizontal line appears light, please push the lever (6h) forward or backward. " Here, when the lever 6h is tilted again to the left or right, a spherical degree S + 0.25D is further applied to both eyes at the same time, and “How is it?” Is announced. S + 0.25D is added until the button 6g of the lever 6h is pressed or until the lever 6h is tilted forward or backward. When the button 6g is pressed or the lever 6h is tilted forward or backward, the near test initial value As is set to (1000 / d₁) Plus the value until the lever 6h is pushed (counts the number of times the button 6g is pushed) or until the lever 6h is pushed forward or backward (the number of times it is pushed forward or backward is not counted). ) Is added to the sum of the sphericity added, and the customer's near-term addition is… D.
[0171]
On the other hand, when the lever 6h is tilted forward or backward in the first presentation (the vertical line appears dark and the horizontal line appears light), the sphericity S-0.25D is simultaneously applied to both eyes. Then, “Can the vertical and horizontal lines look the same? If they look the same, press the button (6g) on the lever (6h). If the horizontal lines appear dark and the vertical lines appear light, press the lever (6h). ) Left or right, the vertical line appears dark and the horizontal line appears light, please push the lever (6h) forward or backward. " Here, when the lever 6h is tilted forward or backward again, sphericity S-0.25D is added to both eyes at the same time, and "How is it?" Is announced. S-0.25D is added until the button 6g of the lever 6h is pressed or the lever 6h is tilted to the left or right. When the button 6g is pressed or the lever 6h is tilted to the left or right, the near test initial value As is set to (1000 / d₁) Plus the value until the lever 6h is pressed (counts the number of times the button 6g is pressed) or until the lever 6h is tilted left or right (the number of times it is tilted forward or backward is not counted) ) Is added to the sum of the sphericity added, and the customer's near-term addition is… D.
[0172]
When the near-field test is completed, the landscape chart 99 is presented to both eyes, the obtained near-field addition power is memorized, and S, C, and A are subtracted from the cross-cylinder CC ± 0.50D for both eyes. Convert.
[0173]
(Near vision test; S23)
Subsequently, a near vision test is performed. First, auto-alignment is performed at the same time for both eyes. Announced, “I will measure near vision for both eyes.” And set the Landolt ring target with a visual acuity value of 0.5 and the fusion frame chart 53D. Present. Then, push down the “Lever (6h) toward target line cut”. "Is announced." When the subject 4 tilts the lever 6h in a direction that is recognized as the direction of the break of the Landolt ring, it is determined whether or not the presentation target matches the direction in which the lever 6h is tilted. The visual acuity value is determined by the same process as (S6 shown in FIG. 16). The determined visual acuity value is stored in memory, a landscape chart 99 is presented to both eyes, and the near vision test is terminated.
[0174]
(Determination of prescription value; S24)
When the near vision test is completed, a final measurement result (prescription value) is determined, and “all the vision measurement is completed” is announced, and characters are displayed on the display screen 64q ′. Then, “Please remove your face from the device and look at the monitor device (64q). The measurement result will be displayed on the monitor device (64q)” is announced, and the determined prescription value is displayed on the monitor device 64q. Finally, the PD is returned to 66 mm, the initial setting is performed for both eyes as the landscape chart 99, and then the apparatus is set in the sleep state and terminated.
[0175]
The configuration described above is merely an example of an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, the method of using the optometry apparatus described with reference to the flowchart can be modified in various ways by appropriately changing the structure of the operation program that controls the operation control by the arithmetic control circuit 63.
[0176]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the refractive power of the cross-cylinder lens is converted when there is a question about the judgment ability of the subject with respect to the cross-cylinder test, and the state of the target that is presented alternately is changed. Differences can be more easily discriminated, and the results can be used to confirm the above judgment ability of the subject. Therefore, in the case where an inexperienced examiner performs an optometry or when there is no examiner However, astigmatism axis angle measurement and astigmatism power measurement can be performed with high measurement accuracy regardless of the judgment ability of the subject.
[0177]
Further, according to the present invention, when there is a question about the judgment ability of the subject with respect to the cross cylinder test, a verification test can be performed to verify the judgment ability. Even when there is no examiner, astigmatism axis angle measurement and astigmatism power measurement can be performed with high measurement accuracy regardless of the judgment ability of the subject.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of an optometry apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an external view of the optometry apparatus shown in FIG.
3 is a diagram showing an optical system of the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
4 is an enlarged view of an optical system for the left eye in the optical system shown in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the optical system for the left eye shown in FIG.
6 is an enlarged view of an optical system for the right eye in the optical system shown in FIG.
7 is a plan view of the optical system for the right eye shown in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a control system of the optometry apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a connection mode between the optometry apparatus and the lens meter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of the lens meter in the vicinity of the optometry apparatus via the RS232C cable. FIG. 9B is a diagram showing a state in which the lens meter is placed far from the optometry device, and the lens meter and the optometry device are connected to the monitor device via an RS232C cable. FIG. 9C is a diagram illustrating a state in which a plurality of optometry apparatuses and monitor apparatuses are installed and a lens meter is connected to the monitor apparatus via a LAN.
10 is an external view of the lens meter shown in FIG. 9. FIG.
11 is a diagram showing a configuration of a rotary prism included in the optical system shown in FIG. 3;
12 is a diagram showing an example of a chart presented by the optical system shown in FIG.
13 is a diagram showing a configuration of a cross cylinder lens included in the optical system shown in FIG. 3. FIG.
14 is a diagram showing an example of a chart presented by the optical system shown in FIG.
15 is a diagram showing an example of a chart presented by the optical system shown in FIG.
16 is a flowchart showing the overall flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
17 is a diagram showing an example of a chart presented by the optical system shown in FIG. FIG. 17A shows a chart presented to the right eye, FIG. 17B shows a chart presented to the left eye, and FIG. 17C shows a state fused with binocular vision. It is.
FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
20 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
22 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
24 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
25 is a diagram showing an example of a chart presented by the optical system shown in FIG.
26 is a diagram showing an example of a chart presented by the optical system shown in FIG.
FIG. 27 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 29 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
30 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 31 is a flowchart showing a flow of measurement processing by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
32 is a diagram showing an example of a chart presented by the optical system shown in FIG.
33 is a diagram showing data referred to in a cross cylinder test performed by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
34 is a diagram showing data referred to in a cross cylinder test performed by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
35 is a diagram showing data referred to in a near-field test performed by the optometry apparatus shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Optometry equipment
4 subjects
5l, 5r body
6g button
6h Joystick lever (lever)
59A, 59B Cross cylinder lens
99 landscape chart
100 Red Green Chart
300 Cross cylinder dot chart
400 Illustration chart

Claims (8)

A target presentation means for presenting a target to the subject's eye, the binocular simultaneous objective refraction measurement of the subject eye, and the objective value obtained based on the objective value obtained by the objective eye Can automatically measure the subjective refraction of the subject's eye,
A cross cylinder lens for adding a refractive power in a predetermined direction to the target presented by the target presenting means;
Driving means for driving the cross cylinder lens to change the refractive power added to the visual target and the direction in which the refractive power is added;
The refractive power of the cross cylinder lens is alternately applied to the target in two directions, and the subject is made to respond to which state of the target is clearly visually recognized. An optometry apparatus configured to automatically perform a cross-cylinder test for measuring an astigmatism axis angle and an astigmatism power of
In a predetermined stage of the cross cylinder test, the refractive power applied to the target is converted by driving the cross cylinder lens, and the converted refractive power is added to the target in the state. An optometry apparatus provided with control means for controlling the drive means so as to perform a cross cylinder test. For each content of the response of the subject in the cross-cylinder test, further comprises a counting means for counting the number of times the response has been made,
The control means converts the refractive power applied to the visual target by driving the cross cylinder lens in response to the same content being continuously counted a predetermined number of times by the counting means. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit is controlled. In the cross-cylinder test performed in a state where the converted refractive power is added to the target, the control unit counts the same content continuously for a predetermined number of times by the counting unit. Correspondingly, the optometry apparatus according to claim 2, wherein control is performed so as to end the cross cylinder test. 4. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the driving unit to increase the refractive power of the cross cylinder lens added to the target. 5. Optometry device. A target presentation means for presenting a target on the subject's eye; the binocular simultaneous objective refraction measurement of the subject eye; and the objective value obtained based on the objective value obtained by the eye It is possible to automatically measure the subjective refraction of the subject's eye,
A cross cylinder lens for adding a refractive power in a predetermined direction to the visual target presented by the visual target presenting means;
Driving means for driving the cross cylinder lens to change the refractive power added to the visual target and the direction in which the refractive power is added;
The refractive power of the cross cylinder lens is alternately applied to the target in two directions, and the subject is made to respond to which state of the target is clearly visually recognized. An optometry apparatus configured to automatically perform a cross-cylinder test for measuring an astigmatism axis angle and an astigmatism power of
For each content of the response of the subject in the cross-cylinder test, a counting means for counting the number of times the response is made;
Corresponding to the fact that the same contents are continuously counted a predetermined number of times by the counting means, the driving means is controlled to perform a verification test for verifying the judgment ability for the cross-cylinder test. Control means to
An optometry apparatus comprising: The control means includes
The initial value of the refractive power of the cross cylinder lens that was added to the target when the cross cylinder test was started, and the target that was added to the target when moving from the cross cylinder test to the verification test. The current value of the refractive power is alternately added to the target and presented to the subject,
Controlling the driving means to perform the verification test by urging the subject to respond to whether the target state to which the initial value or the current value is added is clearly visible. The optometry apparatus according to claim 5. The control means includes
The first state of the visual target to which the initial value of the refractive power of the cross cylinder lens is added and the second state of the visual target to which the current value of the refractive power is added are in this order. Controlling the driving means to perform the first test of the verification test by alternately presenting to the subject at
The driving means is arranged so as to perform the second test of the verification test by alternately changing the order of presenting the first state and the second state of the target and alternately presenting the subject to the subject. Control
When the contents of the response of the subject with respect to the first test and the second test are the same, the cross cylinder test is terminated assuming that the subject has no judgment ability with respect to the cross cylinder test. The optometry apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Which of the target state to which the initial value of the refractive power of the cross cylinder lens is added and the state of the target to which the current value of the refractive power is added is presented. In order to allow the examiner to identify, there is further provided an audio output means for outputting an announcement including the designation of the state of the optotype,
The said control means controls the said audio | voice output means to change the said designation of the said state of the said target, and to output the said announcement, The Claim 1 thru | or 7 characterized by the above-mentioned. Optometry device.

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