JP2847076B2 - Apparatus and method for drilling deep trenches in the ground - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an apparatus for digging deep trenches in the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A chassis suspended from a lifting device by a cable is provided. Under the chassis, grinding drums rotate in opposite directions to grind the soil so that the chassis can penetrate the ground. A boring device of the type for digging a trench is already known. To drill a ditch in the ground with the aid of such equipment, form a plurality of holes aligned in a predetermined direction and combine these holes by removing the part of the ground that separates these holes I do.
For each hole, a rectangular frame made of concrete is formed in the ground, the interior of which roughly corresponds to the contour of the chassis.
While the grinding drum rotates, the chassis is placed inside the rectangular frame so that it rests on the ground.

[0003] When the chassis begins to penetrate the ground, the operating position of the chassis is maintained by the rectangular frame. As the chassis penetrates deeper into the ground than its height, the chassis emerges from the frame and is guided down only by the previously formed grooves. From this point on, the chassis moves underground without its direction being precisely controlled. When shallow, the orientation of the chassis is preferably maintained, and a plurality of holes can be obtained which, when combined, form a continuous, substantially flat groove. On the other hand, if it is deep,
That is, at about 30 to 40 meters from the ground, the chassis may move along a spiral path, that is, penetrate the ground while rotating about its vertical longitudinal axis.

[0004] In this case, not only is the formed groove not flat, but also the possibility that two adjacent holes cannot be connected because their distance is too large, and thus the groove may be discontinuous. It has major disadvantages. A pusher mechanism provided on the chassis has already been proposed, which abuts against the wall of the hole to reposition the chassis in the hole and prevent the path of its movement from deviating significantly. However, such a mechanism cannot avoid rotation of the chassis about its longitudinal axis. In addition, the applicant has described in a French patent application published as US Pat. No. 2,696,768 a device for drilling a ditch in the ground of the same type as described above, wherein the chassis is free to be further raised on the top. A pivoting block is provided and is suspended from the lifting device by this block. This freely pivoting block allows the chassis to be manually oriented before starting the excavation, especially by tilting and positioning with respect to the lifting device,
This makes it possible to freely change the length and orientation of the mast of the lift device, and to position the chassis on the guide frame without disposing the lift device accurately in the vertical direction with respect to the guide frame. . This is particularly beneficial where it is desirable to form the hole perpendicular to a non-movable obstacle, such as a corner of a building.

However, this type of device having a freely pivoting block does not solve the problem of chassis rotation when descending deep into the ground. It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple and economical device which overcomes the above disadvantages.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION To this end, the present invention is an apparatus for forming a trench in the ground, of the type excavating by vertical advance into the ground, the cable being suspended from a lift device by a cable. A pivoting block is provided at the top, and a grinding drum is provided at the bottom and a grinding drum adapted to pulverize a portion of the soil that can pass through the chassis during operation is provided, and is also coupled to the ground surface. And a flexible hose for discharging earth and sand pulverized by a pulverizing drum, wherein the pivot block is motorized. Flexible hoses for discharging sediment are also referred to as "mud hoses" because the mud is used for excavation and pumping the mud in the vicinity of the grinding drum discharges the sediment.

[0007] The present invention corrects the undesired rotation of the chassis in the bore, which is supported only by the cables and mud hoses connected to the lifting device, or only by the cables of the block, so that the powered block torques the chassis. Is to act. Mad Horse
A reinforced line of approximately 6 inches (about 15.2 cm) in diameter, which in effect modifies the powered block of the device according to the invention so as to exert a torque on the chassis that can correct the placement of the device during drilling. It works well to support. But,
It has been found that the cable connecting the block to the lifting device is sufficient to pivot the block, apply torque to the chassis, and cause the chassis to twist as it descends through the hole.

[0008] Such a phenomenon may be manifested when the chassis is only a few meters from the ground surface, where the problem of chassis rotation is not exactly accurate, but is extremely high, such as 30 or 40 meters from the ground surface. This is not true when you are deep. In fact, from some depth, the pivoting of the block does not affect the movement of the chassis,
It is expected that only cable twisting will occur, since the resistance torque of the cable is inversely proportional to its length. And, according to Applicant's tests, the pivoting of the block very slightly to avoid twisting the cable, however, affects the advancement of the chassis by the advancement of torsion in the direction of the torque formed by the block. It has been found.

Therefore, in order to compensate for the undesired rotation of the chassis and the return of the chassis in the plane of the groove to be formed, the blocks are pivoted so as to apply a torque to the chassis in the opposite direction of rotation. It is enough to move. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the blocks are:
It consists of a simple rotary joint with an upper part connected to the lifting device and a lower part connected to the chassis, two of this joint.
The two parts rotate axially relative to one another about a channel connected to a mud hose capable of pumping earth and sand near the grinding drum to be raised. The motor is fixed at the lower part of the rotary joint and engages a toothed wheel fixed at the upper part of the rotary joint. In the second embodiment of the present invention,
The block is composed of a multi-rotational joint, which has, in addition to a central channel connected to a mud hose, at least one peripheral annular channel as a passage for pressurized fluid for supplying a motor of the chassis.

As in the previous embodiment, a motor meshing with the toothed wheel can be used to rotate the lower part of the rotary joint relative to its upper part. In a third embodiment of the invention, the block has the structure described in patent application FR-A-2 696 758, wherein a motor is added to the powered block. Advantageously, a connection connecting the channel to the mud hose is provided to allow axial pivoting of the block relative to the mud hose and to release torsional stress from the hose as the chassis descends in the groove. However, it is preferred that this pivotal connection be prevented from rotating and supported by the block on the mud hose and the cable of the block to exert a torque on the chassis. Further, the present invention provides that a pivot block connected to a lifting device by a cable is provided on an upper portion, and
A chassis crush drum at the bottom comprises a rotatably driven chassis to crush the ground while allowing the chassis to penetrate into the ground, and further comprises earth and sand coupled to the surface and crushed by the crush drum. A method for forming a groove with the aid of a boring device of the type which is vertically advanced and drilled into the ground, provided with a flexible hose for discharging the fluid, wherein the rotation of the chassis with respect to its vertical longitudinal axis is controlled. Detecting and rotating the pivot block in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the chassis and exerting a torque on the chassis by being supported by hoses and / or cables.

The present invention will be more readily understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
It comprises a lifting device comprising a platform 1 on which a caterpillar device 2 is provided, on which, in particular, an articulated mast 3 and a winding for a large diameter mud hose (not shown) for lifting excavates. Picking device 4
A winding device 5 for a pressurized oil hose, a winch 6 for a lift cable (not shown) and a control device 7 for controlling and monitoring the various components of the device. The chassis 8 is suspended from the free end of the joint mast 3 by a lift cable (not shown),
This cable engages the fixed block at the end of the mast,
Furthermore, at the top of the chassis 8, it engages a pivoting block 9 provided with a motor, so that the chassis can be oriented in any direction.

This pivot block 9, shown in cross section in FIG.
An upper part 10 intended to be suspended from a lifting device;
And a lower part 11 coupled to the chassis, the two parts pivoting relative to each other about a vertical axis 12. The upper part 10 of the block comprises two pulleys 13 for passing a lift cable 14 and connections 15 for a plurality of hydraulic hoses 16, all provided on a plate 17a. The hub 17b fixed to the plate 17a extends downward,
Seven peripheral grooves 18 are formed axially distributed along the outer surface of the hub. The central channel 19 extends over the entire height of the hub. Lower part 1 of the block
1 comprises a cylindrical body 20, which surrounds the hub 17b and has seven annular grooves 21 of rectangular cross section on its inner surface facing the circumferential groove of the hub, these annular grooves It is separated by a small groove 22 that houses a ring 23.

The grooves in the hub 17b and the grooves in the cylindrical body 20 are aligned to form a peripheral annular channel which is formed by the plate 17a and the hub 17 respectively.
b is connected to a hydraulic hose connection 15 extending to the top of the block via a special channel 24 formed in the block.
Similarly, these annular channels are respectively associated with body 2
It is connected to a hydraulic hose connection 25 extending to the lower part of the block via a special channel 26 formed at zero. The mechanical connection between the mechanical connection of the blocks 17a, 17b and its rotating part 20 is made by means of an annular roller bearing 30, the outer ring 32 of which is fixed to the fixed plate 17a and the inner ring 34. Is fixed to the upper end of the cylindrical body 20.

[0015] A central channel 19 of the hub extends into the lower portion of the block to flow excavated material into the chassis near the excavating drum. This central channel is connected to the mud hose 27 by a pivot connection 28 which can prevent rotation. More precisely, the axial passage 19 of the hub 17b
Is extended by a cylindrical sleeve 36 fixed to the upper surface of the plate 17a. This sleeve has an end 27
The lower end 27a of the mud hose 27 is connected to the lower end 27a of the mud hose 27 by means of a pivot joint 28 fixed to a. Below that, the axial passage 19 is extended by a conduit 38 for lifting the excavated material, which conduit 38 is fixed to the chassis 8. There is no need to provide a seal between the passage 19 and the line 38, since the assembly is immersed in the drilling mud.

A motor 29 provided on the body 20 and thus fixed to the lower part of the block meshes with a toothed wheel 30 fixed to the upper part 10 via the hub 17b,
Within this hub, a toothed wheel is formed and, if necessary, torque can be applied to the chassis when a hole is formed in the ground. In normal operation, the pivot joint 2
8 is prevented from rotating and the block is supported by the mud hose 27 and the plurality of strands of the cable 14 when the motor 29 is actuated to rotate the lower part 11 of the block and thus the chassis 8 relative to the upper part 10. . In special cases, it may be beneficial not to prevent rotation of the pivot joint 28 in order to prevent the formation of stress in the mud hose.

In each case, torque is transmitted to the chassis 8 of the device, and the device rotates about axis 12 and travels underground. It should be noted that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are not limited at all, and they can be changed without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus for excavating a trench in the ground according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a rotating block of the apparatus of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Platform 2 Caterpillar device 3 Mast 4, 5 Winding device 6 Winch 7 Control device 8 Chassis 9 Pivot block 10 Upper part 11 Lower part 12 Vertical axis 13 Pulley 14 Lift cable 15, 25 Connection part 16 Hydraulic hose 17a Plate 17b Hub 18 Peripheral groove 19 Channel 20 Cylindrical body 21 Annular groove 22 Small diameter groove 23 O-ring 24, 26 Special channel 27 Mud hose 27a End 28 Pivot joint 29 Motor 30 Toothed wheel 30 Roller bearing 32 Outer ring 34 Inner ring 34 Sleeve 38 Tube Road

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02F 5/02

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] The lifting device (1) is connected by a cable (14).
A chassis (8) provided at its upper part with a pivoting block (9) suspended from -7) and having a grinding drum underneath, said grinding drum being in operation. And a flexible hose (27) connected to the ground surface for discharging the ground and sand crushed by the crushing drum, and vertically advanced into the ground. A device for excavating a groove in the ground, characterized in that a motor is provided on the pivot block (9). 2. The pivoting block (9) comprises a lifting device (1).
-7) consists of a simple rotary joint having an upper part (10) connected to the chassis (8) and a lower part (11) connected to the chassis (8), the two parts of which are connected to each other about a channel (19). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is pivoted axially and this channel is connected to a hose (27) for discharging sediment pumped in the vicinity of the grinding drum. 3. The pivot block (9) is composed of a double rotary joint, which in addition to a central channel (19) connected to a sediment discharge hose (27) and for feeding a motor of the chassis. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one peripheral annular passage (18, 21) for pressure fluid. 4. The soil removal hose (27) is connected to the pivot block (9) by a pivot connection (28) which is not prevented from rotating. An apparatus according to claim 1. 5. A lifting device (1) with a cable (14).
A pivot block (9), coupled to -7), is provided at the top and a chassis crush drum at the bottom is provided on the chassis (8)
A flexible hose connected to the surface of the ground to discharge ground and sand crushed by the crushing drum, comprising: a chassis rotatably driven to crush the ground while allowing the ground to penetrate into the ground; A method for forming a groove with the aid of a boring device of the type that is vertically advanced and excavated in the ground, comprising detecting the rotation of the chassis with respect to its vertical longitudinal axis, and detecting the rotation direction of the chassis. Rotating the pivot block (9) in the opposite direction to exert a torque on the chassis (8) supported by hoses and / or cables. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the pivot block (9) prevents rotation with respect to the sediment discharge hose (27). 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the pivot block (9) temporarily releases the rotation with respect to the sediment discharge hose (27).