JP3648289B2 - Hard rock excavation method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Technology to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a hard rock layer excavation method and apparatus suitable for excavation of a hard rock layer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an all-casing method is known in which a casing tube is pushed in while rotating to excavate a pile hole, and earth and sand in the casing tube pushed into the ground are discharged by a hammaglab.
[0003]
However, when excavating a hard rock bedrock, the casing tube can be pushed in while rotating. It cannot be discharged.
[0004]
Therefore, when excavating such a hard rock layer, it is excavated with a chisel with vibration, or a reverse circulation method using a roller bit for hard rock excavation attached to the tip of a drill pipe (so-called reverse method) Was drilling by.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such a conventional construction method, since vibration is applied to the chisel, there is a problem that it causes impact and vibration and affects the surrounding environment. In addition, excavation of hard rock layers requires large rotational torque and indentation force, but there is a limit to the transmission of large rotational torque and indentation force by drill pipes, and it is difficult to improve excavation efficiency in hard rock layers There was a problem.
[0006]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a hard rock layer excavation method and apparatus capable of excavating even a hard rock layer with a small adverse effect on the surrounding environment.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, the present invention takes the following method to solve the problem. That is,
After digging until the hard rock layer is reached by pushing the casing tube with the excavation bit attached to the tip, the casing tube is pulled out by a predetermined amount,
A stabilizer mounted slidably on a drain pipe is suspended, and a grip mechanism with an excavator provided with a hard rock bit is connected to the stabilizer by a wire and inserted into the casing tube together with the drain pipe. And
The hard rock bit hits the hard rock layer and the grip mechanism engages the inner periphery of the casing tube;
Extruding a hard rock layer with a hard rock bit while pushing the casing tube while rotating, and discharging water supplied into the casing tube together with debris through the drain pipe ,
Further, after the casing tube is pushed in by the predetermined amount, the grip mechanism is lifted by the wire through the stabilizer to release the engagement between the grip mechanism and the casing tube, and the casing tube is pushed in while rotating. This is a hard rock excavation method characterized in that the drilling hole by the excavator is expanded.
[0008]
In order to achieve this object, the present invention has the following configuration as means for solving the problems. That is,
An excavator having a rotary push-in mechanism that pushes in while rotating a casing tube having a drill bit attached to the tip, and a grip mechanism that can be engaged and disengaged from the inner periphery of the casing tube, and that is provided with a hard rock bit. the attachment to the grip mechanism, the further inside gripping mechanism to penetrate towards the bottom at the tip of the drilling tool Keru set the drain pipe is open.
[0009]
In addition, a stabilizer is slidably attached to the drain pipe, the stabilizer and the grip mechanism are connected by a wire, and the grip mechanism and the inner circumference of the casing tube are engaged via the wire by sliding of the stabilizer. This is the structure of hard rock excavation equipment, which is characterized by joining and leaving .
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotary push-in mechanism, in which a lifting cylinder 4 for lifting and lowering the lifting frame 3 is assembled on a base frame 2 held in a horizontal state, and a ring is connected to the lifting frame 3 via a bearing 5. A cylindrical rotating member 6 is rotatably supported. A gear 7 is formed on the outer periphery of the rotary member 6, and the drive gear 8 a fixed to the rotary shaft of the hydraulic motor 8 provided on the elevating frame 3 and the gear 7 are engaged with each other via the idle gear 9. It is comprised so that the rotation member 6 may be rotated by rotation.
[0011]
A tapered hole 11 is formed on the inner periphery of the rotating member 6 so that the casing tube 10 having a drilling bit 10a attached to the tip can be inserted therethrough. The tapered hole 11 is formed so as to decrease in diameter downward. Yes. Above the rotating member 6, a bracket 13 a that is moved up and down by a chuck cylinder 12 disposed on the lifting frame 3 is provided, and the rotating frame 13 c is interposed between the bracket 13 a and the rotating member 6 via a bearing 13 b. It is supported and arranged so as to move up and down together with the bracket 13a. A wedge-shaped chuck member 14 suspended from the rotating frame 13 c is inserted between the tapered hole 11 and the casing tube 10.
[0012]
In the casing tube 10, the drain pipe 15 disposed concentrically is formed with a length that protrudes from the tip of the casing tube 10. The drain pipe 15 in the casing tube 10 is provided with a grip mechanism 16 on the outer periphery thereof.
[0013]
The grip mechanism 16 includes a cylindrical member 20 fixed to the outer periphery of the drain pipe 15 and a plurality of grip members 22 disposed on the circumference along the inner periphery of the casing tube 10. In addition, a weight 23 that is movable in the axial direction of the drain pipe 15 is provided, and the weight 23 and the grip member 22 are expanded by moving the grip member 22 in the radial direction by moving the weight 23 downward. Both ends are connected by a link 25 supported so as to be swingable. The cylindrical member 20 and the grip member 22 are connected by a pair of upper and lower links 26 and 27.
[0014]
The grip mechanism 16 is configured to expand the grip member 22 by its own weight and engage the inner periphery of the casing tube 10. However, the grip mechanism 16 is expanded by the biasing force of the spring. You may make it engage, or the grip member 22 may be inserted in the vertical groove formed in the inner periphery of the casing tube 10, and the casing tube 10 may be engaged.
[0015]
An excavation tool 28 is fixed to the lower end of the tubular member 20, and a plurality of hard rock bits 30 are attached to the bottom surface of the excavation tool 28. As the hard rock bit 30, a well-known roller bit used for excavation of a hard rock layer is used. Further, the drain pipe 15 penetrates through the cylindrical member 20, and the tip thereof is opened downward on the bottom surface of the excavator 28. Furthermore, a plurality of through holes 31 are formed in the excavator 28 in the axial direction (see FIG. 1).
[0016]
On the upper end side of the drain pipe 15, a stabilizer 32 is slidably mounted between convex portions 15 a and 15 b formed on the drain pipe 15. The outer periphery of the stabilizer 32 is formed in a size that can be inserted into the inner periphery of the casing tube 10, and is configured to prevent the drainage pipe 15 from shaking when the casing tube 10 rotates. The stabilizer 32 and the weight 23 are connected by a pair of wires 33, and the weight 23 is configured to move up and down as the stabilizer 32 slides.
[0017]
A pump 34 is attached to the upper end of the drain pipe 15, and a drain hose 38 is connected to the pump 34 via a swivel joint 36. In addition, the tip of the water supply pipe 40 supplied from a tank (not shown) is opened in the casing tube 10. Furthermore, an air feed pipe 42 is arranged in parallel with the drain pipe 15, and the tip of the air feed pipe 42 extends to the vicinity of the tip of the drain pipe 15.
[0018]
Next, the operation of the hard rock excavation apparatus of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. An example of excavation of the ground having the hard rock layer 50 under the general soil layer 48 such as clay, silt, and gravel will be described.
First, the casing tube 10 is inserted into the rotary push-in mechanism 1, and the chuck cylinder 12 is driven to lower the bracket 13a. Thus, the chuck member 14 is inserted between the tapered hole 11 and the casing tube 10 via the bearing 13b and the rotating frame 13c, and the rotating member 6 and the casing tube 10 are fastened by the chuck member 14.
[0019]
Next, the hydraulic motor 8 is driven to rotate, the rotating member 6 is rotated via the drive gear 8 a and the idle gear 9, and the casing tube 10 is rotated together with the rotation of the rotating member 6. Further, the elevating cylinder 4 is driven to lower the elevating frame 3, and the casing tube 10 is pushed into the ground via the rotating member 6, the chuck member 14, and the like.
[0020]
When the casing tube 10 is pushed in while being rotated and excavated by the excavation bit 10a, earth and sand remain inside. This earth and sand drops a not-shown hung maglab lifted by a crane and discharges it to the outside of the casing tube 10 by the hung maglab. Excavation using the casing tube 10 enables excavation at a great depth while reliably preventing hole wall collapse, and a highly vertical pile hole is obtained. Therefore, the present invention can be applied even when the general soil layer 48 is thick.
[0021]
When this excavation is repeated and the excavation bit 10a reaches the hard rock layer 50, the push-in is stopped, the elevating cylinder 4 is driven to raise the elevating frame 3, and as shown in FIG. 10 is pulled out from the ground by a predetermined amount. This predetermined amount is the maximum amount by which the hard rock layer 50 can be excavated in one step by the excavator 28 described later, and may be appropriately determined depending on the length of the cylindrical member 20 and the hardness of the hard rock layer 50, and the like.
[0022]
Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, the grip mechanism 16 to which the excavator 28 is attached is inserted into the casing tube 10 together with the drain pipe 15. At that time, as shown in FIG. 1, the wire 52 fastened to the stabilizer 32 is hung on the hook 54 of the crane. As a result, the drain pipe 15 is lifted via the convex portion 15 b and the weight 23 is lifted via the wire 33. As a result, in the grip mechanism 16, the grip member 22 is moved toward the center of the casing tube 10 by the links 25, 26, and 27 to be reduced, and can be inserted into the casing tube 10.
[0023]
When the hard rock bit 30 hits the hard rock layer 50 and further the hook 54 is lowered and the wire 52 is loosened, the weight 23 is lowered by its own weight, and the grip member 22 is radially outward of the casing tube 10 via the link 25. It is expanded toward. Therefore, the grip member 22 is pressed against the inner periphery of the casing tube 10, and the grip mechanism 16 and the casing tube 10 are engaged.
[0024]
On the other hand, water is supplied from the water supply pipe 40 into the casing tube 10. The water level at the time of water supply may be the same level or lower than that of the ground. The prevention of the collapse of the hole wall is performed by the casing tube 10, and the amount of water supply is sufficient if there is an amount necessary for sucking debris. The drain hose 38 may be lifted and supported by the wire 56.
[0025]
Next, the rotary push-in mechanism 1 is pushed in while rotating the casing tube 10, and the excavator 28 is integrally rotated through the grip mechanism 16 and is pressed against the hard rock layer 50. Therefore, the hard rock layer 50 is excavated by the hard rock bit 30 of the excavator 28. Since the rotational torque and the pushing force are transmitted to the excavator 28 through the casing tube 10, a large rotational torque and the pushing force can be applied to the hard rock bit 30, and the drilling can be efficiently performed.
[0026]
The supplied water passes through the through hole 31 and drains from the casing tube 10 through the drain pipe 15, the pump 34, the swivel joint 36, and the drain hose 38. Since the drainage is sucked from the drain pipe 15 opened downward in the center of the excavator 28, the debris from the hard rock bit 30 is also sucked and discharged out of the casing tube 10 (FIG. 3 ( C))). At the same time, compressed air may be supplied from the air feed pipe 42 to assist debris lift.
[0027]
As the hard rock layer 50 is excavated, the casing tube 10 is also lowered, and the diameter of the drill hole 58 excavated by the excavator 28 is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing tube 10, so that the excavation bit 10 a at the tip of the casing tube 10 is again. It hits the hard rock layer 50.
[0028]
In that case, the stabilizer 32 is lifted through the wire 52 by a crane (not shown). As a result, the weight 23 is lifted via the wire 33, the grip member 22 is reduced via the link 25, and the engagement between the grip mechanism 16 and the casing tube 10 is released.
[0029]
Further, the casing tube 10 is pushed in while being rotated, and the hard rock layer 50 is excavated by the excavation bit 10a. The drilling hole 58 excavated by the hard rock bit 30 is expanded to the diameter of the excavation bit 10a. Further, the excavation by the excavation bit 10a is performed until reaching the depth excavated by the hard rock bit 30 (FIG. 3D). Also at this time, debris is discharged through the drain pipe 15.
[0030]
By this step, the hard rock layer 50 can be excavated to a depth that is a predetermined amount of the casing tube 10 pulled out. When the excavation depth of the hard rock layer 50 is sufficient at this depth, the stabilizer 32 is lifted by a crane, The drain pipe 15, the grip mechanism 16 and the excavator 28 are taken out of the casing tube 10. Then, a reinforcing bar rod (not shown) is inserted to place concrete, and the elevating cylinder 4 of the rotary push-in mechanism 1 is driven to pull out the casing tube 10.
[0031]
On the other hand, when further excavating the hard rock layer 50, the stabilizer 32 is lifted to release the engagement between the grip mechanism 16 and the casing tube 10, and then the casing tube 10 is pulled out again by a predetermined amount, and the stabilizer 32 is lowered to grip. The mechanism 16 and the casing tube 10 are engaged. Then, the casing tube 10 is pushed in while being rotated, the hard rock layer 50 is excavated by the excavator 28, and the above-described steps are repeated. Thereby, the hard rock layer 50 can be excavated to a predetermined depth. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 (d), if the casing tube 10 and the drain pipe 15 are added and the full length is extended, it can respond to various depths.
[0032]
The present invention is not limited to such embodiments as described above, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, the hard rock layer excavation method of the present invention excavates the general soil layer with the casing tube, and the hard rock layer under the general soil layer transmits a large rotational torque and indentation force through the casing tube and the grip mechanism. It is possible to excavate efficiently with the excavated tool, and the adverse effect on the surrounding environment is small, and debris can be efficiently discharged together with drainage.
[0034]
The hard rock layer excavator can excavate a general soil layer with a casing tube, and when the excavation bit reaches the hard rock layer, the grip mechanism is engaged with the casing tube and the casing tube and the grip mechanism are interposed. Since the hard rock layer is excavated by the hard rock bit and the debris is discharged from the drain pipe, it can be excavated with a large rotational torque and pushing force, and it can be excavated efficiently and has little adverse effect on the surrounding environment. By providing the stabilizer, it is possible to prevent the drain pipe from shaking.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a hard rock excavation apparatus as an embodiment of the present invention in cross section.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a hard rock layer excavating apparatus according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a process sequence of a hard rock excavation method according to the present embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotary pushing mechanism 10 ... Casing tube 10a ... Excavation bit 15 ... Drain pipe 16 ... Grip mechanism 28 ... Excavator 30 ... Hard rock bit 32 ... Stabilizer 40 ... Water supply pipe 48 ... General soil layer 50 ... Hard rock layer 58 ... Cutting Hole

Claims (2)

After digging until the hard rock layer is reached by pushing the casing tube with the excavation bit attached to the tip, the casing tube is pulled out by a predetermined amount,
A stabilizer mounted slidably on a drain pipe is suspended, and a grip mechanism with an excavator provided with a hard rock bit is connected to the stabilizer by a wire and inserted into the casing tube together with the drain pipe. And
The hard rock bit hits the hard rock layer and the grip mechanism engages the inner periphery of the casing tube;
Extruding a hard rock layer with a hard rock bit while pushing the casing tube while rotating, and discharging water supplied into the casing tube together with debris through the drain pipe ,
Further, after the casing tube is pushed in by the predetermined amount, the grip mechanism is lifted by the wire through the stabilizer to release the engagement between the grip mechanism and the casing tube, and the casing tube is pushed in while rotating. A hard rock excavation method characterized in that the drilling hole by the excavator is expanded. An excavator having a rotary push-in mechanism that pushes in while rotating a casing tube having a drill bit attached to the tip, and a grip mechanism that can be engaged and disengaged from the inner periphery of the casing tube, and that is provided with a hard rock bit. attached to the grip mechanism, wherein towards the inside of the gripping mechanism to the bottom at the tip of further passed through the drilling tool only set a drainage tube which is open, the said stabilizer by mounting the stabilizer to drainage tube slidably A hard rock excavation apparatus characterized in that a grip mechanism is connected by a wire, and the grip mechanism and an inner periphery of the casing tube are engaged / disengaged through the wire by sliding of the stabilizer .

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