JP2019515667A - 核酸の合成及び検出のための組成物、方法及びキット - Google Patents
核酸の合成及び検出のための組成物、方法及びキット Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、米国特許法119(e)条の下で2016年4月6日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/319,151号に基づく優先権の権益を主張し、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本教示は、分子生物学、及び遺伝子解析の分野にある。本発明は、核酸の合成に有用な組成物、方法及びキットに関する。より具体的には、組成物、方法及びキットは、核酸分子、特に低コピー数を有するもの、及び/または粗溶解物のような阻害因子の存在下での増幅、検出、及び/または定量化のために提供される。
最も簡単な形態において、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)は、反対側の鎖にハイブリダイズし、標的DNAの対象領域に隣接する2つのオリゴヌクレオチドプライマーを使用して特異的DNA配列を酵素的に合成するためのインビトロの方法である。テンプレート変性、プライマーアニーリング、及びDNAポリメラーゼによるアニーリングされたプライマーの伸長を含む反復的な一連の反応ステップは、その末端がプライマーの5’末端によって規定される特異的フラグメントの指数関数的な蓄積をもたらす。PCRは、特異的DNA配列の選択的濃縮を109倍に生成することができる。例えば、米国特許第4,683,202号(特許文献1)、同第4,683,195号(特許文献2)、同第4,800,159号(特許文献3)、及び同第4,965,188号(特許文献4)、ならびにSaiki et al., 1985, Science 230:1350(非特許文献1)を参照されたい。
例えば、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)を用いる、ポリメラーゼ依存性核酸合成による核酸の合成、検出、及び/または定量化のための組成物、キット、及び方法が本明細書において提供される。いくつかの実施形態において、DNAポリメラーゼ、塩、消泡剤、及びdNTPとdNTP誘導体との組み合わせを含む組成物が本明細書において提供される。
いくつかの実施形態において、核酸の合成、検出及び/または定量化のための組成物、方法、及びキットが、本明細書において提供される。いくつかの実施形態において、プライマー伸長またはポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)を含むがこれらに限定されない、ポリメラーゼ媒介性核酸合成による核酸の合成、検出、及び/または定量化のための組成物、方法、及びキットが本明細書において提供される。いくつかの実施形態において、本明細書において提供される組成物は、特に有効であり、粗溶解物または粗抽出物などの粗製または未精製の核酸試料において優れた性能を示す。
UNGステップ(オプション):50℃、2分間(例えば、以前のPCRからのアンプリコン/キャリーオーバーの混入の防止のため)
活性化:95℃、20秒間
変性:95〜97℃/ 1〜3秒間
延長:60〜62℃/20〜30秒間(×40サイクル)
a)未処理試料から直接核酸を(例えば、リアルタイムqPCRによって)増幅することができる(例えば、唾液及び全血から標的を直接増幅することができる)、
b)コピー数変動の結果の正確性を改善する、
c)種々のPCR阻害因子に対する増加した耐性を提供する、
e)増加した特異性及び感受性をもたらす、
f)迅速な読み出しのための高速サーマルサイクリングプロトコールで使用できる、かつ/または
g)単一の反応において実質的に同時にマルチプレックスの性能を可能にする(例えば、(i)単一の試料を用いて複数の標的、すなわち1つの試料中の2つ以上の標的を増幅できる、または(ii)複数の試料、すなわち、2つの異なる試料中の2つの標的を増幅できる)。
例示的な組成物は、熱安定性DNAポリメラーゼ、カリウム塩、マグネシウム塩、シリコーン系消泡剤、dGTPと7−デアザ−dGTPとの組み合わせを含むdNTP、BSA、フィッシュゼラチン、緩衝液、ホットスタート成分、グリセロール、TWEEN 20以外の非イオン性界面活性剤、及びパッシブリファレンス色素を含む2倍濃縮ストック溶液として配合される。例示的なPCR組成物は、以下の実施例に記載されるような多くのアッセイにおいて試験された。
TaqMan(商標)Copy Number Assayにおける実施例1のPCR組成物の性能を、2つの異なる核酸試料を用いて、市販の組成物であるTaqMan(商標)Fast Advanced Master Mix(「MM」、Applied Biosystems(商標)、カタログ番号4444557)の性能と比較した。アッセイは、アッセイ及びMMのための製造者のプロトコールに従って実施されたが、1セットのアッセイにおいてMMを例示的な組成物と置換した。
1μLのRNasePアッセイ(20×;フォワード及びリバースのPCRプライマーならびにTaqMan(商標)プローブ)
2μLの粗溶解物
1μL、2μL、3μL、4μL、または7μLの溶解溶液
10μLのTaqMan(商標)Fast Advanced Master Mixまたは実施例1の組成物
20μLの全PCR容量までのRNaseフリー水
UNGステップ(任意):50℃、2分間
活性化:95℃、20秒間
(変性:95℃/1秒間、
伸長:60℃/20秒間)×40サイクル
1μLのRNasePアッセイ(20×;フォワード及びリバースのPCRプライマーならびにTaqMan(商標)プローブ)
10μLのTaqMan(商標)Fast Advanced Master Mixまたは実施例1の組成物
1〜9μLの未精製唾液
20μLの全PCR容量までのRNaseフリー水
製造者のプロトコールに従って、DNA Extract All Reagents Kitを用いて、全血から粗核酸試料を調製した。手短に、全血試料の試料を95℃で3分間溶解溶液と共にインキュベートし、続いて安定化溶液を添加して血液粗溶解物を生成した。
コピー数変動において粗溶解物と精製DNA試料との比較を実施した。製造者のプロトコールに従って、Applied Biosystems(商標)DNA Extract All Reagents Kitを用いて、全血から粗溶解物を調製した。精製DNA試料は、製造元のプロトコール(Thermo Fisher Scientific)に従ってMagMax(商標)Sample Preparation Systemを使用して生成した。精製したDNAを定量し、5ng/μLに標準化した。
Fast SYBR(登録商標)Green Master Mix(Thermo Fisher Scientific)を購入し、下記のような追加の成分を加えて1×濃度で製造者の指示に従って使用した。10pg/μLのテンプレートcDNA(Agilent’s Universal Human Reference RNA及びApplied Biosystem’s High−Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kitで製造者の指示に従って製造した)ならびに200nMの18s遺伝子標的フォワード及びリバースのプライマーをマスターミックスに添加した。Antifoam 204(Sigma)(図5A〜図5D)またはAntifoam SE−15(Sigma)(図6A〜図6D)のいずれかの様々な濃度(0%、0.01%、0.05%、及び0.1%)を、マスターミックスに添加してから、384ウェルのマイクロタイタープレートに中に10μLの反応/ウェルに分割した(96ウェルで複製して試験した4つの異なる消泡剤濃度の各々)。増幅に先立ち、プレーティング及び1000rpmの60秒間の遠心の後、各々の反応ウェル内の気泡形成を肉眼で検査した。次いで、ViiA 7 Real−Time PCR System(Applied Biosystems)のデフォルトの高速サイクル条件を製造者の指示に従って使用して、増幅を実施した。図5A〜図5D及び図6A〜図6Dにおいて、グラフ中の水平及び赤色曲線は、ROXパッシブリファレンス色素の蛍光シグナルを示し、緑色曲線は温度サイクリング中のPCR標的のSYBR(登録商標)Greenの色素蛍光を追跡する。
Claims (85)
- (a)少なくとも1つのDNAポリメラーゼと、
(b)少なくとも1つの塩と、
(c)少なくとも1つの消泡剤と、
(d)少なくとも1つのdNTPと、
(e)少なくとも1つのdNTP誘導体と
を含む、組成物。 - 前記DNAポリメラーゼが熱安定性DNAポリメラーゼである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記熱安定性DNAポリメラーゼが、Taq DNAポリメラーゼ、Tne DNAポリメラーゼ、Tma DNAポリメラーゼ、Pfu DNAポリメラーゼ、KOD DNAポリメラーゼ、Tfl DNAポリメラーゼ、Tth DNAポリメラーゼ、StoffelフラグメントDNAポリメラーゼ、VENT(商標)DNAポリメラーゼ、DEEPVENT(商標)DNAポリメラーゼ、及びそれらの突然変異体、変異体、または誘導体から選択される、請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 前記熱安定性DNAポリメラーゼがTaq由来のDNAポリメラーゼである、請求項3に記載の組成物。
- 前記塩が、カリウム塩、マグネシウム塩、ナトリウム塩、及びそれらの任意の組み合わせから選択される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記塩が5mM〜200mMの全濃度である、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 前記消泡剤がシリコーン系消泡剤である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記シリコーン系消泡剤が、XIAMETER(登録商標)AFE−1010、AFE−1430、AFE−1510、AFE−1520、AFE−2210、Antifoam A、Antifoam B、Antifoam C、Antifoam H−10、Antifoam SE−15、Antifoam SE−35、Antifoam SO−25、Antifoam Y−30、及びAntifoam 289から選択される、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 前記消泡剤が非シリコーン系消泡剤である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記非シリコーン系消泡剤が、有機スルホネート、ポリエーテル、有機ホスフェート、アセチレングリコール、フルオロカーボン、ポリアルケンポリアミン、及びポリアルキレンイミン化合物から選択される、請求項9に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリアルキレンイミン化合物が、Antifoam 204またはAntifoam O−30である、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 前記消泡剤が0.001%〜0.1%の濃度である、請求項7または9に記載の組成物。
- 前記dNTPがdGTPである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記dNTP誘導体が、7−デアザ−dGTP(7−デアザ−2−デオキシ−dGTP)である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記dGTPが0.05mM〜1.0mMの濃度である、請求項13に記載の組成物。
- 前記7−デアザ−dGTPが0.05mM〜1.0mMの濃度である、請求項14に記載の組成物。
- 1:2〜2:1の比でdGTPと7−デアザ−dGTPを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 1:2〜1:10の比でdGTPと7−デアザ−dGTPを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 2:1〜10:1の比でdGTPと7−デアザ−dGTPを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- PCR阻害因子遮断剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記PCR阻害因子遮断剤がタンパク質である、請求項20に記載の組成物。
- 前記PCR阻害因子遮断タンパク質が、アルブミン、ゼラチン、及びそれらの組み合わせから選択される、請求項21に記載の組成物。
- ゼラチン及び血清アルブミンを含む、請求項22に記載の組成物。
- 前記ゼラチンが、ウシゼラチン、フィッシュゼラチン、及びそれらの組み合わせから選択される、請求項22に記載の組成物。
- 前記ウシゼラチンが0.01%〜1.0%の濃度であり、かつ/または前記フィッシュゼラチンが0.01%〜1.0%の濃度である、請求項24に記載の組成物。
- 前記血清アルブミンがウシ血清アルブミンである、請求項23に記載の組成物。
- 前記ウシ血清アルブミンが0.05mg/ml〜5mg/mlの濃度である、請求項26に記載の組成物。
- 界面活性剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記界面活性剤が非イオン性界面活性剤である、請求項28に記載の組成物。
- 前記非イオン性界面活性剤が、TRITON X−100(登録商標)、Nonidet P−40、TWEEN 80、Brij 30、Brij 35、及びBrij 58からなる群から選択される、請求項29に記載の組成物。
- 前記界面活性剤が、Tween−20以外の非イオン性界面活性剤である、請求項29に記載の組成物。
- 前記非イオン性界面活性剤が0.005%〜0.1%の濃度である、請求項31に記載の組成物。
- パッシブリファレンスコントロール色素をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記パッシブリファレンスコントロール色素が蛍光色素である、請求項33に記載の組成物。
- 前記蛍光色素がROX色素またはMLUSTANG PURPLE色素である、請求項34に記載の組成物。
- 前記パッシブリファレンス色素が、50nM〜500nMの濃度である、請求項35に記載の組成物。
- dATP、dGTP、dCTP及び/またはdUTPをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 核酸合成反応を実施する方法であって、
(a)前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を、標的特異的プライマーと共に標的ポリヌクレオチドを含む生物学的試料と接触させて反応混合物を形成する工程と、
(b)核酸合成を実施する工程と
を含む、方法。 - 前記核酸合成反応がポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)である、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記核酸合成反応が増幅反応である、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記生物学的試料が溶解物である、請求項38に記載の方法。
- (c)前記増幅産物を用いて前記標的ポリヌクレオチドの遺伝子型を決定する工程をさらに含む、請求項38に記載の方法。
- (c)前記増幅産物を用いて前記標的ポリヌクレオチドのコピー数を決定する工程をさらに含む、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記PCRが、標準的なPCR反応混合物を用いて実施された同等のPCRと比較して、より短い期間で増幅産物を産生する、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記PCRがシンプレックスPCRである、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記PCRがマルチプレックスPCRである、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記溶解物が、1つまたは複数のPCR阻害因子を含む粗溶解物である、請求項41に記載の方法。
- 前記溶解物が、血液、尿、または唾液試料から得られる、請求項41に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が検出工程をさらに含む、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記検出工程が加水分解プローブを利用する、請求項49に記載の方法。
- 前記加水分解プローブがTaqManプローブである、請求項50に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(c)が加水分解プローブの使用を含む、請求項42または43に記載の方法。
- 前記加水分解プローブがTaqManプローブである、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記遺伝子型決定が少なくとも99%正確である、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記コピー数の変動が、標準的な反応混合物または他の市販の組成物を用いて実施される同等の方法と比較して少なくとも10%改善される、請求項43に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の組成物を含むキットであって、前記キットが、少なくとも、第1のプライマー対及び/または第1の標識プローブをさらに含み、前記第1のプライマー対及び前記第1の標識プローブが第1の標的核酸に特異的である、キット。
- 前記キットが、コントロール核酸試料ならびに第2のプライマー対及び/または第2の標識プローブをさらに含み、前記第2のプライマー対及び前記第2の標識プローブが、前記コントロール核酸試料中に存在する第2の標的核酸に特異的である、請求項49に記載のキット。
- 前記標識プローブが加水分解プローブである、請求項53または54に記載のキット。
- 前記加水分解プローブがTaqManプローブである、請求項55に記載のキット。
- 熱安定性DNAポリメラーゼと、
カリウム塩と、
消泡剤と、
dGTPと、
0.05mM〜0.7mMの濃度である、デアザ−dGTPと
を含む、組成物。 - 熱安定性DNAポリメラーゼと、
カリウム塩と、
消泡剤と、
dGTPと、
dGTP濃度対デアザ−dGTP濃度の比が1:2〜2:1である、デアザ−dGTPと
を含む、組成物。 - 熱安定性DNAポリメラーゼと、
カリウム塩と、
消泡剤と、
dGTPと、
dGTP濃度対デアザ−dGTP濃度の比が1:2〜1:10である、デアザ−dGTPと
を含む、組成物。 - 熱安定性DNAポリメラーゼと、
カリウム塩と、
消泡剤と、
dGTPと、
dGTP濃度対デアザ−dGTP濃度の比が2:1〜10:1である、デアザ−dGTPと
を含む、組成物。 - 前記消泡剤がシリコーンを含む、請求項60〜63のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- アルブミン、ゼラチン、またはそれらの組み合わせをさらに含む、請求項60〜63のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- フィッシュゼラチンとウシゼラチンの組み合わせを含む、請求項65に記載の組成物。
- フィッシュゼラチン及びウシ血清アルブミンを含む、請求項65に記載の組成物。
- Tween−20以外の非イオン性界面活性剤をさらに含む、請求項60〜63のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記非イオン性界面活性剤が0.005〜0.05%の濃度である、請求項68に記載の組成物。
- 前記非イオン性界面活性剤が、TRITON X−100(登録商標)、Nonidet P−40、TWEEN 80、Brij 30、Brij 35、またはBrij 58からなる群から選択される、請求項68に記載の組成物。
- パッシブリファレンスコントロール色素をさらに含む、請求項60〜63のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 熱安定性DNAポリメラーゼと、
塩化カリウムと、
シリコーンを含む消泡剤と、
デアザ−dGTPが約0.05mM〜0.7mMの濃度である、dGTP及びデアザ−dGTPと、
Tween−20以外の非イオン性界面活性剤と、
0.01〜0.25%の濃度であるウシゼラチンと、
0.05%〜1.0%の濃度であるフィッシュゼラチンと、
0.05mg/ml〜0.8mg/mlの濃度であるウシ血清アルブミンと
を含む、組成物。 - dGTP濃度対デアザ−dGTP濃度の比が1:2〜2:1である、請求項72に記載の組成物。
- dGTP濃度対デアザ−dGTP濃度の比が約1:1である、請求項72に記載の組成物。
- PCRを実施するための方法であって、
(a)前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を、標的ポリヌクレオチドを含む核酸試料及び標的特異的プライマーと接触させて、反応混合物を形成する工程と、
(b)前記反応混合物にPCRを実施して、増幅産物を形成する工程と
を含む、方法。 - (c)前記増幅産物を用いて前記核酸試料の遺伝子型を決定する工程をさらに含む、請求項75に記載の方法。
- (c)前記増幅産物を用いて前記標的ポリヌクレオチドのコピー数を決定する工程をさらに含む、請求項75に記載の方法。
- 前記PCRの実行時間が、標準的なPCR反応混合物を用いて実施された同等のPCRと比較して減少する、請求項75に記載の方法。
- 前記PCRがシンプレックスPCRである、請求項75に記載の方法。
- 前記PCRがマルチプレックスPCRである、請求項75に記載の方法。
- 前記核酸試料が溶解物である、請求項75に記載の方法。
- 前記溶解物が、血液または口腔細胞に由来する、請求項81に記載の方法。
- 前記核酸試料が唾液、尿、または血清に由来する、請求項75に記載の方法。
- 請求項60〜63のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含むキットであって、DNA標的のPCR増幅及び検出の両方に特異的なプライマー対及び標識プローブをさらに含む、キット。
- 請求項60〜63のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含むキットであって、コントロール核酸試料、及び前記コントロール核酸試料中のDNA標的のPCR増幅に特異的なプライマー対をさらに含む、キット。
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JP2006129807A (ja) * | 2004-11-08 | 2006-05-25 | Japan Health Science Foundation | 高gc含量反復配列増幅用長鎖ポリメラーゼチェインリアクション法およびそれを用いた顔面肩甲上腕型筋ジストロフィ診断法 |
US20120244527A1 (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2012-09-27 | Life Technologies Corporation | Compositions, Kits and Methods for Synthesis and/or Detection of Nucleic Acids |
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WO2017177025A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 |
RU2018135256A (ru) | 2020-05-12 |
CN109072291A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
JP2022084645A (ja) | 2022-06-07 |
CA3017987A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 |
US20210277448A1 (en) | 2021-09-09 |
JP2023123431A (ja) | 2023-09-05 |
RU2757416C2 (ru) | 2021-10-15 |
WO2017177025A9 (en) | 2018-02-22 |
EP3440221A1 (en) | 2019-02-13 |
RU2018135256A3 (ja) | 2021-03-05 |
AU2017248219A1 (en) | 2018-11-01 |
AU2017248219B2 (en) | 2023-09-07 |
AU2023274253A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
US20170292144A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 |
CO2018011856A2 (es) | 2019-02-08 |
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