JP2017538446A - 糖タンパク質のグリカン含量のレベルを操作するためのプロセス - Google Patents
糖タンパク質のグリカン含量のレベルを操作するためのプロセス Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
「細胞培養」または「培養」とは、多細胞生物または組織の外側での細胞の成長及び増殖を意味する。哺乳類細胞での適切な培養条件は、当技術分野で公知である。例えば、Animal cell culture: A Practical Approach, D. Rickwood, ed., Oxford University Press, New York (1992)を参照されたい。哺乳類細胞を、懸濁液中で、または固体基質に結合させたままで培養してよい。
バイオリアクター及び/または細胞培養物に添加する前に培地を滅菌または消毒するための方法またはデバイスを使用して、細胞培養培地を処理することができる。細胞培養培地を、高温短時間(HTST)を使用して処理してよい(例えば、米国特許第7,420,183号を参照されたい)。濾過と組み合わせてUVを使用して、細胞培養培地を処理してもよい(例えば、WIPO公報WO2008/157247;WO2012/115874;WO2013/063298及びWO2013/138159を参照されたい)。細胞培養培地をナノ濾過に掛けてよい(例えば、Liu et al., (2000) Biotechnol. Prog. 16:425−434を参照されたい)。細胞培養培地を、溶媒、界面活性剤、ソラレン、またはベータ−プロピオラクトンなど、ウイルスを不活性化する薬品で処理してよい。
本発明において使用する細胞系(「宿主細胞」とも称される)は、商業的または科学的に重要なポリペプチドを発現するように遺伝子操作されている。細胞系は典型的には、時間無制限で培養において維持することができる一次培養から生じる系列に由来する。細胞は、培養プロセスにおいて発現及び産生するためのタンパク質をコードするコード配列、またはその部分を保持するプラスミドなどの、例えば、形質転換、遺伝子導入、感染、または注射を介して導入された発現ベクター(コンストラクト)を含有することができる。そのような発現ベクターは、挿入されたコード配列の転写及び翻訳のための必須要素を含有する。産生されるタンパク質及びポリペプチド、さらには、適切な転写及び翻訳制御要素をコードする配列を含有する発現ベクターをコンストラクトするために、当業者に周知で、実施されている方法を使用することができる。これらの方法には、in vitro組換えDNA技術、合成技術、及びin vivo遺伝子組み換えが含まれる。そのような技術は、J. Sambrook et al., 2012, Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, 4th edition Cold Spring Harbor Press, Plainview, N.Y. or any of the previous editions; F. M. Ausubel et al., 2013, Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons, New York, N.Y, or any of the previous editions; Kaufman, R.J., Large Scale Mammalian Cell Culture, 1990において記載されており、これらはすべて、あらゆる目的のために本明細書に組み込まれる。
限定ではないが、理解を目的として、タンパク質産生のための細胞培養及び培養の実行には、3種の一般的種類;すなわち、バッチもしくは拡大バッチ培養、供給バッチ培養、潅流培養、またはそれらの組合せが包含され得ることは当業者には分かるであろう。バッチ培養では、細胞を初めに、培地中で培養し、この培地を除去、交換、または補充しない、すなわち、細胞は、培養実行中、またはその終了前に、新鮮な培地を「供給」されない。所望の産物を、培養実行の終了時に採取する。
細胞培養を、動物または哺乳類細胞培養のために従来使用されている培養容器及び/または培養装置を使用して、組換えタンパク質の小規模から大規模生産のための条件下で実施することができる。当業者であれば分かるとおり、組織培養皿、T−フラスコ、及びスピナーフラスコは典型的には、実験室用ベンチの規模で使用される。大規模培養では、これらだけに限定されないが、発酵槽型タンク培養デバイス、エアリフト型培養デバイス、流動床バイオリアクター、中空繊維バイオリアクター、ローラーボトル培養、撹拌タンクバイオリアクターシステム、充填床型培養デバイス、及び1回使用使い捨てバッグ、または当業者に公知の任意の他の適切なデバイスなどの装置を使用することができる。ローラーボトルまたは撹拌タンクバイオリアクターシステムと共に、マイクロ担体を使用してよい。システムは、バッチ、供給バッチ、または潅流/連続モードで操作することができる。加えて、培養装置またはシステムは、フィルター、重力、遠心力などを使用する細胞分離器などの追加の装置を備えていてよい。
本発明の方法に適した細胞培養条件は、細胞のバッチ、供給バッチ、もしくは潅流(連続)培養、またはそれらの任意の組合せのために典型的に使用され、かつ公知であるものであり、pH、溶解酸素(O2)、及び二酸化炭素(CO2)、撹拌及び湿度、ならびに温度に注意が払われる。組換えタンパク質産生中に、細胞を所望の時間にわたって、または所望の密度まで増殖させ、次いで、細胞の生理学的状態を、増殖が制限または停止された高産生状態(その状態では、細胞は、細胞密度を増大させるために有利であるように、エネルギー及び基質を、組換えタンパク質を産生するために使用する)にスイッチさせる制御システムを有することが望ましい。商業的規模の細胞培養及び生物学的治療薬の製造では、細胞増殖を制限または停止することができること、及び産生相中に、増殖が制限または停止された状態に細胞を維持することができることが、非常に望ましい。そのような方法には、例えば、温度シフト、タンパク質産生の化学的誘導因子の使用、栄養素制限または飢餓、及び細胞周期阻害物質が単独で、または組み合わせで包含される。
発現される組換えタンパク質は、培養培地中に分泌され得、そこから、回収及び/または収集することができる。次いで、組換えタンパク質を、採取、精製、内毒素及び/もしくはウイルス不活性化/濾過、ならびに/または限外濾過/透析濾過を包含する1種または複数種のプロセシングステップに掛けてよい。
組換えタンパク質の特徴及び産生プロセスを定量的に、かつ/または定性的にモニターするために、細胞培養及び精製プロセス中に採取したサンプルをモニター及び評価するプロセス分析技術及び方法を利用することができる。必要に応じてプロセスを適時に決定及び変更するために、このリアルタイムまたはインライン情報を使用して、力価、細胞密度などの産物及び産生パラメーター;翻訳後修飾などの産物の品質特性;不純物などの産物またはプロセス変動性などをモニター及び/または制御することができる。
本明細書において使用される場合、「ペプチド」、「ポリペプチド」、及び「タンパク質」は、本明細書を通じて互換的に使用され、ペプチド結合によって相互に結合している2つ以上のアミノ酸残基を含む分子を指す。ペプチド、ポリペプチド、及びタンパク質はまた、これらだけに限定されないが、糖タンパク質をもたらすグリコシル化、脂質結合、硫酸化、グルタミン酸残基のガンマ−カルボキシル化、ヒドロキシル化、及びADP−リボシル化を包含する修飾を包含する。
0日目に、組換え抗TNFα抗体を発現するCHO細胞を9.0×106生細胞/mLで、無血清の化学的に定義された基礎培地1500mlの作業容積で3Lバイオリアクター(Applikon、Foster City、CA)に接種した。培養物を36℃、30mmHgでのDO、400RPMでの撹拌で維持した。細胞培養をバッチモードで開始し、潅流を、30kDa NFWC GE RTP Hollow Fiber Cartridge(GE Healthcare、Pittsburg、PA)を備えたATF−2(商標)交互接線流濾過システム(Refine Technologies、Hanover、NJ)を使用して3日目に開始した。培地は、硫酸マンガン一水和物及び硫酸銅五水和物を包含し、表1に記載するとおりのpHの無血清の化学的に規定された潅流培地であった。実験を2連で実行した。
潅流培地中の銅及びマンガンの濃度は、細胞培養性能または生産性に影響を及ぼさなかった。pHは、細胞増殖または生産性に影響を及ぼさず、pH6.85は、最終生存率を約10%低下させた(p<0.001)、図1〜4。
pHは、高マンノースレベルに対して有意な作用を有した唯一の因子であった。pHが上昇するにつれて、高マンノースのレベルも上昇した。表2を参照されたい。
マンガンの添加は、β−ガラクトシル化を増強した。マンガンの濃度が高くなるほど、β−ガラクトシル化のパーセンテージは高くなった。pHも、β−ガラクトシル化に対して統計的に有意な作用を有した。pHの上昇は、β−ガラクトシル化を増大させたが、マンガンを添加した場合の上昇と比較すると、低い規模であった。図5を参照されたい。β−ガラクトシル化に対する銅の作用は、些少であった。
銅、マンガン、及びpHはすべて、アフコシル化レベルに対して統計的に有意な影響を有した。銅及びマンガンの濃度が高いほど、かつpHが高いほど、アフコシル化のレベルは高かった。図6を参照されたい。
Claims (28)
- 組換えタンパク質におけるフコシル化グリカン含量を操作するための方法であって、
バイオリアクターに、組換えタンパク質を発現する宿主細胞を接種すること、
前記宿主細胞を、無血清の化学的に規定された細胞培養培地中で培養すること、ここで、前記細胞培養培地は、pH7.0で銅10〜100ppb及びマンガン50〜1000nMを包含する、
前記宿主細胞によって産生された組換えタンパク質を採取すること、ここで、前記組換えタンパク質におけるアフコシル化グリカンのレベルが、より低いpHの同じ細胞培養培地中で得られたアフコシル化グリカンレベルと比較して、上昇している
を含む、前記方法。 - 前記組換えタンパク質におけるβ−ガラクトシル化のレベルの上昇をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記銅の濃度が100ppbである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記マンガンの濃度が1000nMである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記フコシル化グリカン含量を、前記組換えタンパク質のエフェクター機能に影響を及ぼすように操作する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 温度シフトをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記温度シフトが36℃から31℃への変化である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記温度シフトを増殖相と産生相との間の移行期に行う、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記温度シフトを前記産生相中に行う、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記組換えタンパク質を発現する宿主細胞を、バッチ培養、供給バッチ培養、潅流培養、またはそれらの組合せにおいて培養する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記培養が潅流培養である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 潅流が連続潅流を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 潅流速度が一定である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記潅流を1日当たり1.0作業容積以下の速度で行う、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記潅流を交互接線流によって達成する、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記バイオリアクターが少なくとも500Lの容量を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記バイオリアクターが少なくとも500L〜2000Lの容量を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記バイオリアクターが少なくとも1000L〜2000Lの容量を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記バイオリアクターに、少なくとも0.5×106細胞/mLを接種する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記無血清の化学的に規定された細胞培養培地が、潅流細胞培養培地である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記宿主細胞が哺乳類細胞である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記宿主細胞がチャイニーズハムスター卵巣(CHO)細胞である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組換えタンパク質が糖タンパク質である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組換えタンパク質が、ヒト抗体、ヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体、組換え融合タンパク質、またはサイトカインからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記宿主細胞によって産生された組換えタンパク質が、精製され、薬学的に許容される製剤に製剤化される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法によって生産された組換えタンパク質。
- 精製されている、請求項26に記載の組換えタンパク質。
- 薬学的に許容される製剤に製剤化された、請求項26に記載の組換えタンパク質。
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