JP2015130523A - 半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
図2は、一般的なIGBTの構造を模式的に示す断面図である。図2(a)には、一般的な従来のプロトン照射法により形成したn型FS(フィールドストップ)層3を有するIGBTの概略断面図を示す。図2(b)には、周知の広がり抵抗測定(SR)法で測定したn型FS層3の不純物濃度プロファイルを示す。ただし、IGBTを例に説明する本発明にかかる半導体装置の概略断面図についても、図2(a)と同様の層構造となる。このため、本発明にかかる半導体装置の説明においても図2(a)を断面図として用いる。本発明にかかる半導体装置の製造方法によって製造されるIGBTが従来方法によって製造されるIGBTと異なる点は、図2(b)に示すn型FS層3の不純物濃度プロファイルである。本発明にかかるIGBTのn型FS層3の不純物濃度プロファイルについては後述する。
図5は、実施の形態2にかかる半導体装置のn型FS層の不純物濃度プロファイルを示す特性図である。実施の形態2にかかる半導体装置の製造方法が実施の形態1にかかる半導体装置の製造方法と異なる点は、ディスオーダー17を無くすまたはディスオーダー17の度合いを小さくするための複数回のプロトン照射を、ディスオーダー17の領域中の基板裏面から深い位置側から浅い位置側へ向かって順に行う点である。
図6は、実施の形態3にかかる半導体装置のn型FS層の不純物濃度プロファイルを示す特性図である。実施の形態3にかかる半導体装置の製造方法が実施の形態1にかかる半導体装置の製造方法と異なる点は、ディスオーダー27を無くすまたはディスオーダー27の度合いを小さくするための複数回のプロトン照射を、ディスオーダー27の領域中の基板裏面から浅い位置側から深い位置側へ向かって順に行う点である。
1段目のプロトンピーク位置の好ましい位置について、以下に説明する。図11は、IGBTのターンオフ時の発振波形である。コレクタ電流が定格電流の1/10以下の場合、蓄積キャリアが少ないために、ターンオフが終わる手前で発振することがある。コレクタ電流をある値に固定して、異なる電源電圧VCCにてIGBTをターンオフさせる。このとき、VCCがある所定の値を超えると、コレクタ・エミッタ間電圧波形において、通常のオーバーシュート電圧のピーク値を超えた後に、付加的なオーバーシュートが発生するようになる。そして、この付加的なオーバーシュート(電圧)がトリガーとなり、以降の波形が振動する。VCCがこの所定の値をさらに超えると、付加的なオーバーシュート電圧がさらに増加し、以降の振動の振幅も増加する。このように、電圧波形が振動を始める閾値電圧を発振開始閾値VRROと呼ぶ。このVRROが高ければ高いほど、IGBTはターンオフ時に発振しないことを示すので、好ましい。
(プロトンピーク位置)との関係は、以下のように考えればよい。加速エネルギーの算出値Eに対して、実際の加速エネルギーE’がE±5%程度の範囲にあれば、実際の飛程R
p’も所望のRpに対して±5%程度の範囲に収まり、測定誤差の範囲内となる。そのた
め、実際の平均飛程Rp’のRpからのバラつきが、IGBTの電気的特性へ与える影響
は、無視できる程度に十分小さい。よって、実際の加速エネルギーE’が算出値E±5%
の範囲にあれば、実際の平均飛程Rp’は実質的に設定どおりのRpであると判断するこ
とができる。実際の加速器では、加速エネルギーEと飛程Rpはいずれも上記の範囲(±5%)に収まり得るので、E’とRp’は、所望のRpと算出値Eで表される上述のフィ
ッティング式に従っていると考えて、全く差支えない。
2 n+エミッタ層
3 n型FS層
4 pコレクタ層
6a,16a,26a 1段目
6b,16b,26b 2段目
6c,16c,26c 3段目
6d,26d 4段目
7 ディスオーダー
10 IGBT
Claims (20)
- n型半導体基板の一方の主面側に設けられた耐圧保持用pn接合と、
前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面側の内部に設けられ、かつ前記n型半導体基板よりも低抵抗な、前記耐圧保持用pn接合からの空乏層の広がりを抑えるためのn型フィールドストップ層と、
を備え、
前記n型フィールドストップ層は、前記n型半導体基板の深さ方向の異なる位置に複数の不純物濃度ピークを有する不純物濃度分布をなし、
複数の前記不純物濃度ピークのうち、最も前記n型半導体基板の一方の主面側の前記不純物濃度ピークは、前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面から15μm以上の深さに位置し、
前記n型フィールドストップ層の前記不純物濃度ピークの位置と前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面との距離は、当該不純物濃度ピークの位置と当該不純物濃度ピークの前記n型半導体基板の一方の主面側に隣り合う前記不純物濃度ピークの位置との距離よりも大きいことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 複数の前記不純物濃度ピークのうち、最も前記n型半導体基板の一方の主面側の第1不純物濃度ピークと、前記第1不純物濃度ピークの前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面側に隣り合う第2不純物濃度ピークとの距離は、前記第2不純物濃度ピークの位置と前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面との距離よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記n型フィールドストップ層は、前記第1不純物濃度ピークと前記第2不純物濃度ピークとの間に第3不純物濃度ピークを有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記n型フィールドストップ層は、前記第2不純物濃度ピークと前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面との間に第4不純物濃度ピークを有し、
前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面と前記第4不純物濃度ピークの位置との距離は、前記第2不純物濃度ピークの位置と前記第4不純物濃度ピークの位置との距離よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項2または3に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記不純物濃度ピークは、3つ以上存在することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置。
- 複数の前記不純物濃度ピークのうち、最も前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面側の前記不純物濃度ピークは、前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面から6μm以上15μm以下の深さに位置することを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記n型フィールドストップ層は、プロトン照射により前記n型半導体基板の内部に形成された結晶欠陥がドナー化されてなる領域であることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記n型フィールドストップ層は、前記不純物濃度ピークとなる第1箇所と、前記第1箇所から前記n型半導体基板の両主面側に向かって低下する濃度勾配をもつ第2箇所とからなる前記不純物濃度分布を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記距離Xは、W0−1.3L≦X≦W0−0.8Lを満たすことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記距離Xは、W0−1.2L≦X≦W0−0.9Lを満たすことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の半導体装置。
- n型半導体基板の一方の主面側に設けられた耐圧保持用pn接合と、前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面側の内部に設けられ、かつ前記n型半導体基板よりも低抵抗な、前記耐圧保持用pn接合からの空乏層の広がりを抑えるためのn型フィールドストップ層と、を備えた半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面から複数回のプロトン照射を繰り返し行い、前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面側の内部に前記n型フィールドストップ層を形成するプロトン照射工程を含み、
前記プロトン照射の飛程は、当該プロトン照射の飛程と、当該プロトン照射により形成される不純物濃度ピークに対して前記n型半導体基板の一方の主面側に隣り合う不純物濃度ピークを形成する前記プロトン照射の飛程との差分よりも長く、
複数回の前記プロトン照射のうちの第1プロトン照射によって、前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面から15μm以上の深さに、最も前記n型半導体基板の一方の主面側に位置する第1不純物濃度ピークが形成されることを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第1プロトン照射の飛程と、前記第1不純物濃度ピークの前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面側に隣り合う第2不純物濃度ピークを形成する第2プロトン照射の飛程との差分は、前記第2プロトン照射の飛程よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項12に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1不純物濃度ピークの形成によって最もキャリア濃度が低くなった位置から前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面までの距離と前記第2プロトン照射の飛程との差分は、前記第2プロトン照射の飛程よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1不純物濃度ピークの形成によって最もキャリア濃度が低くなった位置付近に、前記第2プロトン照射によって前記第2不純物濃度ピークを形成することを特徴とする請求項13または14に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1不純物濃度ピークおよび前記第2不純物濃度ピークの形成によって前記第1不純物濃度ピークと前記第2不純物濃度ピークとの間に残った最もキャリア濃度が低い位置に、第3プロトン照射によって第3不純物濃度ピークを形成することを特徴とする請求項13〜15のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第2プロトン照射よりも飛程の小さい第4プロトン照射によって、前記n型半導体基板の他方の主面との距離が前記第2不純物濃度ピークの位置との距離よりも小さくなるように第4不純物濃度ピークを形成することを特徴とする請求項13〜16のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記プロトン照射は、3回以上行うことを特徴とする請求項12〜17のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記プロトン照射の飛程が、当該プロトン照射の飛程と、当該プロトン照射により形成される不純物濃度ピークに対して前記n型半導体基板の一方の主面側に隣り合う不純物濃度ピークを形成する前記プロトン照射の飛程との差分よりも長くなるように、前記プロトン照射の加速エネルギーを設定することを特徴とする請求項12〜18のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記プロトン照射工程では、前記プロトン照射を繰り返す毎に、前回の前記プロトン照射で残されたディスオーダーによる移動度低下を補償するように次回の前記プロトン照射を行うことを特徴とする請求項12〜19のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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JPWO2013089256A1 (ja) | 2015-04-27 |
EP2793266A4 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
US10199453B2 (en) | 2019-02-05 |
EP2793266A1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
WO2013089256A1 (ja) | 2013-06-20 |
CN103946983B (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
US20190181221A1 (en) | 2019-06-13 |
US20140246750A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
EP2793266B1 (en) | 2020-11-11 |
CN107195677A (zh) | 2017-09-22 |
US20180331176A1 (en) | 2018-11-15 |
JP6172184B2 (ja) | 2017-08-02 |
US20160268366A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
KR20160122864A (ko) | 2016-10-24 |
US9722016B2 (en) | 2017-08-01 |
US9368577B2 (en) | 2016-06-14 |
CN103946983A (zh) | 2014-07-23 |
KR20140101733A (ko) | 2014-08-20 |
KR101825500B1 (ko) | 2018-02-05 |
CN107195677B (zh) | 2021-02-05 |
US10651269B2 (en) | 2020-05-12 |
US10056449B2 (en) | 2018-08-21 |
US20170345888A1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
JP5741712B2 (ja) | 2015-07-01 |
KR101702942B1 (ko) | 2017-02-06 |
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