JP2014500885A - Katii阻害剤 - Google Patents
Katii阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014500885A JP2014500885A JP2013541447A JP2013541447A JP2014500885A JP 2014500885 A JP2014500885 A JP 2014500885A JP 2013541447 A JP2013541447 A JP 2013541447A JP 2013541447 A JP2013541447 A JP 2013541447A JP 2014500885 A JP2014500885 A JP 2014500885A
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- 210000004291 uterus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003871 white petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000607 ziprasidone Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
以下では本発明の化合物と呼ぶ式I、式II、または式IIIの化合物に不斉中心が存在する場合、化合物は、光学異性体(鏡像異性体)の形で存在する場合がある。一実施形態では、本発明は、本発明の化合物のラセミ混合物を含めて、鏡像異性体および混合物を含む。別の実施形態では、2箇所以上の不斉中心を含んでいる本発明の化合物について、本発明は、ジアステレオ異性体形態(個々のジアステレオ異性体およびその混合物)の化合物を含む。
本発明は、互変異性体形態の本発明の化合物を含む。構造異性体が、低いエネルギー障壁で相互変換可能である場合、互変異性体の異性(「互変異性体」)が生じ得る。互変異性は、たとえばイミノ、ケト、もしくはオキシム基を含んでいる本発明の化合物ではプロトン互変異性、または芳香族部分を含んでいる化合物ではいわゆる原子価互変異性体の形をとり得る。これは、単一の化合物が1種類に留まらない異性を示す場合もあるということである。固体形態および液体形態での互変異性体の様々な比率は、分子上の様々な置換基、ならびに化合物の単離に使用される特定の結晶化技術に応じて決まる。
本発明の化合物は、無機酸または有機酸から得られる塩の形で使用することもできる。特定の化合物によりけりであるが、化合物の塩は、塩の1つまたは複数の物理的性質、たとえば、異なる温度および湿度における薬学的安定性が向上していることや、水または油への望ましい溶解性のために有利な場合がある。ある例では、化合物の塩を、化合物の単離、精製、および/または分割の補助手段として使用する場合もある。
本発明は、1個または複数の原子が、原子質量または質量数が自然界で通常見られる原子質量または質量数と異なっている原子で置き換えられていること以外は、本発明の化合物として列挙した化合物と同一である、同位体標識された化合物も包含する。本発明の化合物に組み込むことのできる同位体の例としては、2H、3H、13C、11C、14C、15N、18O、17O、32P、35S、18F、36Clなどの、それぞれ水素、炭素、窒素、酸素、リン、硫黄、フッ素、および塩素の同位体が挙げられる。前述の同位体および/または他の原子の他の同位体を含んでいる本発明の化合物、そのプロドラッグ、ならびに前記化合物または前記プロドラッグの薬学的に許容できる塩は、本発明の範囲内にある。本発明の特定の同位体標識された化合物、たとえば、3Hや14Cなどの放射性同位体が組み込まれている化合物は、薬物および/または基質組織分布アッセイにおいて有用である。トリチウム(tritiated)、すなわち3H、およびカーボン14、すなわち14C同位体は、調製しやすく、検出可能であるので、特に好ましい。さらに、ジュウテリウム、すなわち2Hなどのより重い同位体での置換は、代謝安定性がより高いために生じる特定の治療上の優位性、たとえば、in vivo半減期の延長または投与必要量の減少をもたらす場合があり、したがって、状況によっては好ましい場合もある。本発明の同位体標識された化合物およびそのプロドラッグは、スキームおよび/または以下の実施例および調製例で開示する手順を、同位体標識されていない試薬の代わりに容易に入手可能な同位体標識された試薬を用いて実施することによって一般に調製できる。
(i)式I、IA、IB、II、IIA、IIB、III、IIIA、またはIIIBの化合物がカルボン酸官能基を含んでいる場合、カルボン酸官能基が、式I、IA、IB、II、IIA、IIB、III、IIIA、またはIIIBの化合物上で適切に代謝不安定性の基(エステル、カルバメートなど)に機能化され、
(ii)式I、IA、IB、II、IIA、IIB、III、IIIA、またはIIIBの化合物がアルコール官能基を含んでいる場合、アルコール官能基が、式I、IA、IB、II、IIA、IIB、III、IIIA、またはIIIBの化合物上で適切に代謝不安定性の基(エステル、カーボネート、カルバメート、アセタール、ケタールなど)に機能化され、
(iii)式I、IA、IB、II、IIA、IIB、III、IIIA、またはIIIBの化合物が第一級もしくは第二級アミノ官能基またはアミドを含んでいる場合、そうした基が、式I、IA、IB、II、IIA、IIB、III、IIIA、またはIIIBの化合物上で適切に代謝不安定性の基、たとえば、加水分解基(アミド、カルバメート、尿素、ホスホネート、スルホネートなど)に機能化される。
通常、本発明の化合物は、本明細書に記載の状態の治療に有効な量で投与する。本発明の化合物は、適切な経路によって、その経路に適合させた医薬組成物の形で、目的の治療に有効な用量を投与する。医学的状態の進行に対する処置に必要となる、化合物の治療上有効な用量は、医学分野でよく知られている前臨床および臨床の手法を使用して、当業者の手で容易に突き止められる。
別の実施形態では、本発明は、本明細書で列挙した状態を治療する医薬を調製するための、1種または複数の本発明の化合物の使用を含む。
本明細書中で言及した状態を治療するために、本発明の化合物は、化合物それ自体として投与することができる。一方、薬学的に許容できる塩は、親化合物よりも水への溶解性が高いので、医学的な適用に適する。
本発明の化合物は、様々な状態または疾患状態の治療において、単独で、または他の治療薬と組み合わせて使用することができる。本発明の(1種または複数の)化合物および他の(1種または複数の)治療薬は、(同じ剤形または別々の剤形のいずれかで)同時に、または順次投与することができる。例となる治療薬は、たとえば、代謝型グルタミン酸受容体作動薬でよい。
本発明は、上述の治療方法を実施する際に使用するのに適するキットもさらに含む。一実施形態では、キットは、本発明の化合物の1種または複数を含む第一の剤形と、その剤形の容器とを、本発明の方法を実施するのに十分な量で含んでいる。
別の実施形態では、本発明は、本発明の化合物を調製するのに有用な新規な中間体に関する。
以下の実施例により、本発明を例示する。しかし、本発明は、本明細書において十分に説明され、特許請求の範囲において列挙されるため、以下の実施例の細目によって限定されないものと理解されたい。
ブライン: 飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液
EtOAc: 酢酸エチル
min: 分
psi: 重量ポンド毎平方インチ
RT: 室温
実験は、特に、酸素または水分に敏感な試薬または中間体を用いた場合では、一般に、不活性雰囲気(窒素またはアルゴン)中で実施した。市販の溶媒および試薬は、一般に、適切な場合では無水溶媒を含めて(一般に、Aldrich Chemical Company(ウィスコンシン州ミルウォーキー)のSure−Seal(商標)製品)、それ以上精製せずに使用した。生成物は、その先の反応に持ち込み、または生物学的試験にかける前に、一般に真空乾燥した。質量分析データは、液体クロマトグラフィー−質量分析(LCMS)、大気圧化学イオン化(APCI)、またはガスクロマトグラフィー−質量分析(GCMS)のいずれかの計測から報告する。核磁気共鳴(NMR)データの化学シフトは、用いた重水素化溶媒を差し引いたピークを参考にした百万分率(ppm、δ)で表示する。
(3S)−3−アミノ−1−ヒドロキシ−2−オキソ−1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロキノリン−7−カルボニトリル、HCl塩(1)
NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 1.34 (s, 9H), 3.25
(dd, J=13.4, 8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.65 (dd, J=13.4, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.75 (s, 3H),
4.63-4.72 (m, 1H), 5.24 (br d, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (br
d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 8.26 (br s, 1H).
δ1.41 (s, 9H), 3.06-3.15 (m, 2H), 4.28-4.37 (m, 1H),
7.30 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.43-7.49 (m, 3H), 10.76 (s, 1H).
δ3.21 (dd, J=15.2, 14.6 Hz, 1H), 3.33 (dd, J=15.6, 6.5
Hz, 1H, 推定; 溶媒ピークにより一部不明確),
4.47 (dd, J=14.5, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 7.56-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.59-7.60 (m, 1H), 8.75 (br
s, 3H), 11.16 (br s, 1H). HPLC保持時間:1.347分(カラム:Waters Atlantis T3、3.0×75mm、3μm、移動相A:0.05%のトリフルオロ酢酸水溶液、移動相B:0.05%のトリフルオロ酢酸アセトニトリル溶液、勾配:10分かけて5%〜95%のB、流量:1.2mL/分)。
(3S)−3−アミノ−1−ヒドロキシ−7−[(1S)−2−メトキシ−1−メチルエトキシ]−3,4−ジヒドロキノリン−2(1H)−オン、HCl塩(2)
δ6.95 (dd, J=8.8, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d, J=2.9 Hz, 1H),
7.57 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H).
δ1.11 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 18H), 1.22-1.33 (m, 3H), 6.95 (dd,
J=8.8, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (d, J=2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H).
δ1.10 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 18H), 1.23-1.31 (m, 3H), 1.37 (s,
9H), 3.19 (dd, J=13.5, 8.2 Hz, 1H), 3.41 (dd, J=13.7, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 3.71 (s,
3H), 4.56-4.66 (m, 1H), 5.18 (br d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (dd, J=8.4, 2.6 Hz, 1H),
7.21 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.43-7.47 (m, 1H).
(M-1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ1.35
(s, 9H), 2.99 (dd, J=13.7, 9.6 Hz, 1H), 3.43 (dd, J=13.7, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 3.69 (s,
3H), 4.46-4.53 (m, 1H), 6.98-7.0 (m, 1H), 7.01 (dd, J=8.4, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.21
(d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H).
1H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.44 (dd, J=13.7, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.51 (dd, ABXパターンの半分, J=10.3, 4.0 Hz, 1H), 3.58 (dd, ABXパターンの半分,
J=10.3, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 4.54-4.66 (m, 2H), 5.19 (br d, J=8.4 Hz,
1H), 7.12 (dd, J=8.6, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.53 (m, 1H).
δ1.32 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 3H), 1.47 (s, 9H), 2.79 (br dd,
J=14, 14 Hz, 1H), 3.26-3.38 (br m, 1H), 3.43 (s, 3H), 3.50 (dd, ABXパターンの半分, J=10.2, 4.2 Hz, 1H), 3.60 (dd, ABXパターンの半分,
J=10.2, 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.41-4.62 (m, 2H), 5.45 (br d, J=5 Hz, 1H), 6.64 (dd,
J=8.3, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 8.79 (br s,
1H).
(400 MHz, D2O) δ1.21 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 3H), 3.12
(dd, ABXパターンの半分, J=14.5, 14.5 Hz, 1H), 3.24 (dd, ABXパターンの半分, J=14.8, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 3.35 (s, 3H), 3.57 (dd, ABXパターンの半分, J=11.1, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 3.61 (dd, ABXパターンの半分,
J=11.1, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 4.37 (dd, J=14.5, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 4.63-4.71 (m, 1H), 6.76
(dd, J=8.4, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H).
(3S)−3−アミノ−1−ヒドロキシ−7−(2−メトキシエトキシ)−3,4−ジヒドロキノリン−2(1H)−オン、HCl塩(3)
δ1.38 (s, 9H), 3.20 (dd, J=13.7, 8.2 Hz, 1H), 3.41-3.47
(m, 1H), 3.46 (s, 3H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 3.76-3.79 (m, 2H), 4.15-4.19 (m, 2H),
4.58-4.67 (m, 1H), 5.17 (br d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (dd, J=8.6, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.27
(d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.54 (m, 1H).
δ1.45 (s, 9H), 2.79 (br dd, J=14, 14 Hz, 1H), 3.25-3.36
(br m, 1H), 3.47 (s, 3H), 3.74-3.78 (m, 2H), 4.11-4.16 (m, 2H), 4.41-4.51 (br
m, 1H), 5.48 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (dd, J=8.3, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (d, J=2.4
Hz, 1H), 7.06 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 9.10 (br s, 1H).
(400 MHz, D2O) δ3.10 (br dd, ABXパターンの半分, J=14.7, 14.7 Hz, 1H), 3.22 (br dd, ABXパターンの半分, J=15, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.74-3.79 (m, 2H), 4.13-4.18 (m,
2H), 4.31-4.38 (m, 1H), 6.73 (dd, J=8.4, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H),
7.21 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H).
(3S)−3−アミノ−1−ヒドロキシ−3,4−ジヒドロキノリン−2(1H)−オン(4)
(dd, J=13.6, 6.1 Hz, 1H,) 7.06 (ddd, J=7.2, 7.2, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (br d, J=7.5
Hz, 1H), 7.27-7.34 (m, 2H).
(3S)−3−アミノ−1−ヒドロキシ−7−イソプロポキシ−3,4−ジヒドロキノリン−2(1H)−オン、HCl塩(5)
δ1.34 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 1.38 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 6H), 4.34 (q,
J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 4.64 (七重線, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (dd,
J=8.7, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H).
δ1.40 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 6H), 4.67 (七重線, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (dd, J=8.8, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (d, J=2.4 Hz,
1H), 7.94 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H).
(400 MHz, CDCl3) δ1.38 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 6H),
2.59 (br t, J=6 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (七重線, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.85
(br d, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 7.16 (dd, J=8.5, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (br d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H),
7.59 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H).
δ1.38 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 6H), 4.62 (七重線, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.80 (s, 2H), 7.09 (dd, J=8.5, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.44
(d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H).
δ1.33 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 3H), 1.34 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 3H), 1.44
(s, 9H), 3.32 (dd, J=13.5, 9.2 Hz, 1H), 3.61 (dd, J=13.6, 4.1 Hz, 1H), 4.30
(dd, J=9.2, 4.1 Hz, 1H), 4.55 (七重線, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.67
(br d, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 6.96 (dd, J=8.5, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.24-7.40 (m, 8H),
7.57-7.60 (m, 2H).
(400 MHz, CD3OD), 特徴的ピーク: δ1.35 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 6H), 3.57 (dd, J=14.1, 7.0 Hz, 1H), 4.29 (dd,
J=7.8, 7.1 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (七重線, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (dd,
J=8.5, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H).
(400 MHz, CDCl3) δ1.33 (d, J=6 Hz, 6H), 1.47
(s, 9H), 1.56 (s, 9H), 2.81-2.95 (m, 1H), 3.32-3.44 (m, 1H), 4.46-4.57 (m, 2H),
5.55 (br s, 1H), 6.60 (d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (s, 1H).
(400 MHz, CD3OD) δ1.32 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 6H),
3.06 (ddd, J=14.6, 14.6, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 3.19 (dd, J=14.6, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.29 (dd,
J=14.6, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.61 (七重線, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.67
(dd, J=8.3, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (br d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H).
3−アミノ−1−ヒドロキシ−2−オキソ−1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロキノリン−8−カルボニトリル、HCl塩(6)
δ2.28 (s, 3H), 7.53-7.61 (m, 3H), 7.71 (br s, 1H), 8.21
(br s, 1H).
δ2.42 (s, 3H), 7.49-7.56 (m, 2H), 7.61-7.63 (m, 1H).
δ4.60 (s, 2H), 7.67-7.71 (m, 1H), 7.80-7.85 (m, 2H).
δ1.16-1.20 (t, 3H), 3.24 -3.44 (m, 2H), 4.02-4.19 (m,
2H), 4.31-4.37 (m, 1H), 6.59-6.69 (m, 2H), 7.24-7.38 (m, 6H), 7.39-7.42 (m,
1H), 7.49-7.51 (d, 2H), 7.56-7.71 (m, 2H).
δ1.39-1.40 (m, 9H), 1.49-1.55 (m, 9H), 2.87-2.98 (br m,
1H), 3.30-3.51 (br m, 1H), 4.40-4.60 (br m, 1H), 5.55 (br m, 1H), 7.09-7.14 (m,
1H), 7.37-7.39 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.54 (d, 1H).
δ1.39 (s, 9H), 2.82-2.89 (m, 1H), 3.30-3.38 (br m, 1H),
4.44-4.47 (br m, 1H), 5.43 (m, 1H), 7.05-7.12 (m, 1H), 7.34-7.36 (d, 1H),
7.54-7.56 (d, 1H).
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ3.16 (dd, J=15, 15 Hz,
1H), 3.27 (dd, J=15, 6 Hz, 1H), 4.47 (dd, J=14.6, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (dd, J=7.6,
7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 8.76 (br s, 3H),
11.5 (v br s, 1H).
L−キヌレニン(KYN)基質がヒトKAT II(hKAT II)酵素によってKYNAに変換されるにつれて、370nmでの吸光度(OD370)が低下することに基づき、キヌレン酸(KYNA)の生成を間接的に評価する。したがって、阻害剤は、OD370の低下を阻害することになる。
・10μLの3倍濃縮化合物、
・10μLの3倍濃縮基質ミックス(BGG(Sigma G−5009)、3mMのL−キヌレニンを含有する150mMのTris Acetate(Sigma K3750)、3mMのα−ケトグルタル酸を含有する150mMのTris Acetate(Sigma K2010)、および210μMのピリドキサール5−リン酸(PLP)を含有する150mMのTris Acetate(Sigma 9255)、ならびに
・10μLの3倍濃縮酵素(ウシ血清0.3%を加えた15nMの酵素を含有する150mMのTris Acetate))。
試験化合物を100%DMSOに溶解させ、100%DMSOで所要の濃度に希釈した。化合物の3倍最終濃度において、アッセイ専用緩衝液中のDMSOが1.0%となるように、さらに水で希釈した。化合物は、11の濃度で試験した。アッセイプレートにおける最終DMSO濃度は、0.33%に等しかった。
吸光波長370nmにおけるL−KYN基質の吸光度の減少を測定することにより、KATII酵素活性を追跡した。KATIIアッセイは、384ウェルフォーマットにおいて、最終体積を30μLとし、150mMのTris Acetate緩衝液(pH7.0)、1mMのL−KYN、1mMのα−ケトグルタル酸、70μMのPLP、0.1%のBGG、および30nMのヒトKATII酵素または5nMのラットKATII酵素のどちらかを使用して進めた。化合物を100%DMSOに希釈し、スポットしてから、他の試薬を加えた。酵素は常に最後に加えた。アッセイプレートを、テープで縁に沿って密封し、SpectraMaxプレートリーダーにおいて吸光波長370nmで直ちに読み取った。SpectraMaxプレートリーダーは、16時間にわたり5分毎に読み取るように設定した。
1.化合物希釈物(化合物の調製において上述している)の10μLアリコートを、手作業でアッセイプレートに加えた後、すばやくスピンさせて、化合物がウェルの底に確実に集まるようした。
2.次いで、L−KYN、α−ケトグルタル酸、およびPLPを含有する基質ミックスの10μLアリコートを、Multidrop機器でアッセイプレートに加えた。
3.最終的に、3倍濃度の酵素原液の10μLアリコートをMultidrop機器で最後に加えて、反応を開始した。
4.マイクロプレートのふたをアッセイプレートに被せ、テープを貼って湿気を閉じ込め、アッセイプレートをSpectraMaxリーダーに挿入した。プレートの台の上ですばやく振動させて、確実に混合し、吸光度を室温において16時間にわたり5分毎に読み取った(波長370nm)。
上述の直接基質吸光度減少アッセイを実施して、効力(kinact/KI値)を求めた。M.Mileniら、Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 2008、105 12820〜12824およびK.Ahnら、Chem.Biol.2009、16、411〜420に記載の一般手法を使用して、全効力、すなわちkinact/KI値を求めた。最高用量を1mMとし、2倍ずつ希釈して1nMとする11段階の濃度の阻害剤の存在下で、反応進行曲線(経時的なA370nmの減少)を取得した。無阻害剤対照を常に含める。吸光度読み取りデータは、16時間にわたり5分間隔で集めた。データ分析は、Windows用GraphPad Prismバージョン5.01、GraphPad Software、米国カリフォルニア州サンディエゴを使用して行った。各進行曲線を一相指数減衰モデル(等式1)に適合させて、各阻害剤濃度でのk実測(kobs)値を求めたが、ここで、Atは、時間tでの吸光度であり、A0は、t=無限での吸光度であり、A1は、合計吸光度変化(t=0とt=無限大の吸光度差)であり、kobsは、酵素不活化の一次速度定数である。ヒトKATII酵素については、6時間の時間枠(5分〜360分)を使用して、すべての阻害剤濃度でkobs値を導いた。次いで、kobs対[I]曲線を等式2に適合させることにより、阻害剤解離定数(KI)および無限阻害剤濃度での酵素不活化の一次速度定数(kinact)を得た。[I]が<<KIであるとき、等式2は、等式3に簡略化され、kinact/KIは、傾きkinact/[KI(1+[S]/Km)]から算出され、この傾きは、kobs対[I]線形回帰適合から取得される。
表2における代謝産物活性は、Reactive Metabolite assay protocol(J.R.Sogliaら、J.Pharm.Biomed.Anal.2004、36、105〜116を参照されたい)に記載されているような、反応性代謝産物アッセイプロトコールを使用して測定する。
ヒト肝細胞アッセイ(HHEP)は、こうした無処置細胞が、第I相酵素(CYP、アルデヒドオキシダーゼ、MAOなど)および第II相酵素(UDP−グルクロニルトランスフェラーゼやスルホトランスフェラーゼなど)を含めた、in vivoで見出されるすべての肝臓酵素を含んでいることから、肝臓の代謝をモニターするのに使用されるvitro系である。このアッセイの目的は、見かけのin vitro固有クリアランス(CLint、app)に基づき、化合物をランク付けすることである。
a.Invitrogen特注粉末、フェノールレッドなしで292mg/mLのL−グルタミンを補充したもの。使用前に2.2g/LのNaHCO3を加えなければならない。培地に、95/5のO2/CO2(または空気/CO2)の気体を20〜30分間供給する。pHを7.4に調整し、37℃に温める。別法として、インキュベートをCO2インキュベーターで行わない場合、培地への気体供給を省き、HEPESを加えて、最終濃度を37℃の培地中50mMとし、pHを7.4に調整する。次いで培地を濾過滅菌する。
b.Invitrogen特注1倍液、フェノールレッドなしで24mMのNaHCO3および50mMのHEPESを補充したもの。使用前に292mg/mLのL−グルタミンを加えなければならない。培地は、37℃に温める。
c.Invitrogen特注1倍液、24mMのNaHC03を補充した、フェノールレッドなしのもの。使用前に292mg/mLのL−グルタミンを加えなければならない。培地に、95/5のO2/CO2(または空気/CO2)の気体を20〜30分間供給し、pHを7.4に調整する。培地を37℃に温める。
肝細胞インキュベートの際の最終DMSO濃度が0.1%以下となるように、試験化合物ストックをDMSOに希釈する。最終試験化合物濃度は、1μMとする。所要の3つの陽性対照(最初にDMSOに溶解させる)についてのインキュベート濃度:0.1μMのプロプラノロール、1.0μMのミダゾラム、1.0μMのナロキソン。
凍結保存肝細胞を、5ドナーについて複数通りに調製する。バイアルを37〜40℃の水浴において、氷がほとんどすべて融けるまで75〜90秒間解凍する。バイアルの中身をコニカルチューブまたはフラスコに空ける。穏やかに反転させて細胞を再懸濁する。細胞を室温にて50〜90gで5分間遠心分離する。上清を廃棄する。WEMを加え、チューブを穏やかに反転させて、肝細胞を再懸濁する。トリパンブルー色素排除法を使用して、合計細胞カウントおよび生細胞数を求める。細胞ペレットをWEMに再懸濁して、所望の細胞密度を実現してから、細胞をプレートに分注する。
96または384ウェルプレートを使用する。温度は37℃に設定し、CO2インキュベーターは、95/5の空気:CO2、湿度95%に設定する。肝細胞密度は、50万生細胞/mLとする。最小初期肝細胞生存度(TBEに基づく)は、70%とする。初期生存度は、所望であれば、Percoll遠心分離によって増大させることができる。最終インキュベート体積は、96ウェルプレートでは50μL以下とし、384ウェルプレートでは20μL以下とする。インキュベートの際の最終DMSO濃度は、0.1%を超えることはない。
30、60、90、および120分を含む、少なくとも5つのサンプル採取時点を設けなければならないが、240分を超えるべきでない。報告できるデータの判断基準は、in vitro CLintを報告するには、回帰線のr2が0.85以上でなければならないことである。
a.CLint,app=[−傾き/0.5M細胞/mL]・1000μL/mL=μL/分/M細胞
試験物質(実施例2〜3)を、2匹のイヌの群に、経口強制栄養または静脈内投与によって投与した。2匹の雄イヌは、Marshal Farmsから入手したビーグル犬とし、処置開始時の体重は約9〜約12kgであり、年齢は約4才〜約6才の間の範囲であった。
Claims (15)
- 化合物が式IAの化合物である、請求項2に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- 化合物のeeが少なくとも95%である、請求項3に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- 化合物のeeが少なくとも99%である、請求項3に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- 化合物が式IIAの化合物である、請求項6に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- 化合物のeeが少なくとも95%である、請求項7に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- 化合物のeeが少なくとも99%である、請求項7に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- 化合物が式IIIAの化合物である、請求項10に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- 化合物のeeが少なくとも95%である、請求項11に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- 化合物のeeが少なくとも99%である、請求項11に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- 請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩と、薬学的に許容できる担体とを含む医薬組成物。
- 哺乳動物において、急性神経障害および精神障害、卒中、脳虚血、脊髄外傷、認知機能障害、頭部外傷、周産期低酸素症、心停止、低血糖性神経損傷、認知症、アルツハイマー病、ハンチントン舞踏病、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、眼損傷、網膜症、認知障害、特発性および薬物誘発性パーキンソン病、筋痙縮および振戦を含めた筋肉の痙縮と関連する障害、てんかん、けいれん、片頭痛、尿失禁、物質耐性、物質離脱、精神病、統合失調症、統合失調症と関連する陰性症状、自閉症、双極性障害、うつ病、うつ病と関連する認知機能障害、がん治療と関連する認知機能障害、不安、気分障害、炎症性障害、敗血症、硬変、免疫応答回避と関連するがんおよび/または腫瘍、三叉神経痛、失聴、耳鳴、眼の黄斑変性、嘔吐、脳浮腫、疼痛、遅発性ジスキネジア、睡眠障害、注意欠陥/多動性障害、注意欠陥障害、注意および/または認知の欠陥を症状として含む障害、ならびに行為障害からなる群から選択される状態を治療または予防するための医薬を調製する方法であって、哺乳動物に、治療有効量の請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩を投与することを含む方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US41879110P | 2010-12-01 | 2010-12-01 | |
US61/418,791 | 2010-12-01 | ||
US41923210P | 2010-12-02 | 2010-12-02 | |
US61/419,232 | 2010-12-02 | ||
PCT/IB2011/055190 WO2012073146A1 (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2011-11-18 | Kat ii inhibitors |
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JP2014500885A true JP2014500885A (ja) | 2014-01-16 |
JP2014500885A5 JP2014500885A5 (ja) | 2014-12-18 |
JP5868994B2 JP5868994B2 (ja) | 2016-02-24 |
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EP (1) | EP2646417A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5868994B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101522803B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103228631B (ja) |
AR (1) | AR084051A1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2011336217B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2819106C (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1187611A1 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL226668A (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2013005915A (ja) |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2015163339A1 (ja) * | 2014-04-23 | 2015-10-29 | 田辺三菱製薬株式会社 | 新規二環性または三環性複素環化合物 |
WO2017069275A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-04-27 | 田辺三菱製薬株式会社 | 新規二環性複素環化合物 |
Families Citing this family (3)
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WO2013186666A1 (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2013-12-19 | Pfizer Inc. | Tricyclic compounds as kat ii inhibitors |
JP6440625B2 (ja) | 2012-11-14 | 2018-12-19 | ザ・ジョンズ・ホプキンス・ユニバーシティー | 精神分裂病を処置するための方法および組成物 |
CA2986598C (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2023-09-26 | Agenebio, Inc. | Extended release pharmaceutical compositions of levetiracetam |
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JPH0881443A (ja) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-03-26 | Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 細胞外マトリックス金属プロテアーゼ阻害剤 |
WO2009064836A2 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-05-22 | University Of Maryland, Baltimore | Kynurenine-aminotransferase inhibitors |
WO2010146488A1 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2010-12-23 | Pfizer Inc. | Bicyclic and tricyclic compounds as kat ii inhibitors |
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DE4208304A1 (de) * | 1992-03-16 | 1993-09-23 | Merck Patent Gmbh | 2-oxochinolinderivate |
US5594006A (en) * | 1993-03-18 | 1997-01-14 | Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Carbostyril derivatives as matrix metalloproteinases inhibitors |
US20050014786A1 (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-01-20 | Chongqing Sun | Tetrahydroquinoline derivatives as cannabinoid receptor modulators |
WO2012073143A1 (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-07 | Pfizer Inc. | Kat ii inhibitors |
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- 2011-11-18 WO PCT/IB2011/055190 patent/WO2012073146A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2011-11-18 CA CA2819106A patent/CA2819106C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-11-18 CN CN201180057792.0A patent/CN103228631B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-11-18 SG SG2013036314A patent/SG190246A1/en unknown
- 2011-11-30 AR ARP110104458A patent/AR084051A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-11-30 US US13/307,140 patent/US8487104B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2013-05-30 IL IL226668A patent/IL226668A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH0881443A (ja) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-03-26 | Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 細胞外マトリックス金属プロテアーゼ阻害剤 |
WO2009064836A2 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-05-22 | University Of Maryland, Baltimore | Kynurenine-aminotransferase inhibitors |
WO2010146488A1 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2010-12-23 | Pfizer Inc. | Bicyclic and tricyclic compounds as kat ii inhibitors |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015163339A1 (ja) * | 2014-04-23 | 2015-10-29 | 田辺三菱製薬株式会社 | 新規二環性または三環性複素環化合物 |
JPWO2015163339A1 (ja) * | 2014-04-23 | 2017-04-20 | 田辺三菱製薬株式会社 | 新規二環性または三環性複素環化合物 |
WO2017069275A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-04-27 | 田辺三菱製薬株式会社 | 新規二環性複素環化合物 |
Also Published As
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KR101522803B1 (ko) | 2015-05-26 |
MX2013005915A (es) | 2013-07-03 |
HK1187611A1 (en) | 2014-04-11 |
CA2819106A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
US20120142729A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
AU2011336217A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
KR20130098421A (ko) | 2013-09-04 |
AR084051A1 (es) | 2013-04-17 |
EP2646417A1 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
AU2011336217B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
CN103228631B (zh) | 2015-04-29 |
CN103228631A (zh) | 2013-07-31 |
SG190246A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 |
US8487104B2 (en) | 2013-07-16 |
ZA201303412B (en) | 2014-07-30 |
WO2012073146A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
JP5868994B2 (ja) | 2016-02-24 |
CA2819106C (en) | 2015-12-29 |
IL226668A (en) | 2016-07-31 |
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