JP2013046609A - Method for growing crop and agricultural machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for growing a crop of which the root has difficulty in reaching an initial fertilization arrangement position until the crop is grown, in local fertilizer application which is a fertilization method having high utilization efficiency of fertilizer.SOLUTION: The fertilizer is arranged in a position laterally separated from a planting position of the crop, not in a deep part (a position vertically separated from the planting position) immediately under the planting position of the crop.

Description

  The present invention relates to a crop growing method, in particular, a fertilizer application method and an agricultural machine for use in the fertilizer application method.

  In agriculture, fertilizer is applied to maintain and enhance land productivity and promote crop growth. As a fertilizer application method, for example, there is a fertilizer application method such as “full-scale fertilization” in which fertilizer is spread over the entire surface of the field and mixed with soil. In full-scale fertilization, since the fertilizer spreads throughout the field, the fertilizer can be easily applied regardless of the type of crop and the planting position. However, it is difficult to use the fertilizer in the area where the roots of the crops do not reach, and the use efficiency of the fertilizer is not good.

  On the other hand, there is a fertilizer application method called “local fertilization” in which fertilizer is locally applied around the roots of crops. Local fertilization can reduce the fertilizer application rate as a whole by locally increasing the fertilizer concentration and increasing the fertilizer utilization efficiency. By reducing the fertilizer application rate, fertilizer purchase costs can be reduced, and adverse effects such as deterioration of water quality due to runoff of fertilizer not used in crops due to rain or the like can be reduced.

  However, in local fertilization, since the fertilizer concentration is locally high, the fertilizer may cause a concentration disorder in the crop. Concentration disorder means that the root is damaged because the fertilizer concentration is too high. Concentration disturbances can cause crops to grow poorly or die. Therefore, from the viewpoint of avoiding concentration disturbance, in local fertilization, it is necessary to adjust the position of fertilization according to the type of crop, the type of fertilizer, and the like.

  Regarding the adjustment of the fertilization position, “deep layer fertilization”, which applies fertilization to the deep layer immediately below the planting position of the crop, and “two There is a fertilizer application method such as step fertilization. Moreover, there exists a fertilizer application apparatus like patent document 1 as an agricultural machine which performs such a two-stage fertilization.

JP 2001-061319 A

  However, when fertilizing in the deep layer directly below the planting position of the crop, it is necessary to dig up the soil to a sufficient depth in order to place the fertilizer at an appropriate depth. However, digging the soil to a deep position is labor intensive by hand. Moreover, when using an agricultural machine, there is a limit to the depth that can be cultivated. For this reason, it may be difficult to arrange the fertilizer at an appropriate depth.

  Furthermore, when forming a cocoon after fertilizing the deep layer, the fertilization position will differ depending on the height of the cocoon, so it is necessary to form a cocoon with an appropriate height in consideration of the height of the cocoon. is there.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the applicant of the present invention does not apply the fertilizer to a position that is separated horizontally from the planting position of the crop, not the deep layer (position that is vertically separated from the planting position) immediately below the planting position of the crop. A crop growth method and an agricultural machine characterized by arranging them are proposed.

  Specifically, the following crop growth methods and agricultural machines are proposed.

  As a first aspect of the invention, an initial fertilizer is arranged at a position laterally separated from the crop planting position of the growing soil with respect to the crop in the early stage of growth, and at least until the crop grows, the root is the initial fertilizer arrangement position. We propose a method of growing crops that makes it difficult to reach the target.

  As a second invention, the growing soil is cocoon, the initial fertilizer arrangement position is continuous or intermittent two rows on both sides of the cocoon, and the crop planting position of the early growing crop is the cocoon The method for growing a crop according to the first invention, which is substantially the center of the above, is proposed.

  As a third invention, the growing soil is a cocoon, the initial fertilizer placement position is a continuous or intermittent multiple row in both sides of the cocoon, and the crop planting position of the early growing crop is The method for growing a crop according to the first invention, which is a row where the fertilizer is arranged and a substantially center of the row, is proposed.

  As a fourth invention, any one of the first invention to the third invention, wherein the remaining fertilizer or / and a slight amount of fertilizer of the previous crop is included in the growing soil at the crop planting position of the crop in the early growth stage. The crop growth method described in 1. is proposed.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is an agricultural machine for placing fertilizer on the growing soil of a crop, the farm machine having a fertilizer placement section for continuously or intermittently placing the fertilizer in a plurality of rows at predetermined intervals. suggest.

  As 6th invention, the said fertilizer arrangement | positioning part proposes the agricultural machine as described in 5th invention which has an adjustment part which adjusts the said predetermined space | interval.

  As 7th invention, the said control part is described in 6th invention which consists of a fertilizer discharge pipe which drops a fertilizer with respect to growing soil, and the space | interval change mechanism which changes the space | interval of the fertilizer discharge port of a fertilizer discharge pipe. Of agricultural machinery, propose.

  As an eighth aspect of the invention, the adjustment unit is configured to separate a fertilizer surface discharge pipe for dropping the fertilizer into the surface of the growing soil and a fertilizer dropped from the fertilizer surface discharge pipe to the growing soil at a predetermined interval. And an agricultural machine according to the sixth aspect of the present invention.

  As a ninth aspect of the invention, a sixth aspect of the invention further includes a fertilizer coating mechanism that covers the fertilizer arranged continuously or intermittently in a plurality of rows at predetermined intervals in the fertilizer placement section by shaving a part of the soil of the growing soil. To an agricultural machine according to any one of the eighth invention.

  As a tenth aspect of the invention, a fertilizer coating mechanism is an outer utilization mechanism that scrapes a part of soil of growing soil outside a row of fertilizers arranged continuously or intermittently in the plurality of rows. An agricultural machine according to the invention is proposed.

  As an eleventh invention, the fertilizer coating mechanism is described in the ninth invention, which is an inner use mechanism that scrapes a part of soil of growing soil inside a row of fertilizers arranged continuously or intermittently in the plurality of rows. Of agricultural machinery, propose.

  As a twelfth invention, the fertilizer placement section is provided in a side guide rod means for guiding the dug soil to its side while digging a groove for arranging the fertilizer, and the side guide rod means. A fifth fertilizer or a sixth invention comprising: a first fertilizer discharge port for dropping the fertilizer in the dug groove; and a soil covering means for covering the fertilizer disposed with the soil guided laterally by the side guide rod means The agricultural machine described in the invention of the present invention is proposed.

  As a thirteenth invention, the fertilizer placement portion has a rear guide rod means for dropping the dug soil from its rear end while digging a groove for arranging the fertilizer, Agricultural machine according to the fifth or sixth invention, which has a second fertilizer discharge port for dropping fertilizer into a groove dug so as to be covered with soil dropped from the rear end.

  According to a fourteenth aspect of the invention, the fertilizer placement section includes an agricultural machinery according to the twelfth aspect of the invention or the thirteenth aspect of the invention, wherein the fertilizer placement section has depth adjustment means for adjusting the depth of a groove to be dug for placement of the fertilizer. Propose.

  As a fifteenth aspect of the invention, a cultivating section for soil excavation or culling for planting or sowing is provided for digging or stacking in the center of a plurality of rows arranged by the fertilizer arrangement section. An agricultural machine according to any one of the fifth to fourteenth inventions is proposed.

  As the sixteenth invention, the fifth to fifteenth inventions are provided in order to dig up a seedling arrangement part for arranging seedlings in the central part of a plurality of rows arranged by the fertilizer arrangement part. The agricultural machine as described in any one of is proposed.

  As a seventeenth invention, according to any one of the fifth to fifteenth inventions, a seeding part for sowing is provided for digging up the central part of a plurality of rows arranged by the fertilizer arranging part. The agricultural machine described in 1 is proposed.

  According to the present invention, local fertilization can be easily performed at an appropriate position.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention should not be limited to these embodiments at all, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist thereof. The first embodiment mainly relates to claim 1 and the like. The second embodiment mainly relates to claim 2 and the like. The third embodiment mainly relates to claim 3 and the like. The fourth embodiment mainly relates to claim 4 and the like. The fifth embodiment mainly relates to claim 5 and the like. The sixth embodiment mainly relates to claim 6 and the like. The seventh embodiment mainly relates to claim 7 and the like. The eighth embodiment mainly relates to claim 8 and the like. The ninth embodiment mainly relates to claim 9 and the like. The tenth embodiment mainly relates to claim 10 and the like. The eleventh embodiment mainly relates to claim 11 and the like. The twelfth embodiment relates to other embodiments.

The thirteenth embodiment mainly relates to claim 12 and the like. The fourteenth embodiment mainly relates to claim 13 and the like. The fifteenth embodiment mainly relates to claim 14 and the like. The sixteenth embodiment mainly relates to claims 15 to 17.
<< Embodiment 1 >>
<Embodiment 1: Overview>

The crop growth method of this embodiment is characterized by the initial fertilizer arrangement position. That is, the arrangement position of the initial fertilizer is not a deep layer portion (a position that is vertically separated from the planting position) immediately below the planting position of the crop, but a position that is laterally separated from the planting position of the crop. The crop growing method according to the present embodiment has a configuration in which the root is difficult to reach the initial fertilizer placement position by arranging the initial fertilizer at such a position at least until the crop grows.
<Embodiment 1: Configuration>

  FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an initial fertilizer arrangement position in the crop growing method of the present embodiment. The initial fertilizer arrangement position will be described using this figure. This figure shows the growing soil (0101), the crop in the early stage of growth (0102a), and the initial fertilizer (0103). In the crop growth method according to the present embodiment, the initial fertilizer is arranged at a position laterally separated from the crop planting position in the growing soil with respect to the crop in the initial growth stage, and at least until the crop grows, the root is in the initial stage. This is a method for growing crops that makes it difficult to reach the fertilizer location. In addition, the timing at which the initial fertilizer is arranged and the timing at which the crop in the early growth stage is planted may be the same or later. In the state where the initial fertilizer and the early crop are present, if the initial fertilizer placement position and the crop planting position of the early growth crop are as described below, it is included in the crop growth method of this embodiment. .

  The “initial fertilizer placement position” is a position where the initial fertilizer (0103) is placed. This position is a relative positional relationship with respect to the “growth crop” (0102a). “Initial growth” refers to the initial period when divided into an early growth stage, a middle growth stage, and a mature stage (late growth stage) according to the growth stage of the crop. The initial stage of growth refers to the rooting time of about 1 to 4 weeks after germination or seedling planting. Concentration disturbance occurs when the roots of this period come into contact with fertilizer with high concentration. Alternatively, problems such as root burn damage due to heat of decomposition and fermentation of fertilizers, and weak sexual growth caused by vegetative growth due to eutrophication may occur. If these roots fail to form vigorous roots, they are not only susceptible to diseases and pests, but they also affect yield and quality due to weak roots that absorb nutrients and water during maturity. .

  “Initial fertilizer” refers to a fertilizer to be applied before planting of a crop (including sowing, the same applies hereinafter), or even after planting of a crop at the initial stage of growth. Say. Although the fertilizer applied before planting the crop is referred to as the original fertilizer, the term “initial fertilizer” includes not only the original fertilizer but also the fertilizer applied at the early stage of growth even after the planting of the crop. “Fertilizer” refers to a material applied to the land for the purpose of bringing about chemical changes to the soil in order to contribute to plant nutrition or plant cultivation. Organic fertilizer, fully-ripened compost, chemical conversion Although it does not ask | require the kind of fertilizer, such as a fertilizer and a soil improvement agent, it is preferable to set it as a delayed action fertilizer. This is because it is efficient if the effect of the fertilizer is exerted when the crop roots grow and reach the fertilizer.

  In the method for growing a crop according to the present embodiment, the initial fertilizer is placed in the growing soil. “Growth soil” is soil on which crops will grow. “Soil” is not limited to soil, and includes an artificial medium made of sand, plastic, or the like. The growing soil may be cocoons, or may be flat growing soils that do not form cocoons.

  In the crop growth method of the present embodiment, the initial fertilizer is arranged at a position that is laterally separated from the crop planting position. “Crop planting position” refers to a position where a crop in the initial growth stage is planted.

  “Separate horizontally” means that there is a distance between the crop planting position and the initial fertilizer placement position when viewed from above. The initial fertilizer (0103) arrangement position of the conventional local fertilization (deep layer fertilization) is directly under the planting of the crop (0102a) at the initial growth stage, as shown in FIG. In this figure, the root of the crop in the early stage of growth has reached the initial fertilizer placement position, which may cause a concentration disorder. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. “Separate laterally” means when horizontally spaced (when the crop planting position and the initial fertilizer placement position are at the same height when viewed from the side as shown in FIG. 1 (a)). It is not limited, and includes cases where they are separated in an oblique direction. For example, in FIG. 2A (a), the crop planting position of the early growing crop (0202) and the initial fertilizer placement position of the initial fertilizer (0203) are separated in an oblique direction. It can be said that it is “separated”.

  The initial fertilizer placement position is separated from the crop planting position to such an extent that the roots are difficult to reach the initial fertilizer placement position at least until the crop grows. The term “until the crop grows” means the period from the end of the initial growth stage to the transition to the intermediate growth stage. Since the direction and length of the roots vary depending on the type of crop, the distance between the crop planting position and the initial fertilizer placement position varies depending on the type of crop. “To be difficult to reach” means that most of the roots of the crop do not reach the initial fertilizer placement position. However, it does not mean that the root does not reach the initial fertilizer placement position at all, but it may mean that the root may reach the initial fertilizer placement position slightly. “To reach” the initial fertilizer placement position means that the root of the grown crop (0102b) reaches the initial fertilizer placement position as shown in FIG. In the crop growth method of the present embodiment, it does not matter whether the grown roots “reach” the fertilizer arranged at the initial fertilizer arrangement position. The initial fertilizer gradually oozes out from the initial fertilizer placement position into the growing soil, and even if the root does not reach the initial fertilizer placement position, the initial fertilizer may be absorbed from the root if it reaches the vicinity of the initial fertilizer placement position. Because.

About the aspect of arrangement | positioning of the initial fertilizer to an initial fertilizer arrangement position, it does not specifically limit. However, it is preferable that the fertilizer is not exposed on the surface of the growing soil. This is because if fertilizer flows due to rain or the like, the fertilizer utilization efficiency is poor, and there is a risk of adverse effects such as deterioration of water quality. For example, the fertilizer may be buried in the growing soil, mixed with a part of the growing soil, or a thin film-like covering material called mulch may be placed on the growing soil so that the fertilizer is not exposed.
<Embodiment 1: Effect>

  By the crop growth method of this embodiment, local fertilization can be easily performed at an appropriate position. That is, the initial fertilizer arrangement position in the present embodiment is a position that can be arranged without digging deeply the growing soil.

  The “appropriate position” is a position where the root is difficult to reach the initial fertilizer placement position at least until the crop grows.

  By performing local fertilization at an appropriate position, it is possible to grow healthy roots without fear of causing concentration problems in the early growing crops. Therefore, the risk that the crop will be poorly grown or wither is reduced.

In addition, by performing local fertilization at an appropriate position, the crops at the early stage of growth will develop roots sufficiently for nutrition. And since it becomes possible to absorb nutrients efficiently from the root by reaching the fertilizer when the root is sufficiently developed, it is possible to improve the quality of the crop and increase the yield.
<< Embodiment 2 >>
<Embodiment 2: Overview>

The crop growth method of the present embodiment is based on the first embodiment, and particularly relates to the initial fertilizer arrangement position in the case of a single row planting where the growing soil is a cocoon and the crops are planted in a row in the center of the cocoon.
<Embodiment 2: Configuration>

  FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a crop growth method according to the present embodiment. In the method for growing a crop according to the present embodiment, the growing soil is cocoon (0201), and the initial fertilizer (0203) is arranged in two continuous or intermittent rows on both sides of the cocoon. The crop planting position of the crop (0202) is configured to be substantially in the center of the basket. Since the growing soil, the initial fertilizer arrangement position, and the crop planting position of the early growing crop are the same as those described in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  “Kaki” (0201) is a growing soil where a crop is planted, and refers to a place where the soil is raised in a streak shape, regardless of whether there is another adjacent raised portion. Both sides of the heel refer to side portions of the heel formed in a streak shape (near the portion indicated by 0204 in FIG. 2A (a)). In addition, the vicinity of both ends of the upper surface of the heel (the shoulder portion of the heel) may be included.

  A method of planting a crop in which one crop is planted in a row is called single row planting. In the case of single row planting, the approximate center of the cocoon is the crop planting position. In this case, by arranging the initial fertilizer on both sides of the paddy, the initial fertilizer can be disposed at a “position that is laterally separated” from the crop planting position.

In addition, FIG. 3 is a figure for demonstrating the procedure of arrangement | positioning of the initial fertilizer on the both sides of a cocoon. (A), (c), (e) is the perspective view seen from diagonally upward, (b), (d), (f) is sectional drawing of a collar. As a procedure for arranging the initial fertilizer on both sides of the ridge, for example, the following method can be used.
(1) As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, before fertilizing, fertilizer (0303) is sprayed on the positions that should be on both sides of the ridge (0301). Also shown in (a) is the fertilizer outlet (0304) of the fertilizer discharge pipe for dropping the fertilizer on the growing soil.
(2) As shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D, fertilizer is sprayed on both sides of the cocoon (0301) after erection. Also shown in (c) is the fertilizer outlet (0304) of the fertilizer discharge pipe for dropping the fertilizer on the growing soil. In this case, the fertilizer (0303) is not left exposed on the surface of the growing soil, but the soil is further covered with the fertilizer, or a part of the growing soil (both sides of the straw) and the fertilizer are mixed. It is preferable to cover the bag with a multi.
(3) At the time of erecting, as shown in FIGS. 3 (e) and 3 (f), fertilizer (0303) is spread on the upper surface of the cocoon (0301), and then the upper surface of the cocoon is flattened. Drop the fertilizer and growing soil on both sides of the straw. In addition, the distribution board (0305) for dropping the fertilizer discharge port of the fertilizer planar discharge pipe (0306) mentioned later, the fertilizer of the upper surface of a cocoon, and the growth soil on both sides of a cocoon is also illustrated by figure (e). Yes.

  Alternatively, two or more of these methods (1) to (3) may be combined.

“Continuous or intermittent two rows” means that the initial fertilizer is arranged in two rows of streaks when the ridge is viewed from above. Also, “continuously” means that, as shown in FIG. 2A (b), fertilizers are continuously arranged in a streak shape when viewed from above, and “intermittently” As shown in FIG. 2A (c), when the cocoon is viewed from above, the portion where the fertilizer is disposed and the portion where the fertilizer is not disposed are intermittent streaks.
<Embodiment 2: Effect>

  By the crop growth method of this embodiment, local fertilization can be easily performed at an appropriate position.

Furthermore, when the cocoon is formed and the initial fertilizer is disposed on both sides of the cocoon as in the crop growth method of the present embodiment, the initial fertilizer placement position is easily understood. Therefore, even when planting a crop from the fertilizer arrangement, the relative positional relationship between the initial fertilizer arrangement position and the crop planting position can be appropriately maintained.
<< Embodiment 3 >>
<Embodiment 3: Overview>

The crop growth method of the present embodiment is based on the first embodiment, but particularly when the growing soil is cocoon and the crops are planted in a plurality of rows in the center of the cocoon (two-row planting, three-row planting, etc.). The initial fertilizer placement position.
<Embodiment 3: Configuration>

  In the method for growing a crop according to the present embodiment, the growing soil is cocoon, and the initial fertilizer placement positions are continuous or intermittent multiple rows on both sides of the cocoon and in the cocoon, and the crop of the crop in the early growth stage The planting position is characterized in that the fertilizer is arranged and the approximate center of the row. Since the growing soil, straw, initial fertilizer arrangement position, and crop planting position of the early growing crop are the same as those described in the first or second embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a crop growth method according to the present embodiment. The method of planting crops in which two rows of crops are planted in one row is called double row planting, and the method of planting crops in three rows is called triple row planting. FIG. 2B (d) and (e) are diagrams for explaining the initial fertilizer arrangement position in the case of double row planting. When planting crops (0202) in the early stage of growth in one row (0201) in two or more rows, not only on both sides of the row, but also on the streak (between rows of planted crops) It is preferable to arrange the fertilizer (0203). This is because when the roots grow to the extent that they reach the initial fertilizer placement position after the initial growth stage, the fertilizer absorption is increased because the fertilizer placement positions exist on both sides of the crop.

  In addition, the procedure of arrangement | positioning of the initial fertilizer on both sides of a cocoon is as above-mentioned.

  “Inner cage” refers to a positional relationship included in the cage portion when viewed from above.

  The “both sides of the heel and a plurality of continuous or intermittent rows in the heel” may be a case where the inside of the heel is a single row and a plurality of rows are combined with both sides of the heel. Specifically, in the case of double row planting, it is arranged in three continuous or intermittent three rows inside the heel. Alternatively, in the three-row planting, the four-row planting, the five-row planting, and the like, the initial fertilizer is similarly arranged in four rows, five rows, six rows, or the like continuously or intermittently. Fertilizers arranged in multiple rows need not be arranged in multiple rows “at regular intervals”. For example, when different types of crops are planted in a single paddy, fertilizers may be arranged at appropriate intervals according to the types of crops.

For example, the following method can be used as a procedure for placing the initial fertilizer in the basket.
(1) Before fertilizing, spread fertilizer to the position that should be in the cage.
(2) After setting up, spread fertilizer in the pot. In this case, do not leave the fertilizer exposed on the surface of the growing soil, cover the fertilizer with more soil, mix part of the growing soil (both sides of the straw) with the fertilizer, It is preferable to cover the mulch.

  Alternatively, these methods may be combined.

In this embodiment, the crop planting position of the early growing crop is the row where the fertilizer is arranged and the approximate center of the row.
<Embodiment 3: Effect>

  By the crop growth method of this embodiment, local fertilization can be easily performed at an appropriate position.

Furthermore, the initial fertilizer can be arranged not only on both sides of the cocoon but also in the streak (between rows of planted crops) by the crop growth method of the present embodiment. Thereby, when the growth is completed to the extent that the roots reach the initial fertilizer placement position after the initial growth stage, the fertilizer absorption increases because the fertilizer placement positions exist on both sides of the crop.
<< Embodiment 4 >>
<Embodiment 4: Overview>

  The growing method of the crop of this embodiment is based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 3, and further, the remaining fertilizer of the previous crop or / and in the growing soil at the crop planting position of the crop at the early stage of growth. It is characterized in that a small amount of fertilizer is included.

“Previous crop fertilizer” refers to fertilizer to the extent that it will remain in the growing soil in normal agriculture. “Slight” fertilizer is intended to be the same as the remaining fertilizer of the previous work.
<Embodiment 4: Effect>

Like the growing method of the crop of this embodiment, rooting of a root is promoted by containing the residual fertilizer of the previous crop or / and a slight amount of fertilizer in the growing soil.
<< Example >>

The results of cultivation of broad beans, snap peas and okra by the crop growth method of Embodiment 4 are as follows.
Survey date: From 2006 to 2010 Place: Own field and neighboring fields (in Kagoshima Prefecture)
Survey method: Each of the survey items was evaluated by visually comparing the group with good index as 100 index and comparing with the control group. The demonstration zone is a district where the crop growth method of Embodiment 4 was performed, and the customary zone is a district where the conventional crop growth method (full-scale fertilization or deep-layer fertilization, details will be described later). In addition, evaluation of a customary zone observed the average state of about 20 farm fields in the vicinity (within a radius of 3 km) of the company farm field.

As shown in Table 1, in any of the items, the state of the demonstration zone where the crop growth method of Embodiment 4 was performed was better than the conventional zone. Moreover, since the difference of 35 was shown by the average index which averaged the index | exponent of each said investigation item, it can be said that it is in the outstanding state exceeding the fixed error range with the customary plot which is a control plot. Each crop is described in more detail below.
<Example 1: Broad bean>

  The results of cultivating “broad bean” by the crop growth method of Embodiment 4 are as follows. For comparison, broad beans were cultivated in the demonstration zone by the crop growth method of this example, and broad beans were cultivated by the conventional crop growth method in the conventional zone. The planting time is in early September. Hereinafter, each fertilizer arrangement in the demonstration zone and the customary zone will be described. First, in any ward, the remaining fertilizer of the previous crop is included in the growing soil. Next, in the demonstration zone, as shown in FIG. 11 (a), the initial fertilizer (1103) arrangement position is two continuous rows on both sides of the ridge (1101), and the crop of the crop (1102) in the early growth stage. The planting position was set to be approximately the center of this cocoon. The ridge width α is approximately 70 centimeters, the ridge height β is approximately 20 centimeters, and the horizontal interval γ1 between the initial fertilizer placement position and the crop planting position is approximately 25 centimeters. On the other hand, in the customary zone, as shown in FIG. 11B, the initial fertilizer was arranged directly under the planting of the crop. The heel width α is approximately 50 centimeters, the heel height β is approximately 25 centimeters, and the interval γ2 between the initial fertilizer placement position and the heel surface is approximately 15 centimeters. In addition, both the demonstration zone and the customary zone were cultivated in the open ground, and both the demonstration zone and the customary zone were subjected to additional fertilization several times outside the paddy.

When the broad bean at the middle stage of growth was compared, the observation results shown in Table 2 below were obtained. Moreover, FIG. 12A is a photograph taken in a field where broad beans in the demonstration zone and the customary zone are cultivated, and the following observation results can be confirmed. The photographing time of the photograph shown in FIG. 12A is the end of November. In addition, the property will be submitted as a reference material with this drawing in color.
<Example 2: Snap pea>

  The result of cultivating “snap pea” by the crop growth method of Embodiment 4 is as follows. For comparison, snap peas were cultivated in the demonstration zone by the crop growth method of this example, and snap peas were cultivated in the conventional zone by the conventional crop growth method. The planting time is in early September. Hereinafter, each fertilizer arrangement in the demonstration zone and the customary zone will be described. First, in any ward, the remaining fertilizer of the previous crop is included in the growing soil. Next, in the demonstration zone, as shown in FIG. 11 (a), the initial fertilizer (1103) arrangement position is two continuous rows on both sides of the ridge (1101), and the crop of the crop (1102) in the early growth stage. The planting position was set to be approximately the center of this cocoon. The ridge width α is approximately 70 centimeters, the ridge height β is approximately 20 centimeters, and the horizontal interval γ1 between the initial fertilizer placement position and the crop planting position is approximately 25 centimeters. On the other hand, in the customary zone, as shown in FIG. 11B, the initial fertilizer was arranged directly under the planting of the crop. The heel width α is approximately 50 centimeters, the heel height β is approximately 25 centimeters, and the interval γ2 between the initial fertilizer placement position and the heel surface is approximately 15 centimeters. Both demonstration and customary areas are open-air cultivation. The photograph of the demonstration zone in FIG. 12B, which will be described later, shows a greenhouse, but was cultivated (open field cultivation) without covering the vinyl. In addition, in the demonstration zone and customary zone, additional fertilization was performed several times outside the ridge.

When comparing snap peas in the middle growing season (high harvest season), the observation results shown in Table 3 below were obtained. Moreover, FIG. 12B is a photograph taken of the field where the snap peas in the demonstration zone and the customary zone are cultivated, and the following observation results can be confirmed. The photo shown in FIG. 12B is taken in mid-January. In addition, the property will be submitted as a reference material with this drawing in color.
<Example 3: Okra>

  The results of cultivating “Okra” by the crop growth method of Embodiment 4 are as follows. For comparison, in the demonstration zone, okra was cultivated by the crop growth method of this example, and in the customary zone, okra was cultivated by the conventional crop growth method. Planting time is in mid-February. Hereinafter, each fertilizer arrangement in the demonstration zone and the customary zone will be described. First, in any ward, the remaining fertilizer of the previous crop is included in the growing soil. Next, in the demonstration zone, for the crop (Okra) in the early stage of growth, the initial fertilizer is placed at a position laterally separated from this crop planting position in the growing soil until at least the crop (Okra) grows. Made the roots difficult to reach the initial fertilizer placement. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11 (c), the initial fertilizer arrangement position is two continuous rows on both sides of the ridge, the ridge width α is approximately 70 centimeters, and the ridge height β is approximately 15 centimeters. The horizontal interval γ1 between the initial fertilizer placement position and the crop planting position was approximately 20 centimeters, and two okra plants were planted on this ridge. On the other hand, in the customary area, as shown in FIG. 11 (d), the entire area was fertilized by mixing the growing soil and the fertilizer in the portion to be dredged. The cocoon width is approximately 55 centimeters and the cocoon height is approximately 15 centimeters. Both demonstration and customary areas are house-grown. In addition, about several times of topdressing was performed outside the ridge in the demonstration area and in the basin in the customary area.

When comparing okra in the middle stage of growth, the observation results shown in Table 4 below were obtained. Moreover, FIG. 12C is a photograph taken of the field where the okra in the demonstration zone and the customary zone are grown, and the following observation results can be confirmed. The photo shown in FIG. 12C is in the middle of June. In addition, the property will be submitted as a reference material with this drawing in color.
<< Embodiment 5 >>
<Embodiment 5: Overview>

The agricultural machine of this embodiment is an agricultural machine which can be used for the crop growth method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 4. The agricultural machine of this embodiment is characterized in that it has a fertilizer placement section that places fertilizers in a plurality of rows at a predetermined interval at the same time.
<Embodiment 5: Configuration>

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an agricultural machine according to the present embodiment.

  “Agricultural machinery” refers to machinery used in agriculture, including fertilizer and agrochemical spreaders (soil disinfectors, etc.), vertical machines, coating machines, tillers, etc., and used in combination with tillers. Includes not only independently used machines, such as possible fertilizer spreaders, but also individual machines that can be combined.

  The “agricultural machine” in the present embodiment is used to place fertilizers on the growing soil of crops. In addition, it is good that the agricultural machine is equipped with a wheel so that conveyance of the fertilizer for arrangement | positioning may become easy. Furthermore, an internal combustion engine such as an engine or a battery may be used as power, and a riding type in which a person rides and drives or a pushing type in which a person pushes and operates while walking may be used.

  Moreover, the agricultural machine of this embodiment has a fertilizer arrangement | positioning part.

  The “fertilizer placement unit” has a function of placing fertilizers continuously or intermittently in a plurality of rows at a predetermined interval at the same time. For example, a fertilizer hopper (0401) that stores fertilizer and a fertilizer discharge pipe (0402) that induces the fertilizer from the fertilizer hopper and drops the fertilizer on the growing soil.

  The “predetermined interval” refers to an interval at which the fertilizer can be arranged in the positional relationship as described in the first to fourth embodiments. Further, “simultaneously” means that it can be arranged at a time over a plurality of rows at a predetermined interval. However, “multiple rows” refers to two or more rows. When three or more rows are to be arranged, first, two rows are arranged, and then one row is arranged. It is good to do. Hereinafter, specific configurations of the fertilizer hopper and the fertilizer discharge pipe will be described with reference to FIG. 9A.

  FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a fertilizer hopper and a fertilizer discharge pipe according to the present embodiment. The fertilizer stored in the fertilizer hopper is guided from the bottom of the fertilizer hopper to the fertilizer discharge pipe (in some cases, it is a fertilizer surface discharge pipe). To fall into the growing soil. In order to arrange the fertilizers at a predetermined interval, for example, as shown in FIG. 9A (a), each fertilizer hopper (0901, 0901, 0901) has one fertilizer discharge pipe (0904, 0904, 0904) or the like. It is only necessary that the fertilizer discharge ports such as these fertilizer discharge pipes are arranged at predetermined intervals. Or several fertilizer discharge pipes (0904, 0904, 0904) etc. are couple | bonded with one fertilizer hopper (0901) like FIG. 9A (b), and fertilizer discharge ports, such as these fertilizer discharge pipes, are predetermined. It suffices if they are arranged at intervals of.

  The structure of the fertilizer hopper is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 9C (d), a plurality of fertilizer hoppers (0901, 0901, 0901) are fixed by a container fixing belt (0902), and different types are used. The fertilizer may be accommodated. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 9C (f), the inside of the fertilizer hopper (0901) may be partitioned in series by partition plates (0903, 0903), and different types of fertilizers may be accommodated in the partitioned spaces. . Alternatively, the partitions (0903, 0903) may be in the shape of a rice field as shown in FIG. 9 (e), or the partitions (0903, 0903) are in the shape of a round cross as shown in FIG. 9 (g). May be. In these cases, a plurality of different types of fertilizers can be accommodated in the fertilizer hopper. Although not shown here, the bottom of the fertilizer hopper is connected to a fertilizer discharge pipe or the like. Fertilizer guided to the fertilizer discharge pipe falls to the growing soil from the fertilizer discharge port, but each fertilizer discharge pipe connected to each fertilizer hopper (or each partitioned space) containing different types of fertilizer Therefore, different types of fertilizers can be placed on the growing soil at the same time, thus improving work efficiency.

The fertilizer discharge pipe is not particularly limited as long as it is a tubular member having openings on the side receiving the supply of fertilizer from the fertilizer hopper and the side discharging the fertilizer. However, when the fertilizer discharge pipe is bent, it is preferable that the bent portion is formed by a gentle curve with a large curvature radius so that the fertilizer is not clogged in the pipe when the fertilizer is discharged.
<Embodiment 5: Effect>

With the agricultural machine of this embodiment, local fertilization can be easily performed at an appropriate position.
<< Embodiment 6 >>
<Embodiment 6: Overview>

The agricultural machine of the present embodiment is based on the fifth embodiment, and further includes an adjustment unit so that a predetermined interval at which the fertilizer is disposed can be adjusted. Since the growth situation varies depending on the type of crop, the initial fertilizer placement position where the roots cannot reach the initial fertilizer placement position until the crop grows also varies depending on the type of crop. Therefore, the fertilizer arrangement unit further includes an adjustment unit that adjusts a predetermined interval at which the fertilizer is arranged as described below so that the fertilizer arrangement unit can be used for growing soil in which various crops are planted. And good.
<Embodiment 6: Configuration>

The agricultural machine of this embodiment is provided with a fertilizer arrangement part, and further, a fertilizer arrangement part has an adjustment part. The adjustment by the adjustment unit can be realized, for example, by adjusting the interval of the fertilizer falling from the fertilizer discharge port with the following configuration.
(Example of the configuration of the adjustment unit)

  FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the configuration of the “adjusting unit”. The case where the space | interval of a fertilizer is adjusted with the fertilizer diffusion plate which is an example of an adjustment part is demonstrated using Fig.5 (a) (b). The adjustment unit may be, for example, a fertilizer diffusion plate (0503) provided near the fertilizer discharge port in the fertilizer discharge pipe (0502) that discharges the fertilizer supplied from the fertilizer hopper (0501). The fertilizer diffusion plate is an inverted V shape provided so that the upper side of the V-shape is the tube opening side, and is movable so that the V-shape becomes wider or narrower. The fertilizer passing through the fertilizer discharge pipe is divided into two forks by the fertilizer diffusion plate and discharged. If the V-shape of the fertilizer diffusion plate is wide as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the interval between the fertilizers (0504) dropped from the fertilizer discharge port to the growing soil is wide. On the other hand, if the V-shape of the fertilizer diffusion port is narrow as shown in FIG. 5B, the interval between the fertilizer (0504) that has fallen into the growing soil from the fertilizer discharge port is also narrow. Further, the vicinity of the coupling portion between the fertilizer discharge pipe and the fertilizer hopper may be rotatable. In this case, for example, in the case of two-row planting described in the third embodiment, the same agricultural machine can be used when it is desired to arrange the fertilizer in a line in the center of the cocoon after arranging the fertilizer on both sides of the cocoon. It becomes.

  Next, another example of the configuration of the adjustment unit will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in this figure, the fertilizer discharge pipe for discharging the fertilizer supplied from the fertilizer application hopper (0501) may be composed of two rotatable diffusion tubes (0505, 0505). In this figure, the portion indicated by 0506 is configured to be rotatable. In addition, each cylinder opening of a diffusion cylinder will hit the fertilizer discharge opening of this embodiment. And as FIG.5 (c), if the spreading | diffusion pipe | tube is sideways with respect to the advancing direction of an agricultural machine, the space | interval of the fertilizer (0504) which fell to the growth soil will be wide. On the other hand, when the diffusion cylinder is gradually turned vertically and turned to the state shown in FIG. 5D, the interval between the fertilizers (0504) dropped on the growing soil becomes narrow. In addition, if it is further rotated so that the tube opening of the diffusion tube is arranged linearly with respect to the traveling direction of the agricultural machine, the fertilizer can be dropped in a line in a line. In this case, for example, in the case of two-row planting described in the third embodiment, the same agricultural machine can be used when it is desired to arrange the fertilizer in a line in the center of the cocoon after arranging the fertilizer on both sides of the cocoon. It becomes.

The shape of the diffusion cylinder is not particularly limited as long as it is a tubular member having openings on the side receiving the fertilizer supplied from the fertilizer hopper and the side discharging the fertilizer. However, when the diffusion tube is bent, the bent portion is preferably formed by a gentle curve with a large curvature radius so that the fertilizer is not clogged in the pipe when the fertilizer is discharged. For example, as shown in FIGS. 5C and 5D, the diffusion tubes (0505, 0505) may be L-shaped diffusion tubes. In this case, even when the space between the tube ports of the diffusion tube is wide, it is sufficient to make the L-shaped horizontal bar portion long, and the length of the L-shaped diffusion tube in the vertical direction is relatively short. Therefore, even if the fertilizer hopper is attached to a low position, there is little risk that the tube mouth of the diffusion tube and the growing soil come into contact with each other. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5E, the space between the two diffusion tubes may be vacant in a V shape. In this case, the diffusion cylinder (0505, 0505) is less likely to come into contact with the PTO shaft (0507) even when the positional relationship is such that the PTO shaft (0507) is under the fertilizer hopper. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (f), each of the diffusion tubes may have an S-shaped curve, and the space between the two diffusion tubes may have a rounded shape. In this case, when the positional relationship is such that the PTO axis is under the fertilizer hopper, the diffusion cylinder (0505, 0505) may come into contact with the PTO axis (0507) even if the distance between the fertilizer hopper and the PTO axis is short. Is even smaller.
<Embodiment 6: Effect>

  With the agricultural machine of this embodiment, local fertilization can be easily performed at an appropriate position.

Furthermore, since the agricultural machine of this embodiment can be used with respect to the growth soil which plants various kinds of crops by providing a control part, versatility increases.
<< Embodiment 7 >>
<Embodiment 7: Overview>

The agricultural machine of the present embodiment is based on the sixth embodiment, and is further characterized in that the adjustment of the fertilizer interval by the adjustment unit is performed by an interval changing mechanism that changes the interval of the fertilizer discharge port.
<Embodiment 7: Configuration>

  The agricultural machine of this embodiment is provided with a fertilizer arrangement part, and further, a fertilizer arrangement part has an adjustment part. The adjustment unit further includes a fertilizer discharge pipe and an interval changing mechanism. FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the fertilizer discharge pipe and the interval changing mechanism. This figure shows a fertilizer discharge pipe (0904), a support rod (0905) and a support band (0906) corresponding to the interval changing mechanism.

  The “fertilizer discharge pipe” has a function of dropping the fertilizer on the growing soil. The material is not particularly limited, such as a metal or a synthetic resin, and a plurality of materials may be combined.

The interval changing mechanism is a mechanism for changing the interval of the fertilizer discharge port of the fertilizer discharge pipe. For example, the fertilizer discharge pipe is composed of a rubber hose-like soft pipe, and a plurality of fertilizer discharge pipes (0904, 0904, 0904) are fixed to a support rod (0905) at a predetermined interval by a support band (0906) or removed. By being configured so as to be able to change, the fixing position by the support band can be changed to change the interval between the fertilizer discharge ports.
<Embodiment 7: Effect>

With the agricultural machine of this embodiment, local fertilization can be easily performed at an appropriate position, and the interval between the fertilizer discharge ports of the fertilizer discharge pipe can be changed by the interval changing mechanism. Thereby, since the agricultural machine of this embodiment can be utilized with respect to the growth soil which plants various kinds of crops, versatility increases.
<< Embodiment 8 >>
<Embodiment 8: Overview>

The agricultural machine of the present embodiment is based on the sixth embodiment, and is further characterized in that the adjustment of the fertilizer interval by the adjustment unit is performed by the fertilizer planar discharge pipe and the distribution plate. The agricultural machine of this embodiment should be used when arranging a fertilizer with respect to this cocoon, especially when growing soil is a cocoon.
<Eighth embodiment: configuration>

  The agricultural machine of this embodiment is provided with a fertilizer arrangement part, and further, a fertilizer arrangement part has an adjustment part. The adjustment unit further includes a fertilizer planar discharge pipe and a distribution plate. In order to explain the state of the arrangement of the fertilizer by the fertilizer planar discharge pipe and the distribution plate, here, FIGS. 3 (e) and (f) will be referred to again. In this figure, a fertilizer planar discharge pipe (0306) and a distribution plate (0305) are shown.

  The “fertilizer planar discharge pipe” (0306) has a function of dropping the fertilizer into a planar shape on the growing soil. The term “planar” means that it is dispersed with a certain extent in the width direction of the ridge. By spreading in a planar shape, the fertilizer will be distributed to the left and right by a distribution plate to be described later. For example, the fertilizer surface discharge pipe may have a fan-shaped pipe opening portion or a plurality of fertilizer discharge pipes. For example, in FIG.3 (e), the fertilizer surface discharge pipe is comprised by the two fertilizer discharge pipes. Further, the “plane shape” is not limited to the case where the surface shape is uniformly distributed, but may be a surface shape by being distributed in a plurality of streaks.

  The “distribution plate” (0305) has a function of distributing the fertilizer dropped from the fertilizer planar discharge pipe to the growing soil at a predetermined interval. The distribution plate may also be used as a forming plate for leveling the upper surface of the ridge in the uprighting operation. The distribution plate may have an inverted V-shape in the direction of travel, and the fertilizer that has fallen in a planar shape with respect to the upper surface of the cocoon is divided into left and right at the central part of the V shape together with the excess growing soil on the upper surface of the cocoon. It will fall to both sides of the heel. In this case, the formation of cocoons and the application of fertilizer can be performed at the same time, and the work is made efficient. In addition, when fertilizer falls together with the growing soil on both sides of the paddy, the fertilizer and growing soil are mixed, so it is not necessary to cover the fertilizer with soil or cover it with a mulch after setting up. It becomes. However, the fertilizer may be further covered by a fertilizer coating mechanism to be described later so that the fertilizer is more difficult to be washed away due to rain or the like.

FIG. 8 is an example of a distribution plate. It is preferable that the width of the distribution plate and the mounting height of the distribution plate can be adjusted according to the width and height of the ridges formed or formed. For example, the distribution plate (0801) can adjust the width of the distribution plate by sliding the expansion plate (0802) as necessary, or the mounting height can be adjusted at 0803. . The appropriate ridge width and height differ depending on the type of crop and the soil condition, so if the width of the distribution plate and the height of the distribution plate can be adjusted, this embodiment can be applied to various crops and soils. Agricultural machinery can be used.
<Embodiment 8: Effect>

With the agricultural machine of this embodiment, local fertilization can be easily performed at an appropriate position. Furthermore, when the fertilizer is divided on both sides of the cocoon by the distribution plate and falls with the growing soil, the fertilizer and the growing soil are mixed, while on both sides of the cocoon, in a vertically long area from the top to the bottom of the cocoon, Since the fertilizer is widely distributed, the roots of the grown crops are wide and easy to attach to the fertilizer.
<< Embodiment 9 >>
<Embodiment 9: Overview>

The agricultural machine of this embodiment further has a fertilizer coating mechanism for covering with soil so that the fertilizer arranged by the fertilizer arrangement unit is not exposed to the growing soil surface, based on any one of the sixth to eighth embodiments. Characterized by points. By providing the fertilizer coating mechanism, the fertilizer can be covered with a part of the soil of the growing soil without being exposed to the surface of the growing soil. As a result, the risk that the fertilizer will be washed away due to rain, etc., and the fertilizer will be wasted or the water quality will deteriorate is reduced.
<Ninth Embodiment: Configuration>

  The agricultural machine of this embodiment has a fertilizer arrangement part and a fertilizer coating mechanism.

  The “fertilizer coating mechanism” has a function of covering a portion of the soil of the growing soil with the fertilizer continuously or intermittently arranged in a plurality of rows at a predetermined interval in the fertilizer placement section.

  With reference to FIG. 4, a mode that a fertilizer is covered with a part of soil of growing soil is demonstrated. Since part of the soil of the growing soil cut by the inner use mechanism (0405) described later falls on both sides of the cocoon, the fertilizer (0406) arranged on both sides of the cocoon is covered with the covering soil A (0407a). Can do. Further, a part of the soil outside the fence can be shaved with a disk (0408), and the fertilizer can be further covered with the covering soil B (0407b). These inner utilization mechanisms and disks correspond to the fertilizer coating mechanism.

  In addition, this disk may have a function of bringing the soil dropped on both sides of the cage by the inner use mechanism to the inside of the cage instead of cutting a part of the soil outside the cage. In this case, by collaborating with the inner utilization mechanism, the soil dropped on both sides of the cocoon can surely cover the fertilizer.

In addition to these, in order to more reliably prevent the fertilizer from flowing out due to rain or the like, a covering material covering mechanism for covering the straw with a covering material (0409) such as a roll-shaped mulch may be provided. In this case, it is preferable to cover the covering material with soil using the disk described above, because the covering material is not likely to be turned over.
<Embodiment 9: Effect>

With the agricultural machine of this embodiment, the disposed fertilizer can be covered with a part of the soil of the growing soil without being left exposed on the surface of the growing soil.
<< Embodiment 10 >>
<Embodiment 10: Overview>

The agricultural machine of this embodiment is based on the ninth embodiment, and the fertilizer coating mechanism further cuts a part of the soil of the growing soil outside the row of fertilizers arranged continuously or intermittently in the plurality of rows. It is characterized by the fact that it is an outside use mechanism that makes it a habit.
<Embodiment 10: Configuration>

  The agricultural machine of this embodiment has a fertilizer arrangement part and a fertilizer coating mechanism. Furthermore, the fertilizer coating mechanism is an outer utilization mechanism.

  FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the state of fertilizer coating by the outer utilization mechanism.

  First, as shown in FIG. 6A, the fertilizer placement unit (0603) places the fertilizer (0602) continuously or intermittently in a plurality of rows with respect to the growing soil (0601). After that, for the formation of a cocoon, a part of the soil of the growing soil on the outside of the cocoon is shaved and raised to a part on the inside of the cocoon to form a cocoon. The “outside utilization mechanism” is a mechanism for scraping a part of the soil of the growing soil that is outside the ridge of the growing soil and raising it to a portion that is inside the cocoon. In this figure, the rotary blade (0604) is used. ) Is this.

Please refer to FIG. A part of the soil of the growing soil cut by the rotary blade (0403), which is an example of the outer utilization mechanism, is formed in the shape of a ridge by the upright plate (0404). In this way, the placement of fertilizer, the formation of cocoons, and the covering of the fertilizer can be performed at once, and the work efficiency is good.
<Embodiment 10: Effect>

With the agricultural machine of this embodiment, the disposed fertilizer can be covered with a part of the soil of the growing soil without being left exposed on the surface of the growing soil. Moreover, it is possible to perform the placement of fertilizer, the formation of ridges, and the covering of the fertilizer at a time, and the work efficiency is good.
<< Embodiment 11 >>
<Embodiment 11: Overview>

The agricultural machine of the present embodiment is based on the ninth embodiment, and further, the fertilizer coating mechanism is characterized in that it is an inner use mechanism that cuts a part of the soil of the inner growing soil.
<Embodiment 11: Configuration>

  The agricultural machine of this embodiment has a fertilizer arrangement part and a fertilizer coating mechanism. Furthermore, the fertilizer coating mechanism is an inner utilization mechanism. The function of the inner use mechanism will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the fertilizer (0702) is disposed on both sides of the ridge (0701) raised in a line shape. Then, the top of the fertilizer can be covered with the soil by shaving a part of the soil of the growing soil that becomes the upper surface of the cocoon and dropping it on both sides by the inner use mechanism (0703). As described above, the “inner use mechanism” is a mechanism for covering the fertilizer by shaving a part of the soil of the growing soil in the inner portion of the fertilizer arranged continuously or intermittently in a plurality of rows. It is also possible to use the distribution plate described above.

In addition, as described above, a disk (0704) may be further provided for bringing the soil dropped on both sides of the fence by the inner use mechanism to both sides of the fence.
<Embodiment 11: Effect>

With the agricultural machine of this embodiment, the disposed fertilizer can be covered with a part of the soil of the growing soil without being left exposed on the surface of the growing soil. Furthermore, when using both a distribution board and an inner side utilization mechanism, a fertilizer can be arrange | positioned on the both sides of a cocoon in the state with which the fertilizer and the growth soil were mixed. In addition, when leveling the upper surface for the formation of ridges, it is possible to cover the fertilizer at once, and work efficiency is good.
<< Embodiment 12 >>
<Embodiment 12: Overview>

  The agricultural machine of this embodiment includes both the inner use mechanism and the outer use mechanism described in the tenth and eleventh embodiments, and is characterized in that a plurality of fertilizer arrangement methods can be used in combination.

  FIG. 10 is a partial view showing an example of an agricultural machine according to the present embodiment. In this figure, the rear part is shown rather than the rear tire (1014) of the agricultural machine. The fertilizer hopper (1001) containing the fertilizer is attached to the agricultural machine main body by a hopper mount (1002). And the fertilizer discharge pipe which guides the fertilizer in a fertilizer application hopper is divided into two forks before and after the rotary blade (1003) which is an example of an outside utilization mechanism. Of the two fertilizer discharge pipes, the one on the front side in the traveling direction is called the front fertilizer discharge pipe (1004a), and the rear one is called the rear fertilizer discharge pipe (1004b).

  First, the fertilizer A (1005a) falls to the growing soil from the fertilizer discharge port of the front fertilizer discharge pipe. And the rotary blade | wing (1003) which is an example of an outer side utilization mechanism cuts a part of soil of the growing soil outside a cocoon, and raises it inside a cocoon, and a cocoon is formed on the fertilizer A.

  Next, the fertilizer B (1005b) falls to the growing soil from the fertilizer discharge port of the rear fertilizer discharge pipe. And the fertilizer B is covered with soil when the inner side use mechanism (1006) cuts a part of the soil of the growing soil on the upper surface of the straw and drops it on both sides of the straw.

  In this figure, a PTO shaft (1010) and a chain box (1011) are also shown as devices for taking out a part of power for driving a rotary blade (1003) which is an example of an outer utilization mechanism. . Further, a support rod (1012) and a support band (1013) for fixing the vicinity of the discharge port of the fertilizer discharge pipe are also illustrated.

By using a plurality of fertilizer placement methods in combination, the type and amount of fertilizer can be finely adjusted for each fertilizer placement position.
<Embodiment 12: Effect>

With the agricultural machine of this embodiment, local fertilization can be easily performed at an appropriate position.
<< Embodiment 13 >>
<Embodiment 13: Overview>

The present embodiment is based on the fifth or sixth embodiment. First, a groove is dug in the growing soil, the fertilizer is arranged there, and the fertilizer is prevented from flowing out due to rainwater or the like by covering the soil. Thereby, the fertilizer arrange | positioned in the suitable location stops at the said location, and can apply fertilizer without wasting a fertilizer.
<Embodiment 13: Configuration>

  In the agricultural machine according to the present embodiment, the fertilizer placement unit includes a side guide rod means, a first fertilizer discharge port, and a soil covering means. FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a fertilizer placement unit of the present embodiment. Fig.13 (a) is the figure which looked at the said fertilizer arrangement | positioning part from upper direction, FIG.13 (b) is the figure which looked at the said fertilizer arrangement | positioning part from the side. The white arrow in the figure indicates the traveling direction of the agricultural machine.

  The “side guide rod means” (1301) has a function of guiding the dug soil to its side while digging a groove for arranging the fertilizer. As shown in the figure, it has a wedge-like shape with a cutting edge in the traveling direction when viewed from above. By configuring in this way, the excavated soil (1304) can be guided to the side as indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in the figure while cutting the soil and digging a groove.

  As shown in FIG. 13 (b), the lower end of the side guide rod means may be formed so as to protrude in the traveling direction while being curved. By forming in this way, it becomes easy to effectively excavate the soil, and lateral guidance can also be effectively performed.

  The “first fertilizer discharge port” (1302) is provided in the side guide rod means and has a function of dropping the fertilizer into the dug groove. As shown in the drawing, the fertilizer (1305) is dropped into the groove (1306) dug by the side guide rod means. In the figure, the agricultural machine is configured so that the fertilizer is discharged through the pipe of the tubular member for holding the side guide rod means, but it can be discharged using a member separate from the tubular member. You may comprise as follows.

The “soil covering means” (1303) has a function to cover the fertilizer arranged with the soil guided to the side by the side guide rod means. The soil covering means is embodied by, for example, a disk attached rotatably. By attaching the disk with an inclination with respect to the traveling direction, the soil once guided to the side by the side guide rod means can be guided again to the direction of the groove, and as a result, the fertilizer arranged in the groove is covered. be able to. The disk is preferably curved like a bowl as shown. By arranging so that the soil guided by the side guide rod means is received inside the cage, the received soil can be efficiently guided. Further, the disk does not necessarily have to be rotatable.
<Embodiment 13: Effect>

With the agricultural machine of this embodiment, it is possible to prevent the disposed fertilizer from flowing out due to rainwater or the like, and it is possible to stop the fertilizer disposed at an appropriate location.
<< Embodiment 14 >>
<Embodiment 14: Overview>

This embodiment is based on Embodiment 5 or 6, and covers the fertilizer arranged using the soil dug a groove, thereby preventing the fertilizer from flowing out due to rainwater or the like. In particular, it has a feature in that the function of digging a groove and the function of covering the dug soil are realized integrally.
<Embodiment 14: Configuration>

  In the agricultural machine of the present embodiment, the fertilizer placement unit has a rear guide rod means having a second fertilizer discharge port. FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a fertilizer placement unit of the present embodiment. Fig.14 (a) is the perspective view of the said fertilizer arrangement | positioning part, FIG.14 (b) is the figure which looked at the said fertilizer arrangement | positioning part from the side. The white arrow in the figure indicates the traveling direction of the agricultural machine.

  The “rear guide rod means” (1401) has a function of dropping the dug soil from its rear end while digging a groove for arranging the fertilizer, and has a second fertilizer discharge port. As shown in the drawing, the rear guide rod means has a shape that is cut off at the rear end through a back surface (1403) inclined upward from the end portion on the traveling direction side. The end of the traveling direction may be provided with a toothed tooth (1404) so that a groove can be dug even if the soil is hard soil or soil mixed with stone. Both side surfaces with respect to the traveling direction are formed to be higher than the back surface. Then, the agricultural machine is joined to the tubular member (1402) for holding the rear guide rod means at a position in front of the rear end on the back surface.

  The “second fertilizer discharge port” is provided in the rear guide rod means and has a function of dropping the fertilizer into a groove dug so as to be covered with soil dropped from the rear end. In the figure, the fertilizer is configured to be discharged via the tubular member described above, but may be configured to be discharged using a member separate from the tubular member.

  The guidance of the dug soil and the arrangement of the fertilizer will be described in particular with reference to FIG. When the agricultural machine proceeds in the traveling direction indicated by the white arrow in the figure, the soil (1406) excavated by the end of the backward guide rod means on the traveling direction side is indicated by the broken line arrow (1405) in the figure. As shown in FIG. 2, the guide member is guided to the back surface (1403) and falls from the rear end without dropping to the side by the action of both side surfaces higher than the back surface. Here, the fertilizer (1407) dropped from the tubular member (1402) serving as the second fertilizer discharge port located on the traveling direction side from the rear end is disposed in the groove before the soil falls from the rear end. It will be. And the soil which fell from the rear end is covered on the groove | channel in which a fertilizer is arrange | positioned, and the fertilizer arrange | positioned in a groove | channel will be covered with soil (1408), and it can prevent flowing out by rain water etc.

In addition, although the side surface is comprised higher than the back surface so that the soil guided to the back surface may not fall to the side, it is not necessarily limited to this structure. For example, it may be configured so that the soil does not easily go to both sides by, for example, denting the center of the plane along a direction parallel to the traveling direction.
<Embodiment 14: Effect>

By the agricultural machine of this embodiment, soil can be covered with the fertilizer arrange | positioned in the groove | channel, without taking the means for covering soil separately.
<< Embodiment 15 >>
<Embodiment 15: Overview>

This embodiment is based on Embodiment 13 or 14, and relates to an agricultural machine capable of adjusting the depth of a groove to be dug for placing fertilizer.
<Embodiment 15: Configuration>

  The agricultural machine of this embodiment has a shallow and shallow adjustment means for adjusting the depth of the groove that the fertilizer placement unit digs for placing the fertilizer. FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a fertilizer placement unit of the present embodiment. The fertilizer arrangement part of this example has the rear guide rod means of the fourteenth embodiment.

In FIG. 15, the tubular member (1502) joined to the rear guide rod means (1501) includes the member (1503) for adjusting the vertical position and the member (1505) for adjusting the left and right positions. It is attached to a prism member (1504) fixed to the machine body and fixed with screws. By the cooperation of these members, the depth adjustment means for adjusting the depth of the groove dug for arranging the fertilizer is realized.
<Embodiment 15: Effect>

By the agricultural machine of this embodiment, it becomes possible to make the groove | channel for arrange | positioning a fertilizer into a desired depth.
<< Embodiment 16 >>
<Embodiment 16: Overview>

This embodiment is based on any one of Embodiments 5 to 15, and agriculture that also digs up and stands up soil for planting or sowing in the center of a plurality of rows where fertilizers are arranged. It is a machine. It is also an agricultural machine that places seedlings and sows.
<Embodiment 16: Configuration>

  The agricultural machine of this embodiment is provided for digging up or stacking in the central part of a plurality of rows where a cultivation part for soil excavation or dredging for crop planting or sowing is arranged by the fertilizer arrangement part. ing.

  The function of the farming unit can be realized by, for example, a function of performing tilling or standing of a known tiller or tractor. By having such a cultivating part, it is possible to create growing soil such as straw and to arrange the relationship between the position of the growing soil and the position where the fertilizer is disposed in a desired and preferable manner.

Moreover, the agricultural machine may provide a seedling arrangement part. The seedling placement part digs up the central part of a plurality of rows arranged by the fertilizer placement part in order to place the seedling. Moreover, it may replace with a seedling arrangement | positioning part, and may provide a sowing part, and a seed sowing part digs up in the center part of several rows arrange | positioned by the fertilizer arrangement | positioning part in order to plant a seed.
<Embodiment 16: Effect>

  With the agricultural machine according to the present embodiment, operations related to planting a plant such as placement of seedlings and sowing from excavating and setting up soil can be performed at an appropriate position with the fertilizer to be arranged.

The figure for demonstrating the initial fertilizer arrangement position of the growth method of the crop of Embodiment 1. The figure explaining the growth method of the crop of Embodiment 2 The figure explaining the growth method of the crop of Embodiment 3 Figure for explaining the procedure of the placement of the initial fertilizer on both sides of the cocoon The schematic diagram which shows an example of the agricultural machine of Embodiment 5. The figure for demonstrating an example of a structure of an adjustment part. The figure for explaining the state of fertilizer coating by the outside use mechanism Diagram for explaining the function of the inner use mechanism Diagram showing an example of distribution plate The figure which shows an example of a specific structure of a fertilizer application hopper and a fertilizer discharge pipe The figure which shows an example of a structure with a fertilizer discharge pipe and an interval change mechanism The figure which shows an example of a fertilizer hopper The partial view which shows an example of the agricultural machine of Embodiment 12. The figure for demonstrating the arrangement position of the fertilizer of Example 1. The figure for contrasting the growth result of the broad bean of Example 1 The figure for contrasting the growth result of the snap pea of Example 2 The figure for comparing the growth result of the okra of Example 3 A conceptual diagram showing an example of a fertilizer arrangement part of Embodiment 13. A conceptual diagram showing an example of a fertilizer arrangement part of Embodiment 14. A conceptual diagram showing an example of a fertilizer arrangement part of Embodiment 15.

Growing soil 0101, 0601
Early crops 0102a, 0202, 1102
Grown crop 0102b
Initial fertilizer 0103, 0203, 1103
畝 0201, 0301, 0701, 1101
Both sides of the bag 0204
Fertilizer 0303, 0406, 0504, 0602, 0702
Fertilizer outlet 0304
Fertilizer surface discharge pipe 0306
Distribution plate 0305, 0801
Fertilizer hopper 0401, 0501, 0901, 1001
Fertilizer discharge tube 0402, 0502, 0904
Rotary blade 0403, 0604, 1003
Standing board 0404
Covering soil A 0407a
Covering soil B 0407b
Fertilizer diffusion plate 0503
Diffusion tube 0505
Fertilizer arrangement part 0603
Inside use mechanism 0405, 0703, 1006
Disc 0408, 0704
Coating material 0409
Expansion board 0802
Container fixing belt 0902
Partition plate 0903
Support rod 0905, 1012
Support band 0906, 1013
Rear tire 1014
Hopper mount 1002
Front fertilizer discharge pipe 1004a
Rear fertilizer discharge pipe 1004b
Fertilizer A 1005a
Fertilizer B 1005b
PTO axis 0507, 1010
Chain box 1011

Claims (17)

For early crops,
Place the initial fertilizer at a position that is laterally separated from this crop planting position in the growing soil,
A method for growing a crop that makes it difficult for the roots to reach the initial fertilizer placement position at least until the crop is grown. The growing soil is straw,
The initial fertilizer placement position is continuous or intermittent two rows on both sides of the heel,
The method for growing a crop according to claim 1, wherein a crop planting position of the crop at an early stage of growth is substantially in the center of the straw. The growing soil is straw,
The initial fertilizer placement position is
Continuous or intermittent multiple rows on both sides of the heel and in the heel,
The crop planting position of the early growing crop is:
The method for growing a crop according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer is arranged in a row and a substantially center of the row.   The method for growing a crop according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a residual soil fertilizer or / and a slight amount of fertilizer in the previous crop are included in the growing soil at the crop planting position of the crop in the early growth stage. An agricultural machine for placing fertilizer in the growing soil of a crop,
An agricultural machine having a fertilizer arrangement part that arranges fertilizers continuously or intermittently in a plurality of rows at predetermined intervals at the same time. The fertilizer placement part is
The agricultural machine according to claim 5, further comprising an adjusting unit that adjusts the predetermined interval. The adjusting unit is
A fertilizer discharge pipe that drops the fertilizer on the growing soil;
An interval changing mechanism for changing the interval of the fertilizer discharge port of the fertilizer discharge pipe;
The agricultural machine according to claim 6 consisting of. The adjusting unit is
A fertilizer surface discharge pipe for dropping the fertilizer into a plane on the growing soil;
A distribution plate that distributes the fertilizer dropped from the fertilizer planar discharge pipe to the growing soil at a predetermined interval;
The agricultural machine according to claim 6 consisting of.   The fertilizer coating mechanism further includes a fertilizer coating mechanism that covers the fertilizer arranged continuously or intermittently in a plurality of rows at predetermined intervals in the fertilizer placement section by shaving a part of the soil of the growing soil. Agricultural machinery as described.   10. The agricultural machine according to claim 9, wherein the fertilizer coating mechanism is an outside use mechanism that cuts a part of soil of growing soil outside the row of fertilizers arranged continuously or intermittently in the plurality of rows to make dredging.   The agricultural machine according to claim 9, wherein the fertilizer coating mechanism is an inner utilization mechanism that cuts a part of soil of growing soil inside the row of fertilizers arranged continuously or intermittently in the plurality of rows. The fertilizer placement part is
Side digging means for guiding the dug soil to its side while digging a groove for placing fertilizer,
A first fertilizer outlet provided in the side guide rod means for dropping the fertilizer into the dug groove;
Soil covering means for covering the fertilizer arranged with the soil guided to the side by the side guide rod means;
The agricultural machine according to claim 5 or 6. The fertilizer placement part is
While digging a groove for placing fertilizer, it has a rear guide rod means to drop the dug soil from its rear end,
The rear guide rod means is
The agricultural machine according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a second fertilizer discharge port for dropping the fertilizer into a groove dug so as to be covered with soil dropped from the rear end.   The agricultural machine according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the fertilizer placement part has a depth adjustment means for adjusting a depth of a groove to be dug for placing the fertilizer.   The cultivation part which performs soil excavation or dredging for crop planting or sowing is provided for excavating or stacking in the central part of a plurality of rows arranged by the fertilizer arrangement part. The agricultural machine as described in any one.   The agricultural machine according to any one of claims 5 to 15, wherein a seedling arrangement part for arranging seedlings is provided for digging up a central part of a plurality of rows arranged by the fertilizer arrangement part.   The agricultural machine according to any one of claims 5 to 15, wherein a sowing part for sowing is provided for digging up a central part of a plurality of rows arranged by the fertilizer arranging part.