JP2012511014A - 神経変成疾患を治療する方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2008年12月5日に提出した米国仮特許出願番号61/120,121に対する優先権を主張する。米国仮特許出願整理番号61/120,121の全内容は、参照することで本明細書に組み入れられる。
本開示は、CD40およびCD40Lの相互作用を遮断する化合物を治療有効量投与することによって神経変性または神経筋の障害を持つ患者を治療する方法を記述する。本開示は、CD40およびCD40Lの相互作用を遮断する化合物を、CD28とCD86との相互作用またはCD28とCD80との相互作用を遮断する化合物と共に、患者に共投与(co-administering)することによって治療する方法を記述する。
以下の略語がここで使われる:筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS);スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ1(SOD1)、T細胞受容体(TCR)、主要組織適合抗原(MHC)、抗原表示細胞(APC)、リン酸緩衝食塩水(PBS)、相補性決定領域(CDR)。「IP」は腹腔内を意味し、「IV」は静脈内を意味する。
本開示の方法で使われる化合物を、G93Aマウスモデルを用いてその有効性を評価することができる(Tu PH etal.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996;93:3155−60 and Gurney ME.et al.J Neurol Sci 1997;152(Suppl1):S67−73を参照)。このモデルは、グリシンからアラニンへの変異を位置93に含むヒトSOD1遺伝子の23コピーをマウスゲノムに挿入することによって作成された。これらのマウスは、このモデルを疾病の改変的介入をテストするための選択肢で現在利用出来る最良のものであり、ヒト孤発性型と家族性型の疾病の病理学的に最も主要な点を正確に要約している。
実施例1に詳細に記述するように、病状進行中の様々な時点における野生型マウスとG93Aマウスについてゲノム全域にわたる発現プロファイル解析を遂行した。2つの群間で異なった形で発現したと同定された遺伝子を解析し、また得られたデータを用いて、スクリーンされる薬剤を選択する事に焦点をあてた。異なった形で発現した遺伝子は、CD86、CD44、ICAM、ITGAM、ITGAITGAX、ITGB2、H2−K1(MHCII)、H2AB1(MHCII)、H2−D1(MHCII)、およびH2−Eb1(MHCII)などの免疫応答および細胞接着に関与する遺伝子を含む。これらのデータは、病状進行中に炎症性サインが増加し、共刺激経路の関与と一致していることを示す。共刺激経路は、CD28/CD80、CD28/CD86、もしくはCD40/CD40Lの相互作用を経由した細胞型間での相互作用に関わり、そのうちのいくつかを遺伝子発現解析中に同定した。
前述の障害を治療するために、本開示の方法に従って使用する医薬組成物は、1以上の生理学的に許容できるキャリアを用いる通常の様式で処方して良い。薬学的に許容し得るキャリアは、投与される特定の組成物ならびに該組成物を投与するために用いた特定の方法によって部分的に決定される。従って、本開示の方法に有用な化合物の非常に様々な好適な処方がある。(例えば、Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy,20th ed.,Gennaro et al.Eds.,Lippincott Williams and Wilkins,2000を参照)
実施例1
ALSのG93Aマウスモデルの神経変性の分子機構の特性評価
治療法の開発に適した分子経路を識別するために、G93Aマウスモデルでの疾患の進行中において、遺伝子発現パターンの変化を特徴づけた。全ゲノム転写プロファイリングを、アフィメトリックジーンチップ(登録商標)マウス発現セット430vll(Affymetrix GeneChip(登録商標)Mouse Expression set 430vll)MOE430vllのジーンチップを使用して検討した。長期的な研究設計は、非トランスジェニックの同腹子のG93A骨格筋と脊髄を比較して採用した。G93Aマウスモデルにおいて、症状の発現は、開始して75日目で最初に後肢、次に前肢、最後に横隔膜の進行性麻痺とともに尾の麻痺として確認する。G93A動物群体の平均生存期間は134日間である。継続的な研究設計は、生後30、50、60、80、90、100、110および120日(0日は生まれた日)のG93A動物および野生型の複数の同腹子からふくらはぎの筋肉(腓腹筋)や脊髄を収集した。それぞれの時点において、組織を5種の野生型および5種のG93A動物から収集し、合計160の組織について独立して処理した。
骨格筋および末梢神経系の抗原提示細胞の特性評価
G93Aおよび野生型動物の腓腹筋における抗原提示細胞の存在および局在性を判断するために、免疫組織化学的検査を、生後110日にてG93Aおよび野生型マウスから採取した腓腹筋の組織に実施した。採取後すぐに、組織をOCT内に埋め込んだ。凍結切片を、H&E染色して、ミエリンに対する抗体(抗S100b抗体)、またはT細胞(抗CD3抗体)、B細胞(CD45RパンB細胞抗体)およびマクロファージ(抗CD11b抗体)を含む造血細胞系統に対する抗体を用いてハイブリダイズした。生後110日において、骨格筋を支配する神経の軸索に局在するCD11b陽性マクロファージおよびマクロファージ出現の浸潤があった。マクロファージの局在は、全体の筋肉に分散されておらず、炎症が筋萎縮や筋線維の再構築によるものではないことを示唆している。
G93A組織におけるMR1の薬物動態分析
ネズミ科のCD40Lに対するMR1の組織レベルを、サンドイッチ法の非競合的な酵素結合免疫吸着法(ELISA)である、一致する行列(matrix matched)を用いて決定した。各プレート上に、7点標準曲線を含んでいた。標準液を、精製されたMR1をPBS希釈溶液に添加したものを使用して調製した。PBS希釈溶液を、未知の試料の等量希釈にて正常マウス組織とマトリクス整合させ、組織溶解物に起因する任意の特異的でない影響を補正した。
MR1が疾患の発症を遅らせ、疾患の進行を遅くし、ALSのG93Aマウスモデルの生存期間を長くする。
36匹の同腹子の雌のG93Aマウスを2群に無作為に分けた。18匹のG93AマウスをMRI−処理群に配置し、他の18匹のG93Aマウスを対照群に配置した。研究日は、誕生からの日数に基づく。
最適化された投与およびメタ分析は、MR1処置が疾患の発症を遅らせて、SOD1G93マウスの生存率を改善するということを証明する。
同腹子の60匹の雌および36匹の雄のG93Aマウスを無作為的に治療群および対照群に分けた。雌のうちの30匹および雄のうちの18匹のマウスを生後50日からMR1を用いて治療した。試験日は、出生した日に基づく。
Claims (24)
- 神経変性障害または神経筋障害を有する患者を治療する方法であって、前記患者へ治療上有効量のCD40およびCD40Lの相互作用を遮断する化合物を投与することを含む、方法。
- 化合物が抗CD40L抗体もしくは抗CD40抗体もしくは小分子である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 障害がアルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、重症筋無力症、多巣性運動ニューロパチー、原発性側索硬化症、脊髄性筋萎縮症、ケネディ病、または脊髄小脳失調症である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 化合物が抗CD40L抗体もしくは抗CD40抗体または小分子である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 化合物が抗CD40L抗体である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 化合物が小分子である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 抗CD40L抗体が、MR1、5c8、IDEC、131/E6040、クローン24−31、ABI793、ImxM90、ImxM91、ImxM92またはSgn−40である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 抗CD40L抗体がMR1である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 抗CD40L抗体が5c8である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 障害が筋萎縮性側索硬化症である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 化合物が抗CD40L抗体である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- CD40L抗体が、MR1、5c8、IDEC、131/E6040、クローン24−31、ABI793、ImxM90、ImxM91、ImxM92またはSgn−40である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 抗CD40L抗体がMR1である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 抗CD40L抗体が5c8である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 神経変性障害または神経筋障害を有する患者を治療する方法であって、前記患者へ治療上有効量のCD40およびCD40Lの相互作用を遮断する化合物を、CD28およびCD68の間またはCD28およびCD80の間の相互作用を遮断する化合物と組み合わせて投与することを含む、方法。
- CD40およびCD40Lの相互作用を遮断する化合物が、抗CD40L抗体もしくは抗CD40抗体もしくは小分子である、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 障害がアルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、重症筋無力症、多巣性運動ニューロパチー、原発性側索硬化症、脊髄性筋萎縮症、ケネディ病または脊髄小脳失調症である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- CD40およびCD40Lの相互作用を遮断する化合物が、抗CD40L抗体または抗CD40抗体である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- CD40およびCD40Lの相互作用を遮断する化合物が、MR1または5c8である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 障害が筋萎縮性側索硬化症である、請求項19に記載の方法。
- CD28およびCD86の間またはCD28およびCD80の間の相互作用を遮断する化合物が、CTLA4−Ig融合タンパク質である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- CD28およびCD86の間またはCD28およびCD80の間の相互作用を遮断する化合物が、アバタセプト、ベラタセプトまたはグリキシマブである、請求項18に記載の方法。
- CD40およびCD40Lの相互作用を遮断する化合物が、MR1もしくは5c8である、請求項22に記載の方法。
- CD28およびCD86の間またはCD28およびCD80の間の相互作用を遮断する化合物が、アバタセプトまたはベラタセプトである、請求項23に記載の方法。
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JP2018510132A (ja) * | 2015-02-03 | 2018-04-12 | エイエルエス・セラピー・デベロップメント・インスティテュートALS Therapy Development Institute | Cd40l関連疾患または障害を治療するための抗cd40l抗体及び方法 |
JP2021054826A (ja) * | 2015-02-03 | 2021-04-08 | エイエルエス・セラピー・デベロップメント・インスティテュートALS Therapy Development Institute | Cd40l関連疾患または障害を治療するための抗cd40l抗体及び方法 |
US11014990B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 | 2021-05-25 | Als Therapy Development Institute | Anti-CD40L antibodies |
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EP2367849B1 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
WO2010065819A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
US8435514B2 (en) | 2013-05-07 |
ES2650267T3 (es) | 2018-01-17 |
US20110293612A1 (en) | 2011-12-01 |
JP6027646B2 (ja) | 2016-11-16 |
EP2367849A1 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
DK2367849T3 (en) | 2018-01-22 |
JP2015157852A (ja) | 2015-09-03 |
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