JP2011149696A - Impact testing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an impact testing device capable of applying a shock nearly equivalent to that of a fall test to a specimen with high reproducibility without increasing the height of the device. <P>SOLUTION: The shock testing device includes: an impact block; a movable table that is disposed on the impact block, has an opening for passing the impact block, and places the specimen, namely a transport package in a nearly rectangular solid shape on the opening; a drive means of driving down the movable table toward the impact block so that the specimen hits against the impact block; an attitude holding means of holding the attitude of the specimen by sandwiching the specimen between the attitude holding means and the movable table; and a control means of causing the movable table to descend and controlling the attitude holding means so that the attitude holding means retreats from the specimen immediately before the specimen collides with the impact block. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an impact test apparatus for applying an impact to a packaged cargo equivalent to that when it is naturally dropped.

In order to evaluate whether or not the protection of the packaging against the drop impact that the packaged cargo receives in the distribution process is appropriate, a drop test defined in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 is performed.
JIS Z 0200: 1999 "Packaging cargo-General rules for evaluation test methods" JIS Z 0202: 1994 "Packaging cargo-Drop test method"

  The drop test apparatus shown in Non-Patent Document 2 includes a lifting means for lifting a specimen that is a packaged cargo to a drop height, a separating means for separating the specimen from the lifting means, and a specimen that is separated and dropped. And a falling surface that collides. Instead of dropping the test piece alone instead of dropping the test piece, place the test piece on the impact table and lift it by lifting means, drop the test piece together with the impact table, and collide with the impact waveform generation means. An impact test device may be used.

  Moreover, as a drop test prescribed | regulated to nonpatent literature 1 and 2, the surface fall which makes one surface of a test piece collide with a fall surface, the ridge fall which makes the edge of a test piece collide with a fall surface, There is a corner drop that causes the corner to collide with the falling surface. For this reason, the drop test device and the impact test device are provided with posture holding means for holding the posture of the specimen so that any one of the surface, ridge and corner of the specimen faces the drop surface and the shock waveform generating means. Is desired.

  In such a drop test apparatus and impact test apparatus, the specimen is naturally dropped by gravity, so the height of the apparatus is at least larger than the sum of the dimensions of the specimen and the drop height. In particular, when performing corner drop, the height of the device is larger than the sum of the diagonal length of the specimen and the drop height.

  Further, in the drop test apparatus, the specimen is separated from the posture holding means by the separating means, and therefore, in the eccentric specimen, the posture of the specimen may change during the fall. This is particularly noticeable when performing ridge drops or corner drops. If the posture of the specimen changes, there arises a problem that the reproducibility of the test result of the drop test is lowered.

  On the other hand, the impact test apparatus is configured such that the specimen falls while the attitude of the specimen is held by the attitude holding means, but an unnecessary load is applied from the attitude holding means at the time of collision with the impact waveform generating means. There is a problem of joining the specimen. Further, in the impact test apparatus, since the specimen is dropped on the impact table, the specimen collides with the shock wave generating means through the bottom surface of the impact table. That is, the impact load received by the specimen during a collision is affected by not only the weight of the specimen and the collision speed but also the rigidity and elasticity of the bottom surface of the impact table. As described above, the impact test by the impact test apparatus was not completely equivalent to the drop test.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described object. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide an impact test apparatus that can apply an impact that is substantially equivalent to a drop test to a specimen with high reproducibility without increasing the height of the apparatus.

  In order to achieve the above object, an impact test apparatus according to the present invention is an impact block and a substantially rectangular parallelepiped package cargo which is provided on the impact block and has an opening for passing the impact block. A movable table in which a specimen is placed on the opening, driving means for driving the movable table downward toward the impact block and causing the specimen to collide with the impact block, and a specimen Posture holding means for holding the posture of the specimen by being sandwiched between the movable table and attitude holding so that the movable table is lowered and the posture holding means is retracted from the specimen immediately before the specimen collides with the impact block. Control means for controlling the means.

  As described above, the impact test apparatus of the present invention can cause the specimen to collide with the impact block at a desired speed by the driving means, instead of letting the specimen fall naturally. For this reason, since the space | interval of the test object and impact block before a test start can be made smaller than the fall height at the time of natural fall, the height direction dimension of an apparatus can be suppressed. Further, the movable table on which the specimen is placed is provided with an opening for allowing the impact block to pass through, and the impact block that has passed through the opening and the specimen are directly collided. Furthermore, since the posture holding means is controlled to be separated from the specimen just before the subject collides with the impact block, no unnecessary load is applied to the specimen from the posture holding means at the time of collision. As a result, an impact that can be said to be almost equivalent to that during the drop test can be applied to the specimen.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1, 2 and 3 are a top view, a front view and a side view of the impact test apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, respectively. 2 are cross-sectional views corresponding to two-dot chain lines A and B in FIG. 1, respectively.

  The impact test apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is a test apparatus for causing a specimen S, which is a packaged cargo, to collide with the upper surface 21a of the impact block 21. The impact test apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is configured such that the specimen S is placed on the movable table 11 and then the movable table 11 is lowered at an arbitrary speed so that the specimen S collides with the impact block 21. Thereby, an impact equivalent to the case where the specimen S is freely dropped from a desired height can be given to the specimen S.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the bottom 11 a of the movable table 11 is formed by combining a plurality of beams made of aluminum in a # shape, and nine openings 11 b of 3 × 3 squares are formed between the beams. Is provided. Also, nine impact blocks 21 are provided so as to be accommodated in the openings 11b. For this reason, when the movable table 11 is at a position lower than the upper surface of the impact block 21, each of the impact blocks 21 passes through the opening 11b. Therefore, even if the movable table 11 is lowered to a position lower than the upper surface 21a of the impact block 21, the bottom 11a of the movable table 11 does not collide with the upper surface 21a of the impact block 21, and only the specimen S on the bottom 11a. Collides with the impact block 21.

  Next, a mechanism for driving the movable table 11 will be described below. In the present embodiment, the movable table 11 is driven in the vertical direction by the feed screw mechanism 30. One set of the feed screw 31 and the nut 32 of the feed screw mechanism 30 are provided on the outer sides of both ends of the movable table 11 in the width direction (left and right direction in FIGS. 1 and 2). A nut fixing plate 12 for fixing the nut 32 to the movable table 11 is fixed to both ends of the movable table 11 in the width direction. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the nut 32 is fixed to the nut fixing plate 12 via a nut gripping member 33. The nut gripping member 33 includes a first portion 33a that grips the nut 32 and a second portion 33b that is fixed to the nut fixing plate 12 with a bolt (not shown). The first part 33a and the second part 33b are arranged side by side in the vertical direction, and both are fixed by bolts (not shown). A load sensor is attached between the first part 33a and the second part 33b, and the magnitude of the load applied between the first part 33a and the second part 33b can be detected.

  The feed screw 31 is rotationally driven by a servo motor 34 via a belt mechanism 35. The belt mechanism 35 is stretched over a drive pulley 35a attached to the drive shaft 34a of the servo motor 34, a driven pulley 35b attached to the lower end of the feed screw 31, and the drive pulley 35a and the driven pulley 35b. And an endless belt 35c. For this reason, when the drive shaft 34a of the servomotor 34 is rotationally driven, the rotational motion is transmitted to the feed screw 31 by the belt mechanism 35, and the feed screw 31 rotates. As shown in the figure, the diameter of the driven pulley 35b is about five times the diameter of the driving pulley 35a. That is, the belt mechanism 35 is a kind of speed reduction mechanism, and the feed screw 31 can be rotated with high torque by the servo motor 34 that can rotate at low speed and at high speed. The ratio of the diameters of the driven pulley 35b and the drive pulley 35a is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment, and the maximum torque of the servo motor 34, the lead of the feed screw 31, It is appropriately selected according to the weight of the specimen S and the like.

  The movable table 11 is guided by the guide mechanism 40 so that the moving direction thereof is only the vertical direction. The guide mechanism 40 includes four guide bars 41 that are fixed to the apparatus frame 2 and a sliding member 42 that is slidable along the guide bar 41. Since the guide bar 41 extends in the vertical direction, and the sliding member 42 is fixed to the nut fixing plate 12 with a bolt (FIG. 1), the moving direction of the movable table 11 is limited to the vertical direction only. .

  As described above, in the impact test apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the movable table 11 can be moved in the vertical direction at a desired speed by the feed screw mechanism 30 and is provided on the movable table 11. The specimen S can collide with the upper surface 21a of the impact block 21 at a desired speed. A proximity sensor 13 is attached to the bottom plate 2 a of the device frame 2. The proximity sensor 13 is disposed directly below the movable table 11 and lower than the upper surface 21a of the impact block 21. When the movable table 11 is in proximity to the proximity sensor 13, the movable table 11 does not further drop. Thus, the servo motor 34 is controlled.

  In the present embodiment, the specimen S is pressed from above onto the movable table 11 by the attitude holding means 50 so that the attitude of the specimen S does not change while the movable table 11 moves downward. It has become. The posture holding means 50 is guided by the guide bar 51 via the four guide bars 51 extending in the vertical direction, the sliding member 52a, and the movable plate 52 movable in the vertical direction along the guide bar 51. An air cylinder unit 53 that drives the plate 52 in the vertical direction with respect to the guide bar 51.

  A top plate 54 is fixed to the upper end of the guide bar 51, and the top plate 54 and the guide bar 51 are integrated. A sleeve 53 b of the air cylinder unit 53 is fixed to the top plate 53. Further, the shaft 53 a of the air cylinder unit 53 is fixed to the movable plate 52. The lower end of the guide bar 51 is welded to the nut fixing plate 12, and the guide bar 51, the top plate 54, and the air cylinder unit 53 are integrated with the movable table 11 and move up and down along the guide bar 41. .

  A pressing block 55 is fixed to the lower surface of the movable plate 52 for abutting and pressing the specimen S. When the air cylinder unit 53 is driven and the top plate 54 is pushed down, the pressing block 55 and the specimen S come into contact with each other, and the specimen S is biased downward (that is, toward the movable table 11). Thus, the posture of the specimen S is maintained between the movable table 11 and the pressing block 55.

  In the lower part of the pressing block 55, a substantially horizontal first contact surface 55a, two second contact surfaces 55b inclined by approximately 45 ° with respect to the horizontal plane, and approximately 43. And three third contact surfaces 55c inclined by 8 °. The second contact surfaces 55b are orthogonal to each other, and any two of the third contact surfaces 55c are orthogonal to each other. Therefore, in a state where the surface of the specimen S, which is a substantially rectangular packaged cargo, is in contact with the first contact surface 55a, the opposite surface is movable as shown in FIGS. Abuts against the table 11. Further, in a state where the two surfaces of the specimen S are in contact with the second contact surface 55 b, the ridge opposite to the ridge formed by the two surfaces contacts the movable table 11. When the three surfaces of the specimen are brought into contact with the third contact surface, the apex formed by the three surfaces other than the three surfaces and the upper surface 21a of the impact block 21 face each other. For this reason, it is possible to select which one of the surface, ridge, and corner of the specimen collides with the impact block 21 depending on which abutment surface of the pressing block 55 is matched with the specimen S.

  In the present embodiment, when the specimen S collides with the impact block 21, the shaft 53a of the air cylinder unit 53 is retracted immediately before the specimen S collides so that an extra load is not applied from the pressing block 55. The pressing block 55 is raised, and the pressing block 55 is pulled away from the specimen S. Specifically, the moving distance of the movable table 11 until the specimen S collides with the impact block S is measured in advance, and when the movable table 11 is lowered by a distance slightly shorter than the moving distance, the air cylinder The unit 53 is controlled so that the pressing block 55 is separated from the specimen S.

  As described above, in the impact test apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the movable table 11 is lowered by the feed screw mechanism 30 driven by the servo motor 34 and the specimen S is caused to collide with the impact block 21 at a desired speed. Thus, an impact equivalent to that when the specimen S is naturally dropped from a height corresponding to this speed can be given to the specimen S. Since the feed screw mechanism 30 can lower the movable table 11 at an acceleration equal to or higher than the gravitational acceleration, the lowering distance of the movable table 11 can be made smaller than the drop height when an equivalent drop test is performed. As a result, the height dimension can be reduced as compared with a drop test apparatus having an equivalent function.

  In the present embodiment, the specimen S collides with the impact block 21 in a state where the attitude of the specimen S is held by the attitude holding means 50, so that a highly stable drop impact test can be performed. It has become. Further, the impact test apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment can select which of the surface, ridge, or corner of the specimen S collides with the impact block 21, and includes a surface drop test, a ridge drop test, and a corner drop test. An equivalent drop impact test can be performed. In addition, in the impact test apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, since the pressing block 55 is separated from the specimen S just before the specimen S collides, an extra load is not applied to the specimen S at the time of the collision. It is possible to perform almost the same impact test as a drop test by natural fall.

  The impact test apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment can also be used as a compression test apparatus for applying a compressive load to the specimen S. When a compression test is performed, the specimen S is placed on the impact block 21 and the movable table 11 is lowered by the feed screw mechanism 30 to compress the specimen S between the movable table 11 and the impact block 21. A load can be applied. The magnitude of the compressive load at this time is detected by the load sensor 33c (FIGS. 2 and 3).

1 is a top view of an impact test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the impact test device of an embodiment of the invention. It is a side view of the impact test device of an embodiment of the invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Impact test apparatus 11 Movable table 12 Nut fixing plate 21 Impact block 30 Feed screw mechanism 31 Feed screw 32 Nut 33 Nut grip member 33c Load sensor 34 Servo motor 35 Belt mechanism 35a Drive pulley 35b Driven pulley 35c Endless belt 40 Guide mechanism 50 Attitude holding means 51 Guide bar 52 Movable plate 53 Air cylinder unit 53a Shaft 55 Press block 55a First contact surface 55b Second contact surface 55c Third contact surface S Specimen

Claims (8)

An impact block,
The test body is disposed on the impact block, provided with an opening for allowing the impact block to pass therethrough, and a specimen which is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped packaged cargo is placed on the opening. A movable table,
Drive means for driving the movable table downward toward the impact block to cause the specimen to collide with the impact block;
Posture holding means for holding the posture of the specimen by sandwiching the specimen with the movable table;
Control means for controlling the posture holding means so as to retract the posture holding means from the specimen immediately before the movable table is lowered and the specimen collides with the impact block;
An impact test apparatus.   The impact test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit drives the movable table by a servo motor and a feed screw mechanism.   The servo motor is driven by a belt-pulley mechanism comprising a drive pulley provided on the servo motor side, a driven pulley provided on the feed screw side, and an endless belt stretched over the drive and driven pulleys. The impact test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the shaft and the feed screw are connected to each other.   4. The impact test apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the diameter of the driven pulley is 3 to 10 times the diameter of the drive pulley.   5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the posture holding unit includes a pressing block that comes into contact with the specimen, and a pressing block driving unit that drives the pressing block so as to be separated from the specimen. 6. The impact test apparatus according to the above.   6. The impact test apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the pressing block driving means includes an air cylinder unit.   The lower part of the pressing block has a first contact surface that can contact one surface of the specimen, a second contact surface that can contact two surfaces constituting the ridge of the specimen, and the specimen. The impact test apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein three surfaces constituting the corner of the specimen and a third contact surface capable of contacting are formed.   8. The impact test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a load sensor for measuring a load applied to the movable table is provided between the movable table and the driving unit. 9.

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