JP2007060437A - Recording and reproducing apparatus, recording and reproducing method, and computer program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology capable of reproducing a moving picture whose camera shake is corrected in the precision unit of less than one pixel, and obtaining a still picture with excellent resolution from the moving picture. <P>SOLUTION: In the case of recording the moving picture, an area shift circuit 111 carries out camera shake correction in the unit of one pixel by applying shift processing of rounding off fractional pixels less than one pixel to motion amounts detected by a motion detection circuit 110. In the case that the recorded moving picture is outputted as a still picture, a super resolution processing circuit 113 uses the picture whose camera shake is corrected in the unit of one pixel to carry out super resolution processing. Further, when moving picture data are reproduced, an area shift circuit 119 carries out interpolation processing on the basis of the motion amount in the unit of less than one pixel detected by the motion detection circuit 110 to execute display. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a recording / reproducing apparatus, a recording / reproducing method, and a computer program, which are suitable for use in recording and reproducing images.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an imaging apparatus that captures a moving image, a camera shake that occurs during shooting is corrected, and a moving image that has been corrected for the camera shake is recorded on a recording medium.
There is a technique described in Patent Document 1 as a method of correcting camera shake that occurs during shooting of such a moving image.

  In such a technique, the imaging apparatus has angular velocity sensors in the pitch direction and the yaw direction, and calculates an angular displacement by integrating the angular velocities in the pitch direction and the yaw direction detected by the angular velocity sensor. Then, the imaging device calculates the amount of pixel movement on the imaging device caused by camera shake from the calculated angular displacement, that is, the shake angle of the imaging device and the focal length of the photographing lens. Thereafter, the imaging apparatus reads an image signal from the imaging area of the imaging element or a corresponding area of the field memory so as to cancel the calculated pixel movement, and performs pixel interpolation and line interpolation on the read image signal. By doing so, it is possible to correct camera shake occurring during shooting with an accuracy of less than one pixel.

By the way, in an imaging apparatus that captures a moving image as described above, after recording the captured moving image, the recorded moving image is cut out and output as a still image. Thus, when outputting a moving image as a still image, it is preferable to increase the resolution and output a still image. Therefore, as described in Non-Patent Document 1, a technique called super-resolution processing has been proposed.
In such a technique, a plurality of images before and after a still image to be output are combined with the still image to form a high-resolution still image higher than the resolution originally possessed by the still image.

JP-A-11-266391 Shin Aoki, “Super-resolution processing using multiple digital image data”, Ricoh Technical Report No. 24, November 1998, p. 19-25

  However, as in the conventional technique described above, a moving image recorded with camera shake correction with an accuracy of less than one pixel is subjected to pixel interpolation and line interpolation in the correction process, and therefore, high-frequency components of the image are missing. is doing. Therefore, when the above-described super-resolution processing is performed by combining a plurality of frames before and after the recorded moving image, the relative displacement between frames is corrected by less than one pixel in the first place. It is difficult to obtain a frame preferable for super-resolution processing. Even if it can be obtained, a good still image cannot be obtained by super-resolution processing because the resolution of each frame is impaired.

As described above, in the related art, when camera shake correction is performed on a captured moving image with an accuracy of less than one pixel, it is difficult to obtain a still image with a good resolution from the moving image. was there.
The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and enables a moving image to be reproduced by correcting camera shake with an accuracy of less than one pixel, and a still image having a good resolution can be obtained from the moving image. The purpose is to do so.

  The recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention includes a motion detecting unit that detects a motion amount generated in the recording / reproducing device when a moving image is captured, and a value of one pixel or more of the motion amount detected by the motion detecting unit. A first correction unit that performs shake correction by a cut-out process of the captured image, a recording unit that records the moving image corrected by the first correction unit on a recording medium, and a moving image recorded on the recording medium And a second correction unit that reads an image and performs correction by pixel interpolation based on a motion amount of less than one pixel detected by the motion detection unit.

  According to the recording / reproducing method of the present invention, a motion detection step for detecting a motion amount generated in a recording / reproduction device when a moving image is captured, and a value of one or more pixels among the motion amounts detected by the motion detection step. Based on the first correction step for performing shake correction by the cut-out processing of the captured image, a recording step for recording the moving image corrected by the first correction step on a recording medium, and a moving image recorded on the recording medium A second correction step of reading an image and performing correction by pixel interpolation based on a motion amount of less than one pixel detected by the motion detection step.

  The computer program of the present invention is based on a motion detection step for detecting a motion amount generated in a recording / reproducing apparatus when a moving image is captured, and a value of one or more pixels among the motion amounts detected by the motion detection step. Thus, a first correction step for performing shake correction by the cut-out processing of the captured image, a recording step for recording the moving image corrected by the first correction step on a recording medium, and a moving image recorded on the recording medium , And causing the computer to execute a second correction step in which correction is performed by pixel interpolation based on the amount of motion of less than one pixel detected in the motion detection step.

  According to the present invention, a moving image in which shake is corrected based on a value of one or more pixels among the amount of movement generated when a moving image is captured is recorded on a recording medium, and the recorded moving image is read out to be one pixel. Therefore, the recorded moving image can be reproduced smoothly and a high-resolution still image can be obtained from the recorded moving image.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a digital video camera that is an example of the recording / reproducing apparatus of the present embodiment.
In FIG. 1, a CPU 120 performs overall control of the recording / reproducing apparatus, and sends a control command to each element surrounded by a broken line in FIG. For example, a program recorded in a ROM (not shown) is controlled by using a RAM (not shown) as a work area. The operation unit 121 includes a button switch operated by a user of the recording / reproducing apparatus, a dial switch, and the like. By operating the operation unit 121, for example, the user can issue a power-on instruction for the recording / reproducing apparatus, a moving image shooting instruction, a moving image reproduction instruction, a still image output instruction, and the like.

  The optical system 101 includes a photographic lens and forms a subject image. The image sensor 102 includes, for example, a CCD (Charge Coupled Devices), and converts the subject image formed by the optical system 101 into an analog electrical signal. The A / D converter 103 converts the analog electrical signal output from the image sensor 102 into a digital electrical signal (image data).

  The field memory 104 temporarily stores the image data converted into a digital electric signal by the A / D converter 103 (one field period). The image data temporarily stored in the field memory 104 is read based on the motion amount of the recording / reproducing apparatus detected by the motion detection circuit 110, as will be described later.

  The signal processing circuit 105 converts the image data into a luminance color difference signal by performing YC separation, white balance calculation, aperture correction, gamma correction, and the like on the image data read from the field memory 104.

Here, YC separation means that the luminance signal and the color difference signal are separated with high accuracy. Aperture correction refers to correcting a low-pass effect (which is the occurrence of a fine pattern blur, also referred to as an aperture effect) caused by an aperture (aperture) of the image sensor 102. By this aperture correction, the change in the signal value is emphasized. The γ correction is to correct the ratio between the input voltage and the output voltage. By this γ correction, a more natural image can be obtained.
As described above, the signal processing circuit 105 converts the image data read from the field memory 104 into a luminance color difference signal.

The resizing circuit 106 converts the size of the image data converted into the luminance color difference signal by the signal processing circuit 105 into a size according to a predetermined moving image compression format. More specifically, the resizing circuit 106 converts the size of the image data converted into the luminance color difference signal by the signal processing circuit 105 into, for example, a VGA size of 640 horizontal pixels and 480 vertical lines.
The memory controller 107 controls the reading position of the image data stored in the memory 108, the reading position of the image data recorded on the recording medium 118, the writing position of the image data stored in the memory 108, and the like. . The switch 109 selects one of the A / D converter 103 and the decompression circuit 111. Specifically, the switch 109 selects the output of the A / D converter 103 during recording of a moving image (during shooting), and the switch 109 selects the output of the decompression circuit 111 during reproduction of the moving image. To do.

  By selecting the switch 109, the motion detection circuit 110 receives image data converted into a digital electric signal by the A / D converter 103 during the recording of the moving image, and an expansion circuit during the reproduction of the moving image. The image data expanded in 111 is input. Then, by using the input image data and the image data input immediately before the image data, the amount of movement of the recording / playback apparatus (so-called camera shake amount, hereinafter referred to as the amount of camera shake) generated when a moving image is captured. Abbreviated as “motion amount”).

Here, with reference to FIG. 2, the amount of motion between image data input before and after is described in detail.
2A, reference numeral 601 denotes an entire imaging region of the image sensor 102, reference numeral 602 denotes a clipping frame necessary as a video signal in the entire imaging region 601 of the image sensor 102, and reference numeral 603 denotes an object photographed by the photographer. .
If the image data cut out by the cutout frame 602 is projected at this time, the video shown in FIG. 2C, reference numeral 604 denotes a video area on the display device 116 that reproduces a video signal, and reference numeral 603 ′ denotes a subject reproduced in the video area 604 of the display device 116. FIG. 2B shows a change in the image when the user who captures the subject 603 swings the recording / reproducing apparatus in the lower left direction indicated by arrows 605, 605 ′, 605 ″. The subject 603 moves in the upper right direction indicated by the arrow 606 on the entire imaging area 601 surface.

In this state, as described in FIG. 2A, when image data is cut out using a cutout frame 602 ′ at the same position as the cutout frame 602, image data in which the subject 603 has moved by the vector amount indicated by the arrow 606 is obtained. It will be generated.
Here, if the image displacement amount 607 obtained from the shake amount of the recording / reproducing apparatus, that is, the shake correction target value is used to move from the cutout frame 602 ′ to the broken line frame position 602 ″ and the image data is cut out, FIG. ) Can be obtained.

  That is, the amount of motion between the image data in this case corresponds to the amount of displacement 607, and is specifically represented by a vector calculated by a technique such as pattern matching between both images. Therefore, the amount of movement from one image to the next image is (+3.5 pixels, +1.2 pixels) with the pixel unit in the horizontal direction and the pixel unit in the vertical direction of the image data as basic units, (−2.7 pixels, +4.3 pixels) and the like are expressed by the number of pixels in the horizontal direction (integer part + decimal part) and the number of pixels in the vertical direction (integer part + decimal part).

Next, extraction of captured image data using the motion detection circuit 110 during recording of a moving image will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 701 denotes the entire image data input to the field memory 104, and reference numeral 702 denotes each pixel unit constituting the entire image data 701. Reference numerals 703 and 704 denote cutout frames similar to the cutout frame 602 in FIG. First, a case where image data is cut out with the cutout frame 703 as the first image will be described. This image data is stored in the field memory 104.

  First, pixels to be cut off in order from the pixel “S” in the direction indicated by the arrow 704 are determined. Then, scanning is performed while determining a pixel to be discarded up to a pixel immediately before the pixel “A”. Next, scanning is performed while determining pixels from the pixel “A” to the pixel “F” as pixels to be cut out, and pixels from the pixel next to the pixel “F” to the pixel immediately before the pixel “G” are again discarded. Scan. By repeating this, a pixel surrounded by the cutout frame 703 is determined as a pixel to be cut out, and only the pixels surrounded by the cutout frame 703 are left.

Next, as described with reference to FIG. 2, the movement of the cutout position when the imaging surface moves due to the movement of the recording / reproducing apparatus will be described.
Since the image data input before and after the field memory 104 is also input to the motion detection circuit 110 via the switch 109, the motion detection circuit 110 can detect the amount of motion between the two image data as described above. Detected. In the cutout process (cutout process during moving image shooting) here, the fractional part representing the amount of motion of less than one pixel among the detected amount of motion is discarded. For example, if the detected amount of motion is (+3.2 pixels, +1.3 pixels), each decimal part is discarded and only the integer part is left (+3 pixels, +1 pixel).

In FIG. 3, an arrow 705 represents a vector (+3 pixels, +1 pixel) in which only the integer part is left from the detected motion amount. Therefore, if the cutout frame 703 is changed to the cutout frame 704, image data after cutout with no movement (shake) of the subject with a shake amount of one pixel or more can be obtained.
Specifically, by changing the previous cutout start position from the pixel “A” to the pixel “B” in order to change the cutout position, the entire imaging of the image data is performed in the same manner as the cutout from the pixel “A”. A part of the image can be selectively cut out from the area 701 to obtain cut-out image data.

Returning to FIG. 1 again, each component will be described.
The resizing circuit 114 converts the size of the image data read from the memory 108 by the memory controller 107 into a size suitable for display. Specifically, the resizing circuit 114 converts the size of the image data read from the memory 108 by the memory controller 107 into, for example, a size of horizontal 720 pixels and vertical 240 lines.
The video encoder 115 converts the image data whose size has been converted by the resizing circuit 114 into, for example, a video signal such as NTSC or PAL.
The display device 116 includes, for example, a liquid crystal panel and displays the video signal converted by the video encoder 115.

The compression circuit 112 compresses the image data read from the memory 108 by the memory controller 107 according to a predetermined compression format. The image data compressed by the compression circuit 112 is written into the memory 108 by the memory controller 107.
The media IF 117 is an interface between the memory controller 107 and the recording medium 118. The image data compressed by the compression circuit 112 is written into the memory 108 by the memory controller 107, read out by the memory controller 107, and output to the recording medium 118 via the media IF 117.
The recording medium 118 is, for example, a memory card including a flash memory, and records image data output via the media IF 117. At the time of recording a moving image, as described above, an image that has been cut out by cutting out less than one pixel of the amount of motion is recorded on the recording medium 118 as a moving image file. That is, this moving image file is composed of continuous image data shifted based on the integer part of the motion amount.

The decompression circuit 111 decompresses image data read from the memory 108 or the recording medium 118 by the memory controller 107 when reproducing a moving image file recorded on the memory 108 or the recording medium 118.
The image data output from the decompression circuit 111 is input to the motion detection circuit 110 via the switch 109 at the same time as being input to the area shift circuit 119.
The motion detection circuit 110 detects the amount of motion between preceding and following images with respect to continuously input reproduced image data. However, since the reproduced image data has already been corrected for the amount of motion of one or more pixels at the time of recording, only the fractional part of less than one pixel is obtained as the detection result. It will be.

The area shift circuit 119 performs shift processing based on the motion amount obtained from the motion detection circuit 110. As described above, since the amount of motion here consists of only a fractional part of less than one pixel, the following pixel interpolation processing of less than one pixel is performed.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a specific configuration of the region shift circuit 119.
First, pixel interpolation processing for less than one pixel in the vertical direction will be described. In FIG. 4, a multiplier 119a multiplies the image data expanded by the expansion circuit 111 by a coefficient Vk. The 1H delay circuit 119b delays the image data expanded by the expansion circuit 111 by one line. The multiplier 119c multiplies the image data output from the 1H delay circuit 119b by a coefficient (1-Vk). The adder 119d adds the outputs from the multipliers 119a and 119c. That is, the output of the adder 119d is a weighted average of the image data between adjacent lines with the weight of the coefficient Vk.

  In this way, the multipliers 119a, 119c, the 1H delay circuit 119b, and the adder 119d constitute a line moving circuit that moves the line in the vertical direction by an amount corresponding to the coefficient Vk. Here, the coefficient Vk can take a value between 0 and 1, and when the coefficient Vk is 1, the adder 38 outputs the image data of the current line as it is. By adjusting the coefficient Vk, the cutout range of the image data can be changed with an accuracy of less than one pixel in the vertical direction.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the processing by the 1H delay circuit 119b, the multipliers 119a and 119c, and the adder 119d in units of horizontal lines of image data.
First, the addition for each horizontal line unit shown in FIG. The horizontal line is composed of a horizontal arrangement of image data, and the vertical center position of the nth line is defined as a vertical pixel center 1001. Similarly, the vertical center position of the (n + 1) th line is defined as a vertical pixel center 1002.

  In FIG. 5A, the calculation for obtaining an image at the center position between the n-th line and the (n + 1) -th line is illustrated, and the n-th line is halved to obtain a value 1003. , The n + 1th line is halved to take the value 1004 and add each to obtain the line 1005. That is, this corresponds to the case where the coefficient Vk in FIG. 5 is ½, and the amount of motion at this time has a value of +0.5 or −0.5 in the vertical direction.

Similarly, by multiplying the n + 1 line by 1/2 and the n + 2 line by 1/2 and adding them, pixel data at the center position of the n + 1 line and the n + 2 line can be obtained. .
Next, addition in units of pixels illustrated in FIG. 5B will be described. FIG. 5B shows a case where the addition ratio is different from that of FIG. 5A and the ratio of 7/10 to 3/10 is added. In FIG. 5B, as in the case of FIG. 5A, the vertical pixel center 1001 is the center position of the vertical pixel of the nth line of the image data, and the vertical pixel center 1002 is the vertical center position of the (n + 1) th line. And When obtaining image data of 7/10 to 3/10 of the nth line and the n + 1th line, a value 1003 ′ obtained by multiplying the nth line by 7/10 and a value obtained by multiplying the n + 1th line by 3/10 By adding 1004 ′, 7/10 to 3/10 line image data 1005 ′ is obtained. That is, this corresponds to the case where the coefficient Vk in FIG. 4 is 7/10, and the amount of motion at this time has a value of +0.7 or −0.3 in the vertical direction.

Similarly, by multiplying the n + 1 line by 7/10 and adding the n + 2 line by 3/10, pixel data at a position of 7/10 to 3/10 of the n + 1 line and the n + 2 line is obtained. be able to.
Thus, by changing the addition ratio of the nth line and the (n + 1) th line, line data at an arbitrary position less than one line in the vertical direction of the line can be obtained.
Since addition is not performed when the multiplication ratio is 1 to 0 or 0 to 1, such interpolation processing between lines is performed when the value of the decimal part in the vertical direction is 0 with respect to the motion amount. There will be no.

Returning to FIG. 4, the pixel interpolation processing for less than one pixel in the horizontal direction will be described. The multiplier 119e multiplies the image data output from the adder 119d by the coefficient Hk. The 1-clock delay circuit 119f delays the image data output from the adder 119d by one pixel. The multiplier 119g multiplies the image data output from the 1-clock delay circuit 119f by a coefficient (1-Hk). The adder 119h adds the outputs from the multipliers 119e and 119g. That is, the output of the adder 119h is a weighted average of pixel values adjacent in the horizontal direction with the weight of the coefficient Hk.
Thus, the multipliers 119e, 119g, the 1-clock delay circuit 119f, and the adder 119h constitute a horizontal pixel interpolation circuit. Here, the coefficient Hk can take a value of 0 or more and 1 or less. By adjusting the coefficient Hk, the cutout range of the image data can be changed with an accuracy of less than one pixel in the horizontal direction.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the processing by the 1-clock delay circuit 119f, the multipliers 119e and 119g, and the adder 119h with one horizontal line of image data extracted.
First, addition in units of pixels shown in FIG. 6A will be described. The center position of the nth pixel in the horizontal direction of the image data is defined as a horizontal pixel center 901. Similarly, the horizontal center position of the (n + 1) th pixel is defined as a horizontal pixel center 902. FIG. 6A schematically shows the calculation when obtaining pixel data at the virtual center position of the nth pixel and the (n + 1) th pixel, and a value 903 obtained by halving the nth pixel is , A value 904 obtained by halving the n + 1th pixel is added to obtain an image 905 at a virtual center position between the nth and n + 1th pixels. That is, this corresponds to a case where Hk in FIG. 2 is ½, and the amount of motion at this time has a value of +0.5 or −0.5 in the horizontal direction.

Similarly, by multiplying the n + 1 pixel by 1/2 and the n + 2 pixel by 1/2, the pixel data at the virtual center position of the n + 1 pixel and the n + 2 pixel can be obtained. .
Next, addition in units of pixels illustrated in FIG. 6B will be described. FIG. 6B shows a case where the addition ratio is different from that of FIG. 6A, and the ratio of 7/10 to 3/10 is added. 6B, similarly to FIG. 6A, the horizontal center position of the nth pixel of the image data is set as the horizontal pixel center 901, and the horizontal center position of the (n + 1) th pixel is set as the horizontal pixel center 902. And When an image of 7/10 to 3/10 of the nth pixel and the n + 1th pixel is obtained, a value 903 ′ obtained by multiplying the nth pixel by 7/10 and a value 904 obtained by multiplying the n + 1th pixel by 3/10. By adding “and”, pixel data 905 ′ at a position of 7/10 to 3/10 is obtained. That is, this corresponds to the case where the coefficient Hk in FIG. 4 is 7/10, and the amount of motion at this time has a value of +0.7 or −0.3 in the horizontal direction.

Similarly, by multiplying the n + 1 pixel by 7/10 and adding the n + 2 pixel by 3/10, pixel data at a position of 7/10 to 3/10 of the n + 1 pixel and the n + 2 pixel is obtained. be able to.
Thus, by changing the addition ratio between the nth pixel and the (n + 1) th pixel, pixel data at an arbitrary position less than one pixel in the horizontal direction between the pixels can be obtained.
Note that when the multiplication ratio is 1 to 0 or 0 to 1, no addition is performed. Therefore, when the value of the decimal part in the horizontal direction is 0 regarding the amount of motion, such interpolating processing between pixels is performed. There will be no.
In the above description, the values of the coefficients Vk and Hk are set by inputting the motion amount obtained by the motion detection circuit 110.

  As described above, at the time of reproduction, after the recorded moving image file is expanded, a motion amount of less than one pixel is detected and this is interpolated. Then, the image is displayed on the display device 116 via the resize circuit 114 and the video encoder 115. As a result, even if the recorded moving image file has only been cut out in units of one pixel (integer part of the amount of movement), the smoothness in which the shake of less than one pixel is interpolated in the reproduction display Can display a moving image.

Next, for example, still image generation processing by super-resolution processing when a user receives a still image generation instruction during playback and display of moving images will be described.
First, super-resolution processing in which ½ pixel is shifted by using 4 image data will be described with reference to FIG.
Frame 0 (FIG. 7A) is reference image data. Frame 1 (FIG. 7B) which is image data shifted by 1/2 pixel in the horizontal direction with respect to the reference image, and Frame 3 (FIG. 7D) which is image data shifted by 1/2 pixel in the vertical direction. ), It is assumed that there is a frame 2 (FIG. 7C) which is image data shifted by 1/2 pixel in the horizontal and vertical directions. The pixel data of (n, n) of frame 1 is placed at the position of (n + 0.5, n) where no pixel data originally exists in frame 0, and the position of (n, n + 0.5) of frame 0 is similarly applied. Similarly, the (n, n) pixel data of frame 3 is embedded at the position of (n + 0.5, n + 0.5) of frame 0.

  Similarly, also for (n, n + 1), (n + 1, 0), (n + 1, n + 1) in frame 0, the pixel data of frame 1 to 3 is shifted by 0.5 pixels to embed the pixel data. That is, by embedding the pixel data of frames 1 to 3 in a grid pattern at a position shifted by 1/2 pixel of frame 0, the pixel density four times that of frame 1 as shown in FIG. It is possible to obtain still image data. Super-resolution processing is processing in which pixel data is increased to increase the resolution by performing synthesis processing as described above.

  The super-resolution processing circuit 113 is used when image data recorded as a moving image file on the recording medium 118 is output as a still image based on a user instruction. As described above, at the time of recording a moving image, an image that has been cut out by cutting out less than one pixel of the amount of motion detected by the motion detection circuit 109 is recorded on the recording medium 118 as a moving image file. That is, the recorded image file is composed of continuous image data shifted based on the integer part of the motion amount. Therefore, the super-resolution processing described below is performed using this image data.

  The super-resolution processing circuit 113 reads a plurality of temporally continuous image data from the recording medium 118 in accordance with a user instruction, performs decompression processing by the decompression circuit 111, and then performs a plurality of temporally continuous multiple data. Input image data. Then, the super-resolution processing circuit 113 performs super-resolution processing on a plurality of temporally continuous image data including the image data based on the image data at the time point of the user's instruction. This super-resolution process is a process for increasing the resolution by using a predetermined number (a plurality of) of image data including the reference image data.

  Here, a plurality of input continuous image data is taken by a user holding a recording / reproducing apparatus for a subject, and usually there is not a little camera shake. During the recording of moving images, as described above, the shift processing is performed by discarding the amount of motion of less than one pixel. Therefore, there is a shake of less than one pixel between a plurality of consecutive images input here. Remaining.

  In the super-resolution processing, high-resolution still image data is obtained using the remaining shake of less than one pixel.

  Here, since the super-resolution processing uses a shake of less than one pixel due to the user's hand shake, in most cases, this shift amount corresponds to the ideal pixel position as described above. Not like that. As described above, when using image data in which pixel data does not necessarily exist at a necessary position, pixel interpolation processing is performed on each of the plurality of extracted image data in order to generate image data at the necessary position. Since this pixel interpolation process is an interpolation process for less than one pixel, it is equivalent to the process in the region shift circuit at the time of reproduction.

Specifically, if an image that is entirely shifted by (+0.3 pixel, +0.1 pixel) with respect to the reference image in the super-resolution processing is extracted as a continuous image, this image is compared with the reference image. When the image data is used as (n + 0.5, n) image data, the image data is shifted to (+0.2 pixel, −0.1 pixel) and recreated by interpolation processing. Note that the shift amount of the image continuous with the reference image with respect to the reference image is detected by the motion detection circuit 110.
In this way, out of a plurality of continuous images, the one that is as close as possible to the position of the pixel data necessary for the super-resolution processing is extracted and adopted, and the combined processing is performed after each interpolation processing. Thus, high-resolution still image data can be obtained.

  The still image data subjected to the super-resolution processing is written into the memory 108 by the memory controller 107. Thereafter, the data is read from the memory 108 by the memory controller 107 and compressed into a still image file by the compression circuit 112 according to a predetermined still image compression format. The still image file is written in the memory 108 by the memory controller 107 and then recorded on the recording medium 118 through the media IF 117.

Next, an example of the operation of the recording / playback apparatus when shooting and recording a moving image will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In FIG. 8, when the user operates the operation unit 102, a moving image shooting instruction is issued.
First, in step S <b> 101, the field memory 104 stores image data (moving image) that has been converted into an electrical signal by the image sensor 102 and then analog / digital converted by the A / D converter 103.

Next, in step S102, the motion detection circuit 119 uses the image data analog-to-digital converted by the A / D converter 103 and the image data input immediately before the image data to detect the amount of motion ( The amount of movement) is detected.
Next, in step S103, the motion detection circuit 119 determines the reading start position of the image data stored in the field memory 104 in step S101 from the value of the integer part of the motion amount detected in step S102. Then, the motion detection circuit 119 outputs a signal indicating the determined read start position to the field memory 104. Then, the image data stored in the field memory 104 is read from the read start position determined by the motion detection circuit 119. Then, the signal processing circuit 105 converts the read image data into a luminance / color difference signal.

  Next, in step S104, the resizing circuit 106 converts the size of the image data converted into the luminance color difference signal in step S103 into a size according to a predetermined moving image compression format. Then, the memory controller 107 writes the image data whose size has been converted by the resizing circuit 106 into the memory 108.

Next, in step S <b> 105, the display device 116 displays the image data read from the memory 108 by the memory controller 107, converted in size by the resize circuit 114, and converted into a video signal by the video encoder 115. Here, the image data written in the memory 108 in step S104 is read and displayed.
In step S106, the compression circuit 112 compresses the image data read from the memory 108 by the memory controller 107 according to a predetermined compression format. Thereafter, the memory controller 107 writes the image data compressed by the compression circuit 112 into the memory 108.

  Next, in step S <b> 107, the CPU 120 determines whether or not to finish moving image shooting based on the operation content of the operation unit 121 of the user. If the result of this determination is that the moving image shooting is not to be terminated, steps S101 to S107 are repeated until it is determined to be terminated. When the shooting of the moving image ends, the process proceeds to step S108, and the memory controller 107 transfers the image data written in the memory 108 in step S106 to the recording medium 118 as a moving image file via the media IF 117. Write.

Next, an example of the operation of the recording / playback apparatus when playing back a recorded moving image will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Note that FIG. 4 shows an operation after the user has instructed to reproduce a moving image by operating the operation unit 102.
First, in step S <b> 201, the memory controller 107 reads compressed moving image data from the recording medium 118.
Next, in step S202, the decompression circuit 111 decompresses the image data read in step S201.

In step S203, the motion detection circuit 110 detects the amount of motion from the image data expanded in step S202. At the time of recording moving image data, since the cut-out process is performed by cutting off less than one pixel of the motion amount, the motion amount detected here is only a shake of less than one pixel.
Next, in step S204, the region shift circuit 119 performs interpolation processing for each pixel of the image data expanded by the expansion circuit 111 in step S202, based on the amount of motion detected in step S203.
Next, in step S205, the memory controller 107 writes the image data interpolated in step S204 into the memory 108.

  In step S206, the display device 116 displays the image data read from the memory 108 by the memory controller 107, converted in size by the resize circuit 114, and converted into a video signal by the video encoder 115. Here, the image data written in the memory 108 in step S205 is read and displayed.

  Next, in step S207, the CPU 120 determines whether or not to end the reproduction of the moving image based on the operation of the operation unit 121 by the user. As a result of the determination, if the reproduction of the moving image is not ended, steps S201 to S207 are repeated until it is determined that the moving image ends.

Next, an example of an operation when outputting still image data from recorded moving image data will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Note that FIG. 10 shows an operation after the user instructs to output a still image by operating the operation unit 121.
First, in step S301, the memory controller 107 reads compressed moving image data from the recording medium 118.
Next, in step S302, the decompression circuit 111 decompresses the image data read in step S301.

  Next, in step S <b> 303, the CPU 120 determines whether or not a predetermined number of temporally continuous image data including an image that has been instructed to be output as a still image has been expanded by the expansion circuit 111. If the predetermined number of image data is not expanded as a result of this determination, steps S301 to S303 are repeated until the image data is expanded. On the other hand, when the predetermined number of image data is expanded, the process proceeds to step S304, and the super-resolution processing circuit 113 performs the above-described super-resolution processing. Then, the memory controller 107 writes the image data of the still image obtained by performing the super-resolution processing in this way in the memory 108.

Next, in step S <b> 305, the compression circuit 112 compresses the image data of the still image read from the memory 108 by the memory controller 107. Then, the memory controller 107 writes the compressed image data into the memory 108. Here, the image data written in the memory 108 in step S304 is read and compressed.
Next, in step S306, the memory controller 107 reads the memory 108 written in step S305, and writes it in the recording medium 118 as a still image file.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, when recording a moving image, the area shift circuit 111 is based on the integer part of the motion amount detected by the motion detection circuit 110, that is, is corrected (detected) on a pixel basis. Among the motion amounts, shift processing is performed by truncating less than one pixel. Then, when outputting the recorded moving image as a still image, the super-resolution processing circuit 113 performs super-resolution processing using the image on which the camera shake correction has been performed in units of pixels. Further, when reproducing moving image data, the region shift circuit 119 performs display after performing interpolation processing based on a motion amount of less than one pixel detected by the motion detection circuit 110.

As described above, when the image is reproduced as a moving image, camera shake correction is performed with a motion amount of less than one pixel, so that smooth display can be performed.
On the other hand, when outputting as a still image, super-resolution processing is performed based on a plurality of pieces of image data in a state in which high-frequency components are not lost, so it is expected to generate high-resolution still image data. it can.

  Furthermore, since the cut-out process based on the detected motion amount of one or more pixels is performed and then recorded as a moving image file, it is not necessary to record extra image data. Thereby, the recording capacity as moving image data can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the moving image data to be displayed on the display device 116 during recording of the moving image is corrected by camera shake in units of one pixel. However, even if corrected by interpolation processing in units of less than one pixel. Good. In this case, a second region shift circuit that is the same as the region shift circuit 119 may be provided between the memory controller 107 and the resizing circuit 114. Further, since reproduction (expansion) and recording (display on the display device 116) of moving images are not performed simultaneously, only one of the two area shift circuits is provided, and one of the area shift circuits is provided. However, the role of the other region shift circuit may be shared.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment described above, the amount of motion is detected when a moving image is recorded and when the recorded moving image is reproduced. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the amount of motion is detected only when a moving image is recorded, and information based on the detected amount of motion is added to the moving image to be recorded. In this way, the present embodiment and the first embodiment described above differ only in the timing for detecting the motion amount and a part of the processing method for the detected motion amount. Therefore, about the same part as 1st Embodiment mentioned above, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the code | symbol same as the code | symbol attached | subjected to FIGS. 1-10.

  FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the recording / reproducing apparatus of the present embodiment. As described above, in the present embodiment, it is not necessary to detect the amount of movement when reproducing a moving image, and therefore it is not necessary to provide the switch 109 shown in FIG.

First, the operation of the recording / reproducing apparatus when recording a moving image will be described.
When the motion detection circuit 110 detects a motion amount between the preceding and following image data, the motion detection circuit 110 outputs the detected motion amount to the memory controller 107. Then, the memory controller 107 writes the amount of movement in the memory 108.
In addition, the motion detection circuit 110 performs cut-out processing from the image data stored in the field memory 104 based on the value of the integer part of the detected motion amount, as in the first embodiment.

  The signal processing circuit 105 converts the read image data into a luminance / color difference signal. The resizing circuit 106 converts the size of the image data based on the luminance color difference signal into a size according to a predetermined moving image compression format. The memory controller 107 writes the image data whose size has been converted into the memory 108.

The memory controller 107 reads out the image data and the amount of motion written in the memory 108 as described above, and outputs them to the compression circuit 112. At this time, as a motion amount to be output, since a shake of one pixel or more has already been corrected by the clipping process, only a value less than one pixel, that is, a decimal part value is output.
The compression circuit 112 compresses the input image data, and adds information indicating the input amount of motion (only the fractional part less than one pixel) to the compressed image data. The place to add the motion amount is, for example, a predetermined data description area defined by the compression format of the compressed image data.

  More specifically, for example, in the case of MPEG1, it can be arranged in a UD (User Data) included in a picture layer in a GOP (Group of Picture) layer of image data. In this way, when the data description area that can be used by the user is in the image data, information indicating the amount of motion can be added to the data description area. In the case of MPEG4, it can be arranged in a stuffing byte (Stuffing Byte) included in each VOL (Video Object Layer) of image data. In this manner, information indicating the amount of motion can be added to the data description area for adjusting the alignment of the data. However, the place where the information indicating the amount of motion is added is not limited to these, and it goes without saying that it can be determined as appropriate according to the data structure of the compressed image data.

The memory controller 107 reads the image data compressed by the compression circuit 112 and information indicating the amount of motion added to the image data, and records the read image data and information indicating the amount of motion as a moving image file. To record.
FIG. 12 is a diagram conceptually illustrating an example of the contents of a moving image file stored in the recording medium 118. As shown in FIG. 7, the motion file adding operation described above records a compressed image data 701 of each field image and a motion amount 702 that is a fractional part of less than one pixel as a set. The

Next, the operation of the recording / playback apparatus during playback of moving images will be described.
The additional information analysis circuit 301 receives the moving image file 700 read out by the memory controller 107 and output to the decompression circuit 111, separates the motion amount 702 from the compressed image data 701 included in the moving image file 700, and performs region shift. Output to the circuit 119.
The area shift circuit 119 performs interpolation processing for each pixel of the image data expanded by the expansion circuit 111 according to the input motion correction amount 702, as in the first embodiment. The interpolated image data is written into the memory 108 by the memory controller 107. Thereafter, the display device 116 displays the image data read from the memory 108 by the memory controller 107, converted in size by the resize circuit 114, and converted into a video signal by the video encoder 115.

Next, processing in super resolution processing will be described.
In the first embodiment, the motion detection circuit 110 detects the motion amount between successive image data during the super-resolution processing. However, as described above, the motion amount is paired with the extracted image data. Therefore, there is no need to detect the amount of movement again. Therefore, in the super-resolution processing in the present embodiment, the motion amount data is separated from the recorded compressed image data instead of the motion amount detection processing in the super-resolution processing described above. Become.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, information indicating the amount of motion, which is a fractional part of less than one pixel, is recorded at the time of moving image recording, and is recorded at the time of moving image reproduction and excess image processing. The amount of movement was used. As a result, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment described above, the amount of motion needs to be detected only at the time of recording a moving image, and the effect that the processing at the time of moving image reproduction becomes easier can be obtained.

(Other embodiments of the present invention)
In the above-described embodiment, the motion detection circuit 110 is used to detect the motion amount from the image. However, this is not necessarily required. For example, a gyro sensor that detects angular velocity may be provided in the recording / reproducing apparatus, and the amount of motion between successive images may be detected using this gyro sensor. In this case, in the recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 11, for example, instead of the motion detection circuit 110, a gyro sensor and a circuit for obtaining a motion amount from the angular velocity detected by the gyro sensor may be provided. Good.
In addition, a software program for realizing the functions of the above-described embodiment for an apparatus connected to the various devices or a computer in the system so as to operate various devices to realize the functions of the above-described embodiments. What was implemented by supplying the code and operating the various devices in accordance with a program stored in a computer (CPU or MPU) of the system or apparatus is also included in the scope of the present invention.

  In this case, the program code of the software itself realizes the functions of the above-described embodiments, and the program code itself and means for supplying the program code to the computer, for example, the program code are stored. The recorded medium constitutes the present invention. As a recording medium for storing the program code, for example, a flexible disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a nonvolatile memory card, a ROM, or the like can be used.

  Further, by executing the program code supplied by the computer, not only the functions of the above-described embodiments are realized, but also the OS (operating system) or other application software in which the program code is running on the computer, etc. It goes without saying that the program code is also included in the embodiment of the present invention even when the functions of the above-described embodiment are realized in cooperation with the embodiment.

  Further, after the supplied program code is stored in the memory provided in the function expansion board of the computer or the function expansion unit connected to the computer, the CPU provided in the function expansion board or function expansion unit based on the instruction of the program code Needless to say, the present invention includes a case where the functions of the above-described embodiment are realized by performing part or all of the actual processing.

  Note that each of the above-described embodiments is merely a specific example for carrying out the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto. . That is, the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the technical idea or the main features thereof.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a recording / reproducing device according to a first embodiment of this invention. FIG. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and demonstrates an example of the motion amount between the image data input before and after. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for extracting captured image data during recording of a moving image according to the first embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a specific configuration of a region shift circuit according to the first embodiment of this invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of processing by a 1H delay circuit, a multiplier, and an adder in units of horizontal lines of image data according to the first embodiment of this invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of processing by a one-clock delay circuit, a multiplier, and an adder according to the first embodiment of the present invention by extracting one horizontal line of image data. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and demonstrates an example of a super-resolution process. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an operation in the recording / reproducing apparatus when shooting and recording a moving image according to the first embodiment of this invention. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an operation in the recording / reproducing apparatus when reproducing a recorded moving image according to the first embodiment of this invention. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an operation in the recording / reproducing apparatus when outputting a recorded moving image as a still image according to the first embodiment of this invention. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a recording / reproducing device according to a first embodiment of this invention. FIG. It is the figure which showed the 2nd Embodiment of this invention and showed an example of the content of the moving image file memorize | stored in a storage medium.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Optical system 102 Image pick-up element 108 Memory 110 Motion detection circuit 111 Expansion circuit 113 Super-resolution processing circuit 116 Display device 118 Recording medium 119 Area shift circuit 120 CPU
121 Operation unit

Claims (11)

Motion detection means for detecting the amount of motion generated in the recording / reproducing apparatus when a moving image is captured;
A first correction unit that performs shake correction by a cut-out process of a captured image based on a value of one pixel or more of the amount of motion detected by the motion detection unit;
Recording means for recording the moving image corrected by the first correction means on a recording medium;
A second correction unit that reads out a moving image recorded on the recording medium and performs correction by pixel interpolation based on a motion amount of less than one pixel detected by the motion detection unit; Recording / playback device.   2. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a still image generating unit that generates a still image using an image subjected to pixel interpolation processing by at least the second correcting unit.   The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the still image generation unit generates a still image by combining a plurality of images extracted from the moving image.   The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising display means for displaying a moving image subjected to pixel interpolation processing by the second correction means.   5. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recording unit records a value of less than one pixel of the amount of motion detected by the motion detection unit together with the moving image. . A motion detection step of detecting a motion amount generated in the recording / reproducing apparatus when a moving image is captured;
A first correction step of performing shake correction by a cut-out process of a captured image based on a value of one or more pixels among the amount of motion detected by the motion detection step;
A recording step of recording the moving image corrected in the first correction step on a recording medium;
A second correction step of reading a moving image recorded on the recording medium and performing correction by pixel interpolation based on a motion amount of less than one pixel detected by the motion detection step. Recording / playback method.   The recording / reproducing method according to claim 6, further comprising a still image generation step of generating a still image using an image subjected to pixel interpolation processing at least in the second correction step.   8. The recording / reproducing method according to claim 7, wherein the still image generation step generates a still image by combining a plurality of images extracted from the moving image.   The recording / reproducing method according to claim 6, further comprising a display step of displaying the moving image that has been subjected to pixel interpolation processing in the second correction step.   10. The recording / reproducing method according to claim 6, wherein the recording step records a value of less than one pixel of the motion amount detected by the motion detection step together with the moving image. . A motion detection step of detecting a motion amount generated in the recording / reproducing apparatus when a moving image is captured;
A first correction step of performing shake correction by a cut-out process of a captured image based on a value of one or more pixels among the amount of motion detected by the motion detection step;
A recording step of recording the moving image corrected in the first correction step on a recording medium;
Reading a moving image recorded on the recording medium and causing the computer to execute a second correction step in which correction is performed by pixel interpolation processing based on a motion amount of less than one pixel detected by the motion detection step. A computer program characterized by the above.

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