JP2006054962A - Wound-electric motor and rotating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wound-electric motor that can reliably perform short-circuit by a secondary short-circuit device and a rotating machine using this motor. <P>SOLUTION: The secondary short-circuit device comprises first contacts 40 that are arranged at one end surface of a brush ring 30 mounted on the rotating shaft 20 of a wound rotor, a short-circuit collar 60 on which second contacts 50 are mounted at the positions facing the contacts 40, and a driving means 70 that drives the contacts 50 mounted on the short-circuit collar 60 in such a way as to move the contacts 50 between a short-circuit position in which the contacts 50 contact the first contacts 40 to short-circuit a secondary resistor and a stand-by position in which the contact 50 stands by being pulled away from the contact 40. The first and second contacts 40, 50 are formed into a shape that makes facing surfaces of both portions in direct plane contact with each other. A bouncing-back means 80 that bounces the contacts 40 toward the contacts 50 side is installed between the contacts 40 and the brush rings 30. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a wire-wound motor and a rotating machine.

  In general, as shown in FIG. 6, a wound-type motor (winding-type induction motor) is configured such that one end of each phase 101 a, 101 b, 101 c of a rotor winding attached to a winding-type rotor 100 is installed on a stationary side member. A closed circuit is configured by being electrically connected to the resistors 110a, 110b, and 110c. The winding rotor 100 and the stationary member are electrically connected by a three-phase brush ring 103 attached to the winding rotor 100 and a brush 105 attached to the stationary member.

  By the way, the secondary resistance method is adopted as a starting method of the wound motor used for driving the main pump of the pump facility. In addition, except for the case where the rotational speed control is performed, the wound-type motor may be provided with a brush lifting device that short-circuits the secondary resistance when the start is completed and at the same time pulls up the brush 105 from the brush ring 103 to make a non-contact state. .

  FIG. 7 is a side view showing a secondary short-circuit device 110 of this type of conventional wound induction motor. As shown in the figure, the secondary short-circuit device 110 has a plurality of contact claws in a ring shape on a blade 104 attached to one end surface of a brush ring 103 for three phases attached to a rotary shaft 101 of a winding induction motor. 113 (a set of two sheets) is attached, and a short-circuit collar 107 is mounted so as to move on the rotating shaft 101, and a plurality of rings are formed on the surface of the short-circuit collar 107 facing the contact claw 113. Contact scissors 115 (a set of four sheets) are attached, and a drive mechanism 117 for sliding the short-circuit collar 107 on the rotating shaft 101 is provided. At the same time, the drive mechanism 117 brings the brush 105 into contact with or lifts the three-phase brush ring 103.

  FIG. 8 is a detailed view of a main part of a pair of the contact claw 113 and the contact scissors 115 in the secondary short-circuit device 110. As shown in the figure, the contact claw 113 is formed by bending a rectangular flat metal plate into an L shape and fixing one of the bent surfaces to the end surface of the blade 104. On the other hand, the contact scissors 115 are configured such that the two plates are arranged close to each other, and the gap 115a between the two plates is opposed to the tip side 113a of the contact claw 113.

  Then, the secondary short-circuit device 110 of this wound-type motor, when the start-up of this wound-type motor is completed, the drive mechanism 117 brings the short-circuit collar 107 close to the brush ring 103 and sandwiches the contact claw 113 with the contact scissors 115, As a result, the secondary resistance is short-circuited, and at the same time, the brush 105 is pulled up from the brush ring 103 to be in a non-contact state.

  However, in the secondary short-circuit device 110 of the wound-type motor having the above-described structure, a mechanism malfunction (such as a high temperature due to a contact failure) occurs due to a meshing failure caused by deformation of the contact claw 113 and the contact scissors 115. There was a fear. And due to the electrical short circuit uncertainties due to poor contact of the secondary short circuit device 110, a failure that burns the wound-type motor occurs, the motor cable or the motor or its peripheral equipment ignites the bearing lubricant, There was a risk of a serious accident due to a fire at facilities with electric motors, such as the airfield, and the facility's function stopped.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and its purpose is to perform a short-circuit by a secondary short-circuit device reliably, and even if a secondary short-circuit device breaks down, a wound-type motor that can immediately detect this, and It is to provide a rotating machine.

  The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a first contact portion installed on one end surface of a brush ring attached to a rotating shaft of a winding rotor and a second contact portion installed at a position facing the first contact portion. A short-circuit collar formed by attaching a contact portion, a short-circuit position where the second contact portion attached to the short-circuit collar is brought into contact with the first contact portion to short-circuit a secondary resistance, and the second contact portion is referred to as the first contact. In the winding type electric motor comprising a secondary short-circuit device having a driving means for driving to move between a standby position to be separated from the standby position, the first and second contact portions are opposed to each other. A wound-type electric motor having a shape in which a surface is in direct surface contact.

  The invention according to claim 2 of the present application is the wound-type electric motor according to claim 1, wherein a resilient means is installed between the first contact portion and the brush ring.

  The invention according to claim 3 of the present application is the wire wound motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the first and second contact portions protrudes toward the other facing surface. The present invention relates to a wire wound motor characterized by being formed into a curved surface shape.

  The invention according to claim 4 of the present application is the first contact portion installed on one end face of the brush ring attached to the rotating shaft of the winding rotor, and the second contact portion installed at a position facing the first contact portion. A short-circuit collar formed by attaching a contact portion, a short-circuit position where the second contact portion attached to the short-circuit collar is brought into contact with the first contact portion to short-circuit a secondary resistance, and the second contact portion is referred to as the first contact. A winding type electric motor comprising a secondary short-circuit device having a driving means for driving to move between a standby position separated from the unit and a standby position; and a position detection sensor for detecting a movement position of the short-circuit collar The wire-wound motor is characterized by being installed.

  The invention according to claim 5 of the present application is characterized in that the position detection sensor is installed at a position for detecting both the standby position of the short-circuit collar and the short-circuit position. It is in.

  The invention according to claim 6 of the present application resides in a rotating machine characterized by connecting and driving the wire wound motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

  According to the invention described in claim 1 of the present application, since the opposing surfaces of the first and second contact portions are in direct surface contact, it is possible to make direct surface contact with a sufficient area, and thus contact failure between the two does not occur. Electrical short-circuiting can be performed accurately, and failure of the wound motor caused by this can be prevented.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the elastic means is installed, when the first contact portion is brought into contact with the second contact portion, the movement (inclination) of the first contact portion relative to the second contact portion. Even if there is a change, deviation, or contact pressure change, these changes and deviations are absorbed by the deformation of the elastic means, so the first contact part always maintains a normal contact state with the second contact part. And can be contacted at a uniform contact pressure. Therefore, contact failure between the two does not occur, and electrical short-circuiting can be performed accurately, and failure of the wound-type motor caused by this will not occur.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, since at least one of the facing surfaces of the first and second contact portions is formed in a curved shape protruding toward the other facing surface, Even if the movement (tilt) between the contact part and the second contact part changes or shifts occur, these changes and shifts only change the contact point on the curved contact surface. The contact pressure is less likely to change, so that contact failure between the two does not occur and electrical short-circuiting can be performed accurately, and failure of the wound motor caused by this will not occur.

  According to the inventions of claims 4 and 5, since the position detection sensor is installed, the position of the short-circuit collar can be easily confirmed, and therefore, the contact failure between the first and second contact portions can be detected immediately, As a result, electrical short-circuiting can be performed accurately, and failure of the wound-type motor caused by this will not occur.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the failure of the wound motor connected to the rotating machine does not occur, the cause of the failure of the rotating machine is reduced and the maintenance thereof is facilitated.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic side view of a secondary short-circuit device 10 for a wire-wound motor to which a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the main part of the secondary short-circuit device 10 (enlarged view of main parts of the first and second contact portions 40 and 50 in FIG. 1). As shown in both drawings, the secondary short-circuit device 10 includes a plurality of first contact portions 40 installed in a ring shape on one end face of a brush ring 30 attached to the rotary shaft 20 of the winding rotor, and the first contact. A plurality of second contact portions 50 are attached in a ring shape to the end surface on the side facing the portion 40, and the short-circuit collar 60 slides along the rotary shaft 20, and the short-circuit collar 60 slides in the direction along the rotary shaft 20. Driving means 70 to be configured. Each component will be described below.

  The brush ring 30 is fixed to the rotary shaft 20 and is rotated integrally with the rotary shaft 20 so that each phase of the rotor winding is variable on the stationary side by a stationary brush 71 that is in sliding contact with the outer periphery of the brush ring 30. A closed circuit is formed by electrically connecting to a resistor.

  A plurality of the first contact portions 40 are attached in a ring shape to the blade 31 attached to one end surface of the brush ring 30, that is, the end surface on the short-circuit collar 60 side. The first contact portion 40 is made of a conductive member, and the outer shape thereof is a substantially truncated cone shape. A surface of the first contact portion 40 on the side facing the second contact portion 50 is a flat contact surface 43. Further, between the first contact portion 40 and the brush ring 30 (more precisely, the blade 31), a bulleting means 80 for bulleting the first contact portion 40 toward the second contact portion 50 is installed. . In this embodiment, various springs such as a coil spring and a leaf spring are used as the elastic means 80.

  The short-circuit collar 60 has a ring shape and is attached to the rotary shaft 20 so as to be slidable on the rotary shaft 20. A plurality of second contact portions 50 are attached to the end surface of the short-circuit collar 60 on the brush ring 30 side so as to face the first contact portion 40. The second contact portion 50 has a flat plate shape, and a surface (plane) on the side facing the first contact portion 40 is a contact surface 53. Here, the contact surface 43 of the first contact part 40 and the contact surface 53 of the second contact part 50 are both flat and have a sufficient area.

  On the other hand, the short-circuit collar 60 is connected to the driving means 70 by the link mechanism 75, and slides on the rotating shaft 20 by driving the driving means 70. The range of this slide movement is two places: a standby position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and a short-circuit position shown in FIG. The driving means 70 also drives a mechanism (brush lifting mechanism) that also makes the brush 71 contact and separate from the brush ring 30. The driving means 70 may be either electric or manual, or may be both electric and manual.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a position detection sensor 90-1 that detects that the short-circuit collar 60 is in the standby position and a short-circuit collar 60 that is in the short-circuit position are detected at predetermined positions on the outer periphery of the short-circuit collar 60. A position detection sensor 90-2 is installed. As the position detection sensors 90-1 and 90-2, various switches such as a proximity switch and a micro switch can be used. A switch that can handle high temperatures is preferred.

  FIG. 9 is a start block diagram of a wound-type motor to which the secondary short-circuit device 10 configured as described above is attached. As shown in the figure, when starting is started (step 1), the rotating shaft 20 is started and its rotational speed is increased (step 2). When the rotation of the rotary shaft 20 reaches the operating position, that is, when the start is completed (step 3), the driving means 70 is driven to pull up the brush 71 from the brush ring 30 and at the same time the link mechanism 75 causes the short-circuit collar 60. 2 is moved from the standby position shown in FIG. 2 to the short-circuit position shown in FIG. 3, thereby bringing both contact surfaces 43 and 53 of the first and second contact portions 40 and 50 into direct contact (surface contact), thereby The secondary resistance is short-circuited (step 4). In the case of this embodiment, the two contact surfaces 43 and 53, which are the opposing surfaces of the first and second contact portions 40 and 50, are planar and are formed in a shape in direct surface contact with a sufficient area. The contact failure between the two does not occur, and an electrical short circuit can be performed accurately, and a winding motor failure due to this can be prevented.

  Particularly in this embodiment, since the resilient means 80 is installed between the first contact portion 40 and the brush ring 30, when the first contact portion 40 is brought into contact with the second contact portion 50, Even if a change (inclination) in the movement of one contact portion 40 with respect to the second contact portion 50, a deviation, or a change in contact pressure occurs, the change or deviation is absorbed by the deformation of the elastic means 80, and therefore the first contact. The portion 40 can always maintain a surface contact state with the second contact portion 50 and can be contacted with a uniform contact pressure.

  On the other hand, the position detection sensors 90-1 and 90-2 can detect that the short-circuit collar 60 is in the normal standby position and the normal short-circuit position. Therefore, it is easy to confirm that the secondary resistance is short-circuited at the completion of the start-up of the wire-wound motor, and it is easy to confirm that the short-circuit collar 60 is operating at the normal position even during normal operation. it can.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a main part of a secondary short-circuit device 10-2 for a wound motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the secondary short-circuit device 10-2 shown in the figure, the same parts as those in the secondary short-circuit device 10-1 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. In the secondary short-circuit device 10-2 according to this embodiment, the only difference from the secondary short-circuit device 10-1 shown in FIG. 1 is the shape of the contact surface 43 of the first contact portion 40.

  That is, the contact surface 43 in this embodiment is formed in a spherical shape that protrudes toward the contact surface 53 that is the opposing surface. With this configuration, when the short-circuit collar 60 is moved from the standby position shown in FIG. 4 to the short-circuit position shown in FIG. 5, the contact surfaces 43 and 53 of the first and second contact portions 40 and 50 are directly applied. Contact (surface contact close to point contact), thereby short-circuiting the secondary resistance. In the case of this embodiment, since the contact surface 43 of the first contact portion 40 is spherical, even if the movement (inclination) of the first contact portion 40 with respect to the second contact portion 50 changes or shift occurs, These changes and deviations only change the contact point on the spherical contact surface 43, and the contact pressure between them hardly changes. That is, the spherical contact surface 43 plays the role of the elastic means 80. Therefore, in this embodiment, the bullet means 80 may be omitted (of course, it is needless to say that the bullet means 80 is installed).

  In this embodiment, the contact surface 43 of the first contact portion 40 is spherical. However, the contact surface 53 of the second contact portion 50 may be spherical instead. Furthermore, both contact surfaces 43 and 53 may be spherical. Further, both contact surfaces are not limited to spherical surfaces, and may be other various curved surfaces depending on circumstances. In short, it is sufficient that at least one of the contact surfaces is formed in a curved shape protruding toward the other contact surface.

  The secondary short-circuit devices 10 and 10-2 according to the above-described embodiment are suitable for use in a pump device that is configured by connecting a rotating shaft of a wire-wound motor provided with the rotating shaft of a pump. FIG. 10 thru | or FIG. 13 is a side view which shows the various pump apparatus 200,250,300,350 provided with the secondary short circuit apparatus 10 and 10-2 concerning the said embodiment. That is, the pump device 200 shown in FIG. 10 is a pump device in which the rotating shaft 220 of the winding type electric motor 210 provided with the secondary short-circuit devices 10 and 10-2 is connected to the rotating shaft 240 of the horizontal-axis double suction spiral pump 230. It is. In addition, the pump device 250 shown in FIG. 11 converts the rotary shaft 270 of the winding motor 260 including the secondary short-circuit devices 10 and 10-2 to the rotary shaft 290 of the horizontal axis / mixed flow pump 280 via the speed reducer 275. It is a pump device that is connected. A pump apparatus 300 shown in FIG. 12 is a pump apparatus in which the rotating shaft of the wound-type electric motor 310 provided with the secondary short-circuit devices 10 and 10-2 is connected to the rotating shaft of the vertical spiral mixed flow pump 330. 13 is connected to the rotary shaft 390 of the vertical pump 380 via the speed reducer 370 via the speed reducer 370. The pump device 350 shown in FIG. It is. The pump device 350 is a double-pump type pump device of the winding motor 360 and the engine 400 by connecting the engine 400 to the speed reducer 370.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims and the specification and drawings. Is possible. Note that any shape, structure, or material not directly described in the specification and drawings is within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention as long as the effects and advantages of the present invention are exhibited. For example, although various springs are used as the elastic means 80 in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the springs, and may be other various elastic materials such as elastic rubber materials. Any material and structure may be used as long as it is a bulleting means that bullets toward the second contact portion 50 side.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the position detection sensors 90-1 and 90-2 were installed in the position which detects both the stand-by position of the short circuit collar 60, and a short circuit position, it installs in another position as needed. May be. In short, the position detection sensor may be installed at a position where the desired movement position of the short-circuit collar 60 is detected. Needless to say, the shape, structure, and material of various components constituting the secondary short-circuit device such as the brush ring 30, the short-circuit collar 60, and the driving means 70 may be variously changed.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the winding motor equipped with the secondary short-circuiting device is used for the pump device has been described. However, the winding motor is not limited to the pump device, and various other rotations such as a compressor and a blower. Can be used for all machines.

1 is an overall schematic side view of a secondary short-circuit device 10 for a wire-wound motor to which a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. 1 is a schematic side view of a main part of a secondary short-circuit device 10. FIG. It is a principal part schematic side view of the secondary short circuit apparatus 10 when the short circuit collar 60 moves to the short circuit position. It is a principal part schematic side view of the secondary short circuit apparatus 10-2 concerning 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part schematic side view of the secondary short circuit apparatus 10-2 when the short circuit collar 60 moves to the short circuit position. It is a figure which shows the winding-type rotor 100 of a winding motor. It is a side view which shows the secondary short circuit apparatus 110 of the conventional winding type induction motor. It is a principal part detail drawing of the part of a pair of contact claw 113 and contact scissors 115 in the secondary short circuit apparatus 110. It is a starting block diagram of a wire-wound motor to which a secondary short-circuit device 10 is attached. It is a side view which shows the pump apparatus 200 provided with the secondary short circuit apparatus 10 and 10-2. It is a side view which shows the pump apparatus 250 provided with the secondary short circuit apparatus 10 and 10-2. It is a side view which shows the pump apparatus 300 provided with the secondary short circuit apparatus 10 and 10-2. It is a side view which shows the pump apparatus 350 provided with the secondary short circuit apparatus 10 and 10-2.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Secondary short circuit apparatus 20 Rotating shaft 30 Brush ring 40 1st contact part 43 Contact surface (opposite surface)
50 Second contact portion 53 Contact surface (opposite surface)
60 Short-circuit collar 70 Drive means 75 Link mechanism 80 Elasticity means 90-1 Position detection sensor 90-2 Position detection sensor 10-2 Secondary short-circuit device 200 Pump device 250 Pump device 300 Pump device 350 Pump device

Claims (6)

A first contact portion installed on one end surface of a brush ring attached to the rotary shaft of the winding rotor;
A short-circuit collar formed by attaching a second contact portion installed at a position facing the first contact portion;
A short-circuit position where the second contact portion attached to the short-circuit collar is brought into contact with the first contact portion to short-circuit the secondary resistance, and a standby position where the second contact portion is separated from the first contact portion and waits. In a winding motor comprising a secondary short-circuit device having a drive means for driving to move between,
The said 1st, 2nd contact part is formed in the shape in which both opposing surfaces contact surface directly, The winding type motor characterized by the above-mentioned.   The wound-type electric motor according to claim 1, wherein a resilient means is installed between the first contact portion and the brush ring. In the wire wound motor according to claim 1 or 2,
The winding motor according to claim 1, wherein the first and second contact portions are formed in a curved shape in which at least one of the opposing surfaces protrudes toward the other opposing surface. A first contact portion installed on one end surface of a brush ring attached to the rotary shaft of the winding rotor;
A short-circuit collar formed by attaching a second contact portion installed at a position facing the first contact portion;
A short-circuit position where the second contact portion attached to the short-circuit collar is brought into contact with the first contact portion to short-circuit the secondary resistance, and a standby position where the second contact portion is separated from the first contact portion and waits. In a winding motor comprising a secondary short-circuit device having a drive means for driving to move between,
A winding type electric motor comprising a position detection sensor for detecting a moving position of the short-circuit collar.   5. The wire-wound motor according to claim 4, wherein the position detection sensor is installed at a position for detecting both a standby position of the short-circuit collar and a short-circuit position.   A rotating machine, wherein the winding type motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is connected and driven.

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