JP2004285789A - Tunnel widening apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a widening apparatus for an existing tunnel, widening in a short period of time and at a low cost by safely keeping a tunnel to a designated period to minimize a traffic obstacle and minimizing the replacement work/installation position change work for appartus required for construction work. <P>SOLUTION: This tunnel widening apparatus includes: an excavating work part having a universal arm type cutter 10 and breaker 20 mounted on trucks 11, 21 moving on an arch frame adapted to extend over the outer periphery of the existing tunnel lining part and passing through the inner periphery of a tunnel liing part after widening and adapted to excavate the facing in the periphery of an existing tunnel lining part like an arch; a lining work part having a drifter 6 provided to move in the circumferential direction of the arch frame 2 toward the tunnel inner wall excavated like an arch and a concrete spray nozzle 24 and adapted to perform lining work; and a moving means part for moving a base 2 loaded with the arch frame 3 and the respective work parts in the axial direction of the tunnel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tunnel widening device for efficiently performing widening work in a short period of time while minimizing the use suspension period of an existing tunnel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, many technologies have been proposed for methods and devices for widening existing tunnels in order to cope with an increase in traffic volume, etc.However, tunnels to be widened have a high necessity for daily traffic. Therefore, various measures have been required to efficiently perform widening work while minimizing traffic interruption during the construction period.
[0003]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-270272 discloses a jet nozzle type excavator that uses an existing tunnel, provides an arch-shaped pedestal inside the tunnel, and moves on a circumference facing the face. A technique for excavating and constructing a new tunnel in the ground above the existing tunnel is proposed.
This technique is excellent in that it can be widened to a tunnel having a predetermined shape without obstructing the traffic of an existing tunnel. However, since only one type of excavator is placed on this arch-shaped gantry, it is not easy to cope with the face in various states, so the construction period is prolonged and the arch-shaped gantry is almost the same. It could only be widened to a tunnel with a cross section of the shape, and could not be widened to a tunnel with a larger diameter or a multi-core tunnel.
[0004]
Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-4756 discloses that various equipment such as an excavator and a pressing member are inserted into an existing tunnel at an upper portion and right and left sides of a gantry forming a space through which a vehicle can pass in a tunnel axial direction. A technology has been proposed which is a workstation-type tunnel widening device equipped with a tunnel that allows a vehicle to safely pass through the inside of the gantry and that crushes and removes the work of the existing tunnel simultaneously with excavation.
This technique is advantageous in that an excavator is provided at the tip of the movable arm so that a predetermined range of excavation can be achieved. However, in this technology, it is necessary to relocate equipment such as an excavator to a position corresponding to a work location each time. Further, when exchanging equipment for an application, the equipment is required to be located in a narrow corner widened portion. It was also difficult to replace the work, so it was difficult to shorten the construction period.
[0005]
On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-3677, an excavator faces a face on a circumference of an arch-shaped guide rail provided around the base in addition to a base similar to the workstation-type tunnel widening apparatus described above. Behind the guide rails, a PC lining device and back-filling injection device, etc., which are provided on a similar arch-shaped pedestal, are provided behind the guide rails. And the like are provided on a gantry thereof.
In this tunnel widening device, a main device required for tunnel widening is provided on an arch-shaped guide rail so as to be movable in a circumferential direction thereof. Labor for replacement can be saved.
[0006]
However, in this technique, it was necessary to remove the lining of the existing tunnel at the same time as the excavation and secure the traffic as a protective shelter using the gantry. When such a gantry is inserted, the inside of the existing narrow tunnel becomes a further narrow corner. For example, a two-lane road may be replaced with a one-lane road during construction.
[0007]
In addition, since the widened new tunnel is provided while removing the existing tunnel, the vehicle passes through the new tunnel portion, and then passes through the remaining existing tunnel via the mount. In this case, during the widening work, the equipment is carried out / in using the new tunnel, which is likely to be dangerous in traffic such as vehicles. For example, even if a slip-out conveyor is provided, this will operate the end of a new tunnel, which may obstruct traffic. In addition, when excavating the upper part of an existing tunnel, excavated soil (sludge) accumulates on a gantry, and it often takes time to remove the excavated soil, which hinders the progress of construction.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is intended to solve the above-described problems, and works to replace equipment necessary for construction while minimizing traffic obstruction by safely storing an existing tunnel until a predetermined time of widening construction.・ It is an object of the present invention to efficiently carry out widening work by minimizing the work of changing the installation position, and to widen the tunnel to a size and shape according to the purpose in a short period of time and at low cost.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Accordingly, the present invention provides an arch frame that straddles the outer periphery of an existing tunnel lining portion and can pass through the inner periphery of the tunnel lining portion after widening, and is provided so as to be movable in an arch shape on a surface of the arch frame facing the face. A digging work unit having a universal arm type cutter mounted on a trolley or a universal arm type breaker mounted on the trolley or both, and excavating a face around the existing tunnel lining part in an arch shape; A lining work section having a drifter and a concrete spraying nozzle movably provided in the circumferential direction along the arch frame toward the inner wall of the tunnel excavated in the arch shape, and performing a lining operation. And a moving means for moving a base on which the arch frame and each working section are mounted in the axial direction of the tunnel, and a tunnel widening for widening an existing tunnel. It was the location.
[0010]
This allows the widening work to proceed while preserving the existing tunnel, thereby minimizing traffic obstruction. In addition, since the excavation work unit is provided so as to be movable on the arch-shaped frame, it is not necessary to perform a relocation operation of the installation position of the excavation unit corresponding to the excavation position, and the cutter and the breaker can be changed as necessary. If used properly, it will be possible to excavate according to various face conditions. At the same time, lining work such as rock bolting and concrete spraying can be performed at the desired position on the tunnel wall along the arch frame, making work more efficient and shortening the construction period. can do.
[0011]
In addition, if the free-arm type concrete crusher can be replaced with the cutter or the breaker on the cart on the arch frame, the existing lining concrete structure can be easily crushed and removed.
[0012]
Furthermore, if the lining work part has an erector and a jib crane behind the arch frame, it becomes easy to grasp the support and install it at a predetermined location, and easily transport the material to a required position. can do.
[0013]
Then, a slide scaffold which can be extended and contracted between the storage position and the projecting position in the direction of the tunnel wall, and the projecting position and the projecting position in the direction of the face are arranged on the left and right sides behind the arch frame. While moving the scaffold in accordance with the position, it is possible to easily cope with work at any position.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
1 and 2 show a tunnel widening device 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view, and FIG. 2 is a front view.
As shown in FIG. 2, the tunnel widening device 1 includes bases 2, 2 arranged on the left and right, arch frames 3, 4 wrapped around the front and upper parts thereof in an arch shape, and a connection for connecting between them. The plates 7, 7 form an arch structure as a whole. The widening work can be progressed while the lining of the existing tunnel is completely wrapped around the inside of this arch structure while straddling the outer periphery.
[0016]
In FIG. 1, the left side is the direction of the widening face. The tunnel widening device 1 has a traveling device 52 supported by a plurality of wheels 51 on a rail 50 and traveling by a combination of a chain and a sprocket. And can travel on the rail 50 along the tunnel axis. In addition, the tunnel widening device 1 includes two outriggers 60 on the left and right sides to ensure stability during operation.
[0017]
On the surface of the arch frame 3 facing the face, a traversing carriage 11 movably mounted in the circumferential direction is arranged. On the traversing carriage 11, a movable arm 12 and a cutter head provided at the tip thereof are provided. The cutter 10 is mounted.
The cutter 10 has a movable arm 12 that can move freely over a wide range, and the traversing carriage 11 can move freely in the circumferential direction of the arch frame 3 in opposition to the face, so that the tunnel can be widened in accordance with various cross-sectional shapes. I can do it. The trolley 11 may be driven by providing a gear that meshes with an internal gear provided on the inner peripheral side of the arch frame 3 using a hydraulic motor or the like, and rotating the gear.
[0018]
On the arch frame 3, a free arm type breaker 20 mounted on a traversing carriage 21 mounted movably in the circumferential direction like the cutter 10 is arranged.
The breaker 20 is driven by a hydraulic unit 5 arranged on a base behind the arch frame 3. Further, the breaker 20 can be freely moved in the circumferential direction of the arch frame 3 similarly to the cutter 10. Therefore, efficient use of the cutter 10 and the breaker 20 in accordance with the state of the face enables efficient excavation. The cutter 10 mounted on the traversing carriage 21 can be replaced with a concrete crusher (not shown) equipped with a concrete crusher at the end of the movable arm.
[0019]
A concrete spray nozzle 24 provided at the tip of a movable arm 23 is also mounted on the traversing carriage 21 on which the breaker 20 is mounted. The concrete spray nozzle 24 can spray concrete radially toward the inner wall of the tunnel. Accordingly, the concrete spraying operation can be quickly performed corresponding to tunnels having various cross-sectional shapes like the breaker 20. Note that the concrete spray nozzle 24 may be disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the arch frame 3 toward the tunnel wall surface, in a manner movable in the circumferential direction, similarly to the drifter 6 described later.
[0020]
On the outer peripheral surface of the arch frame 3 toward the tunnel wall surface side, two drifters 6 and 6 are arranged so as to be independently movable on the outer peripheral surface.
The drifter 6 can move in the circumferential direction along the wall surface of the tunnel, can adjust the angle in the drilling direction, and can place a lock bolt at a desired position on the excavated wall surface at a desired angle. The movement of the drifter 6 is performed by engaging a gear provided on the leg of the drifter 6 with an internal gear provided inside a groove provided on the outer periphery of the arch frame 3 and rotating the gear by a hydraulic motor or the like. Is The drifters 6 and 6 may be mounted on the trolley 11 or 21 toward the tunnel wall, similarly to the concrete spray nozzle 24 described above.
[0021]
Between the arch frame 3 and the arch frame 4, stair-like connecting plates 7, 7 are respectively provided on the left and right sides to connect the two arch frames.
At the upper stage of the connecting plates 7, 7, a pair of erectors 8, 8 provided at the distal end of the movable arm are arranged on the left and right, and can be installed at a predetermined position by holding a support or the like.
[0022]
Further, a scaffold plate 7a is arranged on the upper and lower tiers of the left and right connecting plates 7, 7, respectively. The scaffolding plate 7a is composed of a plurality of plates slidably overlapped with each other, and is usually housed inside the outer peripheral surface of the arch frame 3; Can protrude. This makes it possible to easily provide a scaffold for various operations.
[0023]
Work frames 9, 9 are provided on the left and right behind the arch frame 4, and jib cranes 9a, 9a are provided at the ends thereof. By using the jib crane 9a, the shoring or the like can be transported and delivered to the erector 8, or other materials can be transported.
[0024]
Further, a control unit 41 is disposed on the bases 2 and 2 behind the arch frame 4 to perform various controls and to operate each device by an operator.
[0025]
Next, the operation of each operation of the tunnel widening device 1 will be described.
(Excavation work)
As shown in FIG. 3A, the excavation work is performed while the tunnel widening device 1 is advanced in the tunnel axis direction and the cutter 10 is brought into contact with the face. Further, as indicated by the dashed line, the cutter 10 can move freely on the circumference of the arch frame 3 with the tip directed to the face. In addition, the excavation position can be adjusted vertically and horizontally by the movable arm 12, so that it is possible to cope with tunnels of various shapes.
[0026]
As shown in (B) of FIG. 3, which is a cross-sectional view along the line Y-Y, an existing tunnel (lining part) is included inside the inner periphery of the arch shape of the tunnel widening device 1. . The existing tunnel 70 is safely preserved by providing only the reinforcing plate 71 on the inside and hardly hindering ordinary traffic.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 1, in the tunnel widening device 1, not only the cutter 10 but also the breaker 20 are arranged on the arch frame 3. It can be done easily. As shown in FIG. 4A, the breaker 20 is also movable on the arch frame 3 like the cutter 10, and its direction can be freely changed by the movable arm 22.
[0028]
(Slipping out)
As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the cutting debris is discharged from the left and right side wall guide portions 80, 80 to the end point side. Although the discharge is performed by the shuffler 81 etc., the excavation at the upper part of the existing tunnel causes the excavation debris to fall on the lining upper part of the existing tunnel. Since it can be dropped and is easily collected at one place, its removal is also easy.
[0029]
(Building of shoring)
When the shoring is built, the cutter 10 and the breaker 20 are moved to the positions of the side wall tunnels 80, 80 as shown in FIG. 6B, and the tunnel is widened as shown in FIG. 6A. The arch frame 3 is moved to the vicinity of the face by traveling of the device 1. It is also preferable that the drifters 6, 6 (not shown) are similarly moved to the side wall shafts 80, 80.
[0030]
The shoring work is carried out by lifting the shoring work 72 carried in by the jib crane 9a, moving the shoring work 72 in the direction of the face by a Telha crane 9b or the like, receiving the erection 8 and installing it near the face. As shown in FIG. 6B, the scaffold plate 7a slides in the wall direction and protrudes, and as shown in FIG. Makes work easier.
[0031]
(Concrete spraying)
As shown in FIG. 7, concrete is sprayed by retracting the tunnel widening device 1 after embedding the shoring work, folding the movable arm 22 of the breaker 20 and storing it. At this time, it is preferable to cure the breaker 20 and the cutter 10 with a sheet or the like to take measures to prevent concrete from adhering. In FIG. 7, the concrete spray nozzle 24 is provided on a traversing carriage 21 provided with a breaker 20. The concrete spray nozzle 24 is attached to the tip of the telescopic arm 23 and the trolley 21 can move freely on the circumference of the arch frame, so that it can cope with tunnels of any shape.
[0032]
(Lock bolt driving)
Usually, about two drifters 6 are arranged on the outer periphery of the arch frame 3. It is preferable to equip each with a rod changer.
At the time of rock bolt driving, the drifter 6 can be traversed on the outer periphery of the arch frame 3 and moved to the driving point. Since the two drifters 6 and 6 can move freely radially while facing the inner wall of the tunnel, they can be placed at many locations in a short time. Fine adjustment on the tunnel axis is performed by a fine movement operation of the main body of the tunnel widening device 1. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the lock bolt setting angle is set at, for example, 45 degrees.
[0033]
As described above, the tunnel widening device 1 can perform the tunnel widening operation while keeping the existing tunnel safe while minimizing the replacement work of each device. If the work of crushing and removing the existing tunnel is intensively performed in a short period of time after such work, the period during which traffic is stopped can be shortened. Also, this crushing / removing operation can be easily performed using the tunnel widening device 1. For example, a concrete crusher may be attached instead of the arm of the traversing carriage on the arch frame 3 described above.
Although the best mode for carrying out the present invention has been sufficiently described in the above description, the present invention is not limited to this.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, with the tunnel widening device of the present invention, the existing tunnel is safely stored until a predetermined time of the widening work, and traffic obstruction is minimized. Installation position change work can be minimized. In addition, this allows the widening work to proceed efficiently, and allows the tunnel to be widened to a desired size and shape in a short period of time and at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the tunnel widening device of FIG. 1;
3A is a side view showing a working state of the tunnel widening device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY of FIG. 3A.
4A is a side view showing a working state of the tunnel widening device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line ZZ of FIG. 4A.
FIG. 5A is a side view showing an execution state of an excavation debris removal operation, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 5A.
FIG. 6A is a side view showing a working state of the tunnel widening device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6B is a sectional view taken along line WW of FIG. 6A.
FIG. 7 is a side view showing a working state of the tunnel widening device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a side view showing a working state of the tunnel widening device of FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Tunnel widening device, 2 bases, 3, 4 arch frames, 5 hydraulic units, 6 drifters, 7 connecting plates, 7a scaffolding plates, 8 erectors, 9 work platforms, 9a jib cranes, 9b Telha cranes, 10 cutters, 11 and 21 Traversing trolley, 12,22 movable arm, 20 breaker, 23 telescopic arm, 24 concrete spray nozzle, 50 rail, 51 wheel, 52 running device, 60 outrigger, 70 existing tunnel, 71 reinforcing plate, 72 shoring, 80 side wall pit , 81 Shafloda

Claims (4)

An arch frame that straddles the outer periphery of the existing tunnel lining portion and can pass through the inner periphery of the tunnel lining portion after widening, and is mounted on a bogie provided to be movable in an arch shape on a surface facing the face of the arch frame. A digging work part having a universal arm type cutter or a universal arm type breaker mounted on the bogie or both, and excavating a face around the existing tunnel lining part in an arch shape, and excavating in the arch shape A lining work unit having a drifter and a concrete spray nozzle provided so as to be movable in the circumferential direction along the arch frame toward the inner wall of the tunnel, and performing the lining operation with the arch frame; A tunnel widening device for widening an existing tunnel, comprising: a moving means for moving a base on which each working unit is mounted in the axial direction of the tunnel. 2. The tunnel widening device according to claim 1, wherein a free-arm type concrete crusher can be replaced with the cutter or the breaker on the bogie on the arch frame. 3. 3. The tunnel widening device according to claim 1, wherein the lining work unit includes an erector and a jib crane behind the arch frame. 4. 4. A slide scaffold capable of extending and contracting between a storage position thereof, a projecting position in the direction of the tunnel wall, and a position between the projecting position and the projecting direction in the face direction is disposed on the left and right sides behind the arch frame. The tunnel widening device as described.

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