JP2004145283A - Lens with stainproof surface layer - Google Patents
Lens with stainproof surface layer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2004145283A JP2004145283A JP2003208739A JP2003208739A JP2004145283A JP 2004145283 A JP2004145283 A JP 2004145283A JP 2003208739 A JP2003208739 A JP 2003208739A JP 2003208739 A JP2003208739 A JP 2003208739A JP 2004145283 A JP2004145283 A JP 2004145283A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- lens
- surface layer
- modified silane
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
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- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJBBXFLOLUTGCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 SJBBXFLOLUTGCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、防汚性及び手垢、指紋等の汚れの拭き取り性に優れた防汚層を有するメガネ用、カメラ用、ルーペ用等のレンズに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
各種レンズのうち、特に手で取り扱うことが多いものの場合、手垢、指紋、皮脂、汗、唾液、整髪料等の化粧品等による汚れが付着しやすく、その汚れを完全に拭き取り除去するには手間がかかるとの問題があった。
【0003】
また、メガネ、カメラ等のレンズ表面には、一般的に反射防止膜が設けられていることが多いが、この反射防止膜は、同様に、手垢、指紋、皮脂、汗、唾液、整髪料等の化粧品等による汚れが付着しやすく、しかもその汚れの付着より表面反射率が変化するため、単なる透明板等の場合に比べて汚れが目立ちやすく、また、その汚れが拭き取りにくい等の問題点があり、その解決策が求められていた。
【0004】
従来、耐汚染性等が向上した反射防止性を有するレンズ等の光学物品としては、基材上に、真空蒸着法、イオンプレーティング法、スパッタリング法等のPVD法(Physical Vapor Deposition 法)により形成した二酸化ケイ素を主成分とする単層又は多層の無機物層からなる反射防止層の表面に、有機ポリシロキサン系重合物又はパーフルオロアルキル基含有重合物からなる硬化層を有するものが知られている(特許文献1)。しかし、前記硬化層は、手垢、指紋等の汚染物質が付着した場合に、ティッシュペーパー等で拭き取ることが困難であり、単に汚染物質が薄膜状に押し拡げられ、更に強く擦ると反射防止膜が傷つくため満足できる拭き取り除去を達成できないという問題点があった。
【0005】
また、一般にパーフルオロポリエーテル基含有化合物は、その表面エネルギーが非常に小さいために、撥水撥油性、耐薬品性、潤滑性、離型性、防汚性等を有する。その性質を利用して、工業的には紙、繊維等の撥水撥油防汚剤、磁気記録媒体の滑剤、精密機器の防油剤、離型剤、化粧料、保護膜等に幅広く利用されている。しかし、前記性質は同時に他の基材に対する非粘着性及び非密着性があることを示しており、従来から公知のパーフルオロポリエーテル基含有化合物は、基材表面に塗布することはできても、被膜を形成し、かつ、強固に密着させることはできなかった。
【0006】
一方、ガラス、布等の基材表面と有機化合物とを結合させるために、シランカップリング剤を用いることがよく知られている。シランカップリング剤は、1分子中に有機官能基と反応性シリル基(一般には、アルコキシシリル基)を有する。例えば、アルコキシシリル基を有するシランカップリング剤は、空気中の水分による加水分解及び縮合反応によりポリシロキサン構造を形成して被膜となる。それと同時に、前記有機官能基が前記反応性シリル基とともに、ガラス、金属等の基材の表面と化学的・物理的に結合することによって、耐久性を有する強固な被膜とすることができる。この性質を利用して、シランカップリング剤は各種基材表面のコーティング剤として幅広く利用されている。
【0007】
上記パーフルオロポリエーテル基含有化合物及びシランカップリング剤の特性を活かし、基材表面に強固な被膜を形成し、撥水撥油性、防汚性、耐薬品性、潤滑性、離型性等に優れた表面処理剤として、下記式(2):
【0008】
【化2】
(式中、Rfは炭素原子数1〜16の直鎖状又は分岐状パーフルオロアルキル基であり、Xはヨウ素原子又は水素原子であり、Yは水素原子又は低級アルキル基であり、Zはフッ素原子又はトリフルオロメチル基であり、R1は加水分解可能な基、R2は水素原子又は不活性な一価の有機基であり、c、d、e及びfは各々0〜200の整数であり、gは0又は1、p及びqは各々0〜2の整数であり、kは1〜10の整数である。)
で表わされる含フッ素シラン化合物を防汚層に用いたレンズが知られている(特許文献2)。
【0009】
しかし、前記一般式(2)で表わされる含フッ素シラン化合物は、1分子中の加水分解性基の含有割合は比較的多いものの、加水分解性基を分子鎖の片末端にしか有しないことから、特に、基材への密着性が不十分であるため耐久性の点で問題があり、レンズの表面処理剤として利用した場合には、所望の性能を長期間にわたって持続させ得るものではなく適切なものとはいえなかった。
【0010】
【特許文献1】
特公平6−5324号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平9−258003号公報
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、撥水撥油性に優れ、手垢、指紋、皮脂、汗、唾液、整髪料等の化粧品等の汚染物質が付着しにくく、また、手垢、指紋等の汚れが付着した場合でもティッシュペーパー等で容易に拭き取って除去することができ、また、表面の滑り性がよいため拭き取り時に表面が傷付きにくく、しかも撥水撥油性、防汚性、汚れの拭き取り除去性、耐擦傷性等の前記性能を長期間にわたって保持することができ、耐久性にも優れた防汚性を示す表面層を有するレンズの開発を目的とするものである。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、
レンズ基材と、表面層と、該表面層の直下にある下地部材とを有し、但し、該下地部材は、前記レンズ基材と同一であるか、又は異なる層であるレンズであって、前記表面層が、下記一般式(1):
【0013】
【化3】
(式中、Rfは、式:−(CkF2k)O−(前記式中、kは1〜6の整数である)で表わされる単位を含み、分岐を有しない直鎖状のパーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル構造を有する2価の基であり、Rは独立に炭素原子数1〜8の一価炭化水素基であり、Xは独立に加水分解性基又はハロゲン原子であり、nは独立に0〜2の整数であり、mは独立に1〜5の整数であり、a及びbは独立に2又は3である)
で表わされるパーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル変性シランの加水分解縮合物を含んでなるレンズを提供する。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明につき更に詳しく説明する。
【0015】
[レンズ基材]
レンズ基材の材質としては、レンズとしての機能に適したものであればよく、特に限定されない。後記の液状コーティング法等で基材レンズ上に反射防止層を形成する場合等には、ガラス又はプラスチックからなる基材が好ましく用いられる。
【0016】
レンズ基材をプラスチックを用いて形成する場合、その種類は適宜なものであってよい。例えば、アクリル系樹脂、ジエチレングリコールビスアリルカーボネート樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレートや不飽和ポリエステルの如きポリエステル系樹脂、トリアセチルセルロース等のアセテート系樹脂、スチレン系樹脂、塩化ビニル系樹脂等が挙げられる。
また、レンズ基材の形状も特に限定されず、メガネ、カメラレンズ等の用途に適した形状のものであればよい。
【0017】
[防汚層形成材料]
本発明のレンズは、上記表面層が、下記一般式(1):
【0018】
【化4】
(式中、Rf、R、X、n、m、a及びbは、前記のとおり)
で表わされるパーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル変性シランの加水分解縮合物を含んでなるものである。前記加水分解縮合物は、前記Xの加水分解及び縮合反応によって生じる3次元構造の硬化物である。
【0019】
ここで、Rf基は、前記のとおり、式:−(CkF2kO)−(式中、kは1〜6、好ましくは1〜4の整数である)で表わされる単位を含み、分岐を有しない直鎖状のパーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル構造からなる2価の基である。なお、前記一般式(1)中のnが各々0である場合、前記一般式(1)中の酸素原子(O)に結合する前記Rf基の末端は、酸素原子ではない。
このRf基としては、例えば、下記一般式で示されるものが挙げられる。但し、下記例示に限定されるものではない。
【0020】
−CF2CF2O(CF2CF2CF2O)lCF2CF2−
(式中、lは1以上、好ましくは1〜50、より好ましくは10〜40の整数である)
−CF2(OC2F4)p−(OCF2)q−
(式中、p及びqは、それぞれ、1以上、好ましくは1〜50、より好ましくは10〜40の整数であり、かつp+qの和は、10〜100、好ましくは20〜90、より好ましくは40〜80の整数であり、該一般式中の繰り返し単位 (OC2F4) 及び (OCF2) の配列はランダムである)
【0021】
上記Xが加水分解性基である場合としては、例えば、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、ブトキシ基等のアルコキシ基;メトキシメトキシ基、メトキシエトキシ基、エトキシエトキシ基等のアルコキシアルコキシ基;アリロキシ基、イソプロペノキシ等のアルケニルオキシ基;アセトキシ基、プロピオニルオキシ基、ブチルカルボニルオキシ基、ベンゾイルオキシ基等のアシロキシ基;ジメチルケトオキシム基、メチルエチルケトオキシム基、ジエチルケトオキシム基、シクロペンタノキシム基、シクロヘキサノキシム基等のケトオキシム基;N−メチルアミノ基、N−エチルアミノ基、N−プロピルアミノ基、N−ブチルアミノ基、N,N−ジメチルアミノ基、N,N−ジエチルアミノ基、N−シクロヘキシルアミノ基等のアミノ基;N−メチルアセトアミド基、N−エチルアセトアミド基、N−メチルベンズアミド基等のアミド基;N,N−ジメチルアミノオキシ基、N,N−ジエチルアミノオキシ基等のアミノオキシ基;等を挙げることができる。
また、上記Xがハロゲン原子である場合としては、例えば、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子等が挙げられる。
これらの中でも、上記Xとしては、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、イソプロペノキシ基及び塩素原子が好適である。
【0022】
上記Rは、炭素原子数1〜8、好ましくは1〜3の一価炭化水素基であり、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基等のアルキル基;シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等のシクロアルキル基;フェニル基、トリル基、キシリル基等のアリール基;ベンジル基、フェネチル基等のアラルキル基;ビニル基、アリル基、ブテニル基、ペンテニル基、ヘキセニル基等のアルケニル基等が挙げられる。これらの中でもメチル基が好適である。
【0023】
nは0〜2の整数であり、好ましくは1である。また、mは1〜5の整数であり、3であることが好ましい。
a及びbは各々2又は3であり、加水分解及び縮合反応性及び被膜の密着性の観点から、3であることが好ましい。
また、上記パーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル変性シランの分子量は、特に制限されないが、安定性、取扱い易さ等の点から、数平均分子量で500〜20,000、好ましくは1000〜10,000のものが適当である。
【0024】
上記パーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル変性シランの具体例としては、例えば、下記構造式で示されるものが挙げられる。但し、下記例示に限定されるものではない。
【0025】
(CH3O)3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2CF2O(CF2CF2CF2O)lCF2CF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3
(CH3O)2CH3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2CF2O(CF2CF2CF2O)lCF2CF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2
(CH3O)3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3
(CH3O)2CH3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2
(CH3O)3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2CF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CH2CH2OCH2CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3
(C2H5O)3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2Si(OC2H5)3
(上記各式中、lは1〜50、pは1〜50、qは1〜50、p+qに和は10〜100の整数であり、下4式中の繰り返し単位 (OC2F4) 及び (OCF2) の配列はランダムである)
これらは1種単独でも2種以上を組合わせても使用することができる。
また、場合により、上記パーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル変性シランと該変性シランの部分加水分解縮合物とを組み合わせて使用することができる。
【0026】
上記パーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル変性シランの加水分解縮合物を含む表面層は、表面エネルギーが小さいため、手垢、指紋、皮脂、汗、唾液、整髪料等の化粧品等の汚染物質が付着しにくく、また、前記汚染物質が付着した場合であっても容易に拭き取り除去することができる。そして、前記表面層はその表面の滑り性が優れたものであるため、拭き取り時の擦過による防汚性の機能低下が少なく、また、例えば、表面層が後記反射防止層上に形成される場合には、反射防止層表面に傷が付き難く、傷に由来する反射防止層の剥離を防ぐことができる。更に、上記パーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル変性シランは両末端に加水分解性の官能基又はハロゲン原子を有していることから下地部材との密着性に優れ、防汚性等の前記性能を長期間にわたって保持させることができる表面層を与える。
【0027】
[表面層の形成方法等]
上記パーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル変性シラン(以下、「変性シラン」という)の加水分解縮合物を含む表面層は、例えば、上記下地部材上に、変性シランを含む塗布剤を塗布した後に加水分解及び縮合させる方法、変性シランを直接上記下地部材上に真空蒸着した後に加水分解及び縮させる方法等によって形成することができる。
【0028】
変性シランを含む塗布剤を塗布する方法の場合、変性シランが流体であればそのまま使用してもよいが、適当な溶剤で希釈して用いてもよい。溶剤を用いる場合、1種単独でも2種以上の混合溶剤であってもよく、いずれにせよ変性シランを均一に溶解させるものが望ましい。
【0029】
使用できる溶剤としては、例えば、パーフルオロヘプタン、パーフルオロオクタン等のフッ素変性脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤;1,3−ジ(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン、トリフルオロメチルベンゼン等のフッ素変性芳香族炭化水素系溶剤;メチルパーフルオロブチルエーテル、パーフルオロ(2−ブチルテトラヒドロフラン)等のフッ素変性エーテル系溶剤;パーフルオロトリブチルアミン、パーフルオロトリペンチルアミン等のフッ素変性アルキルアミン系溶剤;石油ベンジン、ミネラルスピリッツ、トルエン、キシレン等の炭化水素系溶剤;アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等のケトン系溶剤;等が挙げられる。これらは1種単独で未2種以上を組み合わせても使用することができる。これらのなかでも、変性シランの溶解性、塗布対象面の濡れ性等の点で、フッ素変性された溶剤が好ましく、特に、1,3−ジ(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン、パーフルオロ(2−ブチルテトラヒドロフラン)、及びパーフルオロトリブチルアミンが好ましい。
【0030】
塗布方法としては、刷毛塗り、ディッピング、スプレー、スピンコーティング等の公知の塗布方法が採用することができる。処理方法によって最適な処理温度は異なるが、例えば、刷毛塗りおよびディッピングの場合は、室温から120℃の範囲で行うことが好ましい。処理湿度条件としては、加湿下で行うことが加水分解及び縮合反応を促進する上で好ましいが、使用する変性シラン化合物の種類、添加剤の使用等によって処理条件は異なるため、その都度最適な条件とすることが好ましい。
【0031】
また、上記塗布により形成された塗膜は、(溶剤を用いた場合には、溶剤の蒸発後に)大気中の水分により、加水分解されて本発明の表面層を形成するが、必要に応じて、塗布剤に、加水分解性の官能基又はハロゲン原子の加水分解反応を促進するため、触媒を添加してもよい。前記触媒としては、例えば、ジブチル錫ジメトキシド、ジラウリン酸ジブチル錫等の有機錫化合物;テトラn−ブチルチタネート等のチタン含有有機化合物;酢酸、メタンスルホン酸等の有機酸;硫酸等の無機酸;等が挙げられる。これらは1種単独でも2種以上を組み合わせても使用することができる。これらの中でも、特に、酢酸、テトラn−ブチルチタネート、及びジラウリン酸ジブチル錫が好ましい。前記触媒を添加する場合、その添加量は特に制限されず、触媒としての有功量であればよいが、通常、前記変性シラン100重量部に対して0.01〜5重量部、好ましくは0.1〜1重量部の範囲とされる。
【0032】
本発明で用いる変性シランは、真空蒸着、スパッタリング等の乾式薄膜形成方法により、前記変性シランからなる層をレンズ基材等の上に直接形成させることができる。前記方法により形成された変性シランからなる層は、次いで、大気中の水分により、加水分解及び縮合して硬化し、防汚性の表面層を形成する。
【0033】
上記の各方法によって、形成される防汚性の表面層の膜厚は、基材の種類、光学特性等に適宜設定されるが、通常、0.1nm〜5μm、好ましくは1〜100nmである。
【0034】
[無機系反射防止層]
本発明のレンズは、下地部材として、レンズ基材とは異なる層を、レンズ基材と表面層の間に有していてもよい。例えば、レンズ基材と表面層の間に無機系反射防止層を有するものであってもよい。
無機系反射防止層の形成には、無機酸化物、無機ハロゲン化物、又はそれらの複合物等よりなる無機物が用いられる。前記無機物の具体例としては、SiO2、ZrO2、Al2O3、Y2O3、TiO2等の無機酸化物;MgF2、BaF2、CaF2、LaF2、LiF、NaF、SrF2、Na3AlF6、Na5Al3F14等の無機ハロゲン化物が挙げられる。これらの無機物は、1種単独でも2種以上を組み合わせても使用することができる。
【0035】
無機系反射防止層の形成は、真空蒸着法、スパッタリング法、イオンオレーティング法等で代表される各種のPVD(Physical Vapor Deposition)法、あるいはスピンコート法、浸漬コート法、カーテンフローコート法、ロールコート法、スプレーコート法、流し塗り法等で代表される流体塗布法等の適宜な薄膜形成法にて行うことができる。
【0036】
前記PVD法には、上記に例示したSiO2等の無機酸化物やMgF2等の無機ハロゲン化物等が好ましく用いられる。特に、複層構造の反射防止層を形成する場合、前記反射防止層の最上層には、硬度の高さ、表面層との密着性等の点から、PVD法によりSiO2を主成分として含有する層に形成したものが好ましい。
【0037】
反射防止層は、反射防止効果等の点から複層構造とすることが好ましく、特に、最上層のSiO2系無機層よりも高い屈折率の層を1層又は2層以上内在させた複層構造とすることが好ましい。その場合、各層の厚さや屈折率の設定等については、A.VASICEK著「OPUTICS OF THIN FILMS」(pp.159〜283、北オランダ・パブリッシング・カンパニー発行、アムステルダム(1960))等の公知技術の如く、従来に準じることができる。
【0038】
また、前記においてレンズ基材がガラスの場合には、反射防止層にMgF2、CaF2、Na5Al3F14等の如き低屈折率を示すものを含ませることが、高い反射効果を得る点等より好ましい。また、レンズ基材がプラスチックの場合には、反射防止層にSiO2等の如き屈折率が比較的低くて硬度の高いものを含ませることが耐久性等の点より好ましい。
【0039】
[その他の層]
本発明のレンズは、レンズ基材上にハードコート層を有するものであってもよい。この場合には、レンズ基材と上記表面層又は上記反射防止層との間にハードコート層を有する形態のレンズとなる。
【0040】
ハードコート層も従来に準じて形成することができる。中でも、有機ケイ素化合物、特に一般式(3):
R3 cR4 dSi(OR5)4−c−d (3)
(式中、R3及びR4は各々非置換又は置換の炭素原子数1〜8の1価炭化水素基であり、R5は1価有機基であり、c及びdは各々0又は1である)
で表わされる有機ケイ素化合物、その部分加水分解縮合物等の硬化物からなるハードコート層が好ましい。前記式中のR3、R4としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基等のアルキル基;ビニル基、イソプロペニル基等のアルケニル基;フェニル基等のアリール基;及び、前記の基の水素原子の少なくとも1個が、塩素原子、臭素原子等のハロゲン原子、エポキシ基、グリシドキシ基、アミノ基、メルカプト基、メタクリロイルオキシ基、シアノ基等により置換された基が挙げられる。式中のR5としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基等の炭素原子数が1〜8のアルキル基;アセチル基、ベンゾイル基等のアシル基;フェニル基等のアリール基等が挙げられる。
【0041】
上記一般式(3)で表わされる有機ケイ素化合物としては、例えば、メチルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、γ−クロロプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ−メタクリロイルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、メチルシリケート、エチルシリケート等があげられる。これらは、1種単独でも2種以上を組み合わせても使用することができる。
【0042】
ハードコート層は、層を構成する上記有機ケイ素化合物又はその部分加水分解縮合物を必要に応じて溶剤を用いて、コート液とし、適宜硬化触媒をそれに添加し、浸漬法、ハケ塗り、スピンコート法、スプレー塗装、流し塗り等の方法で塗布し、常温又は加熱下(120℃以下が好ましい)で乾燥させる。乾燥後、更に熱処理(120℃以下が好ましい)して前記成分を硬化させてもよい。
【0043】
上記ハードコート層には、例えばゾル−ゲル法等により平均粒径が0.5〜5μmのシリカ、アルミナ等の金属酸化物等からなる微粒子を含有させてもよい。また、ハードコート層表面を、バフ、コロナ放電、イオンエッチング等の適宜な方法により中心線平均粗さが0.01〜0.5μmのエッチングされた表面となし、防眩機能を付与することもできる。
【0044】
さらにレンズ基材は、ハードコート層に代えて、あるいはハードコート層と共に、例えば、反射防止層密着性、硬度、耐薬品性、耐久性、染色性等の向上等を目的に、適宜なコート層をするものであってもよく、表面処理されたもの等であってもよい。
【0045】
ちなみに、レンズ基材がプラスチックである場合に、その表面硬度の向上には、特公昭50−28092号公報、特公昭50−28446号公報、特公昭50−39449号公報、特公昭51−24368号公報、特公昭57−2735号公報、特開昭52−112698号公報等に記載された高硬度化用の適宜な材料を用いることができる。また、チタン、アルミニウム、スズ等の金属;又はSiO2等からなる酸化物をコーティングする方法や、(メタ)アクリル酸のペンタエリスリトールエステル等の単量体の架橋重合体等からなるアクリル系架橋重合体の使用等も硬度の向上に有効である。
【0046】
【実施例】
以下、実施例及び比較例を示し、本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は下記の実施例に制限されるものではない。なお、下記の例において「部」は重量部を示す。
【0047】
[実施例1]
厚さ2mmのポリカーボネート樹脂基板(直径:80mm)に、シリカゾル 135重量部、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシランの部分加水分解縮合物 129重量部、及びγ−クロロプロピルトリメトキシランの部分加水分解縮合物 70重量部を含むエタノール溶液を基板に塗布し、硬化させて、厚さ約3μmのハードコート層を形成した。その上にスパッタリング方式で、SiO2層、TiO2層、SiO2層、TiO2層、SiO2層の5層をそれぞれ光学的膜厚をλ/4(λ=540nm)に設定して前記のとおりの順序で順次積層して反射防止層を形成した。
【0048】
次に、下記化合物1のパーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル変性シラン 0.2gをパーフルオロ(2−ブチルテトラヒドロフラン) 99.8gに溶解させ、コーティング溶液を調整した。この溶液を、上記反射防止層上にスピンコート法で塗工し、25℃、湿度70%の雰囲気下で24時間放置して、溶剤を蒸発させて除去し、かつ、硬化させて厚さが約5nmの防汚性の表面層を形成させた。この表面層が形成された試料片を用いて下記(1)から(3)の評価を行った。その評価結果を表1に示す。
【0049】
・化合物1
(CH3O)3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3
(式中、p=22、q=22、繰り返し単位 (OC2F4) 及び (OCF2) の配列はランダムである)
【0050】
[評価手法]
(1)表面特性の評価
▲1▼転落角(deg)
接触角計(協和界面科学社製:CA−A型)を用いて、直径2mmの大きさからなるオレイン酸液滴の試料片表面に対する転落角を測定した。測定結果は、試料片表面の異なる5ヶ所にて測定し、その平均値で示した。
【0051】
▲2▼剥離力
防汚層表面にポリエステル粘着テープ(日東電工社製:No.31B、幅19mm)を未着端部を残して貼り付けた。未着端部を引張試験機に固定して、180度の角度で剥離速度:300mm/min.で引張り、テープの剥離に要する力(単位:N/19mm)を測定した。
【0052】
(2)防汚層の耐久性の評価
上記試料片をフッ素系溶剤:AK−225(商品名、旭ガラス社製)に5分間浸漬後取出し乾燥したのち、上記▲1▼及び▲2▼で示した方法で転落角及び剥離力を測定した。これを、前記溶剤浸漬前の数値と比較して、防汚層の耐久性を評価した。
【0053】
(3)防汚性の評価
上記試料片に人差し指を5秒間押し当てて指紋を付着させた後、その指紋を乾いた布で拭取った時の指紋の拭取りやすさを評価した。評価基準は以下のとおりであり、被験者5人の平均の評価をその表面の評価とした。
指紋の拭取りやすさの評価基準
指紋を軽く拭取ることが出来る場合を良好であると評価し、○で表示した。指紋は拭取りにくいが、指紋の跡は残らない場合をやや不良であると評価し、△で表示した。
指紋は拭取りにくく、指紋の跡も残る場合を不良であると評価し、×で表示した。
【0054】
[実施例2]
実施例1で使用した上記化合物1のパーフルオロアルキレンポリアルキレンエーテル変性シラン 20gを、パーフルオロ(2−ブチルテトラヒドロフラン)80gに溶解させた溶液0.5gを、直径:5mm、高さ:3mmの円筒形状の多孔質セラミックペレットに含浸させ、次いで70℃×60分間の条件でパーフルオロ(2−ブチルテトラヒドロフラン)を蒸発させて除去した。このペレットを抵抗加熱体であるモリブデンボート上に乗せ、真空蒸着機:HSV−3−3G(商品名、佐藤真空社製)内に装着した。また、上記実施例1に記載のものと同一の反射防止層等が形成されているポリカーボネート樹脂基板を前記真空蒸着機内に装着した。次に、前記真空蒸着機内の圧力が5×10−3Torr以下の真空となるように排気した後、前記ボートを500℃以上に加熱して、真空蒸着を行った。
【0055】
このようにして、反射防止層の表面に、上記化合物1のパーフルオロアルキレンポリアルキレンエーテル変性シランの厚さ約4nmの層を形成することができた。その後、25℃、湿度70%の雰囲気下で24時間放置して、硬化させて表面層を形成させた。この試料片を用いて、実施例1と同様にして、評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0056】
[比較例1〜3]
実施例1の化合物1を、下記化合物2〜4に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験片を作成し、同様に評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
・化合物2
【0057】
【化5】
・化合物3
【0058】
【化6】
【0059】
・化合物4
(CH3O)3Si(CH2)3HNOCCF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CONH(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3
(式中、p=22、q=22、繰り返し単位 (OC2F4) 及び (OCF2) の配列はランダムである)
【0060】
【表1】
【0061】
[評価]
表1記載の結果からみて、加水分解性基であるメトキシ基を片端部のみに有する化合物2及び3を用いた比較例1及び2は、実施例1及び2と比べて撥油性が劣るのみならず、特に溶剤浸漬による性能の劣化が大きく耐久性の点において劣るものであることが分かる。また、メトキシ基を両端部に有するとともにアミド結合を有する化合物4を用いた比較例3は、耐久性の点では特に問題はないが、撥油性、テープ剥離強度及び指紋拭き取り性のいずれにおいても、実施例1及び2のものと比べて劣ることが分かる。
【0062】
こうしたことから、防汚性の表面層を有する本発明のレンズは、手垢、指紋、皮脂等の汚染物質が付着しにくく、汚染物質が付着しても容易に拭き取り除去することができ、耐久性にも優れているものと評価できる。
【0063】
【発明の効果】
本発明の防汚性の表面層を形成したレンズは、手垢、指紋等の汚染物質が付着しにくく、汚染物質が付着しても容易に拭き取り除去することができ、しかも表面の滑り性が良好で傷つきにくく、かつ、それらの性能を長期間にわたって保持し、耐久性がよい等の優れた特徴を有する。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to lenses for glasses, cameras, loupes, and the like having an antifouling layer having excellent antifouling properties and excellent wiping properties of dirt such as hand marks and fingerprints.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Of the various types of lenses, especially those that are often handled by hand, dirt from cosmetics such as grease, fingerprints, sebum, sweat, saliva, hair dressing, etc. tends to adhere, and it takes time to completely wipe off and remove the dirt. There was a problem with this.
[0003]
In general, an anti-reflection film is often provided on the lens surface of glasses, cameras, and the like, and this anti-reflection film is similarly used for hand stains, fingerprints, sebum, sweat, saliva, hairdressing materials, and the like. The dirt from cosmetics etc. is easy to adhere, and the surface reflectance changes due to the adhesion of dirt, so the dirt is more conspicuous than a simple transparent plate etc., and the dirt is difficult to wipe off. There was a need for a solution.
[0004]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, optical articles such as lenses having improved anti-reflection properties with improved stain resistance are formed on a substrate by a PVD method (Physical Vapor Deposition method) such as a vacuum evaporation method, an ion plating method, and a sputtering method. On the surface of an antireflection layer composed of a single layer or a multi-layer inorganic layer containing silicon dioxide as a main component, those having a cured layer composed of an organic polysiloxane-based polymer or a perfluoroalkyl group-containing polymer are known. (Patent Document 1). However, the hardened layer is difficult to wipe off with a tissue paper or the like when contaminants such as hand stains and fingerprints adhere thereto, and the contaminants are simply pushed out in a thin film form. There was a problem that satisfactory wiping removal could not be achieved due to damage.
[0005]
In general, a perfluoropolyether group-containing compound has extremely low surface energy, and thus has water and oil repellency, chemical resistance, lubricity, mold release properties, antifouling properties, and the like. Utilizing its properties, it is widely used industrially as a water and oil repellent antifouling agent for paper and fiber, lubricant for magnetic recording media, oilproofing agent for precision equipment, release agent, cosmetics, protective film, etc. ing. However, the above properties indicate that it has non-adhesiveness and non-adhesion to other substrates at the same time, and a conventionally known perfluoropolyether group-containing compound can be applied to the substrate surface A film could not be formed and could not be firmly adhered.
[0006]
On the other hand, it is well known to use a silane coupling agent to bond the surface of a substrate such as glass or cloth with an organic compound. The silane coupling agent has an organic functional group and a reactive silyl group (generally, an alkoxysilyl group) in one molecule. For example, a silane coupling agent having an alkoxysilyl group forms a polysiloxane structure by a hydrolysis and condensation reaction with moisture in the air to form a film. At the same time, the organic functional group, together with the reactive silyl group, chemically and physically bonds to the surface of a base material such as glass or metal, whereby a durable and strong coating can be obtained. Utilizing this property, silane coupling agents are widely used as coating agents for various substrate surfaces.
[0007]
Utilizing the properties of the above-mentioned perfluoropolyether group-containing compound and silane coupling agent, a strong film is formed on the surface of the base material, and water and oil repellency, stain resistance, chemical resistance, lubricity, mold release properties, etc. As an excellent surface treatment agent, the following formula (2):
[0008]
Embedded image
(In the formula, Rf is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, X is an iodine atom or a hydrogen atom, Y is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and Z is fluorine. An atom or a trifluoromethyl group,1Is a hydrolyzable group, R2Is a hydrogen atom or an inert monovalent organic group, c, d, e, and f are each an integer of 0 to 200, g is 0 or 1, p and q are each an integer of 0 to 2, , K is an integer of 1 to 10. )
There is known a lens using a fluorine-containing silane compound represented by the following formula for an antifouling layer (Patent Document 2).
[0009]
However, the fluorine-containing silane compound represented by the general formula (2) has a relatively high content of a hydrolyzable group in one molecule, but has a hydrolyzable group only at one end of a molecular chain. In particular, there is a problem in durability due to insufficient adhesion to a substrate, and when used as a surface treatment agent for a lens, the desired performance cannot be maintained over a long period of time and is not appropriate. I could not say that.
[0010]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-5324
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-9-258003
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is excellent in water and oil repellency, hardly adheres contaminants such as hand stains, fingerprints, sebum, sweat, saliva, cosmetics such as hair styling, and even when stains such as hand stains and fingerprints adhere to tissue paper. The surface can be easily wiped off by removing it, and the surface has good slipperiness, so the surface is not easily scratched when wiping, and it has water repellency, oil repellency, antifouling property, dirt wiping removal property, scratch resistance, etc. It is an object of the present invention to develop a lens having a surface layer that can maintain the above performance for a long period of time and has excellent durability and antifouling properties.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
A lens substrate, a surface layer, and a base member immediately below the surface layer, provided that the base member is the same or a different layer from the lens base, The surface layer has the following general formula (1):
[0013]
Embedded image
(Wherein, Rf is represented by the formula:-(CkF2kA) a divalent group having a unit represented by O- (wherein k is an integer of 1 to 6) and having a linear, unbranched perfluoropolyalkylene ether structure, and R is Is independently a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, X is independently a hydrolyzable group or a halogen atom, n is independently an integer of 0 to 2, and m is independently 1 to 5 And a and b are independently 2 or 3.
A lens comprising a hydrolytic condensate of a perfluoropolyalkylene ether-modified silane represented by the following formula:
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
[0015]
[Lens substrate]
The material of the lens substrate is not particularly limited as long as it is suitable for the function as a lens. When an anti-reflection layer is formed on a substrate lens by a liquid coating method described later or the like, a substrate made of glass or plastic is preferably used.
[0016]
When the lens substrate is formed using plastic, the type may be appropriate. Examples thereof include acrylic resins, diethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate resins, polycarbonate resins, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and unsaturated polyester, acetate resins such as triacetyl cellulose, styrene resins, and vinyl chloride resins.
In addition, the shape of the lens substrate is not particularly limited, and any shape may be used as long as it is suitable for applications such as eyeglasses and camera lenses.
[0017]
[Anti-fouling layer forming material]
In the lens of the present invention, the surface layer has the following general formula (1):
[0018]
Embedded image
(Wherein, Rf, R, X, n, m, a, and b are as described above)
And a hydrolyzed condensate of a perfluoropolyalkylene ether-modified silane represented by the formula: The hydrolysis-condensation product is a cured product having a three-dimensional structure generated by the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of X.
[0019]
Here, the Rf group is represented by the formula:-(CkF2kO)-(where k is an integer of 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4), and a divalent group comprising a linear perfluoropolyalkylene ether structure having no branch It is. When n in the general formula (1) is each 0, the terminal of the Rf group bonded to the oxygen atom (O) in the general formula (1) is not an oxygen atom.
Examples of the Rf group include those represented by the following general formula. However, it is not limited to the following examples.
[0020]
-CF2CF2O (CF2CF2CF2O)lCF2CF2−
(Wherein, l is an integer of 1 or more, preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 10 to 40)
-CF2(OC2F4)p− (OCF2)q−
(Where p and q are each an integer of 1 or more, preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 10 to 40, and the sum of p + q is 10 to 100, preferably 20 to 90, more preferably An integer of from 40 to 80, wherein the repeating unit (OC2F4) And (OCF2The sequence of is random)
[0021]
Examples of the case where X is a hydrolyzable group include, for example, an alkoxy group such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group and a butoxy group; an alkoxyalkoxy group such as a methoxymethoxy group, a methoxyethoxy group and an ethoxyethoxy group; And alkenyloxy groups such as isopropenoxy; acyloxy groups such as acetoxy group, propionyloxy group, butylcarbonyloxy group and benzoyloxy group; dimethylketoxime group, methylethylketoxime group, diethylketoxime group, cyclopentanoxime group, and cyclohexano Ketoxime groups such as a oxime group; N-methylamino group, N-ethylamino group, N-propylamino group, N-butylamino group, N, N-dimethylamino group, N, N-diethylamino group, N-cyclohexylamino Amino groups such as groups Amide groups such as N-methylacetamide group, N-ethylacetamide group, N-methylbenzamide group; aminooxy groups such as N, N-dimethylaminooxy group, N, N-diethylaminooxy group; and the like. .
Examples of the case where X is a halogen atom include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
Among them, X is preferably a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an isopropenoxy group and a chlorine atom.
[0022]
R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, and octyl. Alkyl groups such as cyclopentyl group and cyclohexyl group; aryl groups such as phenyl group, tolyl group and xylyl group; aralkyl groups such as benzyl group and phenethyl group; vinyl group, allyl group, butenyl group and pentenyl group And an alkenyl group such as a hexenyl group. Of these, a methyl group is preferred.
[0023]
n is an integer of 0 to 2, preferably 1. Further, m is an integer of 1 to 5, and is preferably 3.
a and b are each 2 or 3, and preferably 3 from the viewpoint of hydrolysis and condensation reactivity and adhesion of the coating.
The molecular weight of the perfluoropolyalkylene ether-modified silane is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 500 to 20,000, more preferably from 1,000 to 10,000 in terms of number average molecular weight, from the viewpoint of stability, ease of handling, and the like. Appropriate.
[0024]
Specific examples of the perfluoropolyalkylene ether-modified silane include those represented by the following structural formula. However, it is not limited to the following examples.
[0025]
(CH3O)3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2CF2O (CF2CF2CF2O)lCF2CF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2Si (OCH3)3
(CH3O)2CH3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2CF2O (CF2CF2CF2O)lCF2CF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2
(CH3O)3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2Si (OCH3)3
(CH3O)2CH3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2
(CH3O)3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2CF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CH2CH2OCH2CH2CH2Si (OCH3)3
(C2H5O)3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2Si (OC2H5)3
(In each of the above formulas, l is 1 to 50, p is 1 to 50, q is 1 to 50, and the sum of p + q is an integer of 10 to 100, and the repeating unit (OC2F4) And (OCF2The sequence of is random)
These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
In some cases, the perfluoropolyalkylene ether-modified silane and a partially hydrolyzed condensate of the modified silane can be used in combination.
[0026]
The surface layer containing the hydrolyzed condensate of the perfluoropolyalkylene ether-modified silane has a low surface energy, so that it is difficult for contaminants such as hand stains, fingerprints, sebum, sweat, saliva, and hairdressing products to adhere to contaminants, Even if the contaminants adhere, they can be easily wiped and removed. And since the surface layer has excellent slipperiness on its surface, there is little deterioration in the antifouling function due to rubbing at the time of wiping. In this method, the surface of the antireflection layer is hardly scratched, and peeling of the antireflection layer due to the scratch can be prevented. Furthermore, since the perfluoropolyalkylene ether-modified silane has a hydrolyzable functional group or a halogen atom at both ends, it has excellent adhesion to the base member, and exhibits the above-described performance such as antifouling property for a long time. Provides a surface layer that can be retained.
[0027]
[Surface layer forming method, etc.]
The surface layer containing the hydrolytic condensate of the perfluoropolyalkylene ether-modified silane (hereinafter, referred to as “modified silane”) is formed, for example, by applying a coating agent containing the modified silane on the base member, and then subjecting the surface layer to hydrolysis and condensation. And a method of directly subjecting the modified silane to vacuum deposition on the base member, followed by hydrolysis and shrinkage.
[0028]
In the method of applying a coating agent containing a modified silane, the modified silane may be used as it is if it is a fluid, but may be diluted with an appropriate solvent before use. When a solvent is used, it may be a single solvent or a mixed solvent of two or more solvents. In any case, a solvent which uniformly dissolves the modified silane is desirable.
[0029]
Solvents that can be used include, for example, fluorine-modified aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as perfluoroheptane and perfluorooctane; fluorine-modified aromatic hydrocarbons such as 1,3-di (trifluoromethyl) benzene and trifluoromethylbenzene Solvents; fluorine-modified ether solvents such as methyl perfluorobutyl ether and perfluoro (2-butyltetrahydrofuran); fluorine-modified alkylamine solvents such as perfluorotributylamine and perfluorotripentylamine; petroleum benzine, mineral spirits, and toluene , Xylene and the like; hydrocarbon solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone; and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, a fluorine-modified solvent is preferred in view of the solubility of the modified silane, the wettability of the surface to be coated, and the like. In particular, 1,3-di (trifluoromethyl) benzene, perfluoro (2-butyl) Tetrahydrofuran) and perfluorotributylamine are preferred.
[0030]
Known application methods such as brush coating, dipping, spraying, and spin coating can be used as the application method. Although the optimum processing temperature varies depending on the processing method, for example, in the case of brushing and dipping, it is preferable to perform the processing in the range of room temperature to 120 ° C. As the treatment humidity condition, it is preferable to perform the treatment under humidification in order to promote the hydrolysis and condensation reaction, but the treatment condition varies depending on the type of the modified silane compound used, the use of the additive, etc. It is preferable that
[0031]
Further, the coating film formed by the above coating is hydrolyzed by moisture in the air (after evaporation of the solvent when a solvent is used) to form the surface layer of the present invention. A catalyst may be added to the coating composition in order to promote the hydrolysis reaction of a hydrolyzable functional group or a halogen atom. Examples of the catalyst include organic tin compounds such as dibutyltin dimethoxide and dibutyltin dilaurate; titanium-containing organic compounds such as tetra-n-butyl titanate; organic acids such as acetic acid and methanesulfonic acid; inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid; Is mentioned. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, acetic acid, tetra n-butyl titanate, and dibutyl tin dilaurate are particularly preferred. When the catalyst is added, the amount of addition is not particularly limited, and may be any effective amount as a catalyst, but is usually 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the modified silane. It is in the range of 1 to 1 part by weight.
[0032]
The modified silane used in the present invention can form a layer composed of the modified silane directly on a lens substrate or the like by a dry thin film forming method such as vacuum evaporation and sputtering. The layer made of the modified silane formed by the above method is then hydrolyzed and condensed by moisture in the atmosphere to be cured, thereby forming an antifouling surface layer.
[0033]
The thickness of the antifouling surface layer formed by each of the above methods is appropriately set depending on the type of the substrate, optical characteristics, and the like, but is usually 0.1 nm to 5 μm, and preferably 1 to 100 nm. .
[0034]
[Inorganic antireflection layer]
The lens of the present invention may have a layer different from the lens substrate between the lens substrate and the surface layer as a base member. For example, an inorganic antireflection layer may be provided between the lens substrate and the surface layer.
For the formation of the inorganic antireflection layer, an inorganic material such as an inorganic oxide, an inorganic halide, or a composite thereof is used. Specific examples of the inorganic substance include SiO 22, ZrO2, Al2O3, Y2O3, TiO2Inorganic oxides such as MgF2, BaF2, CaF2, LaF2, LiF, NaF, SrF2, Na3AlF6, Na5Al3F14And the like. These inorganic substances can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0035]
The inorganic anti-reflection layer is formed by various kinds of PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) typified by a vacuum evaporation method, a sputtering method, an ion-olating method, or a spin coating method, an immersion coating method, a curtain flow coating method, and a roll. It can be performed by an appropriate thin film forming method such as a fluid coating method represented by a coating method, a spray coating method, a flow coating method and the like.
[0036]
In the PVD method, the SiO.2Such as inorganic oxides and MgF2And the like are preferably used. In particular, when an anti-reflection layer having a multilayer structure is formed, the uppermost layer of the anti-reflection layer is formed of SiO 2 by PVD in view of high hardness, adhesion to a surface layer, and the like.2Formed in a layer containing as a main component.
[0037]
The anti-reflection layer preferably has a multilayer structure from the viewpoint of the anti-reflection effect and the like.2It is preferable to have a multilayer structure in which one or two or more layers having a higher refractive index than the system inorganic layer are provided. In this case, the setting of the thickness and the refractive index of each layer is described in A. Conventional techniques can be used, such as a known technique such as "OPTICS OF THIN FILMS" (pp. 159 to 283, published by the Publishing Company of the Netherlands, Amsterdam (1960)).
[0038]
Further, in the above case, when the lens substrate is glass, MgF2, CaF2, Na5Al3F14It is preferable to include a material having a low refractive index, such as the above, from the viewpoint of obtaining a high reflection effect. When the lens substrate is plastic, the antireflection layer is made of SiO.2It is preferable from the viewpoint of durability and the like to include a material having a relatively low refractive index and a high hardness such as the above.
[0039]
[Other layers]
The lens of the present invention may have a hard coat layer on a lens substrate. In this case, a lens having a hard coat layer between the lens substrate and the surface layer or the antireflection layer is obtained.
[0040]
The hard coat layer can also be formed according to the related art. Among them, the organosilicon compound, particularly the general formula (3):
R3 cR4 dSi (OR5)4-cd(3)
(Where R3And R4Is an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,5Is a monovalent organic group, and c and d are each 0 or 1.
The hard coat layer which consists of hardened | cured materials, such as an organosilicon compound represented by these, and its partial hydrolysis condensate, is preferable. R in the above formula3, R4As an example, an alkyl group such as a methyl group and an ethyl group; an alkenyl group such as a vinyl group and an isopropenyl group; an aryl group such as a phenyl group; and at least one hydrogen atom of the above group is a chlorine atom, Examples thereof include groups substituted with a halogen atom such as a bromine atom, an epoxy group, a glycidoxy group, an amino group, a mercapto group, a methacryloyloxy group, a cyano group, and the like. R in the formula5Examples thereof include an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group and an octyl group; an acyl group such as an acetyl group and a benzoyl group An aryl group such as a phenyl group.
[0041]
Examples of the organosilicon compound represented by the general formula (3) include, for example, methyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, γ-chloropropyltriethoxysilane, γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropyl Examples include trimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, methyl silicate, ethyl silicate and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0042]
The hard coat layer is a coating liquid using the above-mentioned organosilicon compound or its partial hydrolyzed condensate, if necessary, with a solvent, forming a coating solution, appropriately adding a curing catalyst thereto, and dipping, brushing, and spin coating. It is applied by a method such as spray coating, flow coating and the like, and dried at normal temperature or under heating (preferably 120 ° C. or lower). After drying, the components may be further cured by heat treatment (preferably at 120 ° C. or lower).
[0043]
The hard coat layer may contain fine particles made of a metal oxide such as silica or alumina having an average particle size of 0.5 to 5 μm by, for example, a sol-gel method. In addition, the hard coat layer surface may be provided with an etched surface having a center line average roughness of 0.01 to 0.5 μm by an appropriate method such as buffing, corona discharge, or ion etching to impart an antiglare function. it can.
[0044]
Further, the lens substrate may be replaced with a hard coat layer or together with the hard coat layer, for example, an appropriate coating layer for the purpose of improving adhesion, hardness, chemical resistance, durability, dyeing property, etc. of the antireflection layer. Or a surface-treated one.
[0045]
Incidentally, when the lens substrate is plastic, the surface hardness thereof is improved by the methods described in JP-B-50-28092, JP-B-50-28446, JP-B-50-39449, and JP-B-51-24368. Appropriate materials for increasing the hardness described in JP-A-57-2735, JP-A-52-112698, and the like can be used. Also, metals such as titanium, aluminum and tin; or SiO2A method of coating an oxide made of the above, or the use of an acrylic cross-linked polymer made of a cross-linked polymer of a monomer such as pentaerythritol ester of (meth) acrylic acid is also effective in improving the hardness.
[0046]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples. In the following examples, "parts" indicates parts by weight.
[0047]
[Example 1]
On a polycarbonate resin substrate having a thickness of 2 mm (diameter: 80 mm), 135 parts by weight of silica sol, 129 parts by weight of partially hydrolyzed condensate of γ-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, and partial hydrolysis of γ-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane An ethanol solution containing about 70 parts by weight of the condensate was applied to the substrate and cured to form a hard coat layer having a thickness of about 3 μm. On top of that, by sputtering, SiO2Layer, TiO2Layer, SiO2Layer, TiO2Layer, SiO2The five layers were sequentially laminated in the order described above with the optical thickness set to λ / 4 (λ = 540 nm) to form an antireflection layer.
[0048]
Next, 0.2 g of a perfluoropolyalkylene ether-modified silane of the following compound 1 was dissolved in 99.8 g of perfluoro (2-butyltetrahydrofuran) to prepare a coating solution. This solution is applied on the anti-reflection layer by a spin coating method, and left standing for 24 hours in an atmosphere of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 70% to remove the solvent by evaporation and to cure to a thickness. An antifouling surface layer of about 5 nm was formed. The following evaluations (1) to (3) were performed using the sample having the surface layer formed thereon. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
[0049]
・ Compound 1
(CH3O)3SiCH2CH2CH2OCH2CF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CH2OCH2CH2CH2Si (OCH3)3
(Where p = 22, q = 22, and the repeating unit (OC2F4) And (OCF2The sequence of is random)
[0050]
[Evaluation method]
(1) Evaluation of surface characteristics
(1) Fall angle (deg)
Using a contact angle meter (manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd .: CA-A type), the falling angle of the oleic acid droplet having a diameter of 2 mm with respect to the surface of the sample piece was measured. The measurement results were measured at five different locations on the surface of the sample piece, and the average value was shown.
[0051]
(2) Peeling force
A polyester adhesive tape (manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation: No. 31B, width 19 mm) was attached to the surface of the antifouling layer except for the unattached end. The unattached end was fixed to a tensile tester, and a peeling speed of 300 mm / min. And the force (unit: N / 19 mm) required for peeling the tape was measured.
[0052]
(2) Evaluation of durability of antifouling layer
The sample piece was immersed in a fluorinated solvent: AK-225 (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) for 5 minutes, taken out and dried, and the falling angle and peeling force were measured by the methods described in (1) and (2) above. did. This was compared with the value before immersion in the solvent to evaluate the durability of the antifouling layer.
[0053]
(3) Evaluation of antifouling property
After the index finger was pressed against the sample piece for 5 seconds to attach a fingerprint, the ease with which the fingerprint was wiped off with a dry cloth was evaluated. The evaluation criteria were as follows, and the average evaluation of five subjects was used as the evaluation of the surface.
Evaluation criteria for ease of fingerprint wiping
The case where the fingerprint could be wiped off lightly was evaluated as good, and was indicated by ○. The case where the fingerprint was difficult to wipe off but no trace of the fingerprint remained was evaluated as slightly defective, and was indicated by a triangle.
The case where the fingerprint was difficult to wipe and the trace of the fingerprint also remained was evaluated as defective, and was indicated by x.
[0054]
[Example 2]
0.5 g of a solution obtained by dissolving perfluoroalkylene polyalkylene ether-modified silane # 20 g of the compound 1 used in Example 1 in 80 g of perfluoro (2-butyltetrahydrofuran) was used to obtain a cylinder having a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 3 mm. The porous ceramic pellets were impregnated, and perfluoro (2-butyltetrahydrofuran) was removed by evaporation at 70 ° C. for 60 minutes. The pellet was placed on a molybdenum boat, which is a resistance heating element, and mounted in a vacuum evaporation machine: HSV-3-3G (trade name, manufactured by Sato Vacuum Co., Ltd.). Further, a polycarbonate resin substrate having the same anti-reflection layer as that described in Example 1 was mounted in the vacuum evaporation machine. Next, the pressure in the vacuum evaporation machine was 5 × 10-3After evacuating to a vacuum of Torr or less, the boat was heated to 500 ° C. or more to perform vacuum deposition.
[0055]
Thus, a layer having a thickness of about 4 nm of the perfluoroalkylene polyalkylene ether-modified silane of Compound 1 was formed on the surface of the antireflection layer. Then, it was left to stand in an atmosphere of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 70% for 24 hours to be cured to form a surface layer. Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using this sample piece. Table 1 shows the results.
[0056]
[Comparative Examples 1 to 3]
A test piece was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Compound 1 of Example 1 was changed to Compounds 2 to 4 below, and evaluation was performed in the same manner. Table 1 shows the results.
・ Compound 2
[0057]
Embedded image
・ Compound 3
[0058]
Embedded image
[0059]
・ Compound 4
(CH3O)3Si (CH2)3HNOCCF2(OC2F4)p(OCF2)qOCF2CONH (CH2)3Si (OCH3)3
(Where p = 22, q = 22, and the repeating unit (OC2F4) And (OCF2The sequence of is random)
[0060]
[Table 1]
[0061]
[Evaluation]
From the results shown in Table 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 using Compounds 2 and 3 each having a methoxy group that is a hydrolyzable group only at one end had poor oil repellency compared to Examples 1 and 2. In particular, it can be seen that the deterioration in performance due to solvent immersion is large and the durability is inferior. Further, Comparative Example 3 using compound 4 having a methoxy bond at both ends and having an amide bond has no particular problem in terms of durability, but in any of oil repellency, tape peeling strength and fingerprint wiping properties, It can be seen that it is inferior to those of Examples 1 and 2.
[0062]
For these reasons, the lens of the present invention having an antifouling surface layer is hardly adhered to contaminants such as hand stains, fingerprints, and sebum, and can be easily wiped off even if contaminants are adhered. Can be evaluated as excellent.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
The lens on which the antifouling surface layer of the present invention is formed is hardly adhered to contaminants such as hand stains and fingerprints, can be easily wiped off even if contaminants adhere, and has good surface slipperiness. And has excellent characteristics such as being resistant to damage, maintaining their performance for a long period of time, and having good durability.
Claims (9)
で表わされるパーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル変性シランの加水分解縮合物を含んでなるレンズ。A lens base, a surface layer, and a base member immediately below the surface layer, provided that the base member is the same or a different layer from the lens base, The surface layer has the following general formula (1):
A lens comprising a hydrolyzed condensate of a perfluoropolyalkylene ether-modified silane represented by the formula:
−CF2CF2O(CF2CF2CF2O)lCF2CF2−
(式中、lは1以上の整数である)
で表わされるパーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル構造を有する2価の基であるレンズ。The lens according to claim 1, wherein Rf in the general formula (1) is the following general formula:
—CF 2 CF 2 O (CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) 1 CF 2 CF 2 —
(Where l is an integer of 1 or more)
A lens which is a divalent group having a perfluoropolyalkylene ether structure represented by
−CF2(OC2F4)p−(OCF2)q−
(式中、p及びqは、それぞれ1以上の整数であり、かつp+qの和は、10〜100の整数であり、該一般式中の繰り返し単位 (OC2F4) 及び (OCF2) の配列はランダムである)
で表わされるパーフルオロポリアルキレンエーテル構造を有する2価の基であるレンズ。The lens according to claim 1, wherein Rf in the general formula (1) is the following general formula:
-CF 2 (OC 2 F 4) p - (OCF 2) q -
(In the formula, p and q are each an integer of 1 or more, and the sum of p + q is an integer of 10 to 100, and each of the repeating units (OC 2 F 4 ) and (OCF 2 ) in the general formula (Array is random)
A lens which is a divalent group having a perfluoropolyalkylene ether structure represented by
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JP2007196211A (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-08-09 | Seiko Epson Corp | Manufacturing method for optical product |
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