JP2003000704A - Peritoneal dializer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized peritoneal dializer using a disposable cassette wherein a diaphragm and a heating part are integrally formed, capable of quietly performing a flow channel changeover operation and having a high heating capacity. SOLUTION: In the peritoneum dializer using the disposable cassette 8 wherein the diaphragm, the heating part and a flow channel changeover part are integrally formed, clamps 111-118 for opening/closing the flow channel changeover part are provided in order to form flow channels for heating a constant amount of a dialysing liquid to a predetermined temperature in the heating part, to continuously send the heated peritoneal dialysing liquid into the abdominal cavity and to suck/drain the dialysing liquid from the abdominal cavity.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a peritoneal dialysis device using a disposable cassette (peritoneal dialysis circuit) integrally formed with a diaphragm and a heating part.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, peritoneal dialysis has attracted attention because of its low treatment cost and prevention of peritoneal adhesion, as compared with dialysis using an artificial kidney.

A peritoneal dialysis device used in the dialysis method by this peritoneal dialysis is generally a dialysate container (hereinafter referred to as a dialysate) containing a peritoneal dialysate (hereinafter referred to as dialysate) injected into the peritoneum (intraperitoneal cavity) of a patient. An injection bag connected to a bag) and a reservoir bag connected to a drainage container (bag) for collecting dialysate discharged from a patient are placed in a pressure chamber for use. That is, the dialysis machine main body of the peritoneal dialysis machine is formed with a pressure chamber for accommodating the injection bag and the reservoir bag, and pressurizing the inside of the chamber.
By depressurizing, the injection bag or the reservoir bag is pumped. Further, the dialysis machine main body is provided with a heater for heating the dialysate in the infusion bag to a predetermined temperature range.

However, in the conventional peritoneal dialysis device, it is necessary to make the chamber and the heater have a size corresponding to the injection bag and the reservoir bag, and the peritoneal dialysis device itself becomes large and the size of the peritoneal dialysis device is increased. The weight increases. Therefore, in the medical field, especially at home, in the home, a large installation space is required for the peritoneal dialysis device, and handling of the peritoneal dialysis device becomes difficult, which hinders smooth medical treatment. There is a risk.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent No. 3113887 proposes a peritoneal dialysis device in which a valve actuator opens and closes a valve to switch the flow path of a disposable cassette at the time of selection. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-347115 proposes a disposable cassette in which a pump part (diaphragm) for feeding a peritoneal dialysate and a heating part are integrally formed. This cassette is heated from both sides and is configured so that the heated peritoneal dialysate is delivered into the abdominal cavity of the patient by two pump portions (diaphragms).

However, according to the former, the valve actuator is intermittently operated, so that there is a problem that the operation noise of the valve is generated during dialysis during sleep at night, which is annoying.

Further, according to the latter, there is a problem that the heating capacity is not sufficient for the liquid feeding capacity of the pump.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in a peritoneal dialysis apparatus using a disposable cassette integrally formed with a diaphragm and a heating portion, the flow passage switching operation is quiet. In addition, the object is to provide a peritoneal dialysis device that has a high heating capacity and can be configured to be small and lightweight.

In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a peritoneal dialysis device in which anyone can reliably and easily carry out the loading operation of the detachable cassette and yet the heating capacity is sufficiently secured.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the object, according to the present invention, a disposable type cassette in which a diaphragm (diaphragm pump section) for sending a liquid, a heating section and a flow path switching section are integrally formed is loaded, and a dialysate is supplied. A peritoneal dialysis device used by connecting to a stored dialysate container and a drainage container, a main body provided with an operation unit and a display unit, and cassette loading means for detachably loading the cassette, After the cassette is loaded, the diaphragm is placed in a positive pressure state and a negative pressure state to feed liquid from the dialysate container and to the drain container, and after loading the cassette, A heater means for heating a fixed amount of dialysate to a predetermined temperature in the heating unit, and the heated dialysate is delivered into the abdominal cavity of a patient, and after a predetermined time elapses, the dialysate is sucked from the abdominal cavity. To form a flow path for draining Flow path switching means for opening and closing the flow path switching portion, control means connected to the operation portion, the display portion, the cassette loading means, the pumping operation means, the heater means, and the flow passage switching means, It is characterized by having.

Further, a disposable cassette in which a liquid-feeding diaphragm (diaphragm pump portion) and a heating portion formed as upper and lower two passages and a passage switching portion are integrally formed via a gap portion. A peritoneal dialysis device used by connecting to a dialysate container storing dialysate and a drainage container, the main body having an operating unit and a display unit, and the cassette being detachable. Cassette loading means for loading, and pumping operation means for feeding liquid from the dialysate container and to the drain container by placing the diaphragm in a positive pressure state and a negative pressure state after loading the cassette. After loading the cassette, a three-layer surface heater is provided which is in close contact with the channels of the upper and lower two systems to heat a fixed amount of dialysate to a predetermined temperature in the heating unit from above and below. Heater means and the heated A flow path switching that opens and closes the flow path switching unit in order to form a flow path for aspirating and draining dialysate from the abdominal cavity after a lapse of a predetermined time by sending the eluate to the patient's abdominal cavity almost continuously. Means, control means connected to the operation portion, the display portion, the cassette loading means, the pumping operation means, the heater means, and the flow path switching means,
It is characterized by having.

Further, the flow passage switching means opens or closes the flow passage switching portion by rotating a plurality of cam shafts having a plurality of cams continuously or intermittently by the drive portion of each cam shaft. It is characterized in that a plurality of clampers (clamps) are provided.

Further, the clamper of the flow path switching means has a large-diameter coil spring for returning for contacting the cam surface of the cam, and an excessive blockage of the flow path of the flow path switching portion. A small-diameter coil spring is provided.

Further, the cassette loading means includes a cassette elevating means for elevating the cassette after inserting the cassette from the front opening of the main body, and the cassette elevating means moves the cassette from a lower position to an operating position. By moving, the three-layer surface heater is positioned at a predetermined position where the upper and lower two channels are in close contact with each other, and the pump chamber of the pumping operation means is maintained in an airtight state with respect to the diaphragm, and It is characterized in that the flow path switching means is configured to be opened and closed by the clamper.

The main body has a main base for installation,
The sub-base fixed to the main base is used as an attachment base, and the three-layer surface heater includes an upper surface heater fixed to the sub-base, an intermediate heater and a lower surface that sneak into the gap of the cassette. The cassette elevating / lowering means is provided on the main base and is elevated / lowered by a first cam mechanism driven by a motor. A lower surface heater that is lifted and lowered by a second cam mechanism provided on the member, and the second cam mechanism is rotated by being brought into contact with a stud planted downward from the sub base. It is characterized by being configured into.

Further, a pin for sneaking into the positioning hole portion of the cassette for positioning by moving the cassette upward to the operating position by the cassette elevating means is planted in the sub-base portion. I am trying.

Further, an openable and closable lid for closing the opening of the cassette loading means is provided on the front surface of the main body, and the cassette is connected to the dialysate container and the drainage container. Is provided on the side surface, and a shielding plate is provided which is moved to prevent interference with the connection tube when the cassette is loaded through the opening.

Further, while holding the connection tube in a state of being sandwiched with respect to the air bubble sensor arranged in the sub base, when the cassette is lowered from the operating position,
It is characterized in that a pinch releasing means for releasing the pinched state is provided.

Further, the main base portion and the sub base portion are made of an aluminum plate to reduce the weight, and the cassette elevating means is arranged in the main base portion, and the sub base portion is provided with
A control board of the control means, a power supply means including a battery, the pump chamber of the pumping operation means, a vacuum pump, a tank, and the clamper drive means of the flow path switching means are arranged. .

Further, the cassette loading means has a locking state in which the cassette is locked to the rear end surface of the cassette when the cassette is inserted from the front opening of the main body and set in the cassette elevating means, and the locking state. And a lever means for turning on and off a sensor means for detecting the presence / absence of a cassette, which is rotated against an urging force by coming into contact with the cassette front end surface. It is characterized in that the presence or absence of the cassette is detected and the cassette is ejected from the loading position in cooperation with the locking means.

Further, the pumping actuating means includes a switching valve for connecting the diaphragm to the positive pressure and negative pressure states by communicating with the pump chamber, a vacuum pump, and positive and negative pressure reserve tanks. A pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in each reserve tank is provided, and the supply amount of dialysate can be monitored by the pressure sensor.

The storage card for changing the screen of the display unit is removable from the back surface of the main body.

[0023]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The peritoneal dialysis apparatus of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. First, FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing the peritoneal dialysis device of the present invention together with a disposable cassette (peritoneal dialysis circuit) 8, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration.

In both figures, the peritoneal dialysis device 1 comprises a dialysis device body 2 and a cassette 8 for the peritoneal dialysis device which is detachably attached to the dialysis device body 2.

Further, in FIG. 1, the dialysis machine main body 2 has a cassette mounting portion 21 having an opening 21a shown by a chain double-dashed line for mounting the cassette 8 from the front, and a state in which the cassette mounting portion 21 is closed and opened. 22 is rotated by holding the grip portion 22a at the positions shown by the solid line and the broken line in FIG.
The display unit 23, an operation unit (start switch) 24a for performing a treatment start operation, and an operation unit (stop switch) 24b for performing a treatment stop operation.

The shapes and colors of the operating portion 24a and the operating portion 24b are different from each other in the vertical direction so that the operating portion 24a and the operating portion 24b can be easily distinguished from each other.
Two protrusions are formed on 4b. Further, in order to prevent erroneous operation, the operation unit 24a and the operation unit 24b are provided on the display unit 2
It is provided so as to be spaced apart with 3 in between.

The display unit 23 is composed of, for example, a touch panel provided with a liquid crystal (LCD) panel or the like, and displays various information necessary for dialysis by pressing the touch panel and an operation instruction of the device together with a voice guide. By doing so, operability and convenience are ensured.

The dialysis machine main body 2 includes a main base portion 20 shown by a broken line.
0 and the sub-base 201 are used as mounting bases, and the illustrated resin covers are provided, and the main base 2
00 and the sub-base 201 are made of an aluminum metal plate having a thickness of 1 to 2 mm, and large holes are bored everywhere to reduce the weight. A lightweight resin cover is fixed to these bases. Further, for example, a memory card 204 having a storage capacity of 100 megabytes or more is provided so that it can be loaded into the card reading device 203 shown by a broken line from the back of the device, and the display contents and sound of the display unit 23 can be changed and each country can be changed. It is configured so that the specifications of can be changed quickly.

Further, a shield plate 202 is provided on the right side of the cassette mounting portion 21 shown by the two-dot chain line so as to be movable in the direction of the arrow shown by the broken line, and mechanically acts on the connection tube 85 of the cassette 8. By preventing interference, the cassette 8 can be set at the loading position.

On the other hand, the cassette 8 includes a cassette body 81 having a shape attachable to and detachable from the cassette mounting portion 21 of the dialysis machine body 2, a lower body frame 811 formed continuously from the cassette body 81, and the lower body frame 811. Upper body frame 812 provided to face each other with a gap 86 therebetween.
It consists of and.

Further, the cassette body 81 is integrally formed with a diaphragm 87 for feeding liquid, a heating section 83 and a flow path switching section, and the diaphragm 87 is surrounded by a flange member 815. Is configured.

Next, referring to FIG. 2, the peritoneal dialysis device 1 is
The dialysate circuit unit 3 includes a dialysate circuit unit 3, and the dialysate circuit unit 3 stores a plurality of dialysate bags (dialysate) that contain (store) dialysate to be injected (injected) into the peritoneum (peritoneal cavity) of the patient K. (Container) 4, additional dialysate bag 5 containing dialysate with different concentrations, drainage tank (drainage container) 6 for collecting dialysate drained from the peritoneum of patient K, and peritoneum of patient K Dialysis catheter (catheter tube) 7 placed inside
Prepared to connect with.

Here, the dialysate circuit unit 3 has a liquid injection tube circuit 31, an additional liquid injection tube circuit 32, a liquid injection / drainage tube circuit 33, and a liquid drainage tube circuit 34. Furthermore, the dialysate circuit unit 3 has a switching cassette circuit 82 provided in the cassette body 81 of the cassette 8, a heating cassette circuit 83, and a bypass circuit (patient side tube circuit) 84. The circuit 82 includes a liquid injection circuit 821, an additional liquid injection circuit 822,
The liquid injection / drainage circuit 823 and the drainage circuit 824 are included.

Further, in the external perspective view showing the flow path switching section and the clamper (clamp) 240 of the cassette 8 of FIG. 3, one end of the liquid injection circuit 821, one end of the additional liquid injection circuit 822, and the liquid injection / drainage circuit. The connection tubes 85a, 85b, 85c, and 85d are provided at the other end of the drainage circuit 824 and the other end of the drainage circuit 824.
Are connected.

In FIG. 2, a plurality of branch tube circuits 35 are branched and connected to one end side of the liquid injection tube circuit 31, and one end of each branch tube circuit 35 is connected to the dialysate bag 4. The other end of the liquid injection tube circuit 31 is connected to one end of the liquid injection circuit 821 via a connection tube 85a.

One end of the additional tube circuit 32 is connected to the additional dialysate bag 5, and the other end of the additional tube circuit 32 is connected to one end of the additional injection circuit 822 via the connection tube 85b. .

Further, one end of the liquid injection / drainage tube circuit 33 is connected to the other end of the liquid injection / drainage circuit 823 by a connecting tube 85c.
Is connected via the liquid injection / drainage tube circuit 33.
The other end of is connected to the dialysis catheter 7 via a transfer tube set 36. One end of the drainage tube circuit 34 is connected to the other end of the drainage circuit 824 by the connecting tube 8
5d, and the other end of the drainage tube circuit 34 is connected to the drainage tank 6.

Switching cassette circuit 8 forming a flow path switching portion
The infusion tube circuit 31, the additional infusion tube circuit 32, the infusion / drainage tube circuit 33, and the drainage tube circuit 34, which are connected to the No. 2 when the cassette 8 is attached to the dialyzer body 2, 2 is located on the front surface or the front side surface.

The branch tube circuit 35, the additional liquid injection tube circuit 32, the liquid injection / drainage tube circuit 33, and the liquid drainage tube circuit 34 each have a clamp 37 (flow channel opening / closing means) for opening and closing the flow channel. Is provided.

Next, in the three-dimensional exploded view of the cassette 8 of FIG. 4, the same reference numerals are given to the components already described in this figure, and the description will be omitted. Two divided heating cassette circuits 831, A gap 86 is formed between 832, and when the cassette main body 81 is mounted on the cassette mounting portion 21 of the dialysis machine main body 2, it is applied to both sides (upper surface and lower surface) of each of the divided heating cassette circuits 831 and 832. The heater (heating unit) of the heating means 9 is located so that the divided heating cassette circuits 831 and 832 are heated by being sandwiched by the corresponding heaters.

The cassette body 81 is provided with the switching cassette circuit 82 shown in FIG. 1. The switching cassette circuit 82 includes the liquid injection circuit 821 shown in FIG. 3, the additional liquid injection circuit 822, and the liquid injection circuit 822. / Drainage circuit 823 and drainage circuit 824. The other end of the additional liquid injection circuit 822 communicates with the middle of the liquid injection circuit 821, and one end of the drainage circuit 824 communicates with the vicinity of the other end of the liquid injection circuit 821.

Furthermore, when the cassette body 81 is mounted on the cassette mounting portion 21 of the dialysis machine body 2, the switching cassette circuit 82 is closed by the clamper 240 shown in FIG. It is configured to be switchable with.

Here, the liquid injection circuit state means the liquid injection circuit 82.
1 (or additional liquid injection circuit 822) and liquid injection / drainage circuit 82
The state in which the dialysis fluid bag 4 (or the additional dialysis fluid bag 5) and the dialysis catheter 7 are in communication with each other by the communication of 3
In other words, it refers to a state for injecting the dialysate into the peritoneum of the patient K (a state in which it can be infused).

The drainage circuit state is a state in which the dialysis catheter 7 and the drainage tank 6 are in communication with each other by the communication between the infusion / drainage circuit 823 and the drainage circuit 824, in other words, the peritoneum of the patient K. It means a state for draining the dialysate from the inside (a state in which the dialysate can be drained). Further, the cassette body 81 is provided with a heating cassette circuit 83 shown in FIG. The heating cassette circuit 83 includes two sheet-shaped divided heating cassette circuits 831 and 832 which are arranged to face each other.

One end of the lower divided heating cassette circuit 831 communicates with the other end of the liquid injection circuit 821, and the other end of the lower divided heating cassette circuit 831 is divided into the upper divided via the connecting pipe 833. It communicates with one end of the heating cassette circuit 832.
The other end of the upper divided heating cassette circuit 832 is
It communicates with one end of the liquid injection / drainage circuit 823.

Therefore, the dialysate sequentially flows through the lower divided heating cassette circuit 831 and the upper divided heating cassette circuit 832 in this order.

In the present invention, the dialysate may be divided into the divided heating cassette circuit 831 on the lower side and the divided heating cassette circuit 832 on the upper side, and then merged. .

The flow paths of the divided heating cassette circuits 831 and 832 are meandering as shown in the plan view of the cassette 8 of FIG. 5 and the rear view of the cassette 8 of FIG. It may be in a shape. As described above, by forming the meandering shape or the spiral shape, the flow paths of the divided cassette circuits 831 and 832 are lengthened, and the dialysate can be reliably heated.

Further, the cassette body 81 is provided with a diaphragm pump 87 which is kept airtight in a pump chamber described later for pumping operation by contraction and expansion to feed dialysate, and the diaphragm pump 87.
Are connected in the middle of the liquid injection circuit 821.

The flange member 815 accommodates the diaphragm pump 87 in a hermetically sealed state so that the diaphragm pump 87 contracts when pressurized and the diaphragm pump 87 expands when decompressed.

Further, the cassette body 81 is provided with the bypass circuit 84 as described above. One end of this bypass circuit 84 is connected to the upstream side of the heating cassette circuit 83, in the middle of the liquid injection circuit 821 in the present embodiment, and the other end of the bypass circuit 84 is connected to the downstream side of the heating cassette circuit 83.
In the present embodiment, it is connected in the middle of the liquid injection / drainage circuit 823. The bypass circuit 84 connects the upstream side and the downstream side of the heating cassette circuit 83, and forms a circulation circuit for cooling the dialysate.

Further, in order to forcibly cool the dialysate, the bypass circuit 84 may be provided with a forcible cooling means such as a Peltier element for quick and reliable cooling.

The switching cassette circuit 82, the heating cassette circuit 83, the bypass circuit 84 and the diaphragm pump 87 are arranged substantially in a plane. Thereby, the thickness of the cassette 8 can be made thinner.

When the cassette body 81 is mounted in the cassette mounting portion 21 of the dialysis machine body 2, the heating cassette circuit 8
The outlet side (downstream side) of 3 is switchable between a final liquid injection circuit state and a return circuit state. Here, the final liquid injection circuit state means a state in which the outlet side of the heating cassette circuit 83 is in communication with the liquid injection / drainage circuit 823 and is not in communication with the bypass circuit 84. The return circuit state means a state in which the outlet side of the heating cassette circuit 83 communicates with the bypass circuit 84 and does not communicate with the liquid injection / drainage circuit 823.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, at the position corresponding to the switching cassette circuit 82 of the lower main body frame 811, the first to eighth support protrusions 88 forming the flow path switching portion are formed.
1-888 are formed. The first support protrusion 881 is
The second support protrusion 882 supports the vicinity of one end of the liquid injection circuit 821, supports the additional liquid injection circuit 822, and the third support protrusion 883 is the diaphragm pump 87 in the liquid injection circuit 821. And a portion between one end of the bypass circuit 84 and the fourth support protrusion 884.
Supports the space between the diaphragm pump 87 and one end of the heating cassette circuit 83 in the liquid injection circuit 821. Similarly, the fifth support protrusion 885 supports the drainage circuit 824, and the sixth support protrusion 886 is used for injecting liquid.
The drainage circuit 823 supports the other end of the heating cassette circuit 83 and the other end of the bypass circuit 84,
The seventh support protrusion 887 supports the vicinity of the other end of the liquid injection / drainage circuit 823, and the eighth support protrusion 888 supports the bypass circuit 84.

Switching cassette circuit 82 and bypass circuit 8
4 and the diaphragm pump 87 are integrally formed by blow molding. As a result, it is possible to reduce the joining of separate parts, improve the quality of the cassette 8, and reduce the cost.

The divided heating cassette circuits 831 and 832 of the heating cassette circuit 83 are formed by sheet molding. This simplifies the manufacturing of the divided heating cassette circuits 831 and 832 and reduces the cost.

Further, the switching cassette circuit 82, the bypass circuit 84 and the diaphragm pump 87 are subjected to high frequency fusion (high frequency welding) to the divided heating cassette circuits 831 and 832.
It is joined by adhesion.

Here, in order to form the divided heating cassette circuits 831 and 832 by sheet molding, for example, two resin sheets are superposed and fused in a predetermined pattern. The part that is not fused forms a flow path.

The constituent materials of the switching cassette circuit 82, the heating cassette circuit 83, the bypass circuit 84 and the diaphragm pump 87 are respectively soft resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer and ethylene-acetic acid. Vinyl copolymer (EV
A) such as polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyamide, polyimide, poly- (4-methylpentene-1), ionomer, acrylic resin, polyethylene terephthalate (PET),
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and other polyesters, styrene-based, polyolefin-based, polyvinyl chloride-based, polyurethane-based, polyester- and polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomers, silicone resins, polyurethanes, etc. Examples thereof include a coalesced product, a blended product, a polymer alloy, and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more (for example, as a laminate of two or more layers).

Further, in FIG. 5, the cassette body 81
Holes 81a, 81a for positioning are formed in this, and positioning is performed by a positioning pin described later. Further, openings 81b forming a part of the flow path switching portion are formed so as to face the first to eighth support protrusions, and the clamper can be closed by sneaking into these openings 81b. ing.

As shown in the heater block diagram of FIG. 7, a heating means 9 for heating the heating cassette circuit 83 of the cassette 8 is provided in the dialysis machine main body 2, and the heating means 9 is
It has a plate-shaped (layered) lower surface heater 91, a plate-shaped (layered) upper surface heater 92, and a plate-shaped (layered) intermediate surface heater 93.

Here, the lower surface heater 91 heats the lower surface of the lower divided heating cassette circuit 831 from below through the aluminum plate 94a as a heat transfer member.
The upper surface heater 92 has an upper divided heating cassette circuit 83.
Aluminum plate 94d as a heat transfer member from above on the upper surface of 2
It is something that is heated through. Then, the intermediate surface heater 9
3 is located in the gap 86, and heats the upper surface of the lower divided heating cassette circuit 831 from above via the aluminum plate 94b as a heat transfer member, and also the upper divided heating cassette circuit 832. The lower surface is heated from below through an aluminum plate 94c as a heat transfer member.

As a result, the dialysate in the lower divided heating cassette circuit 831 is heated while being sandwiched between the lower surface heater 91 and the intermediate surface heater 93, and in the upper divided heating cassette circuit 832. The dialysate inside is the heater 9 on the upper surface.
It is heated in a state of being sandwiched between 2 and the intermediate surface heater 93.
Therefore, the heating efficiency of the dialysate inside the heating cassette circuit 83 by the heating means 9 is improved, which is advantageous for downsizing and weight saving of the dialyzer main body 2 and the cassette 8.

The clamp means 11 shown in FIG. 3 switches the switching cassette circuit 82 of the cassette 8 between one of the liquid injection circuit state and the liquid discharge circuit state, and the outlet side of the heating cassette circuit 83 is finally injected. It switches to one of the liquid circuit state and the drain circuit state, and assists the pumping operation of the diaphragm pump 87.

That is, first to eighth clamps 111 to 118 indicated by arrows are provided in the dialysis machine main body 2, and the first clamp 111 cooperates with the first support protrusion 881 to inject liquid. The vicinity of one end of the circuit 821 is clamped so that the flow path is closed. The second clamp 112 cooperates with the second support protrusion 882 to clamp the additional liquid injection circuit 822 so that the flow path is closed. The third clamp 113 has a third
In cooperation with the support protrusion 883, the diaphragm pump 87 in the liquid injection circuit 821 and one end of the bypass circuit 84 are clamped so that the flow path is closed. The fourth clamp (pumping control clamp) 114 has a fourth support protrusion 884.
In cooperation with, the diaphragm pump 87 in the liquid injection circuit 821 and the one end of the heating cassette circuit 83 are clamped so that the flow path is closed.

Similarly, the fifth clamp 115 cooperates with the fifth support protrusion 885 to clamp the drainage circuit 824 so that the flow path is closed. The sixth clamp 116 cooperates with the sixth support protrusion 886 to clamp the flow path between the other end of the heating cassette circuit 83 and the other end of the bypass circuit 84 in the liquid injection / drainage circuit 823. To do. The seventh clamp 117 cooperates with the seventh support protrusion 887 to clamp the vicinity of the other end of the liquid injection / drainage circuit 823 so that the flow path is closed. Then, the eighth clamp 118 is connected to the eighth support protrusion 88.
8 to clamp the bypass circuit 84 so that the flow path is closed. Therefore, when switching the switching cassette circuit 82 to the liquid injection circuit state, the first clamp 111
(Or second clamp 112), fourth clamp (pumping control clamp) 114, sixth clamp 116,
The seventh clamp 117 is switched to the unclamped state, and the second clamp 112 (or the first clamp 111), the fifth clamp 115, and the eighth clamp 118 are switched to the clamped state. Then, the chamber 814 is activated by the pumping operation means 10.
When pressurizing the inside, the fourth clamp 114 is switched to the unclamped state and the third clamp 113 is switched to the clamped state. Furthermore, when the pressure inside the chamber 814 is reduced by the pumping operation means 10,
The fourth clamp 114 is switched to the clamped state and the third clamp 113 is switched to the unclamped state. As a result, the dialysate can be sent from the dialysate bag 4 (or the additional dialysate bag 5) to the dialysis catheter 7, that is, injected.
It is possible to bring the dialysate into the abdominal cavity as shown in (a).

When the switching cassette circuit 82 is switched to the drainage circuit state and replaced, the seventh clamp 117 and the eighth clamp 117 are used.
The clamp 118 is switched to the unclamped state, and the first clamp 111 and the second clamp 1
By switching the 12, fourth clamp 114, and sixth clamp 116 to the clamped state, respectively, the drainage recovery state shown in FIG. 8B can be obtained.

When the pumping operation means is used to reduce the pressure in the pump chamber, the third clamp 113 is switched to the unclamped state and the fifth clamp 115 is switched to the clamped state. Further, when the inside of the chamber 814 is pressurized by the pumping operation means, the third clamp 113 is switched to the clamped state and the fifth clamp 113 is pressed.
By switching the clamp 115 to the unclamped state, the dialysate can be drained from the dialysis catheter 7 toward the drain tank 6.

Diaphragm pump 87, third clamp 113, fourth clamp 114, and fifth clamp 11
5, the pumping actuating means constitutes a liquid sending means for sending the dialysate.

Further, when the switching cassette circuit 82 is in the liquid injection circuit state and the outlet side of the heating cassette circuit 83 is in the final liquid injection circuit state, the seventh clamp 117 is in the unclamped state and the eighth clamp 118 is in the unclamped state. It is in a clamped state.

When the outlet side of the heating cassette circuit 83 is switched to the return circuit state, the first clamp 111, the second clamp 111
The clamp 112 and the seventh clamp 117 are switched to the clamp state, and the eighth clamp 118 is switched to the unclamp state. As a result, the dialysate does not flow from the outlet side of the heating cassette circuit 83 toward the dialysis catheter 7 but flows through the bypass circuit 84 toward the diaphragm pump 87. That is, the dialysate circulates between the bypass circuit 87 and the heating cassette circuit 83.

Seventh clamp 117 and eighth clamp 118
And constitute a liquid injection return circuit switching means for switching the outlet side of the heating cassette circuit 83 between the final liquid injection circuit state and the return circuit state.

Here, when the dialysate is drained, the drainage is collected in the drain tank 6 via the bypass circuit 84. This can simplify the structure of the flow path.

As described above, by providing the cassette body 81 with the switching cassette circuit 82, the heating cassette circuit 83, the bypass circuit 84, and the diaphragm pump 87, the size and weight of the peritoneal dialysis device 1 can be reduced. Therefore, the peritoneal dialysis device 1 can be easily handled, such as being transported, and a smooth medical procedure can be performed.

Particularly, the divided heating cassette circuits 831 and 8
Since the dialysate flowing through 32 is heated while being sandwiched by the corresponding heaters, the heating efficiency of the dialysate is improved, and the peritoneal dialysis device 1 can be made smaller and lighter. it can.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
Is equipped with various sensors for controlling the temperature of the dialysate.

That is, on the downstream side of the heating cassette circuit 83 of the dialysis machine main body 2, the temperature (outlet liquid temperature) of the dialysate flowing through the outlet side (downstream side) of the heating cassette circuit 83 is measured (detected). The temperature sensor 12A for the outlet liquid temperature is installed,
At the upstream side of the heating cassette circuit 83, an inlet fluid temperature sensor 12B for measuring (detecting) the temperature (inlet fluid temperature) of the dialysate flowing through the inlet side (upstream side) of the heating cassette circuit 83 is installed. Has been done.

Here, as the outlet liquid temperature temperature sensor 12A and the inlet liquid temperature temperature sensor 12B, it is preferable to use a thermopile type infrared sensor (non-contact type temperature sensor) having an extremely fast response speed. Thereby, the temperature of each surface heater 91, 92, 93 can be controlled with high precision.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, each surface heater 91,
Each of 92 and 93 is provided with a heater temperature sensor 13 such as a thermistor for measuring (detecting) the temperature. Further, the dialysis machine main body 2 is provided with a bubble sensor 14 for detecting bubbles on the inlet side and the outlet side of the switching cassette circuit 82, respectively. In addition, the peritoneal permeation device 1 includes various sensors (various sensors 16) other than an occlusion sensor that detects occlusion of a circuit.

Further, as shown in the block diagram of FIG.
The peritoneal dialysis device 1 is equipped with a control system (control means) 15 that controls each of injection and drainage of dialysate.

That is, the control system 15 includes the CPU 1
51 and a storage unit 152, and the CPU 151 includes a clamp control unit 153 for controlling the plurality of clamps 111 to 118, a heater control unit 154 for controlling the temperatures of the plurality of surface heaters 91, 92, 93, and pumping. Actuating means 1
Pumping operation control units 155 that control 0 are electrically connected to each other. Further, the CPU 151 includes an outlet liquid temperature temperature sensor 12A, an inlet liquid temperature temperature sensor 12B, heater temperature sensors 13, bubble sensors 14, a display unit 23, and operation units 24a and 24b, respectively.
Each is electrically connected. The CPU 15
1, a power supply circuit 156, a battery circuit 157, a sound generation circuit 400, and a cassette loading control unit 301 that controls the cassette loading means 300 are electrically connected.
The display unit 23 is electrically connected to a card reading device 203 into which the above memory card can be loaded.

When the temperature measured by the outlet liquid temperature temperature sensor 12A becomes a predetermined temperature (39 ° C. in the present embodiment) or higher, the control system 15 causes the clamp control section 153 to make 7 clamp 117
Control to switch to the clamped state, and the eighth clamp 11
While controlling 8 to switch to the unclamped state,
The heater control unit 154 controls the plurality of surface heaters 91, 9
Switch to the OFF state to stop the driving of Nos. 2 and 93.

The output (output value) of each surface heater 91, 92, 93 is selected based on the dialysate temperature control flow and the dialysate temperature. That is, the control system 15
The temperature of the dialysate to be injected falls within a predetermined temperature range based on the temperature laterally measured by the outlet fluid temperature sensor 12A and the temperature measured by the inlet fluid temperature sensor 12B. The output (drive) of the plurality of surface heaters 91, 92, 93 is controlled so that Then, the clamp controller 153
The first clamp 111 (or the second clamp 1
12), the fourth clamp 114, the sixth clamp 116, and the seventh clamp 117 are controlled to switch to the unclamped state, and the second clamp 112 (or the first clamp 111), the fifth clamp 115, and the eighth clamp 11 are controlled.
Control 8 to switch to the clamped state. This allows
The switching cassette circuit 82 can be switched to the liquid injection circuit state. Further, the heater control unit 154 controls to supply electric power (output) to the plurality of surface heaters 91, 92, 93. As a result, the heating step of heating the dialysate flowing through the heating cassette circuit 83, in other words, the temperature control flow of the dialysate enters the preheating step.

The preheating step ends when T1 time has elapsed after the supply of electric power to the plurality of surface heaters 91, 92, 93 was started. When this preheating step is completed, the pumping operation controller 155 controls the pumping operation means 10 to alternately repeat pressurization and depressurization in the pump chamber. Further, the clamp control unit 153 controls the fourth clamp 114 to alternately switch between the clamped state and the unclamped state in accordance with pressurization and depressurization in the chamber 814, and also controls the third clamp 113 to perform the clamping. Status,
The switching of the unclamping state is alternately repeated according to the pressurization and the pressure reduction in the chamber 814. As a result, the diaphragm pump 87 is pumped (contracted and expanded) to send the dialysate from the dialysate bag 4 toward the dialysis catheter 7 and inject it.

When the preheating step is completed, the dialysate temperature control flow enters the initial heating step. When the initial heating process is completed, the dialysate temperature control flow normally enters the heating process. In the normal heating process, a plurality of surface heaters 9
Output control of 1, 92 and 93 is performed by the outlet liquid temperature temperature sensor 1
If the temperature measured by 2A is less than 33 ° C, P
The output value of the heater under control is set to a plurality of surface heaters 91, 9
2 and 93.

On the other hand, when the temperature measured by the outlet liquid temperature sensor 12A is 33 ° C. or higher and lower than 39 ° C., P
The output value of the heater by the I control is set to a plurality of surface heaters 91, 9
2 and 93.

As a result, the plurality of surface heaters 91, 92,
The output control of 93 can be performed with high precision. In the initial heating step or the normal heating step, when the temperature measured by the outlet liquid temperature temperature sensor 12A becomes 39 ° C. or higher,
The clamp control unit 153 controls the seventh clamp 117 to switch to the clamp state and controls the eighth clamp 118 to switch to the unclamp state. Further, the heater control unit 154 controls the plurality of surface heaters 91,
The power supply to 92, 93 is stopped, in other words, the plurality of surface heaters 91, 92, 93 are switched off. As a result, the outlet side of the heating cassette circuit 83 can be switched to the return circuit state, and the dialysate is heated by the heating cassette circuit 83.
From the bypass circuit 84 to the bypass circuit 84 without flowing toward the dialysis catheter 7.
Returns to the upstream side of the heating cassette circuit 83 via the, and circulates between the bypass circuit 84 and the heating cassette circuit 83,
In the meantime, the temperature drops (cools). That is, the dialysate heating control flow moves to the cooling step (step 1
2). Therefore, it is considerably higher than the body temperature of patient K (3
A dialysis solution having a temperature of 9 ° C. or higher is not injected into the patient K, and safe dialysis treatment can be performed.

When the temperature measured by the outlet liquid temperature temperature sensor 12A becomes less than 39 ° C., the clamp controller 153 controls the seventh clamp 117 to switch it to the unclamped state, and at the same time, the eighth clamp 118.
To switch to the clamped state. Further, the plurality of surface heaters 91, 92, 93 are switched on. Thus, the outlet side of the heating cassette circuit 83 can be returned to the final liquid injection circuit state, and the initial heating process or the normal heating process is performed again. When a predetermined amount of dialysate is injected (injected) into the peritoneum of the patient K, the injection of dialysate ends.

After the injection of the dialysate is completed, the clamp controller 154 controls the seventh clamp 117 and the eighth clamp 118 to switch them to the unclamped state, and also controls the fourth clamp 114 and the sixth clamp 116. Then switch to the clamped state. As a result, the switching cassette circuit 82 can be switched to the drainage circuit state.

Then, the pumping operation control section 155 controls the pumping operation means 10 to control the chamber 81.
The depressurization and pressurization of 4 are alternately repeated. Further, the clamp controller controls the third clamp 113 to alternately switch the unclamped state and the clamped state in accordance with the depressurization and pressurization of the chamber-814, and also controls the fifth clamp 115 to perform the clamping. Switching between the state and the unclamped state is alternately repeated according to the pressure reduction and the pressure increase in the chamber 814. As a result, the diaphragm pump 87 can be pumped to send the dialysate in the peritoneum from the dialysis catheter 7 to the drainage tank 6 for drainage.

Next, FIG. 10 is an external perspective view showing the dialysis machine main body 2 with all the covers other than the cover member 22 removed, in which the opening of the cassette mounting portion 21 can be seen by opening the cover member 22. FIG.

In this figure, the components which have already been described are given the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, and the main base 200 and the sub-base 201 are separated from each other by a separation surface H indicated by a chain line.
Is detachably attached to the upper and lower sides, and is integrally fixed as shown by using a plurality of screws (not shown) to form the cassette loading section 21 while removing the screws. By doing so, it can be easily separated into upper and lower parts.

The lid member 22 has left and right shafts formed with holes that are rotatably supported by left and right shaft support members 209 fixed to a shaft 219 that is pivotally supported by the main base 200. The support member 206 is fixed, and is opened to the front side as illustrated. Further, the left and right pins 208 are locked by the left and right locking members 209 that are rotatably provided in the sub-base 201 so as to be simultaneously rotated by the shaft 219, and thus are maintained in the closed position. . The door sensor 210 fixed to the main base 200 detects the closed state of the lid member 22 so that the lid member 22 does not operate in the open state shown in the figure.

11 (a) to 11 (c) are explanatory views of the operation of the lid member 22 and are views corresponding to a sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. The lid member 22 is rotatably supported by the shafts of the left and right pivotal support members 207 that are fixed.
Is rotatably provided, and as shown in FIG. 11A, the pin 208 is locked by the locking member 209 to be maintained in the closed position. The locking member 209 is the shaft body 21.
9 is a rotatable shaft, the compression spring 220 is provided at the other end to maintain the locked state. In FIG. 11B, when the lid member 22 is opened to the front side, the compression spring 220 is compressed, and the claw portion of the locking member 209 rides on the pin 208 as shown in the drawing to release the locked state. Then, the front side is opened and the state shown in FIG. 10 is obtained.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11C, the lid member 2
2 is manually moved in the direction of the arrow, the pin 208 comes into contact with the inclined surface 209b of the locking member 209, and further movement causes the pin 208 to ride on the claw portion of the locking member 209, as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the door sensor 210
Detects that the lid member 22 is closed.

By constructing the lid member 22 as described above, it is possible to prevent foreign matter from being mixed in by stopping all operations other than the closed state of the lid member 22 with the cassette loaded. I try to prevent outside accidents.

Referring again to FIG. 10, the cassette loading section 2
1, an elevating member 222 made of an aluminum plate is provided,
At the corners of the elevating member 222, the left and right cassette locking claw members 211 are integrally fixed by a shaft body 223 shown by a broken line, and further the shaft body 2 is attached to the elevating member 222.
23 is rotatably provided. A cassette button 212 is provided below the left cassette locking claw member 211 to simultaneously drive the left and right cassette locking claw members 211 to the release position.

FIG. 12 shows the lifting member 222.
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the left and right cassette locking claw members 211, where the left and right cassette locking claw members 211 are integrally fixed to a shaft body 223 so that they can be rotated in the arrow direction. Is provided on the lifting member 222. A compression coil spring 224 is inserted into the cassette button 212 and set, and the left and right cassette locking claw members 211 are constantly urged to move to the locking position.

Referring again to FIG. 10, on the sub-base 201, the three cam shafts 256 that make up the clamp means 11 and the stepping motors 253, 254, 255 that individually drive these cam shafts 256. And are fixed in the positions shown. Further, the switching valve 106, the vacuum pump 250, the air pressure generator 104, and the vacuum pressure generator 105.
A reserve tank is provided at the position shown.

Further, a mounting member 216 is fixed so as to straddle the upper surface of the sub-base portion 201.
6, the upper and lower control boards 214 and 215 are supported and fixed as shown.

Next, FIG. 13 is an external perspective view showing a state in which the main base 200 and the sub base 201 are separated from the separation surface H described in FIG. 10 and the sub base 201 is inverted. In this figure, the same reference numerals are given to the components already described, and the description thereof will be omitted. As a result, an elevating motor 251 which is a stepping motor for vertically moving the elevating member 222 provided on the main base 200 is shown. It is fixed in position. Further, the lower surface heater 91 and the intermediate heater 93 are provided on the inner side of the elevating member 222. Also,
Above the intermediate heater 93, there is provided a cassette ejection lever 228 which is rotated about the lever shaft 227 in the direction of the double arrow and is moved to the position shown by the biasing force of a torsion spring (not shown). ing. The cassette discharge lever 228 further includes a cassette presence sensor 2
An actuator portion 228a that turns on the sensor 226 by blocking the optical axis of the reference numeral 26 is formed at the tip.

With the above construction, in the operation explanatory view of FIGS. 14 (a) to 14 (c), when the cassette 8 shown by the alternate long and short dash line is loaded in the direction of the arrow and set on the elevating member 222, the front end of the cassette is shown. The surface 8c contacts the left and right cassette locking claw members 211 and retracts in the direction of the arrow to enable insertion. Further, when the cassette 8 is inserted, the gap 86 between the cassettes enters into the intermediate heater 93, and is further pushed in, so that the cassette front end face 8b as shown in FIG.
Is brought into contact with the cassette ejection lever 228 and moved to turn on the sensor, and a state for accumulating a force for ejecting the cassette is set. Before and after this, the left and right cassette locking claw members 211 are returned to the positions shown in the drawing, so that the cassette rear end surface 8a is locked. This completes the loading of the cassette 8 onto the elevating / lowering member 222.

When the cassette 8 is taken out after the dialysis is completed, the cassette button 212 is pressed to move the left and right cassette locking claw members 211 downward so that the locked state of the cassette rear end surface 8a is released. At the same time, the cassette 8 is ejected to the outside by the action of the ejection force accumulated in the cassette ejection lever 228.

As described above, the cassette can be loaded and ejected when the elevating member 222 is at the lower position.

In FIG. 13 again, the upper surface heater 92, the four resin studs 231 and the two stainless positioning pins 230 are provided on the sub-base 201, and the O around the periphery.
A pump chamber 235 provided with a ring 236, eight clampers 240, and a tube holding portion 233 are arranged.

In the sectional view taken along the line X--X in FIG. 10 of FIG. 15, each stud 231 is provided with an end surface 231a which comes into contact with the second cam member 248 when the elevating member 222 is moved upward. There is.

Cam rollers 246 pivotally supported by cam roller shafts 245 are provided at four corners of the elevating member 222, and these cam rollers 246 are fixed to the cam shaft 244 pivotally supported by the main base 200. First cam member 24
The three cam surfaces support each. First cam member 243
Are provided on the right and left pairs as shown in the figure and on the opposite surface side (not shown). By driving only one of the first cam members 243 by the motor 251, the driving of the other first cam member 243 is synchronized. It is configured so that it can be done. For this reason, the shaft support portion 243 is provided on the side surface of each first cam member 243.
a and 243b are provided, and a link member 242 as shown in the side view of FIG. 16 is rotatably connected to these. The link members 242 are formed from the hole portion 200a formed in the main base portion 200 to the first cam member 2 as shown in the drawing.
It is fixed to 43.

On the other hand, shafts 247 are fixed to both side surfaces of the elevating member 222, and four second cam members 248 rotatably supported by the shafts 247 are provided. The so-called parallel link mechanism in which the aluminum plate of the lower surface heater 91 is supported by the shaft support portion 249 of the second cam member 248 is configured.

The intermediate heater 93 is fixed to the elevating member 222 in a one-sided supported state. Further, the positioning pin 230 is not inserted into the hole 8a at the time when the cassette 8 is inserted at the position shown by the chain double-dashed line, and can be inserted as shown when the cassette 8 is moved to the position shown by the broken line. To keep the cassette stationary. Further, when the cassette 8 moves to the position shown by the broken line, the pump chamber 235 maintains the diaphragm 87 in an airtight state.

Further, the shielding plate 202 has two flat screws 23 fixed to the main base 200 as shown in FIG.
A guide member 238 for guiding the groove portion 238a by 7 is extended, and the pulling force of the pulling spring 239 moves to the position shown in the drawing without the cassette, and when the cassette 8 is inserted, the end portion 202a is connected. When it comes into contact with the tube, it moves in the direction of the arrow.

With the above configuration, in the operation explanatory view of the elevating member 222 in FIGS. 17A and 17B, the elevating member 222 is moved to the lower position, and the cassette 8 shown by the chain double-dashed line is shown in the figure. Is set to, the intermediate heater 93 enters the gap.

Following this, the motor is started and the first cam member 243 is rotated in the direction of the arrow, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), the cam roller 246 on the cam surface of the first cam member 243 moves upward, and the upper surface heater 92 and the pump chamber 235 are brought into contact with each other. On the other hand, before and after this, the lower surface heater 91 is rotated by the second cam member coming into contact with the stud 231. As a result, the lower surface heater 91 moves upward on the shaft support portion 249 of the second cam member 248 to move the lower surface. The heater 91 is moved to the position shown.

As described above, each heater is kept in contact with the divided heating cassette circuits 831 and 832. When the cassette is taken out, it moves in the opposite direction to the state shown in FIG.

In the state shown in FIG. 17B, as shown in the external perspective view of the tube holding means 233 of FIG. 18, the connecting tube 85 is held between the holding members 263 containing the bubble sensor 14 shown by the broken line. The bubble detection is reliably performed by setting the state in which the air bubble is brought into the open state.

At this time, as shown in the figure, the two compression springs 2
The pressing member 260 provided with 61 and movable up and down in the sub-base 201 moves, and the connection tube 85 is clamped between the clamping members 263, but the compression spring 261 is in a compressed state. Because it is, cassette 8
Moves to the position shown in FIG. 17 (a), the compression spring 26
As a result of the pressing member 260 being moved by the force of 1 returning to the original state, the clamped state of the connection tube 85 is released.

Next, FIG. 19 is a front view of the clamp means 11. In this figure, the components which have already been described are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description will be omitted.
The clamper 240 that closes the bypass circuit 84 is fixed to the end of the cam assembly 259 provided with the cam follower roller 258 that comes into contact with the cam surface of the cam member 257 that is individually driven by the motors 253, 254, and 255. ing.

Further, each cam assembly 259 has a sub base 20.
The central member 274 is inserted into the hole portion 266a formed in the clamper base 266 fixed to No. 1, and the large-diameter coil spring 27 for return is used inside the cap member 273.
5 is completed, the cam follower roller 258 comes into contact with the cam surface of the cam member 257 and is completed.

FIG. 20 is a three-dimensional exploded view of each cam assembly 259. In this figure, the central member 274 has a bottomed hole portion 274b shown by a broken line, and the bottomed hole portion 27b is formed. A female screw hole portion 274a is provided on the bottom surface. On the other hand, the rectangular hole 27 is formed in the cap member 273.
3a is provided, and the shape portion 274 of the central member 274 is formed.
After inserting d into the rectangular hole portion 273a, the shaft support member 270, which supports the cam follower roller 258, is attached to the shape portion 27.
After covering 4d, the screw 271 is screwed to the female screw portion 274c of the shape portion 274.

On the other hand, the bottomed hole portion 274b of the central member 274.
After the small-diameter coil spring 276 is set therein, the lid member 277 is inserted, and the long screw 278 is screwed into the female screw hole portion 274a to fix the lid member 277 with the small-diameter coil spring 276 interposed. To be done. Finally, each screw 279 is passed through the hole 240a formed in the clamper 240 to form the female screw portion 277a of the lid member 277.
Completed by screwing. With the above configuration, in FIG. 19, each cam assembly 259 is normally imitated so as to follow the cam surface.
Is driven up and down, and when an excessive load is applied, the small-diameter coil spring 276 is compressed, whereby it is possible to prevent the flow path from being excessively blocked.

FIG. 21 shows the sub-base 201 of the dialysis machine main body 2.
FIG. 8 is a piping diagram of a pumping actuating means 10 connected to the pump chamber 235 in order to perform a pumping operation of a diaphragm pump 87 provided in FIG.

In the figure, an air circuit (air pressurizing / depressurizing circuit) 101 is provided in the dialysis machine main body 2, and when the cassette main body 81 is mounted in the cassette mounting portion 21, one end of the air circuit 101 is It is configured to communicate with the pump chamber 235. A pair of branch air circuits 102 and 103, which are switched by a switching valve 106, are connected to the pump chamber 235 by relaying a sensor block 280 having a liquid leak detection function and an atmosphere opening valve 281. At the other end of the branch air circuit 102, the pressure sensor 28
2 is connected to the air pressure generator 104,
A vacuum pressure generating device (pressure reducing device) 105 to which a pressure sensor 282 is connected is connected to the other branch air circuit 103.

At the open ends of the branch air circuits 102 and 103, the intake side and the exhaust side of the vacuum pump 250 and the silencer 2 are connected.
The valves 285 and 286 for switching to 84 are connected.

With the above structure, the switching valve 106
A pressurized state in which the air circuit 101 and one branch air circuit 102 communicate with each other, and the air circuit 101 and the other branch air circuit 1
By switching between the decompressed state in which 03 is in communication,
Liquid is fed by the bellows 87 by changing the inside of the pump chamber 235 into a pressurized and depressurized state. That is, when decompressing the inside of the pump chamber 235 by the pumping operating means,
The third clamp 113 shown in (4) is switched to the unclamped state, and the fifth clamp 115 is switched to the clamped state. Furthermore, when pressurizing the inside of the pump chamber 235 by the pumping operating means, the third clamp 113 is switched to the clamped state and the fifth clamp 11 is
By switching 5 to the unclamped state, the dialysate can be drained from the dialysis catheter 7 toward the drain tank 6.

The amount of liquid fed is determined by the pressure sensor 28 described above.
It can be measured from the pressure change due to 2,283.

The present invention is not limited to the configuration described above, and can be applied to the case where the heating circuit of the cassette is one system and the heater is heated from above and below. Needless to say.

Further, as described above, since it is hard to reduce the size and weight for home treatment, and aluminum parts and light weight resin materials are used for each component, for example, when using as an installation type in a hospital. Will increase the degree of freedom in design.

[0128]

As described above, according to the peritoneal dialysis device of the present invention, in the peritoneal dialysis device using the disposable cassette integrally formed with the diaphragm and the heating unit,
It is possible to provide a peritoneal dialysis device that has a quiet flow path switching operation, a high heating capacity, and a small and lightweight configuration.

In addition, it is possible to provide a peritoneal dialysis device in which anyone can reliably and easily carry out the loading operation of the detachable cassette and which has a sufficient heating capacity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing a peritoneal dialysis device of the present invention together with a cassette 8.

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a peritoneal dialysis device of the present invention.

3 is an external perspective view showing a flow path switching unit of the cassette 8 and a clamper 240. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the cassette 8.

5 is a plan view of the cassette 8. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the cassette 8.

FIG. 7 is a relationship diagram between a heating circuit of the cassette 8 and a heater.

FIG. 8 (a) is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a dialysate is fed into the abdominal cavity, and FIG.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a dialysis machine main body.

FIG. 10 is an external perspective view of the dialysis machine main body with the cover removed.

11A to 11C are operation explanatory views of the lid member 22 and are views corresponding to a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the left and right cassette locking claw members 211 provided on the elevating member 222.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of the separation surface H to the main base 200 described in FIG.
FIG. 4 is an external perspective view showing a state in which the sub base 201 is separated from the sub base 201 and the sub base 201 is inverted.

14 (a) to 14 (c) are operation explanatory views of the locking mechanism of the cassette 8. FIG.

15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG.

FIG. 16 is a right side view of the dialysis machine main body.

17 (a) and 17 (b) are operation explanatory views of the cassette loading means.

FIG. 18 is an external perspective view of tube holding means 233.

FIG. 19 is a front view of the clump means 11.

FIG. 20 is an exploded view of the clump assembly 259.

FIG. 21 is a piping diagram of pumping operating means 10 for performing a pumping operation on the diaphragm pump 87.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Peritoneal dialysis device 2 Dialysis machine body 21 cassette mount 22 Lid member 23 Display 24a, 24b operation unit 3 dialysate unit 31 Injection tube circuit 32 Additional injection tube circuit 33 Injection / drainage tube circuit 34 Drainage tube circuit 35 branch tube circuit 36 transfer tube set 37 Clemme 4 dialysate bag 5 Additional dialysate bag 6 drainage tank 7 dialysis catheter 8 cassettes 81 cassette body 811 Lower body frame 812 Upper body frame 82 Switching cassette circuit 821 Injection circuit 822 Additional liquid injection circuit 823 Injection / drainage circuit 824 drainage circuit 83 Heating cassette circuit 831 split heating cassette circuit 832 split heating cassette circuit 833 Connection tube 84 Bypass circuit 85a-85d Connection tube 86 gap 87 diaphragm pump 881 first support protrusion 882 Second support protrusion 883 Third support protrusion 884 Fourth support protrusion 885 Fifth support protrusion 886 Sixth support protrusion 887 7th support protrusion 888 Eighth support protrusion 9 Heating means 91 Lower surface heater 92 Upper surface heater 93 Intermediate heater 94a-94d Aluminum plate 10 Pumping actuation means 101 Air circuit 102 Branch air circuit 103 Branch air circuit 104 Air pressure generator 105 Vacuum pressure generator 106 switching valve 11 Clamping means 111 first clamp 112 Second clamp 113 3rd clamp 114 Fourth Clamp 115 Fifth Clamp 116 sixth clamp 117 7th clamp 118 8th clamp 12A outlet temperature sensor for liquid temperature 12B Temperature sensor for inlet liquid temperature 13 Heater temperature sensor 14 Bubble sensor 15 Control system 151 CPU 152 storage 153 Clamp controller 154 Heater control unit 155 Pumping operation control unit 156 power supply circuit 157 battery circuit 16 Various sensors S1-S12 steps 200 Main base 201 Sub-base 202 Shield 203 Card reader 204 memory card 222 Lifting member 228 Cassette eject lever 233 tube clamping means 235 pump room 240 clamper

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 21, 2001 (2001.6.2)
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   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Hirota             Nagano Prefecture Nagano City Inari Town Shimoice plane 1163 Nagano             Within Japan Radio Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Zenichi Makiuchi             Nagano Prefecture Nagano City Inari Town Shimoice plane 1163 Nagano             Within Japan Radio Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4C077 AA06 BB10 CC02 DD02 DD16                       DD18 DD19 DD25 EE03 EE04                       HH02 HH13 HH15 JJ02 JJ13                       JJ16 KK23 KK25

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A disposable cassette in which a diaphragm for sending liquid, a heating unit and a flow path switching unit are integrally formed is loaded and connected to a dialysate container storing a dialysate and a drainage container. A peritoneal dialysis apparatus used as a body, a main body having an operation unit and a display unit, cassette loading means for detachably loading the cassette, and a positive pressure state of the diaphragm after loading the cassette. Pumping operation means for feeding liquid from the dialysate container and feeding liquid to the drain container by setting a negative pressure state, and after loading the cassette, a certain amount of dialysate at a predetermined temperature in the heating unit. And a heater means for heating the heated dialysate into the abdominal cavity of the patient, and to form a flow path for aspirating / draining the dialysate from the abdominal cavity after a lapse of a predetermined time. Flow path switching means for opening and closing the path switching unit; A peritoneal dialysis device comprising: an operation unit, the display unit, the cassette loading unit, the pumping operation unit, the heater unit, and a control unit connected to the flow path switching unit. 2. A disposable type cassette in which a heating portion and a flow passage switching portion formed as upper and lower two flow passages are integrally formed via a diaphragm for feeding a liquid and a gap portion is loaded, and dialysis is performed. A peritoneal dialysis device used by connecting to a dialysate container storing a liquid and a drainage container, wherein a main body provided with an operation unit and a display unit, and cassette loading means for detachably loading the cassette Pumping operation means for feeding liquid from the dialysate container and liquid to the drain container by placing the diaphragm in a positive pressure state and a negative pressure state after loading the cassette; and loading the cassette. Later, a heater means provided with a three-layer surface heater which is in close contact with the flow paths of the upper and lower two systems to heat a fixed amount of dialysate to a predetermined temperature in the heating unit, and Warm dialysate to the patient almost continuously. A flow path switching unit that opens and closes the flow path switching unit in order to form a flow path for feeding the dialysate into the cavity and aspirating / draining dialysate from the abdominal cavity after a lapse of a predetermined time, the operation unit, and the display. A peritoneal dialysis device comprising: a unit, the cassette loading unit, the pumping operation unit, the heater unit, and a control unit connected to the flow path switching unit. 3. The flow passage switching means opens and closes the flow passage switching portion by rotating a plurality of cam shafts having a plurality of cams continuously or intermittently by a drive portion of each cam shaft. The peritoneal dialysis apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a plurality of clampers for performing the operation. 4. A large-diameter coil spring for returning for contacting the cam surface of the cam, and a clamper of the flow path switching means for preventing excessive blockage of the flow path of the flow path switching portion. The peritoneal dialysis device according to claim 3, further comprising a small-diameter coil spring. 5. The cassette loading means, after inserting the cassette from an opening on the front surface of the main body,
A cassette elevating unit for elevating the cassette is provided, and by moving the cassette from a lower position to an operating position by the cassette elevating unit, a predetermined flow path of the upper and lower two systems comes into close contact with the surface heater of the three layers. The pump chamber of the pumping operation means is maintained in an airtight state with respect to the diaphragm while being positioned at a position, and the opening / closing is performed by the clamper of the flow path switching means. The peritoneal dialysis device according to 2 or 3. 6. The main body has a main base for installation and a sub-base fixed to the main base as an attachment base, and the three-layer surface heater has an upper surface fixed to the sub-base. The cassette is composed of a heater, an intermediate heater that penetrates into the gap of the cassette, and a lower surface heater. The cassette elevating means is provided on the main base and is elevated by a motor-driven first cam mechanism. The intermediate heater includes an elevating member that is fixed in a one-sided support state, and a lower surface heater that is elevated by a second cam mechanism provided on the elevating member. The peritoneal dialysis device according to claim 5, wherein the peritoneal dialysis device is configured to be rotationally driven by contacting a stud implanted in the. 7. A pin for sneaking in and positioning a positioning hole portion of the cassette by moving the cassette upward to the operating position by the cassette elevating means.
The peritoneal dialysis device according to claim 6, wherein the peritoneal dialysis device is implanted in the sub-base. 8. A connection tube in which an openable and closable lid for closing the opening of the cassette loading means is disposed on the front surface of the main body, and the cassette is connected to the dialysate container and the drainage container. 8. A shield plate is provided on the side surface, and a shield plate is provided that is moved to prevent interference with the connection tube when the cassette is loaded through the opening. The peritoneal dialysis device according to any one of claims. 9. The connection tube is held in a sandwiched state with respect to an air bubble sensor arranged in the sub base,
The peritoneal dialysis device according to claim 5, further comprising a pinch releasing means for releasing the pinched state when the cassette is lowered from the operating position. 10. The main base portion and the sub base portion are made of an aluminum plate to reduce the weight, and the cassette elevating means is disposed in the main base portion, and in the sub base portion, a control board of the control means, 7. The power supply unit including a battery, the pump chamber of the pumping operation unit, the vacuum pump, and the tank, and the clamper drive unit of the flow path switching unit are arranged. Peritoneal dialysis machine. 11. The cassette loading means includes a locking state in which the cassette is locked to a rear end surface of the cassette when the cassette is inserted from an opening in a front surface of the main body and set in the cassette lifting means, and And a lever means for turning on and off a sensor means for detecting the presence / absence of a cassette, which is rotated against an urging force by coming into contact with the front end surface of the cassette. 11. The peritoneal dialysis device according to any one of 1 to 10, wherein the presence / absence of a cassette is detected and the cassette is discharged from the loading position in cooperation with the locking means. 12. The pumping operation means includes a switching valve that communicates with the pump chamber to switch the diaphragm to a positive pressure and negative pressure state, a vacuum pump, and positive pressure and negative pressure reserve tanks. The peritoneal dialysis device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a pressure sensor that detects a pressure in each of the reserve tanks, and the supply amount of the dialysate can be monitored by the pressure sensor. 13. The peritoneal dialysis device according to claim 1, wherein a storage card for changing the screen of the display unit is removable from the back surface of the main body.